Do enhanced efficiency potassium sources increase maize yield in soil with high potassium content?

Enhanced efficiency potassium fertilizers can be a management tool that is crucial to crop sustainability in maize (Zea mays L.). However, there is a need for studies aimed at validating the use of these fertilizers in different production environments. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of maize under sources and rates of K through conventional and enhanced efficiency fertilizers in soil with high available K content. The experiment was carried out for two years in an Oxisol (605 g kg-1 of clay) with high K content (6.7 mmolc dm-3). Three sources were used, one conventional (KCl), one obtained by additives sprayed on the fertilizer surface (KCl-C), and one obtained by compacting KCl powder and adding additives (KCl-CC), associated with three K2O rates as top-dressing (50, 100, 150 kg ha-1) and a control without K2O. In all treatments, 48 kg ha-1 of K2O was applied in the sowing furrow. In the first year, maize yield increased linearly for both the KCl and KCl-C sources. The maximum yield (7,967 kg ha-1) for the KCl-CC was obtained at 88 kg ha-1. In the second year, the maximum yields for the KCl (7,553 kg ha-1) and KCl-C (8,166 kg ha-1) were obtained with 20 and 67 kg ha-1 K2O, respectively, while for the KCl-CC maize yield did not change. Enhanced efficiency K sources promote increases in maize yield ranging from 4.3 % to 7.1 %. Top-dressing K fertilization in high-fertility soils is a viable alternative for producers focused on increasing maize yield, mainly when enhanced efficiency sources are used.(AU)

Irrigation management of common bean cultivars with contrasting growth habits

A study was undertaken comparing the water requirements of two common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars to generate specific recommendations aimed at optimizing water use. To accomplish this work, the agronomic performance, responsiveness to water and water productivity of these two common bean cultivars of determinate and indeterminate growth habits were identified. The 2-year experiment was carried out during the winter growing season in the southeast of Brazil. Cultivars IAC Imperador, with an early season of determinate growth habit, and IPR Campos Gerais, having a mid-season of indeterminate growth habit, were subjected to five irrigation levels (54, 70, 77, 100, and 132 % of the crop evapotranspiration). Water deficit affected agronomic performance, reducing plant height (by up to 29 %), leaf area index (by up to 40 %), soil cover fraction (by up to 28 %), and grain yield (GY - by up to 31 %), in both cultivars. In contrast, excess water was more detrimental to cultivar IAC Imperador. Cultivar IPR Campos Gerais produced 18 % more than GY, showing superior water productivity and response to irrigation depth than IAC Imperador. Out of all the variables evaluated, the soil cover fraction correlated the most with grain yield in both common bean cultivars during the 2-year study. In other words, cover fraction evaluation in common bean allows for estimating crop production potential, which helps producers and technicians in their decision making regarding management practices. Thus, a cultivar directly affects water use in common bean production, thereby suggesting the need for a or water conservation strategy and sustainability of irrigated common bean production.(AU)

Componentes de produção, produtividade e atributos tecnológicos de cultivares de feijoeiro do grupo comercial carioca / Yield components and technological attributes of common bean cultivars from carioca commercial group

Bean cultivars, in addition to adaptation to the growing site, must present high productive potential and meet the consumers' requirements regarding the qualitative attributes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield components, yield and qualitative attributes of common-bean cultivars of carioca commercial group in the autumn-winter period, aiming to obtain information regarding the productive capacity and grain quality. The experimental design was a randomized block design with 13 treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of bean cultivars: Pérola, BRS Estilo, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRS Notável, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro), IPR Andorinha, TAA Bola Cheia, TAA Dama, TAA Gol e ANfc 9. All common bean cultivars stood out for grain yield, with an average value of 3,400 kg ha-1, surpassing the average yields of all Brazilian states. The cultivars BRS Estilo, IAC Alvorada, IPR Andorinha and TAA Gol presented good technological quality of the grains, highlighting the high yield of sieves and shorter cooking times. The cultivars BRS Estilo and TAA Dama presented ideal hydration time, while the cultivars Pérola, BRSMG Madrepérola and IPR 139 require more time to prepare.

As cultivares de feijoeiro, além da adaptação ao local de cultivo, devem apresentar alto potencial produtivo e atender as exigências dos consumidores quanto aos atributos qualitativos. O objetivo com este trabalho foi avaliar os componentes de produção, produtividade e atributos qualitativos de cultivares de feijoeiro do grupo comercial carioca no período de outono-inverno, visando obter informações referentes à capacidade produtiva e à qualidade dos grãos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com 13 tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelas cultivares de feijoeiro: Pérola, BRS Estilo, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRS Notável, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro), IPR Andorinha, TAA Bola Cheia, TAA Dama, TAA Gol e ANfc 9. Todas as cultivares de feijoeiro destacaram-se quanto a produtividade de grãos, com valor médio de 3.400 kg ha-1, superando as produtividades médias de todos os estados brasileiros. As cultivares, BRS Estilo, IAC Alvorada, IPR Andorinha e TAA Gol apresentaram boa qualidade tecnológica dos grãos, destacando-se o elevado rendimento de peneiras e os menores tempos de cozimento. As cultivares BRS Estilo e TAA Dama apresentaram tempo de hidratação ideal, enquanto as cultivares Pérola, BRSMG Madrepérola e IPR 139 demandam maior tempo para o preparo.

Componentes de produção, produtividade e atributos tecnológicos de cultivares de feijoeiro do grupo comercial carioca / Yield components and technological attributes of common bean cultivars from carioca commercial group

Bean cultivars, in addition to adaptation to the growing site, must present high productive potential and meet the consumers' requirements regarding the qualitative attributes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield components, yield and qualitative attributes of common-bean cultivars of carioca commercial group in the autumn-winter period, aiming to obtain information regarding the productive capacity and grain quality. The experimental design was a randomized block design with 13 treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of bean cultivars: Pérola, BRS Estilo, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRS Notável, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro), IPR Andorinha, TAA Bola Cheia, TAA Dama, TAA Gol e ANfc 9. All common bean cultivars stood out for grain yield, with an average value of 3,400 kg ha-1, surpassing the average yields of all Brazilian states. The cultivars BRS Estilo, IAC Alvorada, IPR Andorinha and TAA Gol presented good technological quality of the grains, highlighting the high yield of sieves and shorter cooking times. The cultivars BRS Estilo and TAA Dama presented ideal hydration time, while the cultivars Pérola, BRSMG Madrepérola and IPR 139 require more time to prepare.(AU)

As cultivares de feijoeiro, além da adaptação ao local de cultivo, devem apresentar alto potencial produtivo e atender as exigências dos consumidores quanto aos atributos qualitativos. O objetivo com este trabalho foi avaliar os componentes de produção, produtividade e atributos qualitativos de cultivares de feijoeiro do grupo comercial carioca no período de outono-inverno, visando obter informações referentes à capacidade produtiva e à qualidade dos grãos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com 13 tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelas cultivares de feijoeiro: Pérola, BRS Estilo, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRS Notável, IAC Alvorada, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IPR 139 (Juriti Claro), IPR Andorinha, TAA Bola Cheia, TAA Dama, TAA Gol e ANfc 9. Todas as cultivares de feijoeiro destacaram-se quanto a produtividade de grãos, com valor médio de 3.400 kg ha-1, superando as produtividades médias de todos os estados brasileiros. As cultivares, BRS Estilo, IAC Alvorada, IPR Andorinha e TAA Gol apresentaram boa qualidade tecnológica dos grãos, destacando-se o elevado rendimento de peneiras e os menores tempos de cozimento. As cultivares BRS Estilo e TAA Dama apresentaram tempo de hidratação ideal, enquanto as cultivares Pérola, BRSMG Madrepérola e IPR 139 demandam maior tempo para o preparo.(AU)

Comportamento do feijoeiro comum e interação genótipo x ambiente em Jaboticabal - SP

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Avaliação de genótipos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivados na época de inverno em Jaboticabal-SP

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