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1.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 53(8): e20220068, 2023. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1418170

Resumo

Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a multifactorial allergic disease associated with immune dysfunction and abnormal skin barrier. Several immunological mediators play a role in its pathogenesis. Such molecules are produced by the activation of T helper lymphocytes (Th) through polarization to Th1 and/or Th2, which contributes to different lesion patterns. Acute lesions are mediated by an activation of the Th2 cytokine axis, which clinically induces erythema and pruritus. Conversely, in chronic injuries a mixed immune response of Th1/Th2 cytokines occurs, leading to hyperpigmented and lichenified skin. The clinical understanding of these patterns and the mode of action of immunomodulators are crucial for the best clinical management of the atopic patient. In this context, this review discussed the role of the immune response and the immunomodulatory drugs in dogs with atopic dermatitis and suggested a therapeutic protocol based on clinical phenotype. Based on the evidences showed in this review, it is considered appropriate to use immunomodulatory drugs that target cytokine spectrum related with the clinical phenotype of cAD.


A dermatite atópica canina (DAC) é uma doença alérgica multifatorial associada à disfunção imune e barreira cutânea anormal. Vários mediadores imunológicos desempenham um papel na sua patogênese. Tais moléculas são produzidas pela ativação de linfócitos T auxiliares (Th) por meio da polarização para Th1 e/ou Th2, o que contribui para diferentes padrões de lesão. Lesões agudas são mediadas pela ativação do eixo de citocinas Th2, que clinicamente induz eritema e prurido. Por outro lado, nas lesões crônicas ocorre uma resposta imune mista de citocinas Th1/Th2, levando à pele hiperpigmentada e liquenificada. O entendimento clínico desses padrões e o modo de ação dos imunomoduladores são cruciais para o melhor manejo clínico do paciente atópico. Esta revisão visa discutir o papel da resposta imune e das drogas imunomoduladoras em cães com dermatite atópica e sugerir um protocolo terapêutico baseado no fenótipo clínico. Baseado nas evidências apresentadas nessa revisão, é considerado apropriado utilizar drogas imunomoduladoras que abrangem o espectro de citocinas relacionadas ao fenótipo clínico da DAC.


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Dermatite Atópica/veterinária , Doenças do Cão , Fatores Imunológicos
2.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 32(4): 181-187, out.-dez. 2022. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1434911

Resumo

A Síndrome Vestibular é um distúrbio frequente na neurologia felina que é caracterizado como um conjunto de sinais neurológicos, causados por uma disfunção de qualquer parte do sistema vestibular. Este é dividido nos componentes periférico e central e o exame neurológico é essencial para localizar a origem da lesão. A Síndrome Vestibular Periférica pode ser causada por anomalias congênitas, neoplasias, traumas, pólipos e doenças inflamatórias; sendo a otite média/interna uma das principais etiopatogenias em cães e gatos. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um relato de caso de um felino, fêmea, sem raça definida, de sete meses de idade, apresentando Síndrome Vestibular secundária à otite média. O animal deu entrada na clínica com sinais neurológicos súbitos, apresentando nistagmo e incoordenação motora, bem como secreção nasal unilateral. Foram solicitados exames hematológicos e bioquímicos, ultrassonografia abdominal e radiografia de crânio, além de recomendada a internação. Nos exames bioquímicos, os valores de bilirrubina total e frações estavam acima do valor de referência e a relação albumina/globulina estava diminuída. O exame radiográfico confirmou a suspeita de otite média. O tratamento foi realizado com marbofloxacino e gabapentina. Após o tratamento, o animal apresentou melhora significativa do quadro clínico. Baseado no exposto, conclui-se que a Síndrome Vestibular secundária à alteração otológica é um quadro presente na rotina veterinária, sendo importante a associação de exame clínico e exames complementares para que seja possível chegar ao diagnóstico.


Vestibular syndrome is a frequent disorder in feline neurology that is characterized as a set of neurological signs caused by a dysfunction of any part of the vestibular system. The vestibular system is divided into peripheral and central components, and a neurological examination is essential to locate the origin of the lesion. The peripheral vestibular syndrome can be caused by congenital anomalies, neoplasms, trauma, polyps, and inflammatory diseases, with otitis media/internal being one of the main etiologies in dogs and cats. Thus, the present work aims to present a case report of a feline, female, mixed breed, seven months old, with secondary vestibular syndrome to otitis media. The animal was admitted to the clinic with sudden neurological signs, presenting nystagmus and motor incoordination, as well as unilateral nasal secretion. Hematological and biochemical tests, abdominal ultrasound, and skull radiography were requested, and hospitalization was recommended. In the biochemical tests, the values of total bilirubin and fractions were above the reference value and the albumin/globulin ratio was decreased. The radiographic examination confirmed the suspicion of otitis media. The treatment was performed with marbofloxacin and gabapentin. After treatment, the animal showed a significant improvement in clinical condition. Therefore, it is concluded that secondary vestibular syndrome to otologic alteration is a condition present in the veterinary routine, and the association of clinical examination and complementary exams is important so that it is possible to reach the diagnosis.


Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Otite Média/veterinária , Doenças do Gato , Doenças Vestibulares/veterinária , Sistema Vestibular/patologia
3.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 49(supl.1): Pub. 687, 2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1363214

Resumo

Background: Canine vector borne diseases (CVBD) are common in tropical countries where the climate favors arthropods abundance. Comorbidity with one or more CVBD are reported as clinical complication and worsen prognostic. Canine visceral leishmaniosis (CanL) is an endemic zoonotic disease in Brazil caused by Leishmania infantum, with several restrictions to canine treatment and suggestion of reservoirs euthanasia for disease control. Heartworm (HW) is a helminthic disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs. It is a chronic heart disease, which can lead to death by congestive heart failure. Canine ehrlichiosis (CE) is caused by Ehrlichia canis bacterial infection with a zoonotic potential and fatal to dogs in acute and chronic presentations. Exposed the above, this study aims to describe a successful treatment and management of a dog with CanL, CE, and HW comorbidity. Case: A 3-year-old male uncastrated black Labrador dog, weighing 35 kg, was admitted to the veterinary clinic due to immunochromatographic CanL positive test performed by municipal zoonosis control center active surveillance. Clinical exam showed a mild shedding, intermittent eye white/yellow discharge and popliteal lymph nodes enlargement. After positive for CanL, veterinary requested more laboratorial exams. IFAT and ELISA were positive for CanL, blood smear showed presence of microfilaria, and bone marrow cytology showed Ehrlichia spp. morulae and microfilaria. Initial treatment prescribed was oral doxycycline, omeprazole, ranitidine, and domperidone for 30 days, and allopurinol and ivermectin until further recommendation. Additionally, repellent collar, repellent spray and vitamin supplement was indicated. After first month, marbofloxacin for 30 days and three doses of immunostimulant drug were administrated. After three months of treatment, dog still positive for heartworm, ehrlichiosis, and CanL. Doxycycline protocol was repeated. Dog became consistently negative for all pathogens one year later with persistent thrombocytopenia but without clinical signs, ergo allopurinol and ivermectin were discontinued. After 4 years of follow up, the animal had an acute pancreatitis and died, with unremarkable total blood count and negative for all pathogens. Discussion: CVBD coinfections are commonly reported as worsen prognostic in endemic regions. The pathogens reported here share a host immunomodulation competence. L. infantum and Ehrlichia spp. downregulates Th1 response, whereas D. immitis increase as Th2 profile. The therapeutic protocol was iniciated by staging CanL. Since the patient had clinical signs, allopurinol was prescribed as a well-established drug for CanL. Marbofloxacin was added due to its high safety drug in clinical improvement of infected dogs with and without renal disease and in vitro effectiveness against L. infantum. Domperidone was used to promote Th1 cytokine profile as INF-γ, IL-2, IL-12, and TNF-α. We used an immunostimulant protocol to favor polarization to the Th1 profile comprised by 30 days of domperidone protocol followed by a vaccine and an immunomodulator. Doxycycline was used successfully for Ehrlichia spp. and HE clearance after 2 treatment courses and 1 year of ivermectin every 15 days. The animal presented intermittent coughing episodes on the first treatment course, but no medical intervention was needed besides exercise restriction. Our report shows the successful management of one dog with CanL, CE and HE comorbidity. This success was possible due to early detection and good therapeutic choice.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Ehrlichiose/terapia , Ehrlichiose/veterinária , Dirofilariose/terapia , Coinfecção/veterinária , Leishmaniose Visceral/terapia , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Leishmania infantum/isolamento & purificação , Ehrlichia canis/isolamento & purificação , Dirofilaria immitis/isolamento & purificação , Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores/veterinária
4.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 49: Pub.1782-2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1458421

Resumo

Background: Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic and inflammatory disease present in veterinary dermatologicalpractice. The inflammation in CAD is triggered by environmental allergens and skin microorganisms, which are responsiblefor the worsening of cutaneous lesions. This continuous activation of skin inflammatory process can induce the productionof free radicals that also contribute to cellular damage and ultimately leads to changes in blood parameters in dogs withCAD. Although there are reports of inflammatory parameters in CAD, there are a lack of studies correlating skin lesions,blood leukocytes and oxidative stress. Based on that, this study aimed to evaluate the integumentary and systemic inflammatory response in dogs with atopic dermatitis.Materials, Methods & Results: Dogs with confirmed diagnosis of canine atopic dermatitis (n = 10) were divided in twogroups according to CADESI-IV: AI, with CADESI between 0-10, AII, with CADESI between 10-34, and control group (n= 5). Blood-biochemical and histological analysis were performed to access systemic and cutaneous inflammatory response.AII group tended to higher neutrophil and eosinophil counts, as well as neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) when comparedto AI. The albumin was lower in AII compared to AI and control (P < 0.05), while total bilirubin and malondialdehyde(MDA) did not differ between groups. NLR (r = 0.64 and P = 0.04) and MDA (r = 0.54 and P = 0.1) were positively correlated with CADESI, while albumin was negatively correlated with CADESI (r = -0.79 and P = 0.005). Histopathologicalanalysis revealed a larger number of neutrophils, macrophages and mast cells in AI and AII than in control group (P < 0.05).Discussion: In this study it was possible to evaluate the systemic and cutaneous leukocyte dynamics in CAD. Skin inflammation induces the production of chemotactic molecules contribute to neutrophil outflow from blood vessel toward the...


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Cães , Dermatite Atópica/veterinária , Biomarcadores , Biópsia/veterinária , Estresse Oxidativo , Leucócitos
5.
Acta sci. vet. (Online) ; 49: Pub. 1782, Jan. 18, 2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-29816

Resumo

Background: Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic and inflammatory disease present in veterinary dermatologicalpractice. The inflammation in CAD is triggered by environmental allergens and skin microorganisms, which are responsiblefor the worsening of cutaneous lesions. This continuous activation of skin inflammatory process can induce the productionof free radicals that also contribute to cellular damage and ultimately leads to changes in blood parameters in dogs withCAD. Although there are reports of inflammatory parameters in CAD, there are a lack of studies correlating skin lesions,blood leukocytes and oxidative stress. Based on that, this study aimed to evaluate the integumentary and systemic inflammatory response in dogs with atopic dermatitis.Materials, Methods & Results: Dogs with confirmed diagnosis of canine atopic dermatitis (n = 10) were divided in twogroups according to CADESI-IV: AI, with CADESI between 0-10, AII, with CADESI between 10-34, and control group (n= 5). Blood-biochemical and histological analysis were performed to access systemic and cutaneous inflammatory response.AII group tended to higher neutrophil and eosinophil counts, as well as neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) when comparedto AI. The albumin was lower in AII compared to AI and control (P < 0.05), while total bilirubin and malondialdehyde(MDA) did not differ between groups. NLR (r = 0.64 and P = 0.04) and MDA (r = 0.54 and P = 0.1) were positively correlated with CADESI, while albumin was negatively correlated with CADESI (r = -0.79 and P = 0.005). Histopathologicalanalysis revealed a larger number of neutrophils, macrophages and mast cells in AI and AII than in control group (P < 0.05).Discussion: In this study it was possible to evaluate the systemic and cutaneous leukocyte dynamics in CAD. Skin inflammation induces the production of chemotactic molecules contribute to neutrophil outflow from blood vessel toward the...(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Dermatite Atópica/veterinária , Cães , Biomarcadores , Estresse Oxidativo , Leucócitos , Biópsia/veterinária
6.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 49: Pub. 1817, 2021. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1363858

Resumo

Canine Leishmaniasis (CanL) is a multisystemic and chronic inflammatory disease characterized by nonspecific clinical manifestations. In CanL, inflammatory cells and chemical mediators released in response to the parasite play a role in disease development and progression. Alterations on hematological parameters have been documented in CanL. These changes can also be assessed in relation to systemic inflammation caused by this disease. The circulating leukocyte counting, such as neutrophils, as well as the albumin level, are considered direct indicators of an inflammatory host environment. Several studies point to the use of biomarkers on the assistance in diagnosis and prognosis of several canine pathologies. The present study investigated the Neutrophils to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Albumin to Globulin Ratio (AGR), and Neutrophils to Albumin Ratio (NAR) on systemic inflammatory response induced by Canine Leishmaniasis (CanL). For this purpose, adult dogs with confirmed diagnosis to CanL were divided into symptomatic (SD, n = 33) and asymptomatic (AD, n = 20) dogs for L. infantum and control dogs (CD, n = 20). Routine hematological and biochemical parameters were determined in blood samples using a veterinary automatic hematology and biochemical analyzers. Asymptomatic dogs (AD) had a higher number of white blood cells and neutrophils (16.48 ± 4.93; 13.41 ± 3.60, respectively) in relation to symptomatic dogs (SD) (13.54 ± 5.13; 10.42 ± 3.69, respectively) (P = 0.015 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Neutrophils to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) was higher in dogs with leishmaniasis (9.45 ± 3.76) than in healthy dogs (3.39 ± 1.19) (P < 0.0001). Serum total proteins (STP) and globulins increased in CanL, while albumin and AGR decreased in CanL, when compared to CD and references values to canine species. Neutrophils to Albumin Ratio (NAR) was higher in AD and SD (5.02 ± 1.14; 4.79 ± 1.07, respectively) when compared to CD (2.36 ± 0.55) (P < 0.0001). As reported in scientific researches, dogs with Leishmaniasis present alterations in circulating cell counts. Based on these data, we decided to expand this information using the NLR as a parameter in an attempt to better clarify the changes in these cells in CanL. We observed that NLR was increased on CanL in relation to healthy dogs, which could be a consequence of relative neutrophilia rather than lymphopenia. Neutrophils to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is a biomarker that conveys information about inflammatory conditions. An elevated NLR can reflect an upregulated innate immune response, since neutrophils are effector cells of innate immunity and are involved in several acute and chronic inflammatory processes. Albumin is an acute phase protein that is considered an immune-inflammatory biomarker, which can be found reduced systemically in progressive inflammatory response. Serum total proteins (STP) and globulins were increased in CanL. These data are already well documented in CanL, which serum globulins are mainly associated with the increase of acute phase proteins, cytokines, and increase of specific antibodies to Leishmania infantum. Our results showed neutrophilia with hypoalbuminemia in CanL. So, in an attempt to assess the relationship of these two available markers, we used NAR calculation in order to evaluate the changes induced by CanL. In this study NAR was higher in CanL when compared to control dogs. Thus, our data indicate that NLR and NAR could be used as biomarkers in veterinary medical clinics in order to assess inflammatory profile in CanL, mainly in asymptomatic dogs. These parameters obtained from routine blood tests might be useful as cost-effective, easily accessible and helpful markers in order to distinguish the inflammatory response intensity in CanL.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Biomarcadores/sangue , Leishmaniose/veterinária , Leishmania infantum , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Doenças do Cão/sangue , Testes Hematológicos/veterinária , Cães , Doenças Negligenciadas/veterinária
7.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 48(suppl.1): Pub.589-4 jan. 2020. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1458416

Resumo

Background: The pemphigus complex is defined as a group of blistering autoimmune diseases that affects skin and mucous membrane. Pemphigus foliaceous is the most common disease in this group, being characterized by the productionof autoantibodies against keratinocyte adhesion molecules. The treatment is based on the use of immunosuppressive drugsand requires constant monitoring to assess inflammatory control as well as side effects of therapy. Based on that, the aimof this study was to report the clinical and laboratorial follow-up of a canine with pemphigus foliaceous.Case: An 11-year-old male neutered mongrel dog, weighing 9.8 kg, was presented with a main complaint related to disseminated pruritus and lesions in face, trunk and limbs. Dermatological examination revealed meliceric crusts, epidermalcollars and diffuse pustules in inguinal, abdominal, face, limbs, ears and thoraco-lumbar regions. Cytological examinationwas performed, revealing inflammatory and acantholytic cells and absence of bacterial cells. Biopsy procedure revealedsubcorneal pustule with presence of epithelial acantholytic cells and neutrophils, compatible with canine pemphigusfoliaceous. Hemato-biochemical analysis revealed a leukocytosis due to increased neutrophil count. Systemic treatmentwith high dose of prednisolone (2.0 mg/kg) and azathioprine (2.5 mg/kg) was proposed, while topical therapy with a 3%chlorhexidine shampoo was used to prevent secondary bacterial infections. The patient improved the dermatological clinicalsigns, being possible to observe a reduction of systemic and tissue inflammatory process. After 90 days of therapy, therewas a partial loss of hair body coverage, associated with follicular lesions, and after 180 days of therapy it was possibleto notice a new hair mantle, without visible areas of inflammation...


Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Cães , Biomarcadores , Doenças Autoimunes/veterinária , Pênfigo/tratamento farmacológico , Pênfigo/veterinária , Queratinócitos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico
8.
Acta sci. vet. (Online) ; 48(suppl.1): Pub. 589, Dec. 31, 2020. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-26751

Resumo

Background: The pemphigus complex is defined as a group of blistering autoimmune diseases that affects skin and mucous membrane. Pemphigus foliaceous is the most common disease in this group, being characterized by the productionof autoantibodies against keratinocyte adhesion molecules. The treatment is based on the use of immunosuppressive drugsand requires constant monitoring to assess inflammatory control as well as side effects of therapy. Based on that, the aimof this study was to report the clinical and laboratorial follow-up of a canine with pemphigus foliaceous.Case: An 11-year-old male neutered mongrel dog, weighing 9.8 kg, was presented with a main complaint related to disseminated pruritus and lesions in face, trunk and limbs. Dermatological examination revealed meliceric crusts, epidermalcollars and diffuse pustules in inguinal, abdominal, face, limbs, ears and thoraco-lumbar regions. Cytological examinationwas performed, revealing inflammatory and acantholytic cells and absence of bacterial cells. Biopsy procedure revealedsubcorneal pustule with presence of epithelial acantholytic cells and neutrophils, compatible with canine pemphigusfoliaceous. Hemato-biochemical analysis revealed a leukocytosis due to increased neutrophil count. Systemic treatmentwith high dose of prednisolone (2.0 mg/kg) and azathioprine (2.5 mg/kg) was proposed, while topical therapy with a 3%chlorhexidine shampoo was used to prevent secondary bacterial infections. The patient improved the dermatological clinicalsigns, being possible to observe a reduction of systemic and tissue inflammatory process. After 90 days of therapy, therewas a partial loss of hair body coverage, associated with follicular lesions, and after 180 days of therapy it was possibleto notice a new hair mantle, without visible areas of inflammation...(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Pênfigo/tratamento farmacológico , Pênfigo/veterinária , Queratinócitos , Doenças Autoimunes/veterinária , Biomarcadores , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico
9.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 30(2): 138-144, 2020. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472628

Resumo

A alopecia X é uma dermatopatia hormonal que afeta principalmente raças nórdicas e tem como características a ocorrência de alopecia não inflamatória bilateral e simétrica, melanodérmica. Ela não afeta a região distal dos membros e cabeça, acometendo, sobretudo, a região cervical, dorsal e perianal. O diagnóstico é baseado nos sinais clínicos que o animal apresenta, na exclusão de dermatopatias endócrinas como hiperadrenocorticismo e hipotireoidismo, em exames laboratoriais e em biopsia cutânea. O tratamento consiste na castração, melatonina, trilostano e/ou hormônio do crescimento. Recentemente, o microagulhamento tem sido uma alternativa viável em pacientes com alopecia X. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar o uso da técnica de microagulhamento em cães com alopecia X. Foram acompanhados dois cães, machos, da raça Spitz Alemão, com 2 e 5 anos de idade respectivamente, com um quadro alopécico e melanodermia na região de dorso e flanco e região cervical, caudal e perianal há mais de 2 anos. Depois de caracterizados como pacientes alopécicos X, os animais foram conduzidos à técnica de microagulhamento, exibindo repilação nas áreas alopécicas. Conclui-se dessa forma que o microagulhamento é uma técnica promissora para o tratamento da alopecia X.


Alopecia X is a hormonal dermatopathy that affects mainly Nordic breeds and has as its characteristics the occurrence of bilateral and symmetrical, melanodermic non-inflammatory alopecia. It does not affect the distal region of the limbs and head, mainly affecting the cervical, dorsal and perianal regions. The diagnosis is based on the clinical signs that the animal presents in the exclusion of endocrine dermatopathies such as hyperadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism, in laboratory tests and in cutaneous biopsy. Treatment consists of castration, melatonin, trilostan and/or growth hormone. Recently, microneedling has been a viable alternative in patients with alopecia X. The present work aimed to report the use of the microneedling technique in dogs with alopecia X. Two male German Spitz dogs, 2 and 5 years old respectively, with alopecia and melanodermia in the dorsum and flank region and cervical, caudal and perianal region for more than 2 years were followed. After being characterized as alopecia X patients, the animals were conducted to the microneedling technique, exhibiting repopulation in the alopecia areas. The conclusion is that microneedling is a promising technique for the treatment of alopecia X.


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Agulhas/veterinária , Alopecia/terapia , Alopecia/veterinária , Dermatopatias/veterinária , Doenças do Cão
10.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 30(2): 138-144, 2020. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-29910

Resumo

A alopecia X é uma dermatopatia hormonal que afeta principalmente raças nórdicas e tem como características a ocorrência de alopecia não inflamatória bilateral e simétrica, melanodérmica. Ela não afeta a região distal dos membros e cabeça, acometendo, sobretudo, a região cervical, dorsal e perianal. O diagnóstico é baseado nos sinais clínicos que o animal apresenta, na exclusão de dermatopatias endócrinas como hiperadrenocorticismo e hipotireoidismo, em exames laboratoriais e em biopsia cutânea. O tratamento consiste na castração, melatonina, trilostano e/ou hormônio do crescimento. Recentemente, o microagulhamento tem sido uma alternativa viável em pacientes com alopecia X. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar o uso da técnica de microagulhamento em cães com alopecia X. Foram acompanhados dois cães, machos, da raça Spitz Alemão, com 2 e 5 anos de idade respectivamente, com um quadro alopécico e melanodermia na região de dorso e flanco e região cervical, caudal e perianal há mais de 2 anos. Depois de caracterizados como pacientes alopécicos X, os animais foram conduzidos à técnica de microagulhamento, exibindo repilação nas áreas alopécicas. Conclui-se dessa forma que o microagulhamento é uma técnica promissora para o tratamento da alopecia X.(AU)


Alopecia X is a hormonal dermatopathy that affects mainly Nordic breeds and has as its characteristics the occurrence of bilateral and symmetrical, melanodermic non-inflammatory alopecia. It does not affect the distal region of the limbs and head, mainly affecting the cervical, dorsal and perianal regions. The diagnosis is based on the clinical signs that the animal presents in the exclusion of endocrine dermatopathies such as hyperadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism, in laboratory tests and in cutaneous biopsy. Treatment consists of castration, melatonin, trilostan and/or growth hormone. Recently, microneedling has been a viable alternative in patients with alopecia X. The present work aimed to report the use of the microneedling technique in dogs with alopecia X. Two male German Spitz dogs, 2 and 5 years old respectively, with alopecia and melanodermia in the dorsum and flank region and cervical, caudal and perianal region for more than 2 years were followed. After being characterized as alopecia X patients, the animals were conducted to the microneedling technique, exhibiting repopulation in the alopecia areas. The conclusion is that microneedling is a promising technique for the treatment of alopecia X.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Doenças do Cão , Alopecia/terapia , Alopecia/veterinária , Dermatopatias/veterinária , Agulhas/veterinária
11.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 29(3): 155-162, 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472519

Resumo

As farmacodermias podem ser definidas como reações adversas em pele, mucosas e anexos, tendo, por vezes, caráter imunomediado. O diagnóstico baseia-se na avaliação clínico-laboratorial do paciente, envolvendo uma pesquisa acerca de fatores relacionados ao uso do fármaco e seus efeitos adversos. Na medicina veterinária, são escassos os relatos de reações farmacodérmicas. Logo, o objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar uma reação adversa após terapia otológica em cão. Foi atendido um paciente canino, fêmea, 02 anos de idade, com histórico de prurido auricular bilateral com evolução de três semanas. Na ocasião, foi realizado exame citológico auricular, evidenciando presença de elevada quantidade de células leveduriformes e cocos, além de células descamativas. Optou-se, então, por terapia à base de solução otológica composta por Gentamicina, Clotrimazol, Betametasona e Benzocaína. O quadro clínico evoluiu de forma satisfatória até o décimo dia de tratamento, quando a paciente apresentou intenso eritema e secreção melicérica bilateralmente. Repetiu-se o exame citológico, assim como realizou-se cultura de bactérias aeróbicas, sendo evidenciado em tais exames um infiltrado inflamatório piogranulomatoso, com pouca presença de conteúdo bacteriano e fúngico, corroborando com os achados da cultura bacteriana. Diante da suspeita de farmacodermia, procedeu-se com a troca de todos os compostos terapêuticos, tendo a paciente evoluído de forma satisfatória até o término do tratamento. Por tratar-se ainda de uma solução otológica composta, não se pode atribuir a causa da reação a especificamente um dos compostos. Contudo, reforça-se a necessidade de conscientização do médico veterinário acerca da identificação e adequada intervenção nas reações adversas medicamentosas, assim como espera-se sua contribuição científica na difusão dessas informações.


Pharmacodermia can be defined as adverse reactions in skin, mucous membranes and appendages, sometimes having immunomediated character. The diagnosis is based on the patient clinical-laboratorial evaluation, involving a research about factors related to the drug use and its adverse effects. In veterinary medicine, reports of pharmacodermic reactions are scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to report an adverse reaction after otologic therapy in dogs. A 2-year-old female canine patient with a history of bilateral auricular pruritus with a three-week course was attended. At the time, auricular cytology was performed, evidencing the presence of high numbers of yeast cells and cocci, as well as desquamative cells. It was then opted for otologic solution composed of Gentamicin, Clotrimazole, Betamethasone and Benzocaine. The clinical presentation progressed satisfactorily until the tenth day of treatment, when the patient presented intense erythema and meliceric secretion. Cytological examination was repeated, as well as culture of aerobic bacteria. A piogranulomatous inflammatory infiltrate with low bacterial and fungal content was evidenced in these examinations, corroborating with the findings of the bacterial culture. Faced with the suspicion of pharmacodermia, all therapeutic compounds were exchanged, and the patient progressed satisfactorily until the end of the treatment. Because it is still a composed otological solution, the cause of the reaction cannot be attributed to specifically one of the compounds. However, there is a need to raise the awareness of the veterinarian about the identification and appropriate intervention in adverse drug reactions, as well as his scientific contribution to the dissemination of this information.


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Fármacos Dermatológicos/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Otite Externa/terapia , Otite Externa/veterinária , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Imunotoxinas
12.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 47(suppl.1): Pub.429-2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1458193

Resumo

Background: Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, which generates morphofunctional alterations in cutaneous barrier, inducing autoimmune diseases, such as pemphigus foliaceous, which is known asthe most common autoimmune skin disease in dogs. This disease involves autoantibodies against desmoglein and desmocolinmolecules, being induced by the use of certain drugs. Mupirocin (pseudomonic acid A) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic withbacteriostatic activity, being effective against Gram-positive pathogens and used to control superficial bacterial folliculitis.Based on that, the aim of this study was to report a pemphigus-like lesions after topical use of mupirocin in dog.Case: An 1-year-old, uncastrated male, Poodle dog, weighing 13.8 kg was treated in a private clinic in Fortaleza. The maincomplaint was related to pruritus in abdominal and inguinal region, in addition of legs licking. Dermatological examination revealed melanic crusts, epidermal collars and diffuse pustules in inguinal, abdominal, perianal and thoraco-lumbarregions. The therapy was based on topical use of Mupirocin in form of 0.2% aquous spray. After drug administration, theanimal presented urticaria, diffuse epidermal collars, papulo-crusted and pustular lesions, which were more evident inabdominal and inguinal region. Nasal erythema, binocular blepharitis, apathy and fever were also observed. Cytologicalexamination and bacterial culture were performed, revealing inflammatory and acantholytic cells and no bacterial growth.Biopsy procedure revealed subcorneal pustule with presence of epithelial acantholytic cells and neutrophils, compatiblewith canine pemphigus foliaceous. The topical treatment of ocular lesions with 0.1% Tacrolimus associated with systemictreatment with high dose of prednisolone (1.2 mg kg-1)...


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Toxidermias/terapia , Toxidermias/veterinária , Mupirocina/efeitos adversos , Pênfigo/etiologia , Pênfigo/veterinária , Doenças Autoimunes/veterinária
13.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 29(3): 155-162, 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-25769

Resumo

As farmacodermias podem ser definidas como reações adversas em pele, mucosas e anexos, tendo, por vezes, caráter imunomediado. O diagnóstico baseia-se na avaliação clínico-laboratorial do paciente, envolvendo uma pesquisa acerca de fatores relacionados ao uso do fármaco e seus efeitos adversos. Na medicina veterinária, são escassos os relatos de reações farmacodérmicas. Logo, o objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar uma reação adversa após terapia otológica em cão. Foi atendido um paciente canino, fêmea, 02 anos de idade, com histórico de prurido auricular bilateral com evolução de três semanas. Na ocasião, foi realizado exame citológico auricular, evidenciando presença de elevada quantidade de células leveduriformes e cocos, além de células descamativas. Optou-se, então, por terapia à base de solução otológica composta por Gentamicina, Clotrimazol, Betametasona e Benzocaína. O quadro clínico evoluiu de forma satisfatória até o décimo dia de tratamento, quando a paciente apresentou intenso eritema e secreção melicérica bilateralmente. Repetiu-se o exame citológico, assim como realizou-se cultura de bactérias aeróbicas, sendo evidenciado em tais exames um infiltrado inflamatório piogranulomatoso, com pouca presença de conteúdo bacteriano e fúngico, corroborando com os achados da cultura bacteriana. Diante da suspeita de farmacodermia, procedeu-se com a troca de todos os compostos terapêuticos, tendo a paciente evoluído de forma satisfatória até o término do tratamento. Por tratar-se ainda de uma solução otológica composta, não se pode atribuir a causa da reação a especificamente um dos compostos. Contudo, reforça-se a necessidade de conscientização do médico veterinário acerca da identificação e adequada intervenção nas reações adversas medicamentosas, assim como espera-se sua contribuição científica na difusão dessas informações.(AU)


Pharmacodermia can be defined as adverse reactions in skin, mucous membranes and appendages, sometimes having immunomediated character. The diagnosis is based on the patient clinical-laboratorial evaluation, involving a research about factors related to the drug use and its adverse effects. In veterinary medicine, reports of pharmacodermic reactions are scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to report an adverse reaction after otologic therapy in dogs. A 2-year-old female canine patient with a history of bilateral auricular pruritus with a three-week course was attended. At the time, auricular cytology was performed, evidencing the presence of high numbers of yeast cells and cocci, as well as desquamative cells. It was then opted for otologic solution composed of Gentamicin, Clotrimazole, Betamethasone and Benzocaine. The clinical presentation progressed satisfactorily until the tenth day of treatment, when the patient presented intense erythema and meliceric secretion. Cytological examination was repeated, as well as culture of aerobic bacteria. A piogranulomatous inflammatory infiltrate with low bacterial and fungal content was evidenced in these examinations, corroborating with the findings of the bacterial culture. Faced with the suspicion of pharmacodermia, all therapeutic compounds were exchanged, and the patient progressed satisfactorily until the end of the treatment. Because it is still a composed otological solution, the cause of the reaction cannot be attributed to specifically one of the compounds. However, there is a need to raise the awareness of the veterinarian about the identification and appropriate intervention in adverse drug reactions, as well as his scientific contribution to the dissemination of this information. (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Otite Externa/terapia , Otite Externa/veterinária , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Dermatológicos/efeitos adversos , Imunotoxinas , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/veterinária
14.
Acta sci. vet. (Online) ; 47(suppl.1): Pub. 429, Oct. 14, 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-25728

Resumo

Background: Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, which generates morphofunctional alterations in cutaneous barrier, inducing autoimmune diseases, such as pemphigus foliaceous, which is known asthe most common autoimmune skin disease in dogs. This disease involves autoantibodies against desmoglein and desmocolinmolecules, being induced by the use of certain drugs. Mupirocin (pseudomonic acid A) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic withbacteriostatic activity, being effective against Gram-positive pathogens and used to control superficial bacterial folliculitis.Based on that, the aim of this study was to report a pemphigus-like lesions after topical use of mupirocin in dog.Case: An 1-year-old, uncastrated male, Poodle dog, weighing 13.8 kg was treated in a private clinic in Fortaleza. The maincomplaint was related to pruritus in abdominal and inguinal region, in addition of legs licking. Dermatological examination revealed melanic crusts, epidermal collars and diffuse pustules in inguinal, abdominal, perianal and thoraco-lumbarregions. The therapy was based on topical use of Mupirocin in form of 0.2% aquous spray. After drug administration, theanimal presented urticaria, diffuse epidermal collars, papulo-crusted and pustular lesions, which were more evident inabdominal and inguinal region. Nasal erythema, binocular blepharitis, apathy and fever were also observed. Cytologicalexamination and bacterial culture were performed, revealing inflammatory and acantholytic cells and no bacterial growth.Biopsy procedure revealed subcorneal pustule with presence of epithelial acantholytic cells and neutrophils, compatiblewith canine pemphigus foliaceous. The topical treatment of ocular lesions with 0.1% Tacrolimus associated with systemictreatment with high dose of prednisolone (1.2 mg kg-1)...(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Mupirocina/efeitos adversos , Pênfigo/etiologia , Pênfigo/veterinária , Toxidermias/terapia , Toxidermias/veterinária , Doenças Autoimunes/veterinária
15.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 28(2,supl.2): 1-3, 2018. tab
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-19450

Resumo

The immunization process is an important practice in the veterinary clinical routine, being dependent on the immune system and influenced by several factors, such as the presence of ectoparasites. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the pre-vaccination leukocyte parameters in puppies with ticks. A retrospective study was carried out through the evaluation of clinical files and hematological data of 30 clinically healthy puppies divided into two groups, G1 (n=15) composed of animals without ticks and G2 (n=15) by dogs with ticks. The G2 group had significant changes in total leukocytes and neutrophils. Therefore, it was concluded that the presence of ticks induced leukocyte alterations in dogs submitted to pre-vaccine clinical evaluation.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Recém-Nascido , Cães , Ectoparasitoses/sangue , Ectoparasitoses/veterinária , Ectoparasitoses/imunologia , Contagem de Leucócitos/veterinária , Vacinas , Imunogenicidade da Vacina , Carrapatos , Testes Hematológicos/veterinária
16.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 28(2,supl.2): 1-3, 2018. tab
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472382

Resumo

The immunization process is an important practice in the veterinary clinical routine, being dependent on the immune system and influenced by several factors, such as the presence of ectoparasites. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the pre-vaccination leukocyte parameters in puppies with ticks. A retrospective study was carried out through the evaluation of clinical files and hematological data of 30 clinically healthy puppies divided into two groups, G1 (n=15) composed of animals without ticks and G2 (n=15) by dogs with ticks. The G2 group had significant changes in total leukocytes and neutrophils. Therefore, it was concluded that the presence of ticks induced leukocyte alterations in dogs submitted to pre-vaccine clinical evaluation.


Assuntos
Animais , Recém-Nascido , Cães , Contagem de Leucócitos/veterinária , Ectoparasitoses/imunologia , Ectoparasitoses/sangue , Ectoparasitoses/veterinária , Vacinas , Carrapatos , Imunogenicidade da Vacina , Testes Hematológicos/veterinária
17.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 28(4): 38-40, 2018. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472439

Resumo

Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, capable of generating morpho-functional alterations in cutaneous barrier. The purpose of this study was to report a cutaneous adverse drug reaction after topical use of mupirocin in dog. The diagnosis was made through clinical-cytological analyzes. The therapy involved topical and systemic immunomodulatory drugs. Therefore, it is concluded that Mupirocin is capable of generating pharmacodermic reactions.


Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Cães , Dermatite/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatite/veterinária , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Mupirocina/efeitos adversos
18.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 28(4): 50-52, 2018.
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472443

Resumo

Inflammatory bowel disease is a term that designates a set of pathologies mediated by the immune system. The objective of this work is to present a case report that shows the intestinal inflammatory bowel disease in a feline of 12 years. The animal had a history of chronic vomiting and progressive weight loss. Complete blood count, biochemistry and ultrasound were requested, showing anemia, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, normal biochemistry and ultrasonographic appearance compatible with advanced inflammatory disease or neoplasia. A supportive treatment was prescribed until exploratory laparotomy and incisional biopsy were performed. Reactive mesentery, lymphadenomegaly, severe thickening of the jejunal walls were found. Histopathology revealed a plasmacytic infiltrate in lamina propria and a greater amount of intraepithelial lymphocytes. It was prescribed a treatment with prednisolone, cobalamin supplementation and hypoallergenic diet. After 21 days, there was remission of clinical signs.


Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Gatos , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/veterinária , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/diagnóstico , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/diagnóstico por imagem
19.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 28(4): 38-40, 2018. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-22161

Resumo

Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, capable of generating morpho-functional alterations in cutaneous barrier. The purpose of this study was to report a cutaneous adverse drug reaction after topical use of mupirocin in dog. The diagnosis was made through clinical-cytological analyzes. The therapy involved topical and systemic immunomodulatory drugs. Therefore, it is concluded that Mupirocin is capable of generating pharmacodermic reactions.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Mupirocina/efeitos adversos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Dermatite/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatite/veterinária
20.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 28(4): 50-52, 2018.
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-22090

Resumo

Inflammatory bowel disease is a term that designates a set of pathologies mediated by the immune system. The objective of this work is to present a case report that shows the intestinal inflammatory bowel disease in a feline of 12 years. The animal had a history of chronic vomiting and progressive weight loss. Complete blood count, biochemistry and ultrasound were requested, showing anemia, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, normal biochemistry and ultrasonographic appearance compatible with advanced inflammatory disease or neoplasia. A supportive treatment was prescribed until exploratory laparotomy and incisional biopsy were performed. Reactive mesentery, lymphadenomegaly, severe thickening of the jejunal walls were found. Histopathology revealed a plasmacytic infiltrate in lamina propria and a greater amount of intraepithelial lymphocytes. It was prescribed a treatment with prednisolone, cobalamin supplementation and hypoallergenic diet. After 21 days, there was remission of clinical signs.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Gatos , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/veterinária , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/diagnóstico
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