Resumo
Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is an infectious disease caused by Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5). Nevertheless, its clinical manifestations are considered multifactorial. Due to its relevance, FP is currently monitored in sea turtle populations in the United States, Australia, Caribbean, and Brazil. Between 2000 and 2020, the TAMAR Project/ TAMAR Project Foundation analyzed the prevalence of FP in nine states and oceanic islands along the Brazilian coast, including Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FNA), a historically FP-free area. A total of 4,435 green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) were monitored from 2010 to 2016. Additionally, in 2012 and 2014, 43 FP-free skin samples were analyzed for ChHV5 using a qualitative PCR for the UL30 polymerase (pol) sequence. In 2015, a bilateral ocular nodule characterized as an FP tumor was reported in one of the monitored individuals undergoing rehabilitation. Tissue samples were collected following surgical removal of the tumor. Characterization of a 454 bp UL30 polymerase gene revealed a ChHV5 sequence previously reported in other areas of the Atlantic Brazilian coast. In the years following this finding from January 2017 to March 2020, a total of 360 C. mydas were monitored in the same area and no FP tumors were detected. This is the first report of FP and the first detection of ChHV5 in FNA, a finding of great concern considering this site's historical absence of FP occurrence. This study highlights the importance of monitoring this disease in historically FP-free areas of the Brazilian Atlantic coast.(AU)
A fibropapilomatose (FP) é uma doença infecciosa causada pelo Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5). No entanto, as manifestações clínicas da doença são consideradas multifatoriais. Esta doença é monitorada atualmente em populações de tartarugas marinhas nos EUA, Austrália, Caribe e Brasil. Desde 2000, o Projeto TAMAR/Fundação Projeto TAMAR analisa a presença de FP em nove estados da costa brasileira e ilhas oceânicas, incluindo o arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, uma área historicamente livre de FP. Um total de 4.435 indivíduos de Chelonia mydas foram monitorados de 2010 a 2016 e 43 amostras de pele foram analisadas para detectar ChHV5 em 2012 e 2014 com o objetivo de avaliar a presença do vírus em tecidos sem FP, usando uma PCR qualitativa para detecção de sequências do gene da UL30 polimerase. Em 2015, uma tartaruga verde (C. mydas) foi relatada com um nódulo ocular bilateral caracterizado como FP. Amostras de tecido foram coletadas durante sua reabilitação e procedimento cirúrgico para remover o tumor. A caracterização parcial de uma sequência de 454 bp do gene UL30 polimerase detectou ChHV5 anteriormente relatado em outras áreas da costa atlântica brasileira. Após estes achados, de janeiro de 2017 a março de 2020, um total de 360 indivíduos de C. mydas foram monitorados e nenhum caso de FP foi registrado. Este é o primeiro relato de FP e a primeira caracterização de ChHV5 no arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, uma questão preocupante e que ressalta a importância do monitoramento desta doença em áreas historicamente livres de FP na costa atlântica brasileira.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Papiloma/veterinária , Neoplasias Cutâneas/veterinária , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/veterinária , Tartarugas , Infecções por Herpesviridae/veterinária , Herpesviridae , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodosResumo
A ocorrência de prolapso peniano em repteis é observada tanto em quelônios terrestres, quanto em squamatas, porém há a escassez de relatos em tartarugas marinhas documentados até o momento. Desta forma, objetivou-se relatar o processo de reabilitação de uma tartaruga-verde (Chelonia mydas) com prolapso peniano, de modo a nortear procedimentos clínicos e terapêuticos que possam propiciar maior sucesso na reabilitação destes animais. Uma tartaruga-verde (C. mydas), adulto, macho, foi resgatada no dia 02 de maio de 2020 na praia de Muriú, Ceará Mirim, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. O espécime encontrava-se ativo, responsivo, com bom escore corpóreo, hidratação moderada, presença de prolapso peniano com mucosa associada hiperêmica e parte necrosada, além disso, encontrava-se com a nadadeira anterior esquerda amputada. O animal recebeu suporte terapêutico à base de analgésicos, antibióticos, anti-inflamatórios, polivitamínicos e fluidoterapia. Foram realizados procedimentos cirúrgicos para remoção total do úmero e redução mecânica do prolapso peniano. Após 50 dias de reabilitação o animal teve alta médica e foi reintroduzido de volta ao mar. Conclui-se que o protocolo utilizado, tanto na reabilitação, quanto no tratamento conservativo do prolapso peniano mostrou-se eficaz na redução do edema, evitando assim a recidiva do prolapso.(AU)
The occurrence of penile prolapse in reptiles has been observed both in terrestrial turtles and squamates. However, there are few reports of penile prolapse in sea turtles published to date. This study aimed at reporting the rehabilitation process of a green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) with penile prolapse, in order to guide clinical and therapeutic measures that can provide greater success in the rehabilitation of these animals. An adult male green sea turtle (C. mydas) was rescued on May 2, 2020 at Muriú beach, Ceará Mirim, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The specimen was active and responsive, with a good body score and moderate hydration, and showed the presence of penile prolapse with associated hyperemic mucosa and necrosis. It also had the left anterior fin amputated. The animal received therapeutic support based on antibiotics, analgesics, anti-inflammatories, multivitamins, and fluid therapy. The surgical procedure for the complete removal of the humerus and mechanical reduction of penile prolapse was performed. After 50 days of rehabilitation, the animal was discharged and was reintroduced back to the sea. It is concluded that the protocol used was effective in reducing edema, thus preventing the recurrence of prolapse, both in rehabilitation and in the conservative treatment of penile prolapse(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Tartarugas/anatomia & histologia , Prolapso Retal/classificação , Prolapso de Órgão Pélvico , ReabilitaçãoResumo
A ocorrência de prolapso peniano em repteis é observada tanto em quelônios terrestres, quanto em squamatas, porém há a escassez de relatos em tartarugas marinhas documentados até o momento. Desta forma, objetivou-se relatar o processo de reabilitação de uma tartaruga-verde (Chelonia mydas) com prolapso peniano, de modo a nortear procedimentos clínicos e terapêuticos que possam propiciar maior sucesso na reabilitação destes animais. Uma tartaruga-verde (C. mydas), adulto, macho, foi resgatada no dia 02 de maio de 2020 na praia de Muriú, Ceará Mirim, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. O espécime encontrava-se ativo, responsivo, com bom escore corpóreo, hidratação moderada, presença de prolapso peniano com mucosa associada hiperêmica e parte necrosada, além disso, encontrava-se com a nadadeira anterior esquerda amputada. O animal recebeu suporte terapêutico à base de analgésicos, antibióticos, anti-inflamatórios, polivitamínicos e fluidoterapia. Foram realizados procedimentos cirúrgicos para remoção total do úmero e redução mecânica do prolapso peniano. Após 50 dias de reabilitação o animal teve alta médica e foi reintroduzido de volta ao mar. Conclui-se que o protocolo utilizado, tanto na reabilitação, quanto no tratamento conservativo do prolapso peniano mostrou-se eficaz na redução do edema, evitando assim a recidiva do prolapso.
The occurrence of penile prolapse in reptiles has been observed both in terrestrial turtles and squamates. However, there are few reports of penile prolapse in sea turtles published to date. This study aimed at reporting the rehabilitation process of a green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) with penile prolapse, in order to guide clinical and therapeutic measures that can provide greater success in the rehabilitation of these animals. An adult male green sea turtle (C. mydas) was rescued on May 2, 2020 at Muriú beach, Ceará Mirim, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The specimen was active and responsive, with a good body score and moderate hydration, and showed the presence of penile prolapse with associated hyperemic mucosa and necrosis. It also had the left anterior fin amputated. The animal received therapeutic support based on antibiotics, analgesics, anti-inflammatories, multivitamins, and fluid therapy. The surgical procedure for the complete removal of the humerus and mechanical reduction of penile prolapse was performed. After 50 days of rehabilitation, the animal was discharged and was reintroduced back to the sea. It is concluded that the protocol used was effective in reducing edema, thus preventing the recurrence of prolapse, both in rehabilitation and in the conservative treatment of penile prolapse
Assuntos
Animais , Prolapso Retal/classificação , Prolapso de Órgão Pélvico , Reabilitação , Tartarugas/anatomia & histologiaResumo
Background: Manatees are the most endangered aquatic mammals in Brazil. The current conservation scenario, together with their biological characteristics, raises concern with the future of this species. Pyothorax, also known as septic pleural effusion or pleural empyema, is characterized by the accumulation of a septic purulent exudate within the pleural space. Although this infection often has a multifactorial etiology, it is most commonly associated with respiratory tract disorders and trauma. Here, we report a case of pyothorax in a Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus) held in captivity for acclimatization in Brazil. Case: A young, male Antillean manatee, aged 4 years and 11 months, measuring 227 cm in total length, and weighing 258 kg was held in captivity for acclimatization (natural environment) in Porto de Pedras in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. The animal died in February 2013 and was sent for necropsy at the CMA/ICMBio laboratory. The study was developed with authorisation from the Ethics Committee on Animal Use (License number 020/2009) and under the license SISBIO/ ICMBio number 20685-1. Externally, the carcass of the animal showed swelling and bulging of the right antimere and purulent secretion from the right nostril. After external examination, a window was opened in the layers of skin, fat, and muscles from the level of the anus to the navel. Subsequently, the abdominal cavity was opened for inspecting the internal organs. The subcutaneous muscles had a slightly friable, swollen, and pale texture, in addition to petechial hemorrhage, suffusions, and marked edema of the subcutaneous tissue. The right hemidiaphragm was elevated, filling the abdominal and thoracic spaces. Depending on the elevation, all organs were moved to...
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Empiema Pleural/diagnóstico , Empiema Pleural/patologia , Empiema Pleural/veterinária , Trichechus , Exsudatos e Transudatos , SirêniosResumo
Background: Manatees are the most endangered aquatic mammals in Brazil. The current conservation scenario, together with their biological characteristics, raises concern with the future of this species. Pyothorax, also known as septic pleural effusion or pleural empyema, is characterized by the accumulation of a septic purulent exudate within the pleural space. Although this infection often has a multifactorial etiology, it is most commonly associated with respiratory tract disorders and trauma. Here, we report a case of pyothorax in a Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus) held in captivity for acclimatization in Brazil. Case: A young, male Antillean manatee, aged 4 years and 11 months, measuring 227 cm in total length, and weighing 258 kg was held in captivity for acclimatization (natural environment) in Porto de Pedras in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. The animal died in February 2013 and was sent for necropsy at the CMA/ICMBio laboratory. The study was developed with authorisation from the Ethics Committee on Animal Use (License number 020/2009) and under the license SISBIO/ ICMBio number 20685-1. Externally, the carcass of the animal showed swelling and bulging of the right antimere and purulent secretion from the right nostril. After external examination, a window was opened in the layers of skin, fat, and muscles from the level of the anus to the navel. Subsequently, the abdominal cavity was opened for inspecting the internal organs. The subcutaneous muscles had a slightly friable, swollen, and pale texture, in addition to petechial hemorrhage, suffusions, and marked edema of the subcutaneous tissue. The right hemidiaphragm was elevated, filling the abdominal and thoracic spaces. Depending on the elevation, all organs were moved to...(AU)