Infecção pelo vírus da Febre do Nilo Ocidental em equinos no Estado de São Paulo / West Nile Fever virus infection in horses in São Paulo state, Brazil

Background: The West Nile virus (WNV) antibodies were reported in Brazil in the serum samples taken from horses andbirds in the Midwest region and Paraíba state in 2008 and 2013, respectively. In 2014, the first human case was confirmedin a rural worker in the state of Piauí and, in 2018, the virus was isolated from the central nervous system of a horse withnervous symptoms in the state of Espírito Santo. The virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family of the genus Flavivirus(neurotropic), infecting several mammalian species, with humans and horses being the most susceptible. Approximately35% of horses develop clinical signs, thus they are considered the best sentinels for this disease. The aim of this case reportis to describe the first confirmed cases of West Nile Fever (WNF) in two horses in the state of São Paulo.Cases: Two horses with neurological symptoms were treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Cruzeiro do Sul University (SãoPaulo, SP), in 2019. Both horses came from neighboring regions that have a large Atlantic Forest preservation area and arealso routes for migratory birds, known to be competent hosts for transmitting the West Nile Fever virus, such as the swallow,the falcon and the hawk. The first one had symptoms, such as weakness and sporadic seizures; however, after recovering,it was hospitalized a few days later due to kidney failure and laminitis. The second one showed incoordination, pelviclimb weakness, and was walking in circles, evolving to seizures. Both animals were euthanized, and their central nervoussystem samples and total blood samples were tested for rabies, herpes virus, and WNV; the first 2 tests showed negativeresults. Ribonucleic acids (RNA) were extracted from erythrocytes using the polymerase...

Onfalocele em bezerro neonato / Omphalocele in neonate calf

Background: An omphalocele is a rare congenital malformation characterized by the protrusion of the abdominal contentsthrough the base of the umbilical cord. A defect in the midline of the abdomen results in the abdominal contents beingcovered by a membranous sac near the umbilical cord, which ultimately results in the failure of the abdominal organs toreturn to the abdominal cavity in the early gestational stages and the development of an omphalocele. This study aimed toaddress the diagnosis, medical-surgical management, and treatment for an omphalocele in a newborn calf.Case: A 2-day-old male Red Angus calf, weighing 35 kg, was referred to the HVU-UFSM. According to the owner, theanimal was born via normal delivery, had ingested milk, was alert, and had an enlarged pendulous abdomen at the umbilicus. Physical examination did not show any changes in vital functions; however, intestinal stasis was observed. Anin-depth examination revealed the presence of a round mass of tissue approximately 15 cm in diameter that was fillingthe remnant of the umbilical cord. This structure was covered by a thin, slightly dried membrane that isolated the contentsfrom the external environment. On palpation, the mass was firm and non-reducible, and an omphalocele was suspected.Given the severity of the condition, the animal immediately underwent an emergency surgical procedure to correct thecongenital defect. The surgery involved placing the intestinal loops that were present inside the sac in the abdominal cavity. At the end of the procedure, the animal was placed in a quadrupedal position to better assess omphalocele reduction.Postoperatively, the following medications were administered: a single dose of an analgesic along with a dipyrone andhyoscine-based antispasmodic (25 mg/kg, IM), an enrofloxacin-based antibiotic (2.5 mg/kg, IM) once a day for 7 days...

Infecção pelo vírus da Febre do Nilo Ocidental em equinos no Estado de São Paulo / West Nile Fever virus infection in horses in São Paulo state, Brazil

Background: The West Nile virus (WNV) antibodies were reported in Brazil in the serum samples taken from horses andbirds in the Midwest region and Paraíba state in 2008 and 2013, respectively. In 2014, the first human case was confirmedin a rural worker in the state of Piauí and, in 2018, the virus was isolated from the central nervous system of a horse withnervous symptoms in the state of Espírito Santo. The virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family of the genus Flavivirus(neurotropic), infecting several mammalian species, with humans and horses being the most susceptible. Approximately35% of horses develop clinical signs, thus they are considered the best sentinels for this disease. The aim of this case reportis to describe the first confirmed cases of West Nile Fever (WNF) in two horses in the state of São Paulo.Cases: Two horses with neurological symptoms were treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Cruzeiro do Sul University (SãoPaulo, SP), in 2019. Both horses came from neighboring regions that have a large Atlantic Forest preservation area and arealso routes for migratory birds, known to be competent hosts for transmitting the West Nile Fever virus, such as the swallow,the falcon and the hawk. The first one had symptoms, such as weakness and sporadic seizures; however, after recovering,it was hospitalized a few days later due to kidney failure and laminitis. The second one showed incoordination, pelviclimb weakness, and was walking in circles, evolving to seizures. Both animals were euthanized, and their central nervoussystem samples and total blood samples were tested for rabies, herpes virus, and WNV; the first 2 tests showed negativeresults. Ribonucleic acids (RNA) were extracted from erythrocytes using the polymerase...(AU)

Onfalocele em bezerro neonato / Omphalocele in neonate calf

Background: An omphalocele is a rare congenital malformation characterized by the protrusion of the abdominal contentsthrough the base of the umbilical cord. A defect in the midline of the abdomen results in the abdominal contents beingcovered by a membranous sac near the umbilical cord, which ultimately results in the failure of the abdominal organs toreturn to the abdominal cavity in the early gestational stages and the development of an omphalocele. This study aimed toaddress the diagnosis, medical-surgical management, and treatment for an omphalocele in a newborn calf.Case: A 2-day-old male Red Angus calf, weighing 35 kg, was referred to the HVU-UFSM. According to the owner, theanimal was born via normal delivery, had ingested milk, was alert, and had an enlarged pendulous abdomen at the umbilicus. Physical examination did not show any changes in vital functions; however, intestinal stasis was observed. Anin-depth examination revealed the presence of a round mass of tissue approximately 15 cm in diameter that was fillingthe remnant of the umbilical cord. This structure was covered by a thin, slightly dried membrane that isolated the contentsfrom the external environment. On palpation, the mass was firm and non-reducible, and an omphalocele was suspected.Given the severity of the condition, the animal immediately underwent an emergency surgical procedure to correct thecongenital defect. The surgery involved placing the intestinal loops that were present inside the sac in the abdominal cavity. At the end of the procedure, the animal was placed in a quadrupedal position to better assess omphalocele reduction.Postoperatively, the following medications were administered: a single dose of an analgesic along with a dipyrone andhyoscine-based antispasmodic (25 mg/kg, IM), an enrofloxacin-based antibiotic (2.5 mg/kg, IM) once a day for 7 days...(AU)

Psoroptes ovis infestation of sheep in São Vicente do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil / Sarna psoróptica ovina em São Vicente do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Sheep psoroptic mange is a form of highly itchy and contagious dermatitis caused by the mite Psoroptes ovis. Here, we reporteda case of sheep psoroptic mange outbreak at a property in São Vicente do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Poor nutritional status, restless behavior, pruritus, wool fall, yellowish crusted skin lesions with edge exudate, erythema surrounding the lesions and presence of wool trapped between the teeth were observed in the herd. Complete blood count test showed marked eosinophilia, and parasitological examination of a skin scrape revealed P. ovis. Histopathological examination of a skin biopsy sample revealed eosinophilic pustular dermatitis. The treatment consisted of two administrations of 1% ivermectin at 1 mL/33 kg of body weight subcutaneously over an interval of 10 days. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of psoroptic mange at a sheep farm of RS with description of the clinical signs and laboratory and histopathological findings.(AU)

A sarna psoróptica ovina é uma dermatite altamente pruriginosa e contagiosa causada pelo ácaro Psoroptes ovis. Este trabalho registra o caso da doença em uma propriedade no município de São Vicente do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brasil. No rebanho foram observados mau estado de nutrição, comportamento inquieto, prurido, queda de lã, lesões crostosas amareladas na pele com exsudato nas bordas, eritema perilesional e presença de lã presa entre os dentes. O hemograma mostrou marcada eosinofilia e um raspado cutâneo demonstrou a presença de P. ovis no exame parasitológico. No exame histopatológico, oriundo de uma biópsia de pele, observou-se dermatite pustular eosinofílica. O tratamento consistiu de duas administrações de ivermectina a 1% na dose de 1ml/33kg de peso corporal por via subcutânea em um intervalo de 10 dias. Este é primeiro estudo relatando a ocorrência, sinais clínicos e achados laboratoriais/histopatológicos da sarna psoróptica em uma propriedade de criação de ovinos no RS.(AU)

Prevalence and distribution of feet lesions in dairy cows raised in the freestall / Prevalência e distribuição de lesões podais em vacas leiteiras criadas em free stall

Foot lesions are one of the main causes of productivity losses in the dairy industry. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of claudication and distribution of hoof lesions by associating them with preventive hoof trimming, as well as list the main causes of involuntary discarding and the main health problems reported in dairy farms. The study included 10 farms distributed in 7 municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul state. The body condition score (BCS) and locomotion score (LS) of the cows were assessed. Hoof examination, lesion classification, and hoof trimming of the animals were performed. Of the 492 animals, 38.4% presented lameness and 36% had foot lesions, 81.4% of which were observed in the pelvic limbs and 19.6% in the thoracic limbs. Of the lesions in the limbs, 47.1% were of infectious origin and 52.9% were noninfectious. The main lesions were sole ulcers (31.6%), digital dermatitis (30.3%), thin soles (12%), and interdigital dermatitis (11.2%). Cows aged 4 to 6 years had a higher number of lesions and a higher LS. Preventive hoof trimming reduced the chances of lameness by 55% as the locomotive system was the main sanitary problem and the first reason for involuntary disposal of the farms. The results show that dairy cows raised in a free stall system have a high prevalence of claudication and foot diseases. These data should be taken into account when altering the livestock management of these animals in order to reduce significant economic losses in the herd.(AU)

As lesões podais são uma das principais causas de perdas de produtividade na indústria leiteira. Neste estudo, tivemos como objetivo estimar a prevalência de claudicação e distribuição de lesões de casco associando-as com a realização de casqueamento preventivo, assim como elencar as principais causas de descarte involuntário e de principais problemas sanitários relatados nas propriedades. Foram incluídas no estudo 10 propriedades, distribuídas em 7 municípios do Rio Grande do Sul. As vacas foram examinadas quanto ao seu escore de condição corporal (ECC) e escore de locomoção (EL). Foram realizados os exames de casco, a classificação das lesões e o casqueamento dos animais. Dos 492 animais, 38,4% apresentaram claudicação e 36% possuíam lesões podais, sendo 81,4% delas observadas nos membros pélvicos e 19,6% nos membros torácicos. Das lesões nos membros, 47,1% foram de origem infecciosa e 52,9% não infecciosa. As principais lesões diagnosticadas foram úlcera de sola (31,6%), dermatite digital (30,3%), sola delgada (12%) e dermatite interdigital (11,2%). As vacas com idade entre 4 e 6 anos apresentaram maior concentração de lesões e maior grau de EL. O casqueamento preventivo reduziu em 55% as chances de claudicação, assim como o sistema locomotor foi o principal problema sanitário e primeiro motivo de descarte involuntário das propriedades. Os resultados obtidos revelam que vacas leiteiras criadas em sistema free stall apresentam uma alta prevalência de claudicação e de afecções podais. Esses dados devem ser levados em consideração quando da alteração do manejo de criação destes animais, visando a reduzir as expressivas perdas econômicas no rebanho.(AU)

Occurrence of anemia in Holstein calves in the first month after birth / Ocorrência de anemia em bezerras da raça Holandesa no primeiro mês de vida

The high mortality rates of calves has encouraged research of the physiological mechanisms that control birth and adaptation of newborns to extrauterine life, to allow early identification of the presence of disease characteristics during the neonatal period. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of anemia in Holstein calves in the first month after birth and address the lack of information on the subject in neonates raised under national conditions. In total, 385 animals, 199 from refrigerated type A raw milk producing and 186 from refrigerated raw milk producing dairy farms, were surveyed. Anemia was observed in 14.3 % of the heifers (55/385), with a higher frequency in the farms producing type A milk (18.6 %, 37/199). It was concluded that the frequency of anemia is significant in neonates of the studied breed, particularly in those with more technified properties (type A milk), with this condition being, in most cases, a possible etiology of iron-deficiency.(AU)

As altas taxas de mortalidade de bezerros têm incentivado pesquisas para o estudo dos mecanismos fisiológicos que controlam o nascimento e a adaptação desses neonatos à vida extrauterina, de modo a permitir a identificação precoce da higidez ou presença de enfermidades características do período neonatal. Este estudo para o estabelecimento da ocorrência de anemia em bezerras da raça Holandesa no primeiro mês de vida considerou 385 animais, sendo 199 provenientes de granjas leiteiras (produtoras de leite cru refrigerado do tipo A) e 186 de estábulos leiteiros (produtores de leite cru refrigerado), e permitiu o levantamento motivado pela ausência de informações sobre o tema em neonatos criados em condições nacionais. A anemia foi observada em 14,3% das bezerras (55/385), tendo frequência maior nas granjas produtoras de leite tipo A (18,6%; 37/199). Concluiu-se que a frequência de anemia é significativa em bezerros neonatos da raça estudada, particularmente nas propriedades mais tecnificadas (leite A), tendo essa condição, na maioria dos casos, uma possível etiologia ferropriva.(AU)

Occurrence of anemia in Holstein calves in the first month after birth / Ocorrência de anemia em bezerras da raça Holandesa no primeiro mês de vida

The high mortality rates of calves has encouraged research of the physiological mechanisms that control birth and adaptation of newborns to extrauterine life, to allow early identification of the presence of disease characteristics during the neonatal period. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of anemia in Holstein calves in the first month after birth and address the lack of information on the subject in neonates raised under national conditions. In total, 385 animals, 199 from refrigerated type A raw milk producing and 186 from refrigerated raw milk producing dairy farms, were surveyed. Anemia was observed in 14.3 % of the heifers (55/385), with a higher frequency in the farms producing type A milk (18.6 %, 37/199). It was concluded that the frequency of anemia is significant in neonates of the studied breed, particularly in those with more technified properties (type A milk), with this condition being, in most cases, a possible etiology of iron-deficiency.

As altas taxas de mortalidade de bezerros têm incentivado pesquisas para o estudo dos mecanismos fisiológicos que controlam o nascimento e a adaptação desses neonatos à vida extrauterina, de modo a permitir a identificação precoce da higidez ou presença de enfermidades características do período neonatal. Este estudo para o estabelecimento da ocorrência de anemia em bezerras da raça Holandesa no primeiro mês de vida considerou 385 animais, sendo 199 provenientes de granjas leiteiras (produtoras de leite cru refrigerado do tipo A) e 186 de estábulos leiteiros (produtores de leite cru refrigerado), e permitiu o levantamento motivado pela ausência de informações sobre o tema em neonatos criados em condições nacionais. A anemia foi observada em 14,3% das bezerras (55/385), tendo frequência maior nas granjas produtoras de leite tipo A (18,6%; 37/199). Concluiu-se que a frequência de anemia é significativa em bezerros neonatos da raça estudada, particularmente nas propriedades mais tecnificadas (leite A), tendo essa condição, na maioria dos casos, uma possível etiologia ferropriva.

Effect of using trace minerals (copper, zinc, selenium, and manganese) and vitamins A and E on the metabolic profile of Holstein cows in the transition period / Efeito do uso de minerais traços (cobre, zinco, selênio e manganês) e vitaminas A e E sobre o perfil metabólico de vacas holandesas no período de transição

The aim of this study was to assess the metaphylactic effect of subcutaneous doses of trace minerals (copper, zinc, selenium, and manganese) and vitamins A and E on biochemical (NEFA, BHBA, fructosamine, urea, triglycerides, HDL, and calcium) and hormonal parameters (cortisol, insulin, and IGF-1) of Holstein cows in the transition period. Sixty animals kept in a semi-confinement system, with an average production of 22 liters of milk per day (Farm 1) and 24 liters of milk per day (Farm 2) and a diet according to NRC (2001) with a low metabolic challenge, were divided into two groups: a treatment group, supplemented with trace minerals and vitamins (MTVG) (n=30), and a control group (CG) (n=30). The collection of blood samples was performed at the moments M1 (21 days prepartum), M2 (14 days prepartum), M3 (7 days prepartum), M4 (parturition day), M5 (7 days postpartum), M6 (14 days postpartum), and M7 (21 days postpartum). The experimental design was a randomized block design and the data were submitted to analysis of variance with repeated measures in time within the random variable cow. Differences were considered significant at 5% significance level and trend at 10% level. No difference was observed between treatment and the interaction treatment × day in the assessed parameters. However, some variables showed a significant difference of day. NEFA levels (P < 0.0001) were higher on the parturition day. BHBA concentrations were higher after parturition (P=0.0031), with a peak at the third week of lactation. Fructosamine showed increasing values until the parturition day (P=0.0373), in which higher concentrations were observed. Average values of HDL were higher at 21 days postpartum (P < 0.0001). Triglycerides levels remained high during the prepartum period but showed a sudden drop on the parturition day (P < 0.0001), with lower values postpartum.[...](AU)

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito metafilático de doses subcutâneas de minerais traços (cobre, zinco, selênio e manganês) e vitaminas A e E, sobre parâmetros bioquímicos (teores de AGNES, BHBA, frutosamina, ureia, triglicerídos, HDL e cálcio) e hormonais (cortisol, insulina e IGF-1) de vacas holandesas no período de transição. Sessenta animais, provenientes de duas propriedades com sistema de semi-confinamento, com médias de produção de 22 litros de leite por dia (propriedade 1) e 24 litros de leite por dia (propriedade 2), recebendo dieta de acordo a recomendação do NRC (2001), ou seja, em baixo desafio metabólico, foram divididos em dois grupos: animais que receberam doses de minerais traços e vitaminas (GMTV) (n=30) e Controle (GC) (n=30). As coletas das amostras de sangue foram realizadas nos seguintes momentos: M1 (21 dias pré-parto), M2 (14 dias pré-parto), M3 (sete dias pré-parto), M4 (dia do parto), M5 (sete dias após o parto), M6 (14 dias após o parto) e M7 (21 dias após o parto). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, sendo os dados submetidos à análise de variância, com medidas repetidas no tempo dentro da variável aleatória vaca. Foram consideradas significativas as diferenças ao nível de 5% de significância e tendência ao nível de 10%. Não houve diferença entre tratamento e interação tratamento x dia nos parâmetros avaliados. No entanto, para algumas variáveis houve diferença significativa de dia. Os teores de AGNES (P < 0,0001) foram maiores no dia do parto. As concentrações de BHBA (P=0,0031) alcançaram os valores mais elevados na terceira semana de lactação. A frutosamina exibiu valores crescentes até o dia do parto (P=0,0373), onde se observaram maiores concentrações.[...](AU)

Effect of using trace minerals (copper, zinc, selenium, and manganese) and vitamins A and E on the metabolic profile of Holstein cows in the transition period / Efeito do uso de minerais traços (cobre, zinco, selênio e manganês) e vitaminas A e E sobre o perfil metabólico de vacas holandesas no período de transição

The aim of this study was to assess the metaphylactic effect of subcutaneous doses of trace minerals (copper, zinc, selenium, and manganese) and vitamins A and E on biochemical (NEFA, BHBA, fructosamine, urea, triglycerides, HDL, and calcium) and hormonal parameters (cortisol, insulin, and IGF-1) of Holstein cows in the transition period. Sixty animals kept in a semi-confinement system, with an average production of 22 liters of milk per day (Farm 1) and 24 liters of milk per day (Farm 2) and a diet according to NRC (2001) with a low metabolic challenge, were divided into two groups: a treatment group, supplemented with trace minerals and vitamins (MTVG) (n=30), and a control group (CG) (n=30). The collection of blood samples was performed at the moments M1 (21 days prepartum), M2 (14 days prepartum), M3 (7 days prepartum), M4 (parturition day), M5 (7 days postpartum), M6 (14 days postpartum), and M7 (21 days postpartum). The experimental design was a randomized block design and the data were submitted to analysis of variance with repeated measures in time within the random variable cow. Differences were considered significant at 5% significance level and trend at 10% level. No difference was observed between treatment and the interaction treatment × day in the assessed parameters. However, some variables showed a significant difference of day. NEFA levels (P < 0.0001) were higher on the parturition day. BHBA concentrations were higher after parturition (P=0.0031), with a peak at the third week of lactation. Fructosamine showed increasing values until the parturition day (P=0.0373), in which higher concentrations were observed. Average values of HDL were higher at 21 days postpartum (P < 0.0001). Triglycerides levels remained high during the prepartum period but showed a sudden drop on the parturition day (P < 0.0001), with lower values postpartum.[...]

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito metafilático de doses subcutâneas de minerais traços (cobre, zinco, selênio e manganês) e vitaminas A e E, sobre parâmetros bioquímicos (teores de AGNES, BHBA, frutosamina, ureia, triglicerídos, HDL e cálcio) e hormonais (cortisol, insulina e IGF-1) de vacas holandesas no período de transição. Sessenta animais, provenientes de duas propriedades com sistema de semi-confinamento, com médias de produção de 22 litros de leite por dia (propriedade 1) e 24 litros de leite por dia (propriedade 2), recebendo dieta de acordo a recomendação do NRC (2001), ou seja, em baixo desafio metabólico, foram divididos em dois grupos: animais que receberam doses de minerais traços e vitaminas (GMTV) (n=30) e Controle (GC) (n=30). As coletas das amostras de sangue foram realizadas nos seguintes momentos: M1 (21 dias pré-parto), M2 (14 dias pré-parto), M3 (sete dias pré-parto), M4 (dia do parto), M5 (sete dias após o parto), M6 (14 dias após o parto) e M7 (21 dias após o parto). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, sendo os dados submetidos à análise de variância, com medidas repetidas no tempo dentro da variável aleatória vaca. Foram consideradas significativas as diferenças ao nível de 5% de significância e tendência ao nível de 10%. Não houve diferença entre tratamento e interação tratamento x dia nos parâmetros avaliados. No entanto, para algumas variáveis houve diferença significativa de dia. Os teores de AGNES (P < 0,0001) foram maiores no dia do parto. As concentrações de BHBA (P=0,0031) alcançaram os valores mais elevados na terceira semana de lactação. A frutosamina exibiu valores crescentes até o dia do parto (P=0,0373), onde se observaram maiores concentrações.[...]

Effect of injectable trace mineral supplement and vitamins A and E on production and milk composition of Holstein cows / Efeito de um suplemento mineral traço e vitaminas A e E injetáveis sobre a produção e composição de leite em vacas Holandesas

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the use of mineral traces (Copper, Zinc, Selenium, and Manganese), as well as vitamins A and E in injectable forms on the production and composition of Dutch cow milk at the end of the transitional period, until after 60 days of lactation. 31 females were divided into two experimental groups: the treated grou p (n= 15) that received mineral supplements (10 mg of Copper, 40 mg of Zinc, 5 mg of Selenium, and 10 mg of Manganese) and vitamins (175 mg of vitamin A and 250 mg of vitamin E) and injections (5 mL minerals trace solution and 5 mL vitamin solution subcutaneously). After 225 gestation days, 255 pregnancy days and the estimated day of delivery, the control group (n = 16) that received injections of the sterilizing solution (5 mL dosage from a subcutaneous via) on the same days as the treated group. Milk samples were collected on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after birth, which were used to evaluate the production, the quality (colostrum), and composition (fat, lactose, protein, nonfat dry extract, total solids, urea, and somatic cell count (SCC)). The initial and minimum values estimated by the model indicated that there was not a difference in milk production and SCC levels between the groups. Among the remaining milk components, only the urea showed significant differences between treated and untreated groups (p= 0.002). Also, there were no significant differences observed in the quality of the colostrum. This leads us to believe that the use of injectable solutions containing Cu, Zn, Se, Mn and vitamins A and E have no effect on the composition of urea in the milk, and also showed no effect on SCC and other milk components, as well as in production. However, more studies should be performed.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de minerais traços (cobre, zinco, selênio e manganês) e vitaminas A e E, na forma injetável, sobre a produção e composição do leite de vacas holandesas no final do período de transição até os 60 dias de lactação. Foram utilizadas 31 fêmeas holandesas divididas em dois grupos experimentais: grupo tratado (n=15) que recebeu suplementação de minerais (10 mg de cobre, 40 mg de zinco, 5 mg de selênio e 10 mg de manganês) e de vitaminas (175 mg de vitamina A e 250 mg de vitamina E) injetável (5 mL da solução dos microminerais e 5 mL das vitaminas pela via subcutânea) aos 225 dias de gestação, aos 255 dias de gestação e no dia do parto; e o grupo controle (n=16), que recebeu injeções de solução fisiológica (na dose de 5 mL pela via subcutânea) nos mesmos dias do grupo tratado. Amostras de leite foram coletadas nos dias sete, 14 e 21 após o parto, onde avaliou-se a produção, a qualidade (colostro), e a composição (gordura, lactose, proteína, extrato seco desengordurado, sólidos totais, ureia e contagem de células somáticas (CCS)) do leite. Os valores iniciais e valores mínimos estimados pelo modelo não indicaram diferença na produção de leite e na CCS entre os grupos. Para o restante dos componentes do leite, somente a ureia apresentou diferença significativa entre os grupos tratados e não tratados (p= 0,002). Também não foi verificada diferença significativa para qualidade de colostro. Portanto, conclui-se que o uso de solução injetável contendo Cu, Zn, Se, Mn e vitaminas A e E tem efeito sobre a composição da ureia do leite, porém não se observou efeito sobre CCS e os demais componentes do leite e na sua produção, porém mais estudos devem ser realizados.

Effect of injectable trace mineral supplement and vitamins A and E on production and milk composition of Holstein cows / Efeito de um suplemento mineral traço e vitaminas A e E injetáveis sobre a produção e composição de leite em vacas Holandesas

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the use of mineral traces (Copper, Zinc, Selenium, and Manganese), as well as vitamins A and E in injectable forms on the production and composition of Dutch cow milk at the end of the transitional period, until after 60 days of lactation. 31 females were divided into two experimental groups: the treated grou p (n= 15) that received mineral supplements (10 mg of Copper, 40 mg of Zinc, 5 mg of Selenium, and 10 mg of Manganese) and vitamins (175 mg of vitamin A and 250 mg of vitamin E) and injections (5 mL minerals trace solution and 5 mL vitamin solution subcutaneously). After 225 gestation days, 255 pregnancy days and the estimated day of delivery, the control group (n = 16) that received injections of the sterilizing solution (5 mL dosage from a subcutaneous via) on the same days as the treated group. Milk samples were collected on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after birth, which were used to evaluate the production, the quality (colostrum), and composition (fat, lactose, protein, nonfat dry extract, total solids, urea, and somatic cell count (SCC)). The initial and minimum values estimated by the model indicated that there was not a difference in milk production and SCC levels between the groups. Among the remaining milk components, only the urea showed significant differences between treated and untreated groups (p= 0.002). Also, there were no significant differences observed in the quality of the colostrum. This leads us to believe that the use of injectable solutions containing Cu, Zn, Se, Mn and vitamins A and E have no effect on the composition of urea in the milk, and also showed no effect on SCC and other milk components, as well as in production. However, more studies should be performed.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de minerais traços (cobre, zinco, selênio e manganês) e vitaminas A e E, na forma injetável, sobre a produção e composição do leite de vacas holandesas no final do período de transição até os 60 dias de lactação. Foram utilizadas 31 fêmeas holandesas divididas em dois grupos experimentais: grupo tratado (n=15) que recebeu suplementação de minerais (10 mg de cobre, 40 mg de zinco, 5 mg de selênio e 10 mg de manganês) e de vitaminas (175 mg de vitamina A e 250 mg de vitamina E) injetável (5 mL da solução dos microminerais e 5 mL das vitaminas pela via subcutânea) aos 225 dias de gestação, aos 255 dias de gestação e no dia do parto; e o grupo controle (n=16), que recebeu injeções de solução fisiológica (na dose de 5 mL pela via subcutânea) nos mesmos dias do grupo tratado. Amostras de leite foram coletadas nos dias sete, 14 e 21 após o parto, onde avaliou-se a produção, a qualidade (colostro), e a composição (gordura, lactose, proteína, extrato seco desengordurado, sólidos totais, ureia e contagem de células somáticas (CCS)) do leite. Os valores iniciais e valores mínimos estimados pelo modelo não indicaram diferença na produção de leite e na CCS entre os grupos. Para o restante dos componentes do leite, somente a ureia apresentou diferença significativa entre os grupos tratados e não tratados (p= 0,002). Também não foi verificada diferença significativa para qualidade de colostro. Portanto, conclui-se que o uso de solução injetável contendo Cu, Zn, Se, Mn e vitaminas A e E tem efeito sobre a composição da ureia do leite, porém não se observou efeito sobre CCS e os demais componentes do leite e na sua produção, porém mais estudos devem ser realizados.(AU)

Efecto de levadura rica en cromo orgânico en la concentración de protozoarios ruminales de corderos / Effect of chromium-rich yeast on the concentration of rumen protozoa in lambs / Efeito de levedura rica em cromo orgânico na concentração de protozoários ruminais de cordeiros

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la Sacharomices cerevisae rica en cromo sobre la concentración de protozoarios ruminales en ovinos. Cuatro corderos de la raza Texel con cuatro meses de edad se utilizaron, los cuales fueron sometidos a un periodo de adaptación alimentar de 15 días y alojados en jaulas metabólicas individuales durante todo el experimento. El tratamiento consistió en la infusión intrarruminal diaria de un gramo de cromo orgánico diluido en 10 ml de agua en los animales del grupo tratado y 10 ml de agua en el grupo de control. No hubo efecto de la infusión intraruminal de cromo orgánico sobre la concentración de protozoarios. Se concluye que la levadura rica en cromo Sacharomices cerevisiae no altera la concentración de microorganismos ruminales en la dosis y tiempo ofrecido.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chromium rich yeast over the concentration of protozoa in sheep. Four Texel breed lambs of four months of age were used. Initially, the animals were submitted to a food adaptation period of 15 days. They were kept in individual metabolic cages throughout the experiment. The treatment was carried out daily with one gram of organic chromium diluted with 10 ml of water in the animals of the treated group, and 10 ml of water in the control group. No difference was found in the concentration of protozoa in treated animals compared to untreated animals. In conclusion, the yeast rich in chromium Sacharomices cerevisiae did not alter the concentration of microorganisms in the dose and time offered.(AU)

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da levedura Sacharomices cerevisae rica em cromo sobre a concentração de protozoários ruminais em ovinos. Foram utilizados quatro cordeiros da raça Texel com quatro meses de idade, os quais foram submetidos a um período de adaptação alimentar de 15 dias e alojados em gaiolas metabólicas individuais durante todo experimento. O tratamento consistiu da infusão intra-ruminal diária de um grama de cromo orgânico diluído em 10 mL de água nos animais do grupo tratado e 10 mL de água no grupo controle. Não houve efeito da infusão intra-ruminal de cromo orgânico sobre a concentração de protozoários. Conclui-se que a levedura rica em cromo Sacharomices cerevisae não altera a concentração de micro-organismos ruminais na dose e tempo ofertado.(AU)

Efecto de levadura rica en cromo orgânico en la concentración de protozoarios ruminales de corderos / Effect of chromium-rich yeast on the concentration of rumen protozoa in lambs / Efeito de levedura rica em cromo orgânico na concentração de protozoários ruminais de cordeiros

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la Sacharomices cerevisae rica en cromo sobre la concentración de protozoarios ruminales en ovinos. Cuatro corderos de la raza Texel con cuatro meses de edad se utilizaron, los cuales fueron sometidos a un periodo de adaptación alimentar de 15 días y alojados en jaulas metabólicas individuales durante todo el experimento. El tratamiento consistió en la infusión intrarruminal diaria de un gramo de cromo orgánico diluido en 10 ml de agua en los animales del grupo tratado y 10 ml de agua en el grupo de control. No hubo efecto de la infusión intraruminal de cromo orgánico sobre la concentración de protozoarios. Se concluye que la levadura rica en cromo Sacharomices cerevisiae no altera la concentración de microorganismos ruminales en la dosis y tiempo ofrecido.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chromium rich yeast over the concentration of protozoa in sheep. Four Texel breed lambs of four months of age were used. Initially, the animals were submitted to a food adaptation period of 15 days. They were kept in individual metabolic cages throughout the experiment. The treatment was carried out daily with one gram of organic chromium diluted with 10 ml of water in the animals of the treated group, and 10 ml of water in the control group. No difference was found in the concentration of protozoa in treated animals compared to untreated animals. In conclusion, the yeast rich in chromium Sacharomices cerevisiae did not alter the concentration of microorganisms in the dose and time offered.

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da levedura Sacharomices cerevisae rica em cromo sobre a concentração de protozoários ruminais em ovinos. Foram utilizados quatro cordeiros da raça Texel com quatro meses de idade, os quais foram submetidos a um período de adaptação alimentar de 15 dias e alojados em gaiolas metabólicas individuais durante todo experimento. O tratamento consistiu da infusão intra-ruminal diária de um grama de cromo orgânico diluído em 10 mL de água nos animais do grupo tratado e 10 mL de água no grupo controle. Não houve efeito da infusão intra-ruminal de cromo orgânico sobre a concentração de protozoários. Conclui-se que a levedura rica em cromo Sacharomices cerevisae não altera a concentração de micro-organismos ruminais na dose e tempo ofertado.

White cell count and oxidative profile in sheep affected by chronic mastitis / Perfil oxidativo e leucometria de ovelhas de corte acometidas por mastite crônica

In this study 30 lactating sheep were used to evaluate the oxidative profile and leucocytes of animals with chronic mastitis. Groups, containing 15 animals each, were divided into: group of positive animals presenting clinical signs of mastitis, and control group containing animals which did not present alterations in the mammal gland or in the milk. Milk samples were collected and the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and microbiologic examination were performed. In addition, the total of leukocytes, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and nitric oxide were measured through blood analyses. Sixty percent of the animals with mastitis presented CMT positive. There was no difference in the values of leukocytes, OSI and nitric oxide between groups. Sheep with chronic mastitis did not present alterations in the oxidative profile and total leukocytes, due to the reduction of the inflammation.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil oxidativo e o leucometria de ovelhas de corte com mastite crônica, para isso foi utilizado 30 animais em lactação os quais foram divididos em dois grupos de 15 animais: grupo positivo - animais que exibiram sinais clínicos de mastite e grupo negativo - ovelhas sem sinais de alteração na glândula mamária e/ou no leite. Para realização do California Mastitis Test (CMT) e exame microbiológico foram coletadas amostras de leite e para determinar o total de leucócitos, o índice de estresse oxidativo (OSI) e o óxido nítrico foram coletadas amostras de sangue. Sessenta por cento das ovelhas com mastite apresentaram CMT positivo. Não houve diferença entre os grupos nos valores de leucócitos, de OSI e no oxido nítrico. Em decorrência da redução do processo inflamatório, ovelhas com mastite crônica não apresentam alterações no perfil oxidativo e no total de leucócitos.(AU)

Evaluación serológica de Neospora caninum en vacas de la raza holstein en la microregión de Francisco Beltrán, Paraná, Brasil / Serological survey of Neospora caninum in holstein cows in the Francisco Beltrão region of Paraná, Brazil / Levantamento sorológico de Neospora caninum em vacas da raça holandesa da microrregião de Francisco Beltrão

El ganado lechero es una de las principales actividades económicas de Brasil con el protozoario Neospora caninum que causan grandes pérdidas económicas en esta actividad, que se pueden reducir a través de métodos de control. Para remediar la falta de información sobre la N. caninum en la microregión de Francisco Beltrão, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la seroprevalencia de N. caninum y hacer saber sobre la importancia del diagnóstico y la adopción de medidas de gestión adecuadas. Para esto 367 muestras de suero de vacas Holstein ubicadas en la microregión de Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brasil, entre dos y cuatro años, fueron analizados por inmunofluorescencia indirecta, mostrando la frecuencia de IgG anti-N. caninum de 35,1 %. Esto revela que la leche de vacas de esta microregión de Francisco Beltrão frecuencia actual de IgG anti-N. caninum elevadas e independiente del método a realizar, es de suma importancia realizar el diagnóstico de esta enfermedad para que medidas de control sean aplicadas y con eso pérdidas minimizadas.(AU)

Dairy cattle is one of the main economic activities of Brazil. The protozoa Neospora caninum causes great economic losses in this activity, which can be reduced through control methods. To minimize the lack of information about the N. caninum in the Francisco Beltrão region of Paraná, Brazil, the aim of this study was to analyze the seroprevalence of N. caninum and emphasize the importance of diagnosis and the adoption of appropriate management measures. For this 367 serum samples from Holstein cows located in the Francisco Beltran region of Paraná, Brazil, aged from two to four years were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence. It was obtained a prevalence of 35.1%. This reveals that the dairy cattle in the region present high frequency of IgG anti-N. caninum and independent of the method to be performed, is of highlight realize the diagnosis of this disease so that control measures may be implemented to minimize the losses.(AU)

A bovinocultura de leite é uma das principais atividades econômicas do Brasil com o protozoário Neospora caninum acarretando grandes perdas econômicas nessa atividade, as quais podem ser reduzidas através de métodos de controle. Para sanar a carência de informações a respeito do N. caninum na microrregião de Francisco Beltrão, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a soroprevalencia de N. caninum e salientar a importância do diagnostico e da adoção de medidas adequadas de manejo. Para isso foram analisadas 367 amostras de soro de vacas da raça holandesa localizadas na microrregião de Francisco Beltrão no estado do Paraná, Brasil, com idade entre dois e quatro anos pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta, apresentando frequência de IgG anti- N. caninum de 35,1%. Isso revela que vacas de leite da microrregião de Francisco Beltrão apresentam frequência de IgG anti-N. caninum elevadas e independente do método a ser realizado, é de suma importância realizar o diagnostico dessa enfermidade para que medidas de controle sejam implementadas e as perdas minimizadas.(AU)

Prevalencia serológica de Leptospira spp. en bovinos lecheros en la microrregión de Francisco Beltrão / Survey of seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in holstein cows in the microregion of Francisco Beltrão / Prevalência sorológica de Leptospira spp. em bovinos leiteiros na microrregião de Francisco Beltrão

Buscando suplir la carencia de informaciones sobre la prevalencia de los serotipos de Leptospira spp. en la microrregión de Francisco Beltrão, el objetivo de este trabajo fue mostrar la importancia económica de la leptospirosis. Para esto, fueron analizadas 312 muestras de suero de vacas de la raza Holandesa localizadas en la microrregión de Francisco Beltrão, en el estado de Paraná, Brasil. El resultado fue una frecuencia de 41,35% de vacas positivas para por lo menos en uno de los serotipos. Del total de muestras reactivas para los variados serotipos, la frecuencia fue la siguiente: Icterohaemorrhgiae 4,65%, Pomona 3,10%, Hardjo 81,39%, Wolffi 29,46%, Grippotyphosa 6,98%, y Butembo 5,43%. Estos datos revelan que vacas de leche de la microrregión de Francisco Beltrão, presentan frecuencia elevada de varios serotipos de Leptospira spp., mostrando la importancia del conocimiento serológico de esta enfermedad.(AU)

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of serovars of Leptsopira spp. in the microregion of Francisco Beltrão, providing new information and demonstrating the economical importance of the Leptospirosis. Sera samples (n = 312) collected in bovines Holstein Friesian breed reared at the microregion of Francisco Beltrão, state of Paraná (Brazil), were used in this study. A frequency of 41.35% of reagent animals for at least one serovar was detected. The overall frequency for all serovars was the follows: Icterohaemorrhagiae 4.65%, Pomona 3.10%, Hardjo 81.39%, Wolffi 29.46%, Grippotyphosa 6.98%, Butembo 5.43%. These data revealed that cows milk from the microregion of Francisco Beltrão present a high number of serovars of Leptospira spp. showing the importance of the serological knowledge of this disease.(AU)

Buscando suprir a carência de informações sobre a prevalência dos sorovares de Leptospira spp. na microrregião de Francisco Beltrão, objetivou-se nesse trabalho mostrar a importância econômica da leptospirose. Para tanto, foram analisadas 312 amostras de soro de vacas da raça Holandesa localizadas na microrregião de Francisco Beltrão no estado do Paraná, Brasil. O resultado foi uma frequência de 41,35% de vacas positivas para pelo menos um dos sorovares. Do total de amostras reagentes para os variados sorovares, a frequência foi a seguinte: Icterohaemorrhgiae 4,65%, Pomona 3,10%, Hardjo 81,39%, Wolffi 29,46%, Grippotyphosa 6,98%, Butembo 5,43%. Esses dados revelam que vacas de leite da microrregião de Francisco Beltrão apresentam frequência elevada de vários sorovares de Leptospira spp. mostrando a importância do conhecimentos sorológico desta enfermidade.(AU)

Clinical and pathological observations associated with snake envenomation in two sheep

Background: Snake attacks on sheep, horses, cattle and, most frequently, dogs, have previously been described but few of these cases involve highly lethal poison, especially with farm animals. In Brazil, most attacks on humans involving poisonous snakes are related to the genus Bothrops sp. Information about snakebites in sheep is usually obtained from experiments. There are few reports of natural cases and their clinical and pathological characteristics. The aim of the present study was to report the clinical and pathological characteristics of two spontaneous cases of snake envenomation in sheep. Case: Two sheep were sent to the UFSM Veterinary Hospital after being found in the lateral decubitus position by their owner. The two sheep came from a farm located near the University. The animals were subjected to a thorough clinical examination. Blood was collected from one animal for a hemogram and biochemical tests. The animals died about two hours after their arrival at the veterinary hospital. During the necropsy, the first ewe exhibited severe dyspnea, swelling of the submandibular and periorbital regions, and unilateral nasal serosanguineous secretion. The second animal exhibited nasal and ocular bilateral bleeding, hematoma and intense gingival bleeding. The left eye was completely obliterated. In the blood and serum analysis, this animal exhibited a low content of plasma proteins. During the clinical examination, both animals exhibited severe swelling and a hemorrhage in the head suggested snakebite. The tissue samples were fixed in formaldehyde, routinely processed for the histology and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The owner reported the presence of Bothrops alternatus snakes on the farm. Discussion: Most cases of snakebite occur in spring and summer. Severe edema and bleeding are characteristic of snakebites from the genus Bothrops sp. Sakebites involving sheep usually occur in the head region, as in the cases reported herein. According to the literature, the attacks occurred during Spring, in the months of September and October. Both animals dies less than two hours after arriving at the Veterinary Hospital, indicating that the species of snake involved was very poisonous. In the necropsy, both sheep exhibited skin and subcutaneous hemorrhage, as well as severe edema. When a snake bite involving the genus Bothrops sp. occurs in the head, there is a local reaction which can produce severe edema that affects the neck and thoracic regions. One of the animals exhibited pulmonary edema, hemorrhagic lesions in the heart and petechiae in the serous surface of the intestine. Two perforating lesions, two centimeters away from each other, were found on the right nostril of one animal whereas the lesions were found in the left labial commissure of the second animal, which suggested a snake attack. In the bite region, hydropic degeneration of the keratinocytes and moderate spongiosis were observed microscopically. In the small intestine, the lamina propria exhibited moderate eosinophilic and lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate. The heart exhibited multifocal areas of coalescent hemorrhage and moderate edema of the interstitium. The speed with which the animals died demonstrated the high lethality of snakebites in farm animals. The diagnosis of snake envenomation was based on the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological findings and was attributed to the Bothrops sp. of snakes.

Influence of refrigeration on blood gas analysis of caprine venous blood / Influência da refrigeração na análise hemogasométrica de sangue venoso caprino

Blood samples collected from 14 healthy, four month-old, male goats of mixed breed, weighting from 30 to 45 kg, were analyzed in order to evaluate the effect of refrigeration on blood gas analysis. Blood samples to be used in the blood gas analysis were collected in duplicates, using disposable needles and plastic syringes containing around 1,000 IU of sodium heparin. Unpreserved samples were kept at room temperature, between 23 and 25 ºC, and those to be kept in refrigeration temperatures were placed in styrofoam coolers containing three liters of cold water and three kilograms of ice, in order to keep temperatures between zero and 4 ºC. Blood gas analyses were carried out immediately after collection and after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 hours. Storage at room temperature affected significantly the group of variables studied, except blood concentration of HCO3. When samples were kept under refrigeration, partial pressure of O2, CO2 and SO2 were significantly affected. The significant variation in mean values of these variables when compared with initial mean values was greater in samples kept at room temperature. Results for pH, HCO3 - and ABE in the refrigerated samples were stable for up to 24 hours of blood collection. It was concluded, therefore, that blood gas analysis of caprine venous blood may be safely carried out in up to six hours of blood collection, provided that samples are kept under adequate refrigeration.(AU)

Objetivando-se avaliar o efeito da refrigeração sobre o exame hemogasométrico, foram utilizados 14 caprinos machos, hígidos, mestiços, com cerca de quatro meses de idade e peso variando entre 30 e 45 kg. As amostras de sangue destinadas ao exame hemogasométrico foram coletadas em duplicata, utilizando-se agulhas descartáveis acopladas a seringas plásticas contendo cerca de 1000 UI de heparina sódica. As amostras não conservadas foram mantidas a temperatura ambiente, entre 23 e 25 ºC e aquelas destinadas à refrigeração foram acondicionadas em isopor contendo três litros de água gelada e três quilos de gelo, mantendo-se assim uma temperatura entre zero e 4 ºC. As análises hemogasométricas foram determinadas imediatamente após coleta e 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 e 24 horas após. Verificou-se efeito significativo da temperatura ambiente sobre o conjunto de variáveis, com exceção da concentração sanguínea de HCO3. Quanto às amostras mantidas sob refrigeração, verificou-se efeito significativo sobre a tensão parcial de O2 e CO2 e SO2; sendo que a variação significativa dos valores médios destas variáveis com os valores médios iniciais foram mais tardias em relação às amostras mantidas a temperatura ambiente. Os valores de pH, HCO3 e ABE das amostras refrigeradas mantiveramse estáveis até 24 horas após a colheita de sangue. Conclui-se, portanto, o exame hemogasométrico de sangue venoso de caprinos pode ser efetivado com segurança até seis horas após sua colheita, desde que mantidos sob refrigeração adequada.(AU)

Perfil bioquímico de algumas enzimas no plasma sangüíneo de potras da raça Brasileiro de Hipismo (BH) criadas em Colina, Estado de São Paulo / Biochemical profile of some plasmatic enzymes in BH (Brasileiro de Hipismo) filies bred Colina in São Paulo State

Com o propósito de avaliar o perfil bioquímico de algumas enzimas,em potras sadias da raça BH (Brasileiro de Hipismo), utilizaram-se380 amostras de plasma sangüíneo colhidas de 19 animais desde o nascimento até 24 meses de vida. Na análise dos resultados evidenciou-se que os valores médios das enzimas FA (fosfatase alcalina) e CK( creatina quinase) foram máximos entre o nascimento e 24 horas devida (FA-1995.50 UI/ ; CK-189.13UI/L), enquanto que para a LD(lactato desidrogenase) e GGT (gama glutamiltransferase) as maiores magnitudes ocorreram, respectivamente, entre 3 e 4 dias (LD-479.11UI/L) e aos 10 dias de idade (GGT-18.70UI/L). As FA, CK,LD e GGT, mostraram diminuições dos valores médios,respectivamente, até 6 meses (FA-323.50UI/L), 20 dias (CK-51UI/L), 19 meses (LD-214.00UI/L) e 4 meses (GGT-11.40UI/L)estabilizando-se a seguir, com pequenas variações. A atividade da AST (aspartato aminotransferase) que foi mínima logo após o nascimento (AST- 43.38UI/L), aumentou até os sete dias de vida(AST-110.89UI/L), e a seguir diminuiu progressivamente, com pequenas oscilações, até o final do estudo. Todas as enzimas avaliadas sofreram variações influenciadas pelo fator etário, particularmente no período inicial de vida dos animais estudados.(AU)

380 plasma samples were used with the purpose of evaluate the biochemical profile of some enzymes in healthy BH (Brasileiro deHipismo) fillies. These samples were collected from 19 animals since birth until 24 months of age. The results showed that the mean values of ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and CK (creatine kinase) were higher between birth and 24 hours of life (FA-1995.50 UI/; CK-189.13UI/L), where as for LD (lactate dehidrogenase) and GGT (gama glutamiltransferase) the highest values were, respectively, between 3 and 4 days (LD-479.11UI/L) and with 10 days of life (GGT-18.70UI/L). AP, CK, LD and GGT showed a reduction of the mean values,respectively, until 6 months (FA-323.50UI/L), 20 days (CK-51UI/L), 19 months (LD-214.00 UI/L) and 4 months (GGT-11.40UI/L)stabilizing with some oscillations. The activity of AST (aspartate aminotransferase) was minimal after birth (AST- 43.38UI/L) increased until the seventh day of life (AST-110.89UI/L) and next it diminished progressively with little oscillations until the end of the study. Allenzymes evaluated were influenced by age, particularly in the initial period of life of the animals studied.(AU)