Metabolic stress and reproductive features in post-partum goats supplemented for a long period with detoxified castor meal as the source of dietary nitrogen / Estresse metabólico e características reprodutivas em cabras pós-parto suplementadas por longo período com mamona desintoxicada como fonte de nitrogênio na dieta

This study evaluated the effect of detoxified castor meal on the reproductive performance, metabolic stress, milk production, and kid development in peripartum goats. The diet of the animals were with (DCM, n= 20) or without (WDCM, n= 21) detoxified castor meal during the entire gestation and until weaning, 60 days post-birth. No differences were observed in the gestation period, litter size, rate of multiple births, and mortality between the two groups. The postpartum plasma concentrations of progesterone remained below 1ng/mL in all animals, thus, confirming the absence of active corpora lutea. The thickness of sternum adipose tissue and loin area, levels of urea and cholesterol, milk production, and daily weight gain in the kids were low in the DCM group when compared to those in the WDCM group (P< 0.05). To conclude, the use of detoxified castor meal in peripartum goats resulted in lower level of performance in the kids because of reductions in the amount of milk received from their mothers during lactation. In addition, the diet containing detoxified castor meals was not efficient in recovering from the loss of stored body reserves able to initiate the recovery of the cyclic activity of the goats.(AU)

Este estudo avaliou o efeito da torta de mamona desintoxicada na reprodução, no estresse metabólico, na produção de leite e no desenvolvimento de cabritos no periparto de cabras. Um grupo foi alimentado com torta de mamona (DCM, n=20), e o outro (WDCM, n=21) não recebeu tal suplemento , durante a gestação até o desmame, 60 dias pós-parto. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas no período de gestação, no número de cabritos, na taxa de partos múltiplos e na mortalidade entre os dois grupos. Em todos os animais, a concentração plasmática de progesterona ficou abaixo de 1ng/mL, confirmando a ausência de atividade lútea. A espessura da gordura subcutânea do esterno e da área de olho-de-lombo, a concentração de ureia e colesterol, a produção de leite e o ganho de peso dos cabritos foram menores no grupo DCM (P<0,05). Conclui-se que o uso de torta de mamona desintoxicada no periparto de cabra resultou em cabritos mais leves devido à redução na produção de leite das matrizes e as cabras não retornaram ao cio, pois não recuperaram a massa corporal.(AU)

Metabolic stress and reproductive features in post-partum goats supplemented for a long period with detoxified castor meal as the source of dietary nitrogen / Estresse metabólico e características reprodutivas em cabras pós-parto suplementadas por longo período com mamona desintoxicada como fonte de nitrogênio na dieta

This study evaluated the effect of detoxified castor meal on the reproductive performance, metabolic stress, milk production, and kid development in peripartum goats. The diet of the animals were with (DCM, n= 20) or without (WDCM, n= 21) detoxified castor meal during the entire gestation and until weaning, 60 days post-birth. No differences were observed in the gestation period, litter size, rate of multiple births, and mortality between the two groups. The postpartum plasma concentrations of progesterone remained below 1ng/mL in all animals, thus, confirming the absence of active corpora lutea. The thickness of sternum adipose tissue and loin area, levels of urea and cholesterol, milk production, and daily weight gain in the kids were low in the DCM group when compared to those in the WDCM group (P< 0.05). To conclude, the use of detoxified castor meal in peripartum goats resulted in lower level of performance in the kids because of reductions in the amount of milk received from their mothers during lactation. In addition, the diet containing detoxified castor meals was not efficient in recovering from the loss of stored body reserves able to initiate the recovery of the cyclic activity of the goats.(AU)

Este estudo avaliou o efeito da torta de mamona desintoxicada na reprodução, no estresse metabólico, na produção de leite e no desenvolvimento de cabritos no periparto de cabras. Um grupo foi alimentado com torta de mamona (DCM, n=20), e o outro (WDCM, n=21) não recebeu tal suplemento , durante a gestação até o desmame, 60 dias pós-parto. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas no período de gestação, no número de cabritos, na taxa de partos múltiplos e na mortalidade entre os dois grupos. Em todos os animais, a concentração plasmática de progesterona ficou abaixo de 1ng/mL, confirmando a ausência de atividade lútea. A espessura da gordura subcutânea do esterno e da área de olho-de-lombo, a concentração de ureia e colesterol, a produção de leite e o ganho de peso dos cabritos foram menores no grupo DCM (P<0,05). Conclui-se que o uso de torta de mamona desintoxicada no periparto de cabra resultou em cabritos mais leves devido à redução na produção de leite das matrizes e as cabras não retornaram ao cio, pois não recuperaram a massa corporal.(AU)

Effect of oral drenching of glycerin as a source of pre-mating energetic supplementation on reproductive response in goats

The availability of glycerol has increased because of the biofuels industry, and glycerol can have a significant effect on reproductive efficiency when used as an alternative energy source in animal feeds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pre-mating oral drenching of glycerin on ovarian and fertility responses in goats. Sixty Anglonubian mixed-breed goats were submitted to estrus synchronization by CIDR-prostaglandin PGF2α treatment and mated. At CIDR removal, onset of estrus, and 24 h after estrus behavior, the animals received 150 ml of saline solution (control group, n = 20), 150 ml of glycerol (150 ml group, n = 20), or 300 ml of glycerol (300 ml group, n = 20). The administration of glycerin increased plasma glucose in the 300 ml group (P < 0.05) and the insulin concentration at 12 h after glycerin drenching in both treated groups. Goats from the 300 ml group showed a lower ovulation rate when compared to the control group (1.15 ± 0.08 vs. 0.89 ± 0.14; P < 0.05) but exhibited larger follicles at 48, 24, and 12 h prior to ovulation (P < 0.05). Administration of 300 ml of glycerol was also associated with a significant reduction in the pregnancy rate (80.00% vs. 38.89%; P < 0.05) and in pregnant animals it was associated with lower growth of embryonic vesicles (1.78 ± 0.07 mm/day vs. 1.31 ± 0.07 mm/day; P < 0.05) compared to the control treatment. Gestational losses in the 300 ml group occurred between mating and the 45th day of pregnancy. No differences were found for the reproductive parameters analyzed in the study between the 150 ml and control groups. In conclusion, the supplementation with glycerol before the mating did not appear to be a viable alternative to increase reproductive efficiency of adult does.(AU)

Effect of oral drenching of glycerin as a source of pre-mating energetic supplementation on reproductive response in goats

The availability of glycerol has increased because of the biofuels industry, and glycerol can have a significant effect on reproductive efficiency when used as an alternative energy source in animal feeds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pre-mating oral drenching of glycerin on ovarian and fertility responses in goats. Sixty Anglonubian mixed-breed goats were submitted to estrus synchronization by CIDR-prostaglandin PGF2α treatment and mated. At CIDR removal, onset of estrus, and 24 h after estrus behavior, the animals received 150 ml of saline solution (control group, n = 20), 150 ml of glycerol (150 ml group, n = 20), or 300 ml of glycerol (300 ml group, n = 20). The administration of glycerin increased plasma glucose in the 300 ml group (P < 0.05) and the insulin concentration at 12 h after glycerin drenching in both treated groups. Goats from the 300 ml group showed a lower ovulation rate when compared to the control group (1.15 ± 0.08 vs. 0.89 ± 0.14; P < 0.05) but exhibited larger follicles at 48, 24, and 12 h prior to ovulation (P < 0.05). Administration of 300 ml of glycerol was also associated with a significant reduction in the pregnancy rate (80.00% vs. 38.89%; P < 0.05) and in pregnant animals it was associated with lower growth of embryonic vesicles (1.78 ± 0.07 mm/day vs. 1.31 ± 0.07 mm/day; P < 0.05) compared to the control treatment. Gestational losses in the 300 ml group occurred between mating and the 45th day of pregnancy. No differences were found for the reproductive parameters analyzed in the study between the 150 ml and control groups. In conclusion, the supplementation with glycerol before the mating did not appear to be a viable alternative to increase reproductive efficiency of adult does.

Expressão gênica de adipocinas em ovelhas alimentadas com resíduos da indústria do biodiesel da mamona / Adipokine gene expression in ewes fed with residues from the biodiesel castor industry

A expressão de RNAm para leptina, receptor de leptina (obRb), adiponectina, receptor de adiponectina (AdipoR1) e resistina foi avaliada por meio da técnica de PCR em tempo real, em tecidos ovariano, hipofisário, adiposo do omento e da região perirrenal, em ovelhas alimentadas sem farelo de mamona ou com farelo de mamona detoxificada durante 14 meses. O tipo de dieta não afetou os níveis de RNAm para leptina, obRb, adiponectina, AdipoR1 e resistina nos diferentes tecidos avaliados (P>0,05). Nos tecidos ovariano e hipofisário, não foi verificada a expressão da adiponecina e da resistina, respectivamente. Como consequência, pode-se concluir que o farelo de mamona detoxificada pode ser utilizado como fonte proteica na dieta de ovelhas, sem afetar a expressão do gene resistina e dos genes leptina e adiponectina, bem como de seus receptores.(AU)

The expression of leptin, leptin receptor (obRb), adiponectin, adiponectin receptor (AdipoR1) and resistin was assessed by real-time PCR technique in ovarian, pituitary, and the omental adipose perirenal tissue in sheep feed without castor meal or with detoxified castor meal. The type of diet did not affect mRNA levels for leptin, obRb, adiponectin, resistin AdipoR1 evaluated in different tissues (P>0.05). However, in pituitary and ovarian tissues there was no expression of resistin and adiponectin, respectively. The detoxified castor meal can be used in sheep diets as alternative food protein without affecting the expression of leptin and adponectin as well as their receptors and resistin.(AU)