Resumo
PURPOSE:To evaluate the contamination index of metals and pesticides in pregnant women, and to relate this to perinatal outcomes.METHODS:Descriptive, retrospective, exploratory study, developed from existing secondary data analyses at Level III maternity center. A total of 40 mothers with their newborns (NB), living in a rural area in Botucatu- Brazil and surrounding region. Blood samples from mothers and newborn were collected to determine the total contamination index for metals and pesticides. The concentrations of each metal and each pesticide were determined in blood samples of mothers and their newborns by Rudge's results. After obtaining these concentrations, the total contamination index in mother and NB was calculated, along with its correlation with clinical parameters of NB.RESULTS:There was no correlation (p> 0.05) between maternal contamination index with NB clinical parameters, and NB contamination index versus NB clinical parameters.CONCLUSION:The maternal contamination index of metals and pesticides was not related to perinatal outcomes, but it could be used as baseline parameter in future toxicological studies, regarding to long-term toxic characteristics as persistent organic pollutants, its long half-lives, bioacumulative, and expected to impose serious health effects on humans.(AU)
Resumo
This work employed pregnant rats treated with Solanum lycocarpum unripe fruits (10% in diet) from gestation day (GD) 06 to post-natalday (PND) 07, for the evaluation of the sperm number, daily sperm production and epididymal sperm transit time of the male offspring at PND 60 and PND 90. No differences were observed in the daily sperm production (DSP) and sperm number in the testis of the exposed males at PND 60 and PND 90. Also, no alterations were observed in sperm transit time in the caput epididymis of the exposed males at PND 60 and PND 90. However, a reduced sperm transit time was observed in the corpus/cauda epididymis of the experimental males at PND 90. The last data may explain the reduced sperm number observed in the corpus/cauda epididymis of the experimental male rats at PND 90. These data show that the male rats exposed to S.lycocarpum fruits during gestation did not present alterations in testis sperm production and number, however the sperm transit time through epididymis was impaired, resulting in a decreased number of spermatozoa in epididymis cauda. We conclude that S. lycocarpummay cause imbalance on hypothalamus-pituitary gland axis.(AU)
Ratas prenhes foram tratadas do dia 06 da gestação (GD 06) ao dia 07 pós-natal (PND 07) com frutos verdes secos e moídos da Solanum lycocarpum (10% na ração). Após nascimento das ninhadas, foi avaliado na prole masculina adulta aos 60 e 90 dias de vida, o número de espermátides e a produção espermática diária nos testículos e o tempo de trânsito espermático no epidídimo. A exposição não foi capaz de promover alterações na produção espermática diária (DSP) e no número de espermátides produzidas pelo testículo dos ratos expostos aos frutos verdes da S. lycocarpum durante a gestação e início da lactação. Não foram observadas alterações no tempo de trânsito espermático na cabeça do epidídimo, porém, foi constatado menor número de espermatozóides no corpo/cauda do epidídimo nos machos experimentais com 90 dias de vida, provavelmente resultante do menor tempo de trânsito espermático observado no corpo/cauda do epidídimo aos PND 90. Estes dados sugerem que a exposição de ratos aos frutos verdes da S. lycocarpum durante a gestação e início dalactação, não foi suficiente para promover alterações na produção mas sim no trânsito espermático, indicando possível alteração no eixo hormônio liberador das gonadotrofinas hipotálamo-hipófise-gônada.(AU)