Resumo
In this study we present the results of inventory efforts of non-volant mammals in Sangay National Park (SNP), one of the least studied regions of Ecuador. We conducted inventories at 9 locations between December 2010 and June 2015 along a gradient of elevations between 1.300 and 3.650 m. To document the presence of non-volant mammals we used capture techniques (Sherman, Tomahawk, and pitfall traps) and direct and indirect detection techniques (track and sign surveys, interviews). The trap effort consisted of 5.730 trap/nights. We detected 86 species in the study area of which rodents were the most diverse group with 36 species (41.8%). The small mammals Chilomys instans, Neusticomys vossi, Ichthyomys cf. stolzmanni, Thomasomys fumeus, Dactilomys dactylinus and Echimys saturnus, the marsupial Marmosa rubra were detected in the SNP for the first time. The shrew-opossum Caenolestes sangay, shrew Cryptotis montivaga and rodents Phyllotis haggardi, Thomasomys fumeus, T. hutsoni, T. cf silvestris, Rhipidomys sp. nov., y Cavia patzelti are endemic species that speak to the biogeographic importance of SNP. Our results with additions from other published studies indicate the presence of 103 species of non-volant mammal, positioning it as the most diverse natural area in the Andes of Ecuador, and as the second most diverse of the tropical Andes.
En el presente estudio se documenta la riqueza de mamíferos no voladores del Parque Nacional Sangay (PNS), una de las zonas con mayor vacío de información de Ecuador. Realizamos relevamientos en nueve localidades entre diciembre 2010 y junio del 2015 en un gradiente altitudinal entre los 1.300 y 3.650 m. Para el registro de mamíferos no voladores usamos técnicas de captura (trampas Sherman, Tomahawk y de caída) y técnicas de detección directa e indirecta (recorridos, búsqueda de rastros, entrevistas). El esfuerzo de captura fue de 5.730 trampas/noche. Se registraron 86 especies en el área de estudio de los cuales los roedores fue el orden más diverso con 36 especies (41.8%). Los pequeños mamíferos Marmosa rubra, Chilomys instans, Neusticomys vossi, Ichthyomys cf. stolzmanni, Thomasomys fumeus, Dactilomys dactylinus y Echimys cf. saturnus son los primeros registros para el PNS. El ratón marsupial Caenolestes sangay, la musaraña Cryptotis montivaga y los roedores Phyllotis haggardi, Thomasomys fumeus, T. hutsoni, T. cf. silvestris, Rhipidomys sp. nov., y Cavia patzelti son especies endémicas que habitan en el área y demuestran la importancia biogeográfica del PNS. Nuestros resultados más los adicionados con la literatura previa indican que en la actualidad el PNS alberga a 103 especies, posicionándolo como el área natural con mayor riqueza de mamíferos no voladores de los Andes de Ecuador y como la segunda más diversa de los Andes Tropicales.
Assuntos
Animais , Biodiversidade , Distribuição Animal , Mamíferos , Equador , Parques RecreativosResumo
In this study we present the results of inventory efforts of non-volant mammals in Sangay National Park (SNP), one of the least studied regions of Ecuador. We conducted inventories at 9 locations between December 2010 and June 2015 along a gradient of elevations between 1.300 and 3.650 m. To document the presence of non-volant mammals we used capture techniques (Sherman, Tomahawk, and pitfall traps) and direct and indirect detection techniques (track and sign surveys, interviews). The trap effort consisted of 5.730 trap/nights. We detected 86 species in the study area of which rodents were the most diverse group with 36 species (41.8%). The small mammals Chilomys instans, Neusticomys vossi, Ichthyomys cf. stolzmanni, Thomasomys fumeus, Dactilomys dactylinus and Echimys saturnus, the marsupial Marmosa rubra were detected in the SNP for the first time. The shrew-opossum Caenolestes sangay, shrew Cryptotis montivaga and rodents Phyllotis haggardi, Thomasomys fumeus, T. hutsoni, T. cf silvestris, Rhipidomys sp. nov., y Cavia patzelti are endemic species that speak to the biogeographic importance of SNP. Our results with additions from other published studies indicate the presence of 103 species of non-volant mammal, positioning it as the most diverse natural area in the Andes of Ecuador, and as the second most diverse of the tropical Andes.(AU)
En el presente estudio se documenta la riqueza de mamíferos no voladores del Parque Nacional Sangay (PNS), una de las zonas con mayor vacío de información de Ecuador. Realizamos relevamientos en nueve localidades entre diciembre 2010 y junio del 2015 en un gradiente altitudinal entre los 1.300 y 3.650 m. Para el registro de mamíferos no voladores usamos técnicas de captura (trampas Sherman, Tomahawk y de caída) y técnicas de detección directa e indirecta (recorridos, búsqueda de rastros, entrevistas). El esfuerzo de captura fue de 5.730 trampas/noche. Se registraron 86 especies en el área de estudio de los cuales los roedores fue el orden más diverso con 36 especies (41.8%). Los pequeños mamíferos Marmosa rubra, Chilomys instans, Neusticomys vossi, Ichthyomys cf. stolzmanni, Thomasomys fumeus, Dactilomys dactylinus y Echimys cf. saturnus son los primeros registros para el PNS. El ratón marsupial Caenolestes sangay, la musaraña Cryptotis montivaga y los roedores Phyllotis haggardi, Thomasomys fumeus, T. hutsoni, T. cf. silvestris, Rhipidomys sp. nov., y Cavia patzelti son especies endémicas que habitan en el área y demuestran la importancia biogeográfica del PNS. Nuestros resultados más los adicionados con la literatura previa indican que en la actualidad el PNS alberga a 103 especies, posicionándolo como el área natural con mayor riqueza de mamíferos no voladores de los Andes de Ecuador y como la segunda más diversa de los Andes Tropicales.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Mamíferos , Distribuição Animal , Biodiversidade , Parques Recreativos , EquadorResumo
Information is presented on morphological variation in the frog, Phyllomedusa ecuatoriana, with a description ot the tadpole, vocalizations, and notes on its natural history and distribu‑ tion, based on material recently collected in the Cordillera del Cóndor, Zamora Chinchipe Province, Ecuador. Phyllomedusa ecuatoriana is of médium size (male SVL length 46.1 to 55.4 mm; female SVL 72.2 mm). The tapole (Gosner stage 26) has a dentary formula of 2 (2)/3 (1); tooth row P3 is smaller than P1 and P2. The tadpoles develop in pools of various sizes in turbid water stained by the presence of tanins. The vocalizations are modulated fre‑ quencies, with the dominant frequency averaging 1.53 kHz; the calls are composed of a single note and 2‑3 pulses. Adult frogs feed primarily on spiders (20%) of the family Argiopidae
Assuntos
Animais , Anuros/classificação , Dieta , EcologiaResumo
We describe a new species, a medium size terrestrial frog (LRC 21.7‑24.9 mm in females, and 15.2‑17.8 mm in males); belong to the Pristimantis genus, from the sandstone plateau of the Cordillera del Condor at southeastern Ecuador, at 2300 m high. The new species differs from its congeners in Ecuador for its distinctive coloration pattern, ochraceous brown dorsal surface with numerous yellow spots, tympanic membrane, short fingers of the front and rear legs, and exclusive microhabitats in terrestrial bromeliads. They release modulated frequency and long calls, compoused of 6‑8 notes and 1 harmonic. The description of Pristimantis paquishae sp. nov., is the result of a summary herpetofauna information in one of the remote and less known sandstone plateaus in the Cordillera del Condor
Assuntos
Animais , Anuros/classificação , Classificação , AnfíbiosResumo
We describe a new species, a medium size terrestrial frog (LRC 21.7‑24.9 mm in females, and 15.2‑17.8 mm in males); belong to the Pristimantis genus, from the sandstone plateau of the Cordillera del Condor at southeastern Ecuador, at 2300 m high. The new species differs from its congeners in Ecuador for its distinctive coloration pattern, ochraceous brown dorsal surface with numerous yellow spots, tympanic membrane, short fingers of the front and rear legs, and exclusive microhabitats in terrestrial bromeliads. They release modulated frequency and long calls, compoused of 6‑8 notes and 1 harmonic. The description of Pristimantis paquishae sp. nov., is the result of a summary herpetofauna information in one of the remote and less known sandstone plateaus in the Cordillera del Condor(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Anuros/classificação , Classificação , AnfíbiosResumo
Information is presented on morphological variation in the frog, Phyllomedusa ecuatoriana, with a description ot the tadpole, vocalizations, and notes on its natural history and distribu‑ tion, based on material recently collected in the Cordillera del Cóndor, Zamora Chinchipe Province, Ecuador. Phyllomedusa ecuatoriana is of médium size (male SVL length 46.1 to 55.4 mm; female SVL 72.2 mm). The tapole (Gosner stage 26) has a dentary formula of 2 (2)/3 (1); tooth row P3 is smaller than P1 and P2. The tadpoles develop in pools of various sizes in turbid water stained by the presence of tanins. The vocalizations are modulated fre‑ quencies, with the dominant frequency averaging 1.53 kHz; the calls are composed of a single note and 2‑3 pulses. Adult frogs feed primarily on spiders (20%) of the family Argiopidae(AU)