Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Fumaric Acid on Growth Performance, Blood Hematological and Biochemical Profile of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Chronic Heat Stress

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary fumaric acid (FA) on the growth performance, hematological parameters and serum biochemistry in broilers under heat stress (HS) condition. A total number of 200 broilers were allocated to five treatments including the thermoneutral group, which was reared at standard ambient temperature and fed basal diet (CONT) and four heat-stressed groups, which were held at 32 ± 1ºC aged from 22 to 42 days and fed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/kg FA, respectively. On day 42, body weight and feed intake were measured and feed conversion ratio was calculated. Blood was collected for the estimation of hematological and biochemical parameters. HS impaired the growth performance, but the addition of FA made a higher final body weight, average daily gain and European broiler index in comparison with HS group. The hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume of HS broilers were significantly lower than those of the CONT birds. Birds administered 5g/kg FA diet had significantly (p 0.05) higher erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin concentration compared with birds in the HS group fed basal diet. Also, the HS group exhibited significant increase in glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and creatinine when compared with CONT group. Dietary 5g/kg FA increased the serum total protein, albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in comparison with the HS group. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the importance of using FA as feed additives to improve the growth performance of heat-stressed broilers through haematological and biochemical regulation.(AU)

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Fumaric Acid on Growth Performance, Blood Hematological and Biochemical Profile of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Chronic Heat Stress

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary fumaric acid (FA) on the growth performance, hematological parameters and serum biochemistry in broilers under heat stress (HS) condition. A total number of 200 broilers were allocated to five treatments including the thermoneutral group, which was reared at standard ambient temperature and fed basal diet (CONT) and four heat-stressed groups, which were held at 32 ± 1ºC aged from 22 to 42 days and fed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/kg FA, respectively. On day 42, body weight and feed intake were measured and feed conversion ratio was calculated. Blood was collected for the estimation of hematological and biochemical parameters. HS impaired the growth performance, but the addition of FA made a higher final body weight, average daily gain and European broiler index in comparison with HS group. The hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume of HS broilers were significantly lower than those of the CONT birds. Birds administered 5g/kg FA diet had significantly (p 0.05) higher erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin concentration compared with birds in the HS group fed basal diet. Also, the HS group exhibited significant increase in glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and creatinine when compared with CONT group. Dietary 5g/kg FA increased the serum total protein, albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in comparison with the HS group. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the importance of using FA as feed additives to improve the growth performance of heat-stressed broilers through haematological and biochemical regulation.

Change of the mtor pathway in tissues of overfed geese

This study aimed at examining the effect of overfeeding on the activity of the mTOR pathway in the liver and muscle tissues of Gang geese. Eighty healthy male Gang geese were reared under the same feeding conditions, and were divided at 14 weeks of age into a control group and an overfed group. All birds were slaughtered after three weeks of over feeding. Gene expression and protein content of several genes involved in the mTOR pathway were evaluated. The results showed that the gene expression of mTOR, raptor, and rictor, and the protein contents of mTOR and PI3K were higher in liver, breast muscle, and leg muscle of the overfed group than that of control group. However, the S6K expression level was clearly lower in the liver of the overfed group than that of control group, and there was no evident difference in both breast muscle and leg muscle between the control group and the overfed group. These results suggest that overfeeding induces the activity of raptor, rictor, and mTOR, and that mTOR signaling pathway was closely linked with PI3K pathway in the evaluated geese.(AU)

Change of the mtor pathway in tissues of overfed geese

This study aimed at examining the effect of overfeeding on the activity of the mTOR pathway in the liver and muscle tissues of Gang geese. Eighty healthy male Gang geese were reared under the same feeding conditions, and were divided at 14 weeks of age into a control group and an overfed group. All birds were slaughtered after three weeks of over feeding. Gene expression and protein content of several genes involved in the mTOR pathway were evaluated. The results showed that the gene expression of mTOR, raptor, and rictor, and the protein contents of mTOR and PI3K were higher in liver, breast muscle, and leg muscle of the overfed group than that of control group. However, the S6K expression level was clearly lower in the liver of the overfed group than that of control group, and there was no evident difference in both breast muscle and leg muscle between the control group and the overfed group. These results suggest that overfeeding induces the activity of raptor, rictor, and mTOR, and that mTOR signaling pathway was closely linked with PI3K pathway in the evaluated geese.