Correlação entre cortisol e testosterona em touros atletas submetidos a treinamento / Correlation of cortisol and testosterone in athlete bulls submitted to training

Touros em treinamento (n=17) para rodeio foram avaliados quanto a interferência do estresse na produção de testosterona. Foi realizada análise de parâmetros quanto a higidez dos touros antes do treinamento e coleta de sangue. Após o treinamento, foi realizada a segunda coleta de sangue. As amostras coletadas antes do treinamento foram submetidas à mensuração dos hormônios cortisol e testosterona e as amostras após o treinamento apenas à dosagem de cortisol. Iniciou-se uma nova sequência de coleta para dosar e avaliar a testosterona. Ambos os hormônios foram mensurados pelo método de radioimunoensaio. A análise estatística para comparação de cortisol e testosterona, assim como para o perímetro escrotal e testosterona foi realizada através da comparação de Person, com nível de 5% de significância, através do Action 3.1 versão R 3.0.2 (Campinas, SP, Brasil). A dosagem de cortisol sérica antes e após o treinamento resultou em correlação positiva (0,071), demonstrando diferença estatística (p=0,0004) nesses dois momentos avaliados. A comparação entre a testosterona do primeiro dia e o cortisol antes do treinamento foi negativa assim como a testosterona do segundo dia com o cortisol após treinamento. Conclui-se que houve evidência de estresse após o treinamento sem interferência na produção de testosterona.(AU)

Bulls in training (n = 17) for rodeo were evaluated for stress interference in testosterone production. Parameter analysis was performed regarding the health of the bulls before training and blood collection. After the exercise, the second blood collection was performed. The samples collected before the training were submitted to the measurement of cortisol and testosterone hormones and the samples after the training only to the cortisol dosage. A new collection sequence was started for dosing and evaluating testosterone. Both hormones were measured by the radioimmunoassay method. The statistical analysis for comparison of cortisol and testosterone, as well as for the scrotal perimeter and testosterone was performed by Pearson correlation with a 5% level of significance through Action 3.1 version R 3.0.2 (Campinas, SP, Brazil). Serum cortisol dosage before and after training resulted in a positive correlation (0.071), showing statistical difference (p = 0.0004) in these two moments evaluated. The comparison between first day testosterone and cortisol before training was negative as was testosterone on the second day with cortisol after training. It was concluded that there was evidence of post-training stress without interference in the production of testosterone(AU)

Correlação entre cortisol e testosterona em touros atletas submetidos a treinamento / Correlation of cortisol and testosterone in athlete bulls submitted to training

Touros em treinamento (n=17) para rodeio foram avaliados quanto a interferência do estresse na produção de testosterona. Foi realizada análise de parâmetros quanto a higidez dos touros antes do treinamento e coleta de sangue. Após o treinamento, foi realizada a segunda coleta de sangue. As amostras coletadas antes do treinamento foram submetidas à mensuração dos hormônios cortisol e testosterona e as amostras após o treinamento apenas à dosagem de cortisol. Iniciou-se uma nova sequência de coleta para dosar e avaliar a testosterona. Ambos os hormônios foram mensurados pelo método de radioimunoensaio. A análise estatística para comparação de cortisol e testosterona, assim como para o perímetro escrotal e testosterona foi realizada através da comparação de Person, com nível de 5% de significância, através do Action 3.1 versão R 3.0.2 (Campinas, SP, Brasil). A dosagem de cortisol sérica antes e após o treinamento resultou em correlação positiva (0,071), demonstrando diferença estatística (p=0,0004) nesses dois momentos avaliados. A comparação entre a testosterona do primeiro dia e o cortisol antes do treinamento foi negativa assim como a testosterona do segundo dia com o cortisol após treinamento. Conclui-se que houve evidência de estresse após o treinamento sem interferência na produção de testosterona.

Bulls in training (n = 17) for rodeo were evaluated for stress interference in testosterone production. Parameter analysis was performed regarding the health of the bulls before training and blood collection. After the exercise, the second blood collection was performed. The samples collected before the training were submitted to the measurement of cortisol and testosterone hormones and the samples after the training only to the cortisol dosage. A new collection sequence was started for dosing and evaluating testosterone. Both hormones were measured by the radioimmunoassay method. The statistical analysis for comparison of cortisol and testosterone, as well as for the scrotal perimeter and testosterone was performed by Pearson correlation with a 5% level of significance through Action 3.1 version R 3.0.2 (Campinas, SP, Brazil). Serum cortisol dosage before and after training resulted in a positive correlation (0.071), showing statistical difference (p = 0.0004) in these two moments evaluated. The comparison between first day testosterone and cortisol before training was negative as was testosterone on the second day with cortisol after training. It was concluded that there was evidence of post-training stress without interference in the production of testosterone

Is the number of antral follicles an interesting selection criterium for fertility in cattle?

Recent studies indicate that the antral follicle population may be of paramount importance to improve reproductive performance in cows. There is already an agreement that the antral follicle count (AFC; follicles ≥3 mm in diameter) is a highly variable trait among animals, but with high repeatability in the same individual. Thus, females can be classified into low, intermediate or high AFC. Several studies in Bos taurus show a positive correlation between AFC and fertility parameters, such as increased quantity and quality of embryos, better pregnancy rates, higher progesterone levels, among others. However, there is still no consensus on AFC in Bos indicus females and indicus-taurus. This article aims to discuss the main aspects related to the population of antral follicles and its relation to the reproductive performance associated with the most common techniques in assisted reproduction (timed artificial insemination, in vitro embryo production, embryo transfer and superovulation).(AU)

Is the number of antral follicles an interesting selection criterium for fertility in cattle?

Recent studies indicate that the antral follicle population may be of paramount importance to improve reproductive performance in cows. There is already an agreement that the antral follicle count (AFC; follicles ≥3 mm in diameter) is a highly variable trait among animals, but with high repeatability in the same individual. Thus, females can be classified into low, intermediate or high AFC. Several studies in Bos taurus show a positive correlation between AFC and fertility parameters, such as increased quantity and quality of embryos, better pregnancy rates, higher progesterone levels, among others. However, there is still no consensus on AFC in Bos indicus females and indicus-taurus. This article aims to discuss the main aspects related to the population of antral follicles and its relation to the reproductive performance associated with the most common techniques in assisted reproduction (timed artificial insemination, in vitro embryo production, embryo transfer and superovulation).

Biomarcadores fisiológicos de ovelhas (Ovis aries) mestiças durante o periparto / Physiological biomarkers of crossbred sheep (Ovis aries) during peripartum

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar as variações nos constituintes do leucograma e doeritrograma no periparto de fêmeas ovinas da região norte do Paraná. Ovelhas mestiças (n = 9) foram submetidasà venopunção a cada 24 h nos cinco dias antecedentes ao parto, no momento do parto, 12 h, um, dois, três,quatro, oito e 16 dias pós-parto. As amostras foram coletadas em tubos contendo EDTA, e foram feitas asseguintes análises: volume globular (VG), hemoglobina (HB), hemácias (HE), volume corpuscular médio(VCM), concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM), hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM),Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) e contagem total e diferencial dos leucócitos. Os dados foram avaliados poranálise estatística descritiva e evidenciaram que os períodos gestacional e puerperal exercem influência sobre operfil leucocitário de ovelhas com predomínio de neutrófilos próximo do parto, no momento do parto e 12 h pósparto.O eritrograma não demonstrou grandes variações no transcorrer do experimento.(AU)

The aim of this study was to determine the variations in the constituents of the erythrocyte and leukocytecount in the peripartum female sheep of northern Paraná. Crossbred ewes (n = 9) underwent venipuncture every24 h in the five days prior to birth, in the moment of birth, and 12 h, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 16 days postpartum. Thesamples were collected in EDTA tubes and the following analyzes were performed: Globular Volume (VG),Hemoglobin (Hb), Red Blood Cells (HE), Mean Corpuscular Volume (VCM), Mean Corpuscular HemoglobinConcentration (CHCM), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (HCM), Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW), and totalcount and differential leukocyte. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistical analysis and showed thatpregnancy and puerperal influence on leukocyte profile of sheep with a predominance of neutrophil next of birth,in the moment of birth and 12 h postpartum. The hematological values showed no significant variations duringthe experiment.and 12 h postpartum. The hematological values showed no significant variations during theexperiment.(AU)

Biomarcadores fisiológicos de ovelhas (Ovis aries) mestiças durante o periparto / Physiological biomarkers of crossbred sheep (Ovis aries) during peripartum

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar as variações nos constituintes do leucograma e doeritrograma no periparto de fêmeas ovinas da região norte do Paraná. Ovelhas mestiças (n = 9) foram submetidasà venopunção a cada 24 h nos cinco dias antecedentes ao parto, no momento do parto, 12 h, um, dois, três,quatro, oito e 16 dias pós-parto. As amostras foram coletadas em tubos contendo EDTA, e foram feitas asseguintes análises: volume globular (VG), hemoglobina (HB), hemácias (HE), volume corpuscular médio(VCM), concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM), hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM),Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) e contagem total e diferencial dos leucócitos. Os dados foram avaliados poranálise estatística descritiva e evidenciaram que os períodos gestacional e puerperal exercem influência sobre operfil leucocitário de ovelhas com predomínio de neutrófilos próximo do parto, no momento do parto e 12 h pósparto.O eritrograma não demonstrou grandes variações no transcorrer do experimento.

The aim of this study was to determine the variations in the constituents of the erythrocyte and leukocytecount in the peripartum female sheep of northern Paraná. Crossbred ewes (n = 9) underwent venipuncture every24 h in the five days prior to birth, in the moment of birth, and 12 h, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 16 days postpartum. Thesamples were collected in EDTA tubes and the following analyzes were performed: Globular Volume (VG),Hemoglobin (Hb), Red Blood Cells (HE), Mean Corpuscular Volume (VCM), Mean Corpuscular HemoglobinConcentration (CHCM), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (HCM), Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW), and totalcount and differential leukocyte. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistical analysis and showed thatpregnancy and puerperal influence on leukocyte profile of sheep with a predominance of neutrophil next of birth,in the moment of birth and 12 h postpartum. The hematological values showed no significant variations duringthe experiment.and 12 h postpartum. The hematological values showed no significant variations during theexperiment.

Ovarian follicle reserve: emerging concepts and applications

This paper presents new concepts in the study of folliculogenesis and describes some of the current applications to reproductive biotechnology. The importance of better understanding this issue is addressed both for basic and applied research. After a brief review of the basic conceptions of the origin, formation, and growth of follicules according to stablished concepts, some controversial points, as the postnatal production of the follicles and the role of multioocyte follicles, are discussed. The importance of the ovarian follicular reserve is considered for fertility and reproductive parameters, as well as some questiones about the presence of multioocyte follicles in adult ovaries. Finally, some future prospects are proposed.

Ovarian follicle reserve: emerging concepts and applications

This paper presents new concepts in the study of folliculogenesis and describes some of the current applications to reproductive biotechnology. The importance of better understanding this issue is addressed both for basic and applied research. After a brief review of the basic conceptions of the origin, formation, and growth of follicules according to stablished concepts, some controversial points, as the postnatal production of the follicles and the role of multioocyte follicles, are discussed. The importance of the ovarian follicular reserve is considered for fertility and reproductive parameters, as well as some questiones about the presence of multioocyte follicles in adult ovaries. Finally, some future prospects are proposed.(AU)