Estudo da ocorrência de otopatias em felinos domésticos no município de Fortaleza/CE / Study of the occurrence of otopathies in domestic felines in the municipality of Fortaleza/CE

Estima-se que as otites externas estão presentes em 2 a 10% dos atendimentos na clínica de felinos, correspondendo a uma afecção clinicamente desafiadora nessa espécie. Diante disso, este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento retrospectivo da ocorrência de otopatias em felinos no município de Fortaleza/CE, em um período de três anos, contribuindo para o estabelecimento do perfil epidemiológico da região. O estudo foi realizado através da coparticipação de médicos-veterinários dermatólogos e clínicos de felinos, sendo elaborado de forma retrospectiva avaliando-se fichas clínicas de gatos com histórico de otopatias. Os dados demonstraram uma maior frequência de otites associadas às causas infecciosas, com 30% dos gatos acometidos pela levedura Malassezia spp., 17% por bactérias do tipo cocos e 1% pelo fungo dimórfico Sporothix schencki, seguido de origem parasitária pelos ácaros Otodectes cynotis e Notoedres cati com 18% e 2% dos animais estudados, respectivamente. Na associação entre os patógenos, a maior incidência correspondeu à infecção mista por fungos e bactérias (17%). Tratando-se de raças, os SRD obtiveram uma maior frequência geral no estudo e gatos machos foram mais acometidos em relação às fêmeas. Logo, ressalta-se a importância de estudos retrospectivos para a saúde única, a partir do estabelecimento do perfil epidemiológico da região e da identificação de potenciais agentes zoonóticos.

It is estimated that external otitis accounts for 2 to 10% of attendances at to the feline clinics, corresponding to a clinically challenging condition in this species. This work aims to carry out a retrospective survey of the occurrence of otopathies in cats in the city of Fortaleza/Ce in a period of 3 years, contributing to the establishment of the epidemiological profile of the region. The study was carried out through the co-participation of veterinarians, dermatologists and feline clinicians, and was elaborated retrospectively by evaluating clinical records of cats with a history of ear diseases. The data showed a higher frequency of otitis associated with infectious causes, with 30% of cats affected by the yeast Malassezia spp., 17% by coccus-type bacteria, and 1% by the dimorphic fungus Sporothix schencki, followed by otitis of parasitic origin caused by the mites Otodectes cynotis and Notoedres cati, corresponding to 18% and 2% of the studied animals, respectively. In the association between pathogens, the highest incidence corresponded to mixed infection by fungi and bacteria (17%). Regarding the breeds, SRD presented a higher overall frequency in the study, and male cats were more affected than females. Therefore, the importance of retrospective studies for single health is emphasized, based on the establishment of the epidemiological profile of the region and the identification of potential zoonotic agents.

Técnica de microagulhamento para tratamento de alopecia x em cães / Microneedling technique for treatment of alopecia X in dogs

A alopecia X é uma dermatopatia hormonal que afeta principalmente raças nórdicas e tem como características a ocorrência de alopecia não inflamatória bilateral e simétrica, melanodérmica. Ela não afeta a região distal dos membros e cabeça, acometendo, sobretudo, a região cervical, dorsal e perianal. O diagnóstico é baseado nos sinais clínicos que o animal apresenta, na exclusão de dermatopatias endócrinas como hiperadrenocorticismo e hipotireoidismo, em exames laboratoriais e em biopsia cutânea. O tratamento consiste na castração, melatonina, trilostano e/ou hormônio do crescimento. Recentemente, o microagulhamento tem sido uma alternativa viável em pacientes com alopecia X. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar o uso da técnica de microagulhamento em cães com alopecia X. Foram acompanhados dois cães, machos, da raça Spitz Alemão, com 2 e 5 anos de idade respectivamente, com um quadro alopécico e melanodermia na região de dorso e flanco e região cervical, caudal e perianal há mais de 2 anos. Depois de caracterizados como pacientes alopécicos X, os animais foram conduzidos à técnica de microagulhamento, exibindo repilação nas áreas alopécicas. Conclui-se dessa forma que o microagulhamento é uma técnica promissora para o tratamento da alopecia X.

Alopecia X is a hormonal dermatopathy that affects mainly Nordic breeds and has as its characteristics the occurrence of bilateral and symmetrical, melanodermic non-inflammatory alopecia. It does not affect the distal region of the limbs and head, mainly affecting the cervical, dorsal and perianal regions. The diagnosis is based on the clinical signs that the animal presents in the exclusion of endocrine dermatopathies such as hyperadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism, in laboratory tests and in cutaneous biopsy. Treatment consists of castration, melatonin, trilostan and/or growth hormone. Recently, microneedling has been a viable alternative in patients with alopecia X. The present work aimed to report the use of the microneedling technique in dogs with alopecia X. Two male German Spitz dogs, 2 and 5 years old respectively, with alopecia and melanodermia in the dorsum and flank region and cervical, caudal and perianal region for more than 2 years were followed. After being characterized as alopecia X patients, the animals were conducted to the microneedling technique, exhibiting repopulation in the alopecia areas. The conclusion is that microneedling is a promising technique for the treatment of alopecia X.

Técnica de microagulhamento para tratamento de alopecia x em cães / Microneedling technique for treatment of alopecia X in dogs

A alopecia X é uma dermatopatia hormonal que afeta principalmente raças nórdicas e tem como características a ocorrência de alopecia não inflamatória bilateral e simétrica, melanodérmica. Ela não afeta a região distal dos membros e cabeça, acometendo, sobretudo, a região cervical, dorsal e perianal. O diagnóstico é baseado nos sinais clínicos que o animal apresenta, na exclusão de dermatopatias endócrinas como hiperadrenocorticismo e hipotireoidismo, em exames laboratoriais e em biopsia cutânea. O tratamento consiste na castração, melatonina, trilostano e/ou hormônio do crescimento. Recentemente, o microagulhamento tem sido uma alternativa viável em pacientes com alopecia X. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar o uso da técnica de microagulhamento em cães com alopecia X. Foram acompanhados dois cães, machos, da raça Spitz Alemão, com 2 e 5 anos de idade respectivamente, com um quadro alopécico e melanodermia na região de dorso e flanco e região cervical, caudal e perianal há mais de 2 anos. Depois de caracterizados como pacientes alopécicos X, os animais foram conduzidos à técnica de microagulhamento, exibindo repilação nas áreas alopécicas. Conclui-se dessa forma que o microagulhamento é uma técnica promissora para o tratamento da alopecia X.(AU)

Alopecia X is a hormonal dermatopathy that affects mainly Nordic breeds and has as its characteristics the occurrence of bilateral and symmetrical, melanodermic non-inflammatory alopecia. It does not affect the distal region of the limbs and head, mainly affecting the cervical, dorsal and perianal regions. The diagnosis is based on the clinical signs that the animal presents in the exclusion of endocrine dermatopathies such as hyperadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism, in laboratory tests and in cutaneous biopsy. Treatment consists of castration, melatonin, trilostan and/or growth hormone. Recently, microneedling has been a viable alternative in patients with alopecia X. The present work aimed to report the use of the microneedling technique in dogs with alopecia X. Two male German Spitz dogs, 2 and 5 years old respectively, with alopecia and melanodermia in the dorsum and flank region and cervical, caudal and perianal region for more than 2 years were followed. After being characterized as alopecia X patients, the animals were conducted to the microneedling technique, exhibiting repopulation in the alopecia areas. The conclusion is that microneedling is a promising technique for the treatment of alopecia X.(AU)

Mupirocin pemphigus-like drug reaction in a dog

Background: Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, which generates morphofunctional alterations in cutaneous barrier, inducing autoimmune diseases, such as pemphigus foliaceous, which is known asthe most common autoimmune skin disease in dogs. This disease involves autoantibodies against desmoglein and desmocolinmolecules, being induced by the use of certain drugs. Mupirocin (pseudomonic acid A) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic withbacteriostatic activity, being effective against Gram-positive pathogens and used to control superficial bacterial folliculitis.Based on that, the aim of this study was to report a pemphigus-like lesions after topical use of mupirocin in dog.Case: An 1-year-old, uncastrated male, Poodle dog, weighing 13.8 kg was treated in a private clinic in Fortaleza. The maincomplaint was related to pruritus in abdominal and inguinal region, in addition of legs licking. Dermatological examination revealed melanic crusts, epidermal collars and diffuse pustules in inguinal, abdominal, perianal and thoraco-lumbarregions. The therapy was based on topical use of Mupirocin in form of 0.2% aquous spray. After drug administration, theanimal presented urticaria, diffuse epidermal collars, papulo-crusted and pustular lesions, which were more evident inabdominal and inguinal region. Nasal erythema, binocular blepharitis, apathy and fever were also observed. Cytologicalexamination and bacterial culture were performed, revealing inflammatory and acantholytic cells and no bacterial growth.Biopsy procedure revealed subcorneal pustule with presence of epithelial acantholytic cells and neutrophils, compatiblewith canine pemphigus foliaceous. The topical treatment of ocular lesions with 0.1% Tacrolimus associated with systemictreatment with high dose of prednisolone (1.2 mg kg-1)...

Mupirocin pemphigus-like drug reaction in a dog

Background: Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, which generates morphofunctional alterations in cutaneous barrier, inducing autoimmune diseases, such as pemphigus foliaceous, which is known asthe most common autoimmune skin disease in dogs. This disease involves autoantibodies against desmoglein and desmocolinmolecules, being induced by the use of certain drugs. Mupirocin (pseudomonic acid A) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic withbacteriostatic activity, being effective against Gram-positive pathogens and used to control superficial bacterial folliculitis.Based on that, the aim of this study was to report a pemphigus-like lesions after topical use of mupirocin in dog.Case: An 1-year-old, uncastrated male, Poodle dog, weighing 13.8 kg was treated in a private clinic in Fortaleza. The maincomplaint was related to pruritus in abdominal and inguinal region, in addition of legs licking. Dermatological examination revealed melanic crusts, epidermal collars and diffuse pustules in inguinal, abdominal, perianal and thoraco-lumbarregions. The therapy was based on topical use of Mupirocin in form of 0.2% aquous spray. After drug administration, theanimal presented urticaria, diffuse epidermal collars, papulo-crusted and pustular lesions, which were more evident inabdominal and inguinal region. Nasal erythema, binocular blepharitis, apathy and fever were also observed. Cytologicalexamination and bacterial culture were performed, revealing inflammatory and acantholytic cells and no bacterial growth.Biopsy procedure revealed subcorneal pustule with presence of epithelial acantholytic cells and neutrophils, compatiblewith canine pemphigus foliaceous. The topical treatment of ocular lesions with 0.1% Tacrolimus associated with systemictreatment with high dose of prednisolone (1.2 mg kg-1)...(AU)

Reação farmacodérmica após administração tópica de Mupirocina em cão / Cutaneous adverse drug reaction after topical administration of Mupirocin in dog

Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, capable of generating morpho-functional alterations in cutaneous barrier. The purpose of this study was to report a cutaneous adverse drug reaction after topical use of mupirocin in dog. The diagnosis was made through clinical-cytological analyzes. The therapy involved topical and systemic immunomodulatory drugs. Therefore, it is concluded that Mupirocin is capable of generating pharmacodermic reactions.

Reação farmacodérmica após administração tópica de Mupirocina em cão / Cutaneous adverse drug reaction after topical administration of Mupirocin in dog

Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, capable of generating morpho-functional alterations in cutaneous barrier. The purpose of this study was to report a cutaneous adverse drug reaction after topical use of mupirocin in dog. The diagnosis was made through clinical-cytological analyzes. The therapy involved topical and systemic immunomodulatory drugs. Therefore, it is concluded that Mupirocin is capable of generating pharmacodermic reactions.(AU)

Diferenciação hematológica e bioquímica de cães infectados por Leishmania infantum, Babesia spp., Dirofilaria spp. e vírus da Cinomose / Hematologic and biochemical differentiation of dogs infected with Leishmania infantum, Babesia spp., Dirofilaria spp. and Cinomosis virus

Patógenos virais, protozoários e helmintoícos podem ser transmitidos simultaneamente ao mesmo hospedeiro canino, através de vetores biológicos. A avaliação de parâmetros hematobioquímicos pode fornecer dados acerca da fisiopatologia das coinfecções. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o papel da coinfecção natural sobre o perfil hematológico e bioquímico de cães, naturalmente infectados por Leishmania infantum. Para tanto, foram utilizados 31 cães, distribuídos entre grupo controle (Grupo A, n=10) e grupo infectado (Grupo B, n=21), que foi subdividido em cães mono-infectados com L. infantum (Grupo B1, n=14) e co-infectados com L. infantum e Babesia spp., Dirofilaria spp. ou vírus da cinomose canina (Grupo B2, n=7). Amostras de sangue e soro foram analisadas, respectivamente, para avaliação de parâmetros hematológicos e dosagens bioquímicas de AST, ALT, ureia, creatinina e proteína total. Previamente, os animais foram avaliados por métodos sorológicos e parasitológicos, para confirmar as coinfecções. O protocolo experimental foi aprovado pelo CEUA/UECE (4609061/2014). Os resultados foram expressos em média±desvio padrão e foram analisados pelo teste t-Student não-pareado com p≤0,05. Hemácias, hemoglobina, hematócrito, plaquetas, eosinófilos e linfócitos apresentaram valores reduzidos (p≤0,05) nos Grupos B e B2, quando comparados com o Grupo A; enquanto que os teores de AST foram maiores (p≤0,05), na mesma comparação. O valor de ureia foi maior (p≤0,05) no Grupo B e menor no Grupo B2, quando comparado com o Grupo A. Os valores de ALT foram maiores (p≤0,05) no Grupo B1, em relação ao B2. As co-infecções influenciam nos parâmetros hematológicos e os níveis séricos de ALT, AST e ureia são importantes na avaliação bioquímica de cães acometidos por Leishmania infantum, em relação aos animais infectados...

Virus, protozoa and helminths may be transmitted simultaneously to the same canine host through biological vectors. The evaluation of blood-biochemical parameters can provide data about the pathophysiology of coinfection. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the role of natural coinfection on hematological and biochemical profile of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum. To this end, 31 dogs were randomly divided between control group (Group A, n=10) and infected group (group B, n=21), which was divided into dogs mono-infected with L. infantum (Group B1, n=14) and dogs co-infected with L. infantum and Dirofilaria spp, Babesia spp or canine distemper virus (B2 Group, n=7). Blood and serum samples were analyzed, respectively, for hematological and biochemical levels of AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, and total protein. Previously, animals were evaluated by serological and parasitological methods to confirm the co-infections. The experimental protocol was approved by CEUA / UECE (4609061/2014). Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and were analyzed by unpaired t-test with p≤0.05. Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelets showed reduced values (p≤0.05) in group B and B2 compared with group A, while AST levels were higher (p≤0.05) in the same comparison. The amount of urea was higher (p≤0.05) in Group B and lower in Group B2 when compared to Group A. ALT levels were higher (p≤0.05) in Group B1 relative to B2. It is concluded that coinfection influence on hematological parameters and serum levels of ALT, AST and urea are important in biochemical evaluation of affected dogs by L. infantum.

Diferenciação hematológica e bioquímica de cães infectados por Leishmania infantum, Babesia spp., Dirofilaria spp. e vírus da Cinomose / Hematologic and biochemical differentiation of dogs infected with Leishmania infantum, Babesia spp., Dirofilaria spp. and Cinomosis virus

Patógenos virais, protozoários e helmintoícos podem ser transmitidos simultaneamente ao mesmo hospedeiro canino, através de vetores biológicos. A avaliação de parâmetros hematobioquímicos pode fornecer dados acerca da fisiopatologia das coinfecções. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o papel da coinfecção natural sobre o perfil hematológico e bioquímico de cães, naturalmente infectados por Leishmania infantum. Para tanto, foram utilizados 31 cães, distribuídos entre grupo controle (Grupo A, n=10) e grupo infectado (Grupo B, n=21), que foi subdividido em cães mono-infectados com L. infantum (Grupo B1, n=14) e co-infectados com L. infantum e Babesia spp., Dirofilaria spp. ou vírus da cinomose canina (Grupo B2, n=7). Amostras de sangue e soro foram analisadas, respectivamente, para avaliação de parâmetros hematológicos e dosagens bioquímicas de AST, ALT, ureia, creatinina e proteína total. Previamente, os animais foram avaliados por métodos sorológicos e parasitológicos, para confirmar as coinfecções. O protocolo experimental foi aprovado pelo CEUA/UECE (4609061/2014). Os resultados foram expressos em média±desvio padrão e foram analisados pelo teste t-Student não-pareado com p≤0,05. Hemácias, hemoglobina, hematócrito, plaquetas, eosinófilos e linfócitos apresentaram valores reduzidos (p≤0,05) nos Grupos B e B2, quando comparados com o Grupo A; enquanto que os teores de AST foram maiores (p≤0,05), na mesma comparação. O valor de ureia foi maior (p≤0,05) no Grupo B e menor no Grupo B2, quando comparado com o Grupo A. Os valores de ALT foram maiores (p≤0,05) no Grupo B1, em relação ao B2. As co-infecções influenciam nos parâmetros hematológicos e os níveis séricos de ALT, AST e ureia são importantes na avaliação bioquímica de cães acometidos por Leishmania infantum, em relação aos animais infectados...(AU)

Virus, protozoa and helminths may be transmitted simultaneously to the same canine host through biological vectors. The evaluation of blood-biochemical parameters can provide data about the pathophysiology of coinfection. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the role of natural coinfection on hematological and biochemical profile of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum. To this end, 31 dogs were randomly divided between control group (Group A, n=10) and infected group (group B, n=21), which was divided into dogs mono-infected with L. infantum (Group B1, n=14) and dogs co-infected with L. infantum and Dirofilaria spp, Babesia spp or canine distemper virus (B2 Group, n=7). Blood and serum samples were analyzed, respectively, for hematological and biochemical levels of AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, and total protein. Previously, animals were evaluated by serological and parasitological methods to confirm the co-infections. The experimental protocol was approved by CEUA / UECE (4609061/2014). Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and were analyzed by unpaired t-test with p≤0.05. Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelets showed reduced values (p≤0.05) in group B and B2 compared with group A, while AST levels were higher (p≤0.05) in the same comparison. The amount of urea was higher (p≤0.05) in Group B and lower in Group B2 when compared to Group A. ALT levels were higher (p≤0.05) in Group B1 relative to B2. It is concluded that coinfection influence on hematological parameters and serum levels of ALT, AST and urea are important in biochemical evaluation of affected dogs by L. infantum.(AU)