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1.
Rev. bras. zootec ; 52: e20220052, 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1449868

Resumo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of improving the economic value of integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) compared to conventional systems specialized in monoculture. The experimental area was 16.02 ha, divided into 18 paddocks of 0.89 ha each, organized in a randomized block design, with three replicates and six models of production systems: crop system [corn ( Zea mays ) grain production], livestock system (beef cattle under grazing conditions), and four ICLS, identified as: ICLS-1, corn integrated with Marandu palisadegrass [ Urochloa brizantha (Hoechst. ex A. Rich.) R.D. Webster cv. Marandu (syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu] sown simultaneously without herbicide; ICLS-2, corn and Marandu palisadegrass sown simultaneously with herbicide; ICLS-3, corn and Marandu palisadegrass with lagged sowing; and ICLS-4, corn and Marandu palisadegrass sown simultaneously, with herbicide in rows and between-rows of corn. We demonstrated the economic impact analysis combined with the risk optimization and discounted cash flow techniques based on Monte Carlo simulation, considering price and productivity uncertainties. The indicators of added value and return on investment of ICLS had an economic advantage compared with conventional systems. It was also found that ICLS needed a smaller operational area than conventional systems for the economic break-even point. Integrated systems provide lower financial and operational risk levels and greater economic value per hectare compared with conventional systems specialized in monoculture.(AU)


Assuntos
Indicadores Econômicos , Pastagens , Indicadores de Desenvolvimento Sustentável , Indústria Agropecuária/economia , Zea mays/crescimento & desenvolvimento
2.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 44(1): 19-38, jan.-fev. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1418806

Resumo

The objectives of this work were to identify and model the interrelationships among zootechnical indicators manifested in sheep production from an intensive system in Brazil and to ascertain the impact of these indicators on the economic and productive outcomes from management operations. To this end, two multiple regression models were developed to determine which indicators had influence, and in what proportion, on the quantity of kilograms of lambs sold in the system. In order to determine the effects of the FAMACHA© scores on ewes during breeding and lambing, as related to the production quantity in kilograms of weaned sheep, two analyses of one-factor variance were designed, in which the absolute (AEV) and relative (REV) economic values were assigned to zootechnical indicators. This approach was taken in order to verify which indices have the greatest effects on profit and, consequently, should be prioritized in the selection criteria. The primary indicators were found to be the prolificacy, ewe weight at lambing, ewe age at lambing, average daily gain, offspring survival and the FAMACHA© score of the ewe at birth and at lambing; their significance (P<0.05) determined the number of kilograms of lambs produced in the system. The indicator with the highest AEV and REV was the age of the ewe at lambing, with US$ 3.78 year-1 ewe-1and 54.09%, respectively. FAMACHA© score 1 provided the highest return to the system, with an absolute economic value of US$ 1.09 ewe-1 at breeding and US$ 1.71 ewe-1 at lambing. Scores 4 and 5 caused damage to both breeding and lambing, with -US$ 1.15 ewe-1 and -US$ 1.44 ewe-1 for score 4, and -US$ 1.24 ewe-1 and -US$ 1.76 ewe-1 for score 5 at breeding and at lambing, respectively. The findings indicated that the producer can manipulate the flock culling rate to increase the age of the dams in order to guarantee a greater productivity of sheep. Another indication would be to apply selection criteria to ensure an increase in the number of superior animals present in the system, especially animals that are resilient to worms. This strategy can facilitate increased profits without the need to significantly increase expenditure on inputs.


Os objetivos deste trabalho foram de identificar e modelar as inter-relações entre indicadores zootécnicos utilizados na produção de ovinos, em um sistema intensivo no Brasil, e verificar o impacto desses indicadores nos resultados econômicos e produtivos da propriedade. Para tanto, foram desenvolvidos dois modelos de regressão múltipla para determinar quais indicadores influenciaram, e em que proporção, a quantidade de quilogramas de cordeiros vendidos no sistema. A fim de determinar os efeitos dos graus FAMACHA© das ovelhas durante a monta e parto, em relação à quantidade de produção em quilogramas de cordeiros desmamados, foram realizadas duas análises de variância de um fator, nas quais valores econômicos absoluto (VEA) e relativo (VER) foram atribuídos aos indicadores zootécnicos. Essa abordagem foi feita com o objetivo de verificar quais índices têm maiores efeitos no lucro e, consequentemente, devem ser priorizados nos critérios de seleção. Os principais indicadores foram a prolificidade, peso da ovelha ao parto, idade da ovelha ao parto, ganho médio diário, sobrevivência da prole e grau FAMACHA© da ovelha ao nascimento e ao parto; sua significância (P<0,05) determinou o número de quilogramas de cordeiros produzidos no sistema. O indicador com maior VEA e VER foi a idade da ovelha ao parto, com US$ 3,78 ano-1 ovelha-1 e 54,09%, respectivamente. O grau FAMACHA© 1 proporcionou o maior retorno ao sistema, com valor econômico absoluto de US$ 1,09 ovelha-1 na monta e US$ 1,71 ovelha-1 no parto. Os graus 4 e 5 causaram prejuízos tanto à monta quanto ao parto, com -US$ 1,15 ovelha-1 e -US$ 1,44 ovelha-1 para o grau 4, e -US$ 1,24 ovelha-1 e -US$ 1,76 ovelha-1 para o grau 5 na monta e no parto, respectivamente. Os resultados indicaram que o produtor pode manipular a taxa de descarte do rebanho para aumentar a idade das matrizes a fim de garantir uma maior produtividade das ovelhas. Outra indicação seria a aplicação de critérios de seleção para garantir o aumento do número de animais superiores presentes no sistema, principalmente animais resistentes a helmintoses. Essa estratégia pode facilitar o aumento dos lucros sem a necessidade de aumentar significativamente os gastos com insumos.


Assuntos
Animais , Ovinos , Análise de Regressão , Custos e Análise de Custo
3.
Rev. bras. zootec ; 51: e20210049, 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1442653

Resumo

The objective of this study was to analyze the perceptions of professionals in relation to the importance of indicators used to assess the sustainability of Brazilian dairy cattle. A survey method was used through a questionnaire. The target audience was professionals related to dairy cattle: researchers, professors, consultants, farmers, and other professionals. The total number of respondents to the survey was 347. Cluster analysis resulted in the formation of four distinct groups: G1 ("Holistic"), participants agreed that all indicators are very important or, at least, important; G2 ("Technician") considered the indicators important and desirable, except for some environmental indicators which were assessed as non-priority and expendable; G3 ("Socioenvironmentalist") assessed the indicators as desirable, but environmental indicators received more importance; and G4 ("Skeptic") generally believed that indicators were non-priority and expendable. The groups showed significant differences in relation to knowledge about technical, economic, social, and environmental aspects of dairy cattle. More than 60% of professionals consider milk production per area, reproductive index, production costs, profit from the activity, milk quality, quality of life of the producer and employees, succession, protection of water courses, and soil management as very important indicators of the sustainability of dairy cattle. On the other hand, important environmental indicators such as emissions of gases and substances, energy use, nutrient balance, and land use were neglected by most respondents. These results can help select and implement policies and strategies for decision making, aiming at producing milk in a more sustainable way.(AU)


Assuntos
Bovinos , Indústria de Laticínios/economia , Indicadores de Desenvolvimento Sustentável , Solo , Pastagens
4.
Rev. bras. zootec ; 51: e20210063, 2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1442669

Resumo

The experiment aimed to analyze the economic viability of using highenergy diets and the supplementation of chromium propionate or calcium salts of palm oil in the diet of ewes from the late gestation until the end of lactation. Seventy-two ewes of Santa Ines × Dorper crossbreeds were allocated to five treatments: CTL (n = 14) with 100% of NRC recommendation for metabolizable energy per kg dry matter intake (ME/kg DMI), LOW (n = 14) with 90% ME/kg DMI, HIGH (n = 15) with 110% ME/kg DMI, Cr (n = 15) HIGH diet plus chromium propionate, and FAT (n = 14) HIGH diet plus calcium salts of palm oil. Based on the performance data, a short-term analysis was performed for a module of 1000 ewes, evaluating costs, revenues, and profitability, and long-term analysis was performed by an additional cash flow of 120 months. The CTL and FAT treatments were not viable due to higher costs and lower revenues, and they also had a negative net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR). The LOW treatment, despite lower costs and positive profitability, had a negative NPV (-$872.90) and IRR (1.85%) that was below the discount rate, making it unprofitable in the long run. The HIGH and Cr treatments were considered feasible because they had lower unit costs and higher profitability, in addition to a high NPV ($64,894.11 and 104,902.05, respectively) and a higher IRR (9.03% and 13.65%, respectively) than the discount rate. The use of high-energy diets, with added chromium propionate, promoted better performance and, consequently, better economic return.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Propionatos/análise , Ovinos/fisiologia , Óleo de Palmeira/efeitos adversos , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente/fisiologia
5.
Rev. bras. zootec ; 50: e20200216, 2021. mapas, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1443124

Resumo

This study aimed to characterize 24 representative sheep production farms from five mesoregions in the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil, so that economic and productive improvement strategies could be proposed. The representative farms for each region were defined at meetings with sheep farmers and technicians via the rapid appraisal methodology and represent 65% of the state's flock. The information of each representative farm was collected between March 2015 and February 2016. Principal component analysis was used to verify the relationships among the different variables that characterized the farms. These characteristics were: number of ewes (V1), total cost per kilogram of revenue-generating product (V2), feeding costs (V3), labor costs (V4), facility and equipment depreciation costs (V5), and gross margin in the production cycle (V6). Cluster analysis was performed, resulting in three distinct groups: one including eight, another seven, and the third, nine farms. The results aided in classifying the farms into groups with similar characteristics, such as production scale, reproductive efficiency, technical and managerial control, appreciation of cooperatives, and availability of continuous technical assistance. The production scale, reproductive and productive efficiency, adoption of technologies, and cooperative organizational structure can be emphasized as positive performance benchmarks and were the most important aspects to achieve positive economic results.


Assuntos
Animais , Ovinos , Criação de Animais Domésticos/economia , Criação de Animais Domésticos/métodos , Brasil , Desenvolvimento Econômico
6.
Rev. bras. zootec ; 50: e20200031, 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1443415

Resumo

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the reduction of calcium (Ca), crude protein (CP), metabolizable energy (ME), and available phosphorus (aP) in the nutritional matrix of Brazilian commercial broiler diets supplemented with both phytase superdosing (1500 FTU/kg) or conventional doses (500 FTU/kg) on the feed cost and profitability, performance, bone mineralization, and carcass yield of broiler from 1 to 42 d. A total 1200 one-day-old chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly distributed in a commercial feeding program composed of a positive control diet and three diets with reduction of Ca, aP, CP, and ME in the nutritional matrix supplemented with 500, 1000, and 1500 FTU/kg of phytase. The broilers subjected to diets with phytase superdosing presented similar performance, bone ash, and carcass yield, among the treatments. There was a linear effect in the total nutrition cost, gross margin, and estimated net margin per bird with the increase of dietary inclusion of phytase in all purposed scenarios. Thus, for each 500 FTU/kg of dietary phytase included in the diet with reduction of Ca, P, ME, and CP in the nutritional matrix, the total nutrition cost decreased R$ 0.072/bird, R$ 0.079/bird, and R$ 0.081/bird in scenarios of high, medium, and low prices of corn and soybean meal, respectively, that allowed an increase in the estimated net margin of R$ 0.20/bird, R$ 0.22/bird, and R$ 0.22/bird in the same scenarios.


Assuntos
Animais , Fósforo , Proteínas , Galinhas , Cálcio , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolases , Valor Nutritivo , Custos e Análise de Custo
7.
Rev. bras. zootec ; 49: e20190045, 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1443181

Resumo

The objective with this study was to evaluate the impact of different swine nutritional strategies and technologies, as well as the land spread system, on logistical costs of pig manure distribution. For this, pigs were fed a conventional diet (C0) or a diet supplemented with 0.01% phytase (C1); organic minerals (40% substitution; C2); synthetic amino acids at reduced dietary crude protein levels (C3); or a combination of the three strategies (C4). All pig manure was weighed, then its chemical composition was determined. The mineral values and volume of manure produced were extrapolated to corresponding pig farm sizes in Sao Paulo state (300, 650, and 1000 sows) from real pig manure levels to produce simulations. To determine the logistical cost of manure distribution, two distribution systems were considered: vacuum tank tractor and vacuum tank truck (4.30 and 15 m³, respectively). The land spread truck system had the highest cost/hour worked due to the higher fuel consumption. However, this cost might be different over greater distances. Manure production, as well as the nutrient levels of N, P, and K, were lower for swine fed diets supplemented with nutritional technologies. Therefore, the different nutritional technologies reduced the transportation and distribution cost of pig manure by reducing the area and, consequently, the distances that need to be traveled for distribution. However, from an agronomic point of view (i.e., to meet a crop fertilization demand per hectare), manure from pigs fed diets supplemented with nutritional technologies had a higher application rate on land.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Organização e Administração/economia , Suínos , Métodos de Alimentação/veterinária , Esterco/análise
8.
Rev. bras. zootec ; 49: e20190029, 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1443189

Resumo

The objective with this study was to calculate the total cost of maize production and beef cattle in permanent pasture activities in separate production systems (conventional) and integrated systems (maize production plus beef cattle), as well as to verify economic gains explained by the economy of scope. The first step for the development of the research was to obtain field experimental data. Six experimental treatments were studied: corn grain production, beef cattle in permanent pasture, and four integrated systems based on different crop and pasture sowings. The second step consisted in the collection, calculation, and allocation of variable and fixed costs to estimate costs of production in the systems. The crop-livestock integration showed economic gains in relation to conventional systems, which can be explained by the dilution of fixed costs and the presence of shareable inputs, resulting in economy of scope. It was also possible to demonstrate that total unit costs of both crop and livestock were lower in crop-livestock integration, showing that integrated systems resulted in economic benefits as compared with conventional ones.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Análise Custo-Benefício , Zea mays/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Agricultura/economia , Criação de Animais Domésticos/economia
9.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1471132

Resumo

This study evaluated the economic viability of industrial production of complete diets for equine species, using threesources of fiber (dehydrated whole corn plant, dehydrated elephant grass, or Tifton 85 hay) submitted to two typesof thermal processing (pelleting or extrusion). A survey and elaboration of costs from the agricultural production ofroughage to the commercialization of the final product was conducted. Three scenarios were compared: S1 basalprice of complete diet (ingredients supplied together, but purchased separately); S2 price of S1 plus 10%; S3 priceof S1 plus 20%. Profitability indicators applied were internal rate of return (IRR) and net present value (NPV). Simplepayback was used to verify return on investment time. Sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the items thatmost influence the economic results. Simple payback ranged from one to six years. The highest values of IRR (>100%per year) and NPV were obtained for the extruded diets in scenario 3. Only the pelletized diet containing Tifton 85 hayin scenario 1 was not economically feasible, presenting negative IRR. The inputs make up the item with the greatestburden on the production process (mean 89%). Except for pelletized diet containing Tifton 85 hay in scenario 1, theother projects present IRR above the minimum attractiveness rate (MAR) and were considered economically feasible.


O presente trabalho avaliou a viabilidade econômica do projeto de produção industrial de dietas completas para aespécie equina, utilizando três fontes de fibra (rolão de milho ou capim elefante desidratado ou feno de Tifton 85)submetidas a dois tipos de tratamento térmico (peletização ou extrusão). Foram realizados o levantamento e elaboraçãode custos desde a produção agrícola do volumoso até a comercialização do produto final. Foram propostos três cenárioscomparativos: S1 preço base da dieta completa (ingredientes fornecidos ao mesmo tempo, porém, separadamente);S2 preço de S1 mais 10%; S3 preço de S1 mais 20%. A Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR) e o Valor Presente Líquido(VPL) foram os indicadores de rentabilidade. O Payback simples foi utilizado para verificar o tempo de retorno doinvestimento. Foi realizada análise de sensibilidade para identificar os itens que mais influenciaram os resultadoseconômicos. O Payback simples variou de um a seis anos. Os maiores valores de TIR (>100% a.a) e VPL foram obtidospara as dietas extrusadas no cenário 3. Apenas a dieta peletizada contendo feno de Tifton 85 no cenário 1 não foi viáveleconomicamente, apresentando TIR negativa. Os insumos compõem o item de maior oneração no processo produtivo(média de 89%). Exceto para dieta peletizada contendo feno de Tifton 85 no cenário 1, os demais projetos apresentamTIR acima da taxa média d

10.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1471161

Resumo

This study evaluated the economic viability of industrial production of complete diets for equine species, using threesources of fiber (dehydrated whole corn plant, dehydrated elephant grass, or Tifton 85 hay) submitted to two typesof thermal processing (pelleting or extrusion). A survey and elaboration of costs from the agricultural production ofroughage to the commercialization of the final product was conducted. Three scenarios were compared: S1 basalprice of complete diet (ingredients supplied together, but purchased separately); S2 price of S1 plus 10%; S3 priceof S1 plus 20%. Profitability indicators applied were internal rate of return (IRR) and net present value (NPV). Simplepayback was used to verify return on investment time. Sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the items thatmost influence the economic results. Simple payback ranged from one to six years. The highest values of IRR (>100%per year) and NPV were obtained for the extruded diets in scenario 3. Only the pelletized diet containing Tifton 85 hayin scenario 1 was not economically feasible, presenting negative IRR. The inputs make up the item with the greatestburden on the production process (mean 89%). Except for pelletized diet containing Tifton 85 hay in scenario 1, theother projects present IRR above the minimum attractiveness rate (MAR) and were considered economically feasible.


O presente trabalho avaliou a viabilidade econômica do projeto de produção industrial de dietas completas para aespécie equina, utilizando três fontes de fibra (rolão de milho ou capim elefante desidratado ou feno de Tifton 85)submetidas a dois tipos de tratamento térmico (peletização ou extrusão). Foram realizados o levantamento e elaboraçãode custos desde a produção agrícola do volumoso até a comercialização do produto final. Foram propostos três cenárioscomparativos: S1 preço base da dieta completa (ingredientes fornecidos ao mesmo tempo, porém, separadamente);S2 preço de S1 mais 10%; S3 preço de S1 mais 20%. A Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR) e o Valor Presente Líquido(VPL) foram os indicadores de rentabilidade. O Payback simples foi utilizado para verificar o tempo de retorno doinvestimento. Foi realizada análise de sensibilidade para identificar os itens que mais influenciaram os resultadoseconômicos. O Payback simples variou de um a seis anos. Os maiores valores de TIR (>100% a.a) e VPL foram obtidospara as dietas extrusadas no cenário 3. Apenas a dieta peletizada contendo feno de Tifton 85 no cenário 1 não foi viáveleconomicamente, apresentando TIR negativa. Os insumos compõem o item de maior oneração no processo produtivo(média de 89%). Exceto para dieta peletizada contendo feno de Tifton 85 no cenário 1, os demais projetos apresentamTIR acima da taxa média d

11.
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1489027

Resumo

Os profissionais envolvidos nas cadeias de produção animal e vegetal se deparam com um cenário atual de contradições. De um lado, o aumento pela demanda de alimentos, de outro, as pressões sociais que questionam o modo como é conduzida a produção. Neste contexto, os sistemas integrados podem ser uma importante estratégia. A integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP) consiste na implantação de diferentes sistemas produtivos para a produção animal e vegetal na mesma área, em plantio consorciado, sequencial ou rotacional. Os benefícios mais divulgados em relação aos sistemas de ILP são os agronômicos ou produtivos, que são consequência da melhoria da qualidade do solo e maior controle de pragas. Contudo, para que os sistemas de ILP sejam adotados em escala comercial, representando de fato uma alternativa para a produção de alimentos, é necessário que a ciência aborde também questões econômicas e gerenciais envolvidas na adoção e manutenção dos sistemas de ILP.


Professionals involved in animal and plant production chains are currently confronted with a scenario of contradictions. There is a growing demand for food, on the other hand, social pressures question how food is produced. Within this context, integrated production systems could be an important strategy. Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICL) consists of the implementation of different systems for animal and agricultural production in the same area, planted concurrently, sequentially or in rotation. The most reported advantages of ICL systems are agronomic or productive benefits, which are the result of improved soil quality and better pest control. However, to implement ICL systems on large scale, representing an actual alternative for food production, scientific research must address the economic and management issues involved in the adoption and maintenance of these systems.


Assuntos
Agricultura/organização & administração , Criação de Animais Domésticos/organização & administração , Indústria Agropecuária/economia , Integração de Sistemas
12.
R. Educ. contin. Med. Vet. Zoot. ; 16(1): 46-53, 2018. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-736380

Resumo

Os profissionais envolvidos nas cadeias de produção animal e vegetal se deparam com um cenário atual de contradições. De um lado, o aumento pela demanda de alimentos, de outro, as pressões sociais que questionam o modo como é conduzida a produção. Neste contexto, os sistemas integrados podem ser uma importante estratégia. A integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP) consiste na implantação de diferentes sistemas produtivos para a produção animal e vegetal na mesma área, em plantio consorciado, sequencial ou rotacional. Os benefícios mais divulgados em relação aos sistemas de ILP são os agronômicos ou produtivos, que são consequência da melhoria da qualidade do solo e maior controle de pragas. Contudo, para que os sistemas de ILP sejam adotados em escala comercial, representando de fato uma alternativa para a produção de alimentos, é necessário que a ciência aborde também questões econômicas e gerenciais envolvidas na adoção e manutenção dos sistemas de ILP.(AU)


Professionals involved in animal and plant production chains are currently confronted with a scenario of contradictions. There is a growing demand for food, on the other hand, social pressures question how food is produced. Within this context, integrated production systems could be an important strategy. Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICL) consists of the implementation of different systems for animal and agricultural production in the same area, planted concurrently, sequentially or in rotation. The most reported advantages of ICL systems are agronomic or productive benefits, which are the result of improved soil quality and better pest control. However, to implement ICL systems on large scale, representing an actual alternative for food production, scientific research must address the economic and management issues involved in the adoption and maintenance of these systems.(AU)


Assuntos
Indústria Agropecuária/economia , Criação de Animais Domésticos/organização & administração , Agricultura/organização & administração , Integração de Sistemas
13.
J. Anim. Behav. Biometeorol. ; 6(2): 29-32, Apr. 2018. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-740904

Resumo

This study investigates the combined effect of the progressive or abrupt weaning after the stress during middle and late pregnancy on performance and development of lambs. Twenty-four male lambs were used, born from 18 Santa Ines ewes that were divided into three experimental groups. Pregnant ewes were submitted to the application of Lipolysaccharides E. coli (LPS) during the 70th day of pregnancy (Ig; n=12) or at the 120th day (Fg; n=8). Animals were kept as control (Cg; n=14). Lambs born in a 6 day interval were subjected to two types of weaning (Pw: progressive weaning; Aw: abrupt weaning at 45 days of age). Lamb data, including testicular development, yield carcass and economic cost were analyzed. Means were compared by F test and Student's t test (P<0.05). Fg lambs had the lowest average carcass weight compared with Cg and Fg groups (P<0.05) and lambs from progressive weaning had higher carcass weight in relation to the abrupt weaning process (P<0.05). On carcass yield, no difference was observed on gestation groups for any type of weaning (P>0.05). The highest yields in gross margin was observed for the Cg group and the lowest for Fg (P<0.05), and no difference to Ig group (P>0.05). On lambs testicular weight, Cg average value was higher than Fg (P<0.05), but no difference was observed on scrotal circumference (P>0.05). The combined effect of LPS challenge as a simulated disease process during late pregnancy and abrupt weaning change the testicular weight and the yield carcass, resulting in economic losses.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Ovinos , Desmame , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Estresse Psicológico/economia , Testículo/crescimento & desenvolvimento
14.
J. Anim. Behav. Biometeorol ; 6(2): 29-32, Apr. 2018. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1484240

Resumo

This study investigates the combined effect of the progressive or abrupt weaning after the stress during middle and late pregnancy on performance and development of lambs. Twenty-four male lambs were used, born from 18 Santa Ines ewes that were divided into three experimental groups. Pregnant ewes were submitted to the application of Lipolysaccharides E. coli (LPS) during the 70th day of pregnancy (Ig; n=12) or at the 120th day (Fg; n=8). Animals were kept as control (Cg; n=14). Lambs born in a 6 day interval were subjected to two types of weaning (Pw: progressive weaning; Aw: abrupt weaning at 45 days of age). Lamb data, including testicular development, yield carcass and economic cost were analyzed. Means were compared by F test and Student's t test (P0.05). The highest yields in gross margin was observed for the Cg group and the lowest for Fg (P0.05). On lambs’ testicular weight, Cg average value was higher than Fg (P0.05). The combined effect of LPS challenge as a simulated disease process during late pregnancy and abrupt weaning change the testicular weight and the yield carcass, resulting in economic losses.


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Animais , Gravidez , Desmame , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Estresse Psicológico/economia , Ovinos , Testículo/crescimento & desenvolvimento
15.
R. bras. Saúde Prod. Anim. ; 18(2): 231-238, abr.-jun. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-15589

Resumo

The objective of this study was to estimate costs for egg production and for implementation of biosecurity measures described by Normative Instructions No. 56/2007, No. 59/2009, No. 36/2012 and No. 10/2013 on production costs in these establishments. To attend the “National Avian Health Program” and the “National Plan for the Prevention of Avian Influenza and Control and Prevention of Newcastle Disease”, the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture published a series of legal acts to establish the “Procedures for Register, Inspection and Control of Breeding and Commercial Avian Establishments” intensifying the measures for prevention of high economic impact illnesses in avian flocks of the country. The adaptations comprise items of structure and biosecurity procedures that aim to increase the level of isolation of the birds to maintain them with the best health status as possible. These adaptations can result in more expenses and dedication from the producers. Thus, production costs were obtained through personal interviews with 10 voluntary commercial farmers of laying hens in Limeira region, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, between June and July, 2013. The result of this study suggests that the implementation of biosecurity measures has relatively low costs when compared to the possible risks of diseases outbreaks and the consequent economic losses that justify the adoption of these practices.(AU)


O objetivo com este trabalho foi estimar os custos para produção de ovos, bem como os impactos da implementação das normas de biosseguridade descritas pelas normativas de número 56/2007, 59/2009, 36/2012, 10/2013. Visando o atendimento ao “Programa Nacional de Sanidade Avícola” e ao “Plano Nacional de Prevenção da Influenza Aviária e de Controle e Prevenção da Doença de Newcastle”, o Ministério da Agricultura publicou uma série de atos legais para estabelecer os “Procedimentos para Registro, Fiscalização e Controle de Estabelecimentos Avícolas de Reprodução e Comerciais”, intensificando as medidas para prevenção da ocorrência de enfermidades de grande impacto econômico no plantel avícola do país. As adequações englobam itens de estrutura e procedimentos de biosseguridade que visam aumentar o nível de isolamento das aves, para mantê-las com o melhor status sanitário possível. Essas exigências podem resultar em mais despesas e dedicação por parte dos produtores. Desta forma, custos de produção foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas pessoais com 10 produtores de fazendas comerciais de avicultura de postura na região de Limeira, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, entre junho e julho de 2013. O resultado deste estudo sugere que a implantação da biosseguridade tem custo relativamente baixo frente aos possíveis riscos de enfermidades e dos prejuízos econômicos que essas enfermidades podem causar, o que justifica a adoção destas práticas.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Aves Domésticas/anormalidades , Aves Domésticas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Aves Domésticas/virologia , Política de Saúde/tendências , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/imunologia , Influenza Aviária/imunologia , Infecções por Salmonella/imunologia
16.
Rev. bras. saúde prod. anim ; 18(2): 231-238, abr.-jun. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1493728

Resumo

The objective of this study was to estimate costs for egg production and for implementation of biosecurity measures described by Normative Instructions No. 56/2007, No. 59/2009, No. 36/2012 and No. 10/2013 on production costs in these establishments. To attend the “National Avian Health Program” and the “National Plan for the Prevention of Avian Influenza and Control and Prevention of Newcastle Disease”, the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture published a series of legal acts to establish the “Procedures for Register, Inspection and Control of Breeding and Commercial Avian Establishments” intensifying the measures for prevention of high economic impact illnesses in avian flocks of the country. The adaptations comprise items of structure and biosecurity procedures that aim to increase the level of isolation of the birds to maintain them with the best health status as possible. These adaptations can result in more expenses and dedication from the producers. Thus, production costs were obtained through personal interviews with 10 voluntary commercial farmers of laying hens in Limeira region, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, between June and July, 2013. The result of this study suggests that the implementation of biosecurity measures has relatively low costs when compared to the possible risks of diseases outbreaks and the consequent economic losses that justify the adoption of these practices.


O objetivo com este trabalho foi estimar os custos para produção de ovos, bem como os impactos da implementação das normas de biosseguridade descritas pelas normativas de número 56/2007, 59/2009, 36/2012, 10/2013. Visando o atendimento ao “Programa Nacional de Sanidade Avícola” e ao “Plano Nacional de Prevenção da Influenza Aviária e de Controle e Prevenção da Doença de Newcastle”, o Ministério da Agricultura publicou uma série de atos legais para estabelecer os “Procedimentos para Registro, Fiscalização e Controle de Estabelecimentos Avícolas de Reprodução e Comerciais”, intensificando as medidas para prevenção da ocorrência de enfermidades de grande impacto econômico no plantel avícola do país. As adequações englobam itens de estrutura e procedimentos de biosseguridade que visam aumentar o nível de isolamento das aves, para mantê-las com o melhor status sanitário possível. Essas exigências podem resultar em mais despesas e dedicação por parte dos produtores. Desta forma, custos de produção foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas pessoais com 10 produtores de fazendas comerciais de avicultura de postura na região de Limeira, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, entre junho e julho de 2013. O resultado deste estudo sugere que a implantação da biosseguridade tem custo relativamente baixo frente aos possíveis riscos de enfermidades e dos prejuízos econômicos que essas enfermidades podem causar, o que justifica a adoção destas práticas.


Assuntos
Animais , Aves Domésticas/anormalidades , Aves Domésticas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Aves Domésticas/virologia , Política de Saúde/tendências , Infecções por Salmonella/imunologia , Influenza Aviária/imunologia , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/imunologia
17.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 53(1): 55-59, 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-324183

Resumo

The present study aimed to evaluate the economic feasibility of production and commercialization project of Hay Enriched Extruded (HEE) as a complete diet for horses. The study was based on survey data and quotation activities involving price from the land preparation (repair, planting and fertilization) to the processing of the product at the factory (extrusion) and marketing. Transportation costs and taxes were also considered. Discounted Cash Flow (30 years) was used to calculate the profitability indicator and the Profit and Loss Statement (PLS). Calculations were developed using Microsoft Office Excel® spreadsheets. Three production scenarios were simulated with different consumer prices: Scenario 1 - equivalent to the complete diet, where the ingredients are supplied together, but purchased separately; Scenario 2 - Considering a value 10% higher than the complete diet; Scenario 3 - Considering a value 20% higher than the complete diet. We observed that the project was economically viable in the three suggested scenarios with positive Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return greater than 9.4% and payback of 11 to 2 years. The results enable us to conclude that the product may be a promising investment for both product quality and ease of use as the rapid return on invested capital(AU)


O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a viabilidade econômica de um projeto de produção e comercialização do Feno Enriquecido Extrusado (FEE) como dieta completa para equinos. O estudo baseou-se em levantamento de dados e cotação de preços de atividades que envolvem desde o preparo da terra (correção, plantio e adubação) até o beneficiamento do produto na fábrica (extrusão) e comercialização. Foram considerados também os custos com transporte e tributações. Para o cálculo dos indicadores de rentabilidade utilizou-se o método do Fluxo de Caixa Descontado (período de 30 anos) e da Demonstração de Resultados do Exercício (DRE). Os cálculos foram desenvolvidos utilizando planilhas eletrônicas do pacote Microsoft Office Excel®. Foram simulados três cenários de produção com diferentes preços ao consumidor: Cenário 1) equivalente à dieta completa, onde os ingredientes são fornecidos em conjunto, mas adquiridos separadamente; Cenário 2) considerando um valor 10% maior que o da dieta completa; Cenário 3) considerando um valor 20% maior que o da dieta completa. Pôde-se observar que o projeto foi viável economicamente nos três cenários sugeridos com Valor Presente Líquido (VPL) positivo, Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR) maior que 9,4% aa e payback de 11 a 2 anos. A produção de FEE pode ser um investimento promissor tanto pela qualidade do produto e facilidade de uso quanto pelo rápido retorno do capital investido(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Dieta/veterinária , Cavalos/metabolismo , Ração Animal/análise
18.
Bol. Apamvet (Online) ; 5(1): 8-9, 2014.
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1464156

Resumo

Podemos nos preocupar com o outro, sem termos nenhum interesse direto com isso. Apesar de a ciência já nos ter dado evidências do processo de evolução, não faz muito tempo que as instituições mundiais propõem políticas para o desenvolvimento do bem comum.


Assuntos
Animais , Bem-Estar do Animal , Desenvolvimento Ecológico , Desenvolvimento Sustentável , Criação de Animais Domésticos/ética
19.
B. APAMVET ; 5(1): 8-9, 2014.
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-10948

Resumo

Podemos nos preocupar com o outro, sem termos nenhum interesse direto com isso. Apesar de a ciência já nos ter dado evidências do processo de evolução, não faz muito tempo que as instituições mundiais propõem políticas para o desenvolvimento do bem comum.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Desenvolvimento Sustentável , Desenvolvimento Ecológico , Bem-Estar do Animal , Criação de Animais Domésticos/ética
20.
Rev. Educ. Contin. CRMV-SP (Impr.) ; 12(3): 12-17, 20140000. ilus, graf
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1488716

Resumo

No início dos anos 2000, a ovinocultura passou a ocupar uma posição de destaque no agronegócio brasileiro, atraindo investidores e sendo reconhecida como uma nova alternativa para a diversificação no campo. Muitos novos criadores e indústrias surgiram, motivados pelo déficit entre a produção e a demanda pela carne de cordeiro no país, que faz com que importemos centenas de milhares de toneladas do produto todos os anos. Cerca de uma década se passou desde a euforia inicial, em que se verificou intenso ingresso de criadores na atividade, e este ensaio tem o objetivo de fazer um breve resumo de fatos importantes para o setor, ocorridos em 2013, e de apresentar algumas perspectivas para o próximo ano. É abordada a evolução dos seguintes tópicos: i) abates legalizados e clandestinos, ii) importações de carne ovina, iii) abate de fêmeas e suas consequências para o mercado, iv) valores de mercado de produtos ovinos e custo de produção, v) iniciativas governamentais em prol da atividade. O que se percebe é que muitos avanços têm ocorrido, mas muitos desafios ainda existem para a consolidação da atividade.


In the early 2000s, sheep industry began to occupy a prominent position in Brazilian agribusiness, attracting investors and being recognized as a new alternative for farming diversification. Many breeders and new industries emerged, motivated by the deficit between production and demand for lamb in the country, which leads to the import of hundreds of thousands of tons of sheep meat every year. Nearly a decade has passed since the initial euphoria, which saw intense inflow of breeders to the activity, and this essay aims to make a brief summary of important facts occurred in 2013 regarding this supply chain, and to present some perspectives for next year. The evolution of the following topics is addressed: i) legal and illegal slaughter, ii) imports of sheep meat, iii) slaughter of females and its impact on market, iv) prices for domestic and imported products, v) governmental initiatives on the sake of the activity. What we see is that many advances have been made, but many challenges still exist for the consolidation of the activity.


Assuntos
Animais , Indústria Agropecuária/análise , Indústria Agropecuária/estatística & dados numéricos , Ovinos/crescimento & desenvolvimento
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