Evaluation of intraperitoneal and incisional bupivacaine or levobupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in ovariohysterectomized dogs

Background: Ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is the most commonly performed elective surgical procedure in companionanimals. OHE offers benefits of control of population and decreased risk of potentially life-threatening diseases such asmammarian tumours and pyometra. Traditional OHE intervention causes inflammation and pain due to trauma duringorgan manipulation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of intraperitoneal and incisional administrationof bupivacaine (BP) or levobupivacaine (LP) on postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing the OHE procedure.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 24 mix-breed bitches aged between 1 - 3 years and weighed 19 - 20 kg wereused in this study. The animals were divided into three groups as control (n = 8), BP (n = 8) and LP group (n = 8). Theanimals were kept under surveillance at the hospitalisation unit of the animal hospital for one day before the elective OHE.The dogs were fasted for 12 h before the surgery, with adlib water consumption. Atropine sulphate 0.045 mg/kg was administered subcutaneously approximately 30 min before general anaesthesia. Midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) was intravenouslyinjected into all dogs for pre-anaesthetic medication. After sedation, anaesthesia was induced with propofol (4 mg/kg, IV)and then the dogs were orotracheally intubated using cuffed endotracheal tubes. General anaesthesia was maintained byadministration of 2% isoflurane. The ventral abdomen was prepared aseptically for OHE following the general anaesthesia.All animals were operated on by the same surgeon. During surgery, sprayed bupivacaine 0.5% (4.4 mg/kg) with an equalvolume of saline in BP group, levobupivacaine 0.5% (4.4 mg/kg) with an equal volume of saline in LP were then appliedover the ovaries, uterine broad ligaments and cervix uteri. After removal of the uterine body, either LP or BP was sprayedto left and right, or cranial and caudal parts of the abdominal cavity...

Evaluation of intraperitoneal and incisional bupivacaine or levobupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in ovariohysterectomized dogs

Background: Ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is the most commonly performed elective surgical procedure in companionanimals. OHE offers benefits of control of population and decreased risk of potentially life-threatening diseases such asmammarian tumours and pyometra. Traditional OHE intervention causes inflammation and pain due to trauma duringorgan manipulation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of intraperitoneal and incisional administrationof bupivacaine (BP) or levobupivacaine (LP) on postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing the OHE procedure.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 24 mix-breed bitches aged between 1 - 3 years and weighed 19 - 20 kg wereused in this study. The animals were divided into three groups as control (n = 8), BP (n = 8) and LP group (n = 8). Theanimals were kept under surveillance at the hospitalisation unit of the animal hospital for one day before the elective OHE.The dogs were fasted for 12 h before the surgery, with adlib water consumption. Atropine sulphate 0.045 mg/kg was administered subcutaneously approximately 30 min before general anaesthesia. Midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) was intravenouslyinjected into all dogs for pre-anaesthetic medication. After sedation, anaesthesia was induced with propofol (4 mg/kg, IV)and then the dogs were orotracheally intubated using cuffed endotracheal tubes. General anaesthesia was maintained byadministration of 2% isoflurane. The ventral abdomen was prepared aseptically for OHE following the general anaesthesia.All animals were operated on by the same surgeon. During surgery, sprayed bupivacaine 0.5% (4.4 mg/kg) with an equalvolume of saline in BP group, levobupivacaine 0.5% (4.4 mg/kg) with an equal volume of saline in LP were then appliedover the ovaries, uterine broad ligaments and cervix uteri. After removal of the uterine body, either LP or BP was sprayedto left and right, or cranial and caudal parts of the abdominal cavity...(AU)

Effects of dexketoprofen trometamol on stress and oxidative stress in cattle undergoing claw trimming

Background: Animal welfare raised a great deal of attention and associated with ethical and moral aspects. In animal,evaluation of wellness is a great tackle and has a complex entity. Pain and stress are closely associated with poor animalwelfare and animal suffering should be removed in order to achieve wellness. Today, good welfare in animal is definedas the absence of stress, thus most of the welfare studies focused on it. The aim of study was to investigate the effect ofdexketoprofen trometamol (DEXT) on stress and oxidative stress in cattle undergoing claw trimming.Materials, Methods & Results: This study was conducted on 14 female dairy cows aged 3 - 6 old years with mean bodyweight of 475 kg (7 Simmental, 5 Holstein Friesian and 2 Montafon). Each cow was randomly allocated into two groups.DEXT group (n = 8) was administered intravenously DEXT at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight 30 min before claw trimming.Control group (n = 6) was administered physiological saline at the same dose 30 min before procedure was carried out.Trimming was performed using a mobile walk-in crush where the head of cow was restrained by a stanchion and the bodysupported thoracic and thigh belts in all procedures. The heart rate was measured by auscultation and respiratory rate bycounting thoracic excursions before and after claw trimming. Blood samples were collected by jugular venepuncture intoglass tube with gel, at 30 min before claw trimming and 15 and 30 min after trimming for measuring serum cortisol, nitricoxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant activity (AOA). Serum cortisol concentrations were determinedby ELISA with used commercial bovine ELISA kit. In both groups no difference was observed in heart rate however therespiratory rate at 15 and 30 min was significantly different (P < 0.05). The heart rate was increased at 15 min after clawtrimming...(AU)

Effects of dexketoprofen trometamol on stress and oxidative stress in cattle undergoing claw trimming

Background: Animal welfare raised a great deal of attention and associated with ethical and moral aspects. In animal,evaluation of wellness is a great tackle and has a complex entity. Pain and stress are closely associated with poor animalwelfare and animal suffering should be removed in order to achieve wellness. Today, good welfare in animal is definedas the absence of stress, thus most of the welfare studies focused on it. The aim of study was to investigate the effect ofdexketoprofen trometamol (DEXT) on stress and oxidative stress in cattle undergoing claw trimming.Materials, Methods & Results: This study was conducted on 14 female dairy cows aged 3 - 6 old years with mean bodyweight of 475 kg (7 Simmental, 5 Holstein Friesian and 2 Montafon). Each cow was randomly allocated into two groups.DEXT group (n = 8) was administered intravenously DEXT at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight 30 min before claw trimming.Control group (n = 6) was administered physiological saline at the same dose 30 min before procedure was carried out.Trimming was performed using a mobile walk-in crush where the head of cow was restrained by a stanchion and the bodysupported thoracic and thigh belts in all procedures. The heart rate was measured by auscultation and respiratory rate bycounting thoracic excursions before and after claw trimming. Blood samples were collected by jugular venepuncture intoglass tube with gel, at 30 min before claw trimming and 15 and 30 min after trimming for measuring serum cortisol, nitricoxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant activity (AOA). Serum cortisol concentrations were determinedby ELISA with used commercial bovine ELISA kit. In both groups no difference was observed in heart rate however therespiratory rate at 15 and 30 min was significantly different (P < 0.05). The heart rate was increased at 15 min after clawtrimming...