Vitamin and mineral supplementation improves erythrocytic recovery and productive performance of infected by gastrointestinal parasites / A suplementação de vitaminas e minerais melhora a recuperação eritrocítica e o desempenho produtivo de cordeiros infectados por parasitas gastrointestinais

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a vitamin and mineral complex, associated with the application of an efficient anthelmintic, in parasitized lambs, with characteristic signs of gastrointestinal nematode infection, on hematological clinical parameters of clinical improvementand weight gain. 60 lambs Australian Merino breed, with 8 and 9 months of age, were segregated in four groups: control (no supplemetation); formula 1 (Iron Dextran, Organic Phosphorus, Cyanocobalamin and Vitamin k); formula 2 (Iron Dextran, Organic Phosphorus and Cyanocobalamin); and formula 3 (Vitamin k). Hematocrit, prothrombin time, total plasma proteins, color of the conjunctiva and weight gain were analyzed. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) through the repeated measures test. There was no statistical difference between treatments for the variables of hematocrit (P = 0.564), prothrombin time (P = 0.911) and plasma proteins (P = 0.6), for the conjunctiva color variable there was a difference (P = 0.052 ), with greater results for the groups supplemented with Vitamin K, Butafosfan, Cyanocobalamin and Iron (groups F1 and F3), as well as those same groups reached higher body weight at D35 (P = 0.023). It can be concluded that the administration of vitamin and mineral complex, associated with efficient anthelmintic, promoted a better performance in parasitized lambs.(AU)

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de um complexo vitamínico e mineral, aplicado junto com a administração de um anti-helmíntico eficiente, em cordeiros parasitados, com sinais característicos de infecção por nematóide gastrointestinal, sobre os parâmetros clínicos hematológicos de melhora clínica e ganho de peso. Foram utilizados 60 cordeiros da raça Merino Australiano, com 8 e 9 meses de idade, segregados em quatro grupos: controle (não suplementado); fórmula 1 (Ferro Dextrano, Fósforo Orgânico, Cianocobalamina e Vitamina k); fórmula 2 (Ferro Dextrano, Fósforo Orgânico e Cianocobalamina); e fórmula 3 (Vitamina k). Foram analisados hematócrito, tempo de protrombina, proteínas plasmáticas totais (PPT), coloração da conjuntiva e ganho de peso. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) através do teste de medidas repetidas. Não houve diferença estatísticas entre os tratamentos para as variáveis de hematócrito (P=0,564), tempo de protrombina (P=0,911) e PPT (P=0,6), para a variável de coloração da conjuntiva houve diferença (P=0,052), com resultados superiores para os grupos suplementados com Vitamina K, Butafosfan, Cianocobalamina e Ferro (grupos F1 e F3), assim como esses mesmos grupos atingiram peso vivo no D35 superior (P=0,023). Podendo concluir que a administração de complexo vitamínico e mineral, administrado em conjunto com anti-helmíntico eficiente, promoveu um melhor desempenho em cordeiros parasitados.(AU)

Vitamin and mineral supplementation improves erythrocytic recovery and productive performance of infected by gastrointestinal parasites / A suplementação de vitaminas e minerais melhora a recuperação eritrocítica e o desempenho produtivo de cordeiros infectados por parasitas gastrointestinais

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a vitamin and mineral complex, associated with the application of an efficient anthelmintic, in parasitized lambs, with characteristic signs of gastrointestinal nematode infection, on hematological clinical parameters of clinical improvementand weight gain. 60 lambs Australian Merino breed, with 8 and 9 months of age, were segregated in four groups: control (no supplemetation); formula 1 (Iron Dextran, Organic Phosphorus, Cyanocobalamin and Vitamin k); formula 2 (Iron Dextran, Organic Phosphorus and Cyanocobalamin); and formula 3 (Vitamin k). Hematocrit, prothrombin time, total plasma proteins, color of the conjunctiva and weight gain were analyzed. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) through the repeated measures test. There was no statistical difference between treatments for the variables of hematocrit (P = 0.564), prothrombin time (P = 0.911) and plasma proteins (P = 0.6), for the conjunctiva color variable there was a difference (P = 0.052 ), with greater results for the groups supplemented with Vitamin K, Butafosfan, Cyanocobalamin and Iron (groups F1 and F3), as well as those same groups reached higher body weight at D35 (P = 0.023). It can be concluded that the administration of vitamin and mineral complex, associated with efficient anthelmintic, promoted a better performance in parasitized lambs.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de um complexo vitamínico e mineral, aplicado junto com a administração de um anti-helmíntico eficiente, em cordeiros parasitados, com sinais característicos de infecção por nematóide gastrointestinal, sobre os parâmetros clínicos hematológicos de melhora clínica e ganho de peso. Foram utilizados 60 cordeiros da raça Merino Australiano, com 8 e 9 meses de idade, segregados em quatro grupos: controle (não suplementado); fórmula 1 (Ferro Dextrano, Fósforo Orgânico, Cianocobalamina e Vitamina k); fórmula 2 (Ferro Dextrano, Fósforo Orgânico e Cianocobalamina); e fórmula 3 (Vitamina k). Foram analisados hematócrito, tempo de protrombina, proteínas plasmáticas totais (PPT), coloração da conjuntiva e ganho de peso. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) através do teste de medidas repetidas. Não houve diferença estatísticas entre os tratamentos para as variáveis de hematócrito (P=0,564), tempo de protrombina (P=0,911) e PPT (P=0,6), para a variável de coloração da conjuntiva houve diferença (P=0,052), com resultados superiores para os grupos suplementados com Vitamina K, Butafosfan, Cianocobalamina e Ferro (grupos F1 e F3), assim como esses mesmos grupos atingiram peso vivo no D35 superior (P=0,023). Podendo concluir que a administração de complexo vitamínico e mineral, administrado em conjunto com anti-helmíntico eficiente, promoveu um melhor desempenho em cordeiros parasitados.

Vitamin and mineral supplementation improves erythrocytic recovery and productive performance of infected by gastrointestinal parasites

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a vitamin and mineral complex, associated with the application of an efficient anthelmintic, in parasitized lambs, with characteristic signs of gastrointestinal nematode infection, on hematological clinical parameters of clinical improvementand weight gain. 60 lambs Australian Merino breed, with 8 and 9 months of age, were segregated in four groups: control (no supplemetation); formula 1 (Iron Dextran, Organic Phosphorus, Cyanocobalamin and Vitamin k); formula 2 (Iron Dextran, Organic Phosphorus and Cyanocobalamin); and formula 3 (Vitamin k). Hematocrit, prothrombin time, total plasma proteins, color of the conjunctiva and weight gain were analyzed. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) through the repeated measures test. There was no statistical difference between treatments for the variables of hematocrit (P = 0.564), prothrombin time (P = 0.911) and plasma proteins (P = 0.6), for the conjunctiva color variable there was a difference (P = 0.052 ), with greater results for the groups supplemented with Vitamin K, Butafosfan, Cyanocobalamin and Iron (groups F1 and F3), as well as those same groups reached higher body weight at D35 (P = 0.023). It can be concluded that the administration of vitamin and mineral complex, associated with efficient anthelmintic, promoted a better performance in parasitized lambs.

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de um complexo vitamínico e mineral, aplicado junto com a administração de um anti-helmíntico eficiente, em cordeiros parasitados, com sinais característicos de infecção por nematóide gastrointestinal, sobre os parâmetros clínicos hematológicos de melhora clínica e ganho de peso. Foram utilizados 60 cordeiros da raça Merino Australiano, com 8 e 9 meses de idade, segregados em quatro grupos: controle (não suplementado); fórmula 1 (Ferro Dextrano, Fósforo Orgânico, Cianocobalamina e Vitamina k); fórmula 2 (Ferro Dextrano, Fósforo Orgânico e Cianocobalamina); e fórmula 3 (Vitamina k). Foram analisados hematócrito, tempo de protrombina, proteínas plasmáticas totais (PPT), coloração da conjuntiva e ganho de peso. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) através do teste de medidas repetidas. Não houve diferença estatísticas entre os tratamentos para as variáveis de hematócrito (P=0,564), tempo de protrombina (P=0,911) e PPT (P=0,6), para a variável de coloração da conjuntiva houve diferença (P=0,052), com resultados superiores para os grupos suplementados com Vitamina K, Butafosfan, Cianocobalamina e Ferro (grupos F1 e F3), assim como esses mesmos grupos atingiram peso vivo no D35 superior (P=0,023). Podendo concluir que a administração de complexo vitamínico e mineral, administrado em conjunto com anti-helmíntico eficiente, promoveu um melhor desempenho em cordeiros parasitados.

Evaluation of follicular growth and progesterone production in Bos taurus cows strategically treated with insulin / Avaliação do crescimento folicular e da produção de progesterona em vacas Bos taurus tratadas estrategicamente com insulina

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of strategic insulin administration on follicular growth, progesterone production, and pregnancy rate in beef cattle. Two experiments were conducted, in experiment 1, 215 cows crossbreed cows (Bos indicus × Bos taurus) (Control Group, n = 109; Insulin Group, n = 106) were submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) with application of 2 mg of estradiol benzoate and a vaginal device containing progesterone on day 0. On day 9, the device was removed and 0.5 mg of estradiol cypionate was administered with 12.5 mg of dinoprost and 0.25 UI kg-1 of insulin for the treated animals. On day 11, artificial insemination (AI) was performed on all animals. On days 9 and 11 according to the protocol, was evaluated follicular growth and estrus manifestation, and 30 days after AI the pregnancy rate. In experiment 2, 85 cows were utilized, including Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, and crossbreeds (Control Group, n = 49 and Insulin Group, n = 36), and were submitted to the protocol for fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET), and progesterone concentrations were evaluated. On day 0, the cows received 2 mg of estradiol benzoate and a vaginal device containing progesterone. On day 5 of the protocol, 0.150 mg of cloprostenol was administered. On day 8, the vaginal device was removed and 20 mg of purified porcine pituitary extract and 0.25 UI kg-1 of insulin was given to the animals in the treatment group, and on day 9, 1 mg of estradiol benzoate was administered. On day 17, an embryo transfer was performed and blood collection for evaluation of progesterone levels in animals submitted to FTET were collected. In experiment 1, the follicular growth rate and the pregnancy rate were similar between groups (P > 0.05) and in experiment 2, the production of P4 was not different between the animals that received the insulin application and the control group...

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação estratégica de insulina sobre o crescimento folicular, produção de progesterona e taxa de prenhez em bovinos de corte. Foram realizados 2 experimentos, no experimento 1, 215 vacas cruzas (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) (Grupo Controle = 109; Grupo Insulina = 106) foram submetidas a um protocolo que consistiu na aplicação de 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol e inserção de um dispositivo intravaginal de liberação lenta de progesterona (P4) sendo este o dia zero do protocolo. No dia 9, foi realizada a remoção do dispositivo de P4, a aplicação de 0,5 mg de cipionato de estradiol, e 12,5 mg de dinoprost. Os animais do grupo insulina receberam ainda a aplicação de 0,25 UI kg-1 de insulina. No dia 11 foi realizada a inseminação artificial de todos os animais. Nos dias 9 e 11 de acordo com o protocolo, foi avaliado crescimento folicular e manifestação de estro, e 30 dias após IA foi avaliado a taxa de prenhez. O experimento 2 foi realizado com 85 vacas da raça Aberdeen Angus, Hereford e cruzas (Grupo Controle = 49; Grupo Insulina = 36) submetidas a um protocolo de Transferência de Embrião em Tempo Fixo (TETF). No dia 0 fez-se aplicação de 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol e a inserção de um dispositivo intravaginal de liberação lenta de progesterona. No 5º dia do protocolo foi aplicado 0,150 mg de d- Cloprostenol. No dia 8 fez-se a remoção do dispositivo de P4 e aplicação de 20 mg de foltropina de pituitária suína e de 0,25 UI kg-1 de insulina nos animais tratados e no dia 9 foi aplicado 1 mg de benzoato de estradiol. No dia 17 procedeu-se com a transferência dos embriões e coleta de sangue para avaliação dos níveis de progesterona nos animais submetidos a TETF. No experimento 1 a taxa de crescimento folicular e a taxa de prenhez foram semelhantes entre os grupos (P > 0,05) e no experimento 2 a produção de P4 não foi diferente entre os animais que receberam a aplicação de insulina e o grupo controle...

Evaluation of follicular growth and progesterone production in Bos taurus cows strategically treated with insulin / Avaliação do crescimento folicular e da produção de progesterona em vacas Bos taurus tratadas estrategicamente com insulina

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of strategic insulin administration on follicular growth, progesterone production, and pregnancy rate in beef cattle. Two experiments were conducted, in experiment 1, 215 cows crossbreed cows (Bos indicus × Bos taurus) (Control Group, n = 109; Insulin Group, n = 106) were submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) with application of 2 mg of estradiol benzoate and a vaginal device containing progesterone on day 0. On day 9, the device was removed and 0.5 mg of estradiol cypionate was administered with 12.5 mg of dinoprost and 0.25 UI kg-1 of insulin for the treated animals. On day 11, artificial insemination (AI) was performed on all animals. On days 9 and 11 according to the protocol, was evaluated follicular growth and estrus manifestation, and 30 days after AI the pregnancy rate. In experiment 2, 85 cows were utilized, including Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, and crossbreeds (Control Group, n = 49 and Insulin Group, n = 36), and were submitted to the protocol for fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET), and progesterone concentrations were evaluated. On day 0, the cows received 2 mg of estradiol benzoate and a vaginal device containing progesterone. On day 5 of the protocol, 0.150 mg of cloprostenol was administered. On day 8, the vaginal device was removed and 20 mg of purified porcine pituitary extract and 0.25 UI kg-1 of insulin was given to the animals in the treatment group, and on day 9, 1 mg of estradiol benzoate was administered. On day 17, an embryo transfer was performed and blood collection for evaluation of progesterone levels in animals submitted to FTET were collected. In experiment 1, the follicular growth rate and the pregnancy rate were similar between groups (P > 0.05) and in experiment 2, the production of P4 was not different between the animals that received the insulin application and the control group...(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação estratégica de insulina sobre o crescimento folicular, produção de progesterona e taxa de prenhez em bovinos de corte. Foram realizados 2 experimentos, no experimento 1, 215 vacas cruzas (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) (Grupo Controle = 109; Grupo Insulina = 106) foram submetidas a um protocolo que consistiu na aplicação de 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol e inserção de um dispositivo intravaginal de liberação lenta de progesterona (P4) sendo este o dia zero do protocolo. No dia 9, foi realizada a remoção do dispositivo de P4, a aplicação de 0,5 mg de cipionato de estradiol, e 12,5 mg de dinoprost. Os animais do grupo insulina receberam ainda a aplicação de 0,25 UI kg-1 de insulina. No dia 11 foi realizada a inseminação artificial de todos os animais. Nos dias 9 e 11 de acordo com o protocolo, foi avaliado crescimento folicular e manifestação de estro, e 30 dias após IA foi avaliado a taxa de prenhez. O experimento 2 foi realizado com 85 vacas da raça Aberdeen Angus, Hereford e cruzas (Grupo Controle = 49; Grupo Insulina = 36) submetidas a um protocolo de Transferência de Embrião em Tempo Fixo (TETF). No dia 0 fez-se aplicação de 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol e a inserção de um dispositivo intravaginal de liberação lenta de progesterona. No 5º dia do protocolo foi aplicado 0,150 mg de d- Cloprostenol. No dia 8 fez-se a remoção do dispositivo de P4 e aplicação de 20 mg de foltropina de pituitária suína e de 0,25 UI kg-1 de insulina nos animais tratados e no dia 9 foi aplicado 1 mg de benzoato de estradiol. No dia 17 procedeu-se com a transferência dos embriões e coleta de sangue para avaliação dos níveis de progesterona nos animais submetidos a TETF. No experimento 1 a taxa de crescimento folicular e a taxa de prenhez foram semelhantes entre os grupos (P > 0,05) e no experimento 2 a produção de P4 não foi diferente entre os animais que receberam a aplicação de insulina e o grupo controle...(AU)

Effects of the bull on conception rate of dairy cows in different seasons and according to AI type

Background: Reproductive efficiency is one of the most important factors affecting the performance dairy cattle, and fixedtime artificial insemination (TAI) is an important biotechnology factor employed in bovine livestock. The achievement of satisfactory results in TAI protocols depends of several factors, such as health and body condition, milk yield, environmental temperatures, ovulation time, semen manipulation, as well as semen quality. The goal of this study was to evaluate the conception rate of heifers and multiparous cows based on different Holstein bulls used for artificial insemination (AI). The effects of the type of management AI, animal category, and season of the year were also examined.Materials, Methods & Results: A three-year database on the reproductive management of a dairy farm was formed. All the cows and heifers were of the Holstein breed, in semi-intensive nutritional management, milked twice a day, and received a total mix ration. After 45 days in milk, when cows were observed twice daily with estrus signs, posterior artificial insemination occurred 12 h after estrus visualization was made. However, cows that were not observed in estrus were submitted to a timed artificial insemination (TAI). In this study, these fixed factors were considered: bulls utilized for the AI (totalizing 10 animals with at least 100 inseminations in each season, denoted by the letter B and a number - B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B10); the season of the insemination (spring/summer being from November to April and autumn/winter from May to October), category animal (heifers, animals that never have been calved, or multiparous, animals that have already given birth more than once), and the type of AI (which included TAI using a protocol for synchronization, but cows having not necessarily shown estrus signs at the AI; ETAI: using protocol of synchronization, cows showing estrus signs at the AI;[...]

Effects of the bull on conception rate of dairy cows in different seasons and according to AI type

Background: Reproductive efficiency is one of the most important factors affecting the performance dairy cattle, and fixedtime artificial insemination (TAI) is an important biotechnology factor employed in bovine livestock. The achievement of satisfactory results in TAI protocols depends of several factors, such as health and body condition, milk yield, environmental temperatures, ovulation time, semen manipulation, as well as semen quality. The goal of this study was to evaluate the conception rate of heifers and multiparous cows based on different Holstein bulls used for artificial insemination (AI). The effects of the type of management AI, animal category, and season of the year were also examined.Materials, Methods & Results: A three-year database on the reproductive management of a dairy farm was formed. All the cows and heifers were of the Holstein breed, in semi-intensive nutritional management, milked twice a day, and received a total mix ration. After 45 days in milk, when cows were observed twice daily with estrus signs, posterior artificial insemination occurred 12 h after estrus visualization was made. However, cows that were not observed in estrus were submitted to a timed artificial insemination (TAI). In this study, these fixed factors were considered: bulls utilized for the AI (totalizing 10 animals with at least 100 inseminations in each season, denoted by the letter B and a number - B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B10); the season of the insemination (spring/summer being from November to April and autumn/winter from May to October), category animal (heifers, animals that never have been calved, or multiparous, animals that have already given birth more than once), and the type of AI (which included TAI using a protocol for synchronization, but cows having not necessarily shown estrus signs at the AI; ETAI: using protocol of synchronization, cows showing estrus signs at the AI;[...](AU)

Performance efficiency of pasture-raised primiparous beef cows of three different biotypes and two milk production levels

Background: Productivity and efficiency of beef production systems should be estimated based on cow size, calf growthrate and cow reproduction rate, which are critical factors for the evaluation of production characteristics of beef cattle ofdifferent biological types. One of the ways to measure beef cow productivity is based on the ratio of calf weaning weightto cow weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and reproductive efficiency of primiparous beefcows of three different biotypes and two milk production levels, from calving to weaning, in pasture-raised beef systems.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-two primiparous Angus cows were classified according to body weight at calving,as follows: Heavy (431 kg); Medium (388 kg); and Light (348 kg). Cow efficiency as a function of biotype was evaluatedat two different moments: calving and weaning, based on the ratio of calf weight to cow weight*100 (in kilograms). Calfproduction efficiency was determined based on the ratio of calf weaning weight (CWW) to cow pregnancy rate (PR),resulting in the calf production index = kg of weaning calves per cow (CWW*PR/100). The experimental design was acompletely randomized factorial 3 x 2 x 2 design (three biotypes x two calf sexes x two milk production levels). The resultswere subjected to ANOVA and F-test. The Light and Medium cow groups produced more (P < 0.05) kilograms of calf perkilogram of cow (16.0 and 15.1 kg, respectively) than the Heavy group (14.0 kg). Light cows showed lower (P < 0.05) milkproduction and, as a result, lighter (P < 0.05) calves at weaning (151.9 ± 4.3 kg) than Medium and Heavy groups, 166.0± 3.7; 166.5 ± 4.0 kg, respectively. At beginning of the breeding season, cows of the Lower milk production group wereon average 27.49 kg heavier than cows in the Higher milk production group. There was an interaction (P < 0.05) betweentotal milk [...]

Performance efficiency of pasture-raised primiparous beef cows of three different biotypes and two milk production levels

Background: Productivity and efficiency of beef production systems should be estimated based on cow size, calf growthrate and cow reproduction rate, which are critical factors for the evaluation of production characteristics of beef cattle ofdifferent biological types. One of the ways to measure beef cow productivity is based on the ratio of calf weaning weightto cow weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and reproductive efficiency of primiparous beefcows of three different biotypes and two milk production levels, from calving to weaning, in pasture-raised beef systems.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-two primiparous Angus cows were classified according to body weight at calving,as follows: Heavy (431 kg); Medium (388 kg); and Light (348 kg). Cow efficiency as a function of biotype was evaluatedat two different moments: calving and weaning, based on the ratio of calf weight to cow weight*100 (in kilograms). Calfproduction efficiency was determined based on the ratio of calf weaning weight (CWW) to cow pregnancy rate (PR),resulting in the calf production index = kg of weaning calves per cow (CWW*PR/100). The experimental design was acompletely randomized factorial 3 x 2 x 2 design (three biotypes x two calf sexes x two milk production levels). The resultswere subjected to ANOVA and F-test. The Light and Medium cow groups produced more (P < 0.05) kilograms of calf perkilogram of cow (16.0 and 15.1 kg, respectively) than the Heavy group (14.0 kg). Light cows showed lower (P < 0.05) milkproduction and, as a result, lighter (P < 0.05) calves at weaning (151.9 ± 4.3 kg) than Medium and Heavy groups, 166.0± 3.7; 166.5 ± 4.0 kg, respectively. At beginning of the breeding season, cows of the Lower milk production group wereon average 27.49 kg heavier than cows in the Higher milk production group. There was an interaction (P < 0.05) betweentotal milk [...](AU)