Occurrence of endoparasites with zoonotic potential in the city of Uruguaiana-RS / Ocorrência de endoparasitos com potencial zoonótico no município de Uruguaiana-RS

The presence of feces of companion animals in public squares contaminated with endoparasite eggs with zoonotic potential plays a fundamental role in the transmission of diseases to the population. In this context, Cutaneous Larva Migrans and Visceral Larva Migrans are important zoonosis. In the city of Uruguaiana-RS, as well as in the national panorama, there is a shortage of data that contemplate the current contamination of public areas in order to map critical areas for the implementation of public policies to prevent these diseases. Thus, we evaluated the occurrence of endoparasites in the public squares of Uruguaiana-RS through the collection of feces in these places. A total of 87 fecal samples were collected, in which 23 were positive for endoparasite eggs with zoonotic potential. In the compilation of the data, we found higher prevalence of Ancylostoma spp. than Toxocara spp. in not fenced public squares. Compared with previous studies, a decrease in contamination of feces found and collected was observed. Thus, possible causes and suggested preventive measures were raised, as well as responsible ownership and health education to reduce environmental contamination of the city.

A presença de fezes de animais de companhia em praças públicas, contaminadas com ovos de endoparasitos com potencial zoonótico, tem papel fundamental na transmissão de doenças para a população. Neste contexto, Larva Migrans Cutânea e Larva Migrans Visceral são importantes zoonoses. No município de Uruguaiana-RS, assim como no panorama nacional, há escassez de dados que contemplem a atual contaminação de áreas públicas a fim de mapear áreas críticas para a implementação de políticas públicas de prevenção destas doenças. Desta forma, se avaliou a ocorrência de endoparasitos em praças do município de Uruguaiana-RS através da coleta de fezes nestes locais. Foram coletadas 87 amostras de fezes, sendo 23 positivas para ovos de endoparasitos com potencial zoonótico. Na compilação dos dados obteve-se maior prevalência de ovos de Ancylostoma spp. que Toxocara spp. nas praças não cercadas. Em comparação com estudos anteriores percebeu-se uma diminuição da contaminação das fezes encontradas e coletadas. Sendo assim, foram levantadas possíveis causas e sugeridas medidas preventivas, além da posse responsável e educação em saúde para reduzir a contaminação ambiental do munícipio.

Occurrence of endoparasites with zoonotic potential in the city of Uruguaiana-RS / Ocorrência de endoparasitos com potencial zoonótico no município de Uruguaiana-RS

The presence of feces of companion animals in public squares contaminated with endoparasite eggs with zoonotic potential plays a fundamental role in the transmission of diseases to the population. In this context, Cutaneous Larva Migrans and Visceral Larva Migrans are important zoonosis. In the city of Uruguaiana-RS, as well as in the national panorama, there is a shortage of data that contemplate the current contamination of public areas in order to map critical areas for the implementation of public policies to prevent these diseases. Thus, we evaluated the occurrence of endoparasites in the public squares of Uruguaiana-RS through the collection of feces in these places. A total of 87 fecal samples were collected, in which 23 were positive for endoparasite eggs with zoonotic potential. In the compilation of the data, we found higher prevalence of Ancylostoma spp. than Toxocara spp. in not fenced public squares. Compared with previous studies, a decrease in contamination of feces found and collected was observed. Thus, possible causes and suggested preventive measures were raised, as well as responsible ownership and health education to reduce environmental contamination of the city.(AU)

A presença de fezes de animais de companhia em praças públicas, contaminadas com ovos de endoparasitos com potencial zoonótico, tem papel fundamental na transmissão de doenças para a população. Neste contexto, Larva Migrans Cutânea e Larva Migrans Visceral são importantes zoonoses. No município de Uruguaiana-RS, assim como no panorama nacional, há escassez de dados que contemplem a atual contaminação de áreas públicas a fim de mapear áreas críticas para a implementação de políticas públicas de prevenção destas doenças. Desta forma, se avaliou a ocorrência de endoparasitos em praças do município de Uruguaiana-RS através da coleta de fezes nestes locais. Foram coletadas 87 amostras de fezes, sendo 23 positivas para ovos de endoparasitos com potencial zoonótico. Na compilação dos dados obteve-se maior prevalência de ovos de Ancylostoma spp. que Toxocara spp. nas praças não cercadas. Em comparação com estudos anteriores percebeu-se uma diminuição da contaminação das fezes encontradas e coletadas. Sendo assim, foram levantadas possíveis causas e sugeridas medidas preventivas, além da posse responsável e educação em saúde para reduzir a contaminação ambiental do munícipio.(AU)

Use of gamithromycin for the treatment of osteomyelitis secondary to foot rot in a sheep

Background: Lameness is one of the main causes of economic losses in sheep breeding, especially in the distal region of the limbs. Poor sanitation management, especially in terms of hygiene conditions and the introduction of animals without previous preventive care, is an important predisposing factor in sheep flocks. Interdigital phlegmon (foot rot) is a bacterial disease that causes pain, heat, edema, hyperemia in the region, and can lead to secondary processes such as osteomyelitis. This case report describes the use of gamithromycin for the treatment of osteomyelitis secondary to foot rot in a sheep.Case: An Ile-de-France ewe exhibiting signs of lameness, pain, heat, hyperemia and edema in the four digits was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of UNIPAMPA. The lesions were characterized by interdigital phlegmon, commonly known as foot rot, and the right thoracic limb was more affected, exuding a foul odor and purulent secretion. The affected limbs were treated topically with an antiseptic solution. The lesions healed completely except for the right thoracic limb, whose clinical condition worsened. Osteitis was suspected, and was confirmed by radiographic evaluation of the region. Treatment with ceftiofur was introduced, but proved to be ineffective. Nevertheless, the lesion was found to have worsened, and a new X-ray evaluation was made, which revealed dislocation of the distal phalanx as well as involvement of the middle and proximal phalanges. Thus, we decided to perform chemical arthrodesis of the distal interphalangeal joint. Before beginning this procedure, contrast X-rays were taken that revealed the development of a fistulous pathway connecting the distal interphalangeal joint to the proximal interphalangeal joint, which precluded this procedure. In view of the worsening of the condition, amputation of the distal and middle phalanges was performed, as well as scraping of the distal edge of the proximal phalanx.[...](AU)

Use of gamithromycin for the treatment of osteomyelitis secondary to foot rot in a sheep

Background: Lameness is one of the main causes of economic losses in sheep breeding, especially in the distal region of the limbs. Poor sanitation management, especially in terms of hygiene conditions and the introduction of animals without previous preventive care, is an important predisposing factor in sheep flocks. Interdigital phlegmon (foot rot) is a bacterial disease that causes pain, heat, edema, hyperemia in the region, and can lead to secondary processes such as osteomyelitis. This case report describes the use of gamithromycin for the treatment of osteomyelitis secondary to foot rot in a sheep.Case: An Ile-de-France ewe exhibiting signs of lameness, pain, heat, hyperemia and edema in the four digits was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of UNIPAMPA. The lesions were characterized by interdigital phlegmon, commonly known as foot rot, and the right thoracic limb was more affected, exuding a foul odor and purulent secretion. The affected limbs were treated topically with an antiseptic solution. The lesions healed completely except for the right thoracic limb, whose clinical condition worsened. Osteitis was suspected, and was confirmed by radiographic evaluation of the region. Treatment with ceftiofur was introduced, but proved to be ineffective. Nevertheless, the lesion was found to have worsened, and a new X-ray evaluation was made, which revealed dislocation of the distal phalanx as well as involvement of the middle and proximal phalanges. Thus, we decided to perform chemical arthrodesis of the distal interphalangeal joint. Before beginning this procedure, contrast X-rays were taken that revealed the development of a fistulous pathway connecting the distal interphalangeal joint to the proximal interphalangeal joint, which precluded this procedure. In view of the worsening of the condition, amputation of the distal and middle phalanges was performed, as well as scraping of the distal edge of the proximal phalanx.[...]

Frequency of geohelminths in public squares in Pelotas, RS, Brazil / Frequência de geohelmintos em praças públicas de Pelotas, RS, Brasil

The frequency of parasitic contamination of public areas in the municipality of Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, was studied between June 2010 and May 2011, when soil samples were collected from eight city squares. Out of 400 samples submitted to centrifugal floatation technique in solution of sodium dichromate with density of 1.35, 176 (44%) proved positive for at least one parasite; 29 (16.5%) samples were multi-infested. The results showed that there was a significant soil contamination rate in all the parks included in the study. The positivity rate was higher for hookworms eggs (13.5%) and Toxocara eggs (8.8%); Trichuris, Ascaris and Capillaria eggs were also detected. This study shows the risks to which the population is exposed in relation to zoonotic geohelminths, and suggests that sanitation and health education measures should be implemented in the municipality.

A frequência de contaminação parasitária de áreas públicas de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, foi avaliada entre junho de 2010 e maio de 2011, com coletas mensais de amostras de solo de oito praças. Das 400 amostras submetidas à técnica de centrífugo-flutuação em solução de dicromato de sódio com densidade de 1,35, 176 (44%) apresentaram pelo menos uma forma parasitária e, das amostras positivas, 29 (16,5%) estavam poliparasitadas. Os resultados demonstraram relevante índice de contaminação do solo em todas as praças avaliadas, com maiores índices de positividade para ovos de ancilostomídeos (13,5%) e ovos de Toxocara (8,8%), sendo também identificados ovos de Trichuris, Ascaris e Capillaria. O estudo demonstrou a contaminação ambiental de praças públicas e os riscos a que a população está exposta em relação a doenças causadas por geoparasitos zoonóticos e sugere que medidas de saneamento e educação em saúde devem ser implementadas no município.