Non-cardiogenic thromboembolism in a Persian cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common acquired cardiovascular disease in the feline species. A frequent complication of this cardiomyopathy is the development of cardiac congestive failure, left atrial enlargement and subsequent development of arterial thromboembolism. In a significant percentage of affected animals there is progression to congestive heart failure, resulting in cyanosis and dyspnea, often the first clinical signs reported by owners. This is a report of a 10-year-old Persian cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and venous and arterial thromboembolism of non-cardiogenic origin. Case: The patient was referred for cardiac evaluation, arterial thromboembolism was the suspected cause of tetraparesis. On clinical examination, a metacarpal pulse was present in all limbs; there was no cyanosis or peripheral hypothermia thus, ruling out a thromboembolic event in the limbs. Changes consistent with feline asthma and pulmonary edema were seen on radiographs, therefore hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was suspected. Treatment with enalapril (0.25 mg/kg every 12 h) for the heart condition and prednisolone (1 mg/kg every 24 h) for asthma was started. Nine days later, the patient developed mixed dyspnea (inspiratory and expiratory) and was hospitalized with signs consistent with arterial thromboembolism: paralysis and cold extremities in the right and left pelvic limbs. The patient was euthanized due to the poor prognosis. Postmortem and histopathological findings revealed left ventricular concentric hypertrophy, with no valvular changes; disseminated intravascular coagulation, with thrombi in the arterial (iliac arteries, pancreatic and renal vessels) and venous (pulmonary and renal veins) beds; as well as multiple neoplastic lung masses, identified as scirrhous pulmonary adenocarcinoma, responsible for increased interstitial radiopacity. Metastasis was also identified at the tracheal bifurcation, causing radiographic changes similar to the alveolar pattern of pulmonary edema

Non-cardiogenic thromboembolism in a Persian cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common acquired cardiovascular disease in the feline species. A frequent complication of this cardiomyopathy is the development of cardiac congestive failure, left atrial enlargement and subsequent development of arterial thromboembolism. In a significant percentage of affected animals there is progression to congestive heart failure, resulting in cyanosis and dyspnea, often the first clinical signs reported by owners. This is a report of a 10-year-old Persian cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and venous and arterial thromboembolism of non-cardiogenic origin. Case: The patient was referred for cardiac evaluation, arterial thromboembolism was the suspected cause of tetraparesis. On clinical examination, a metacarpal pulse was present in all limbs; there was no cyanosis or peripheral hypothermia thus, ruling out a thromboembolic event in the limbs. Changes consistent with feline asthma and pulmonary edema were seen on radiographs, therefore hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was suspected. Treatment with enalapril (0.25 mg/kg every 12 h) for the heart condition and prednisolone (1 mg/kg every 24 h) for asthma was started. Nine days later, the patient developed mixed dyspnea (inspiratory and expiratory) and was hospitalized with signs consistent with arterial thromboembolism: paralysis and cold extremities in the right and left pelvic limbs. The patient was euthanized due to the poor prognosis. Postmortem and histopathological findings revealed left ventricular concentric hypertrophy, with no valvular changes; disseminated intravascular coagulation, with thrombi in the arterial (iliac arteries, pancreatic and renal vessels) and venous (pulmonary and renal veins) beds; as well as multiple neoplastic lung masses, identified as scirrhous pulmonary adenocarcinoma, responsible for increased interstitial radiopacity. Metastasis was also identified at the tracheal bifurcation, causing radiographic changes similar to the alveolar pattern of pulmonary edema…(AU)

Osteopatia hipertrófica idiopática em um gatoˆipt / Hypertrophic osteopathy in a catˆien

Background: Hypertrophic osteopathy (OH) is a syndrome characterized by progressive bilateral periosteal bone neofor-mation that mainly affects the thoracic and pelvic limb bones’ metaphyses and diaphyses. In most cases, it is secondary to a chronic primary lesion located in the thoracic cavity but can be associated with an abdominal injury that has already been occurred. The occurrence of this condition without being associated with a primary lesion is considered infrequent in animals. The purpose of this report was to describe a case of idiopathic hypertrophic osteopathy in a cat with a description of clinical signs and radiographic and anatomopathological findings.Case: A male adult cat was brought to the veterinarian with an initial observation by the owner of four limbs’ volume in-crease, apathy, and reluctance to move. Upon clinical examination, the animal presented dehydration, mucosal hyperemia, hyperthermia, and bilateral edema of the thoracic and pelvic limbs. Based on the radiographic examination, a periosteal reaction with palisade-like appearance was found in the metacarpals, radios, ulna, humerus, scapulae, tibias, and fibulae. There were no significant changes in additional exams. Due to poor prognosis, the cat was euthanized and referred for necropsy and histopathological examination. All organs were examined both macroscopically and microscopically. Frag-ments were fixed in 10% formalin and routinely processed for histological slides with hematoxylin–eosin and Masson’s trichrome, and limb bones that were not fixed in formalin were macerated. Lesions were observed only in the thoracic and pelvic limbs. Macroscopically, there was a diffuse, regular, slightly firm volume increase, covered by abundant gelati-nous whitish tissue. The periosteal bone neoformations were characterized by numerous papillary projections distributed throughout the phalanges, radius, ulna, humerus, scapulae, tibia and fibulae. Histologically...

Osteopatia hipertrófica idiopática em um gatoˆipt / Hypertrophic osteopathy in a catˆien

Background: Hypertrophic osteopathy (OH) is a syndrome characterized by progressive bilateral periosteal bone neofor-mation that mainly affects the thoracic and pelvic limb bones metaphyses and diaphyses. In most cases, it is secondary to a chronic primary lesion located in the thoracic cavity but can be associated with an abdominal injury that has already been occurred. The occurrence of this condition without being associated with a primary lesion is considered infrequent in animals. The purpose of this report was to describe a case of idiopathic hypertrophic osteopathy in a cat with a description of clinical signs and radiographic and anatomopathological findings.Case: A male adult cat was brought to the veterinarian with an initial observation by the owner of four limbs volume in-crease, apathy, and reluctance to move. Upon clinical examination, the animal presented dehydration, mucosal hyperemia, hyperthermia, and bilateral edema of the thoracic and pelvic limbs. Based on the radiographic examination, a periosteal reaction with palisade-like appearance was found in the metacarpals, radios, ulna, humerus, scapulae, tibias, and fibulae. There were no significant changes in additional exams. Due to poor prognosis, the cat was euthanized and referred for necropsy and histopathological examination. All organs were examined both macroscopically and microscopically. Frag-ments were fixed in 10% formalin and routinely processed for histological slides with hematoxylin–eosin and Massons trichrome, and limb bones that were not fixed in formalin were macerated. Lesions were observed only in the thoracic and pelvic limbs. Macroscopically, there was a diffuse, regular, slightly firm volume increase, covered by abundant gelati-nous whitish tissue. The periosteal bone neoformations were characterized by numerous papillary projections distributed throughout the phalanges, radius, ulna, humerus, scapulae, tibia and fibulae. Histologically...(AU)

Osteopatia hipertrófica associada à metástase intratorácica de tumor mamário canino: relato de dois casos / Hypertrophic osteopathy associated with intrathoracic metastasis of mammary tumor canine: two cases report / Osteopatía hipertrófica asociada con metástasis intratorácica canina de tumor de mama: dos casos de informe

A osteopatia hipertrófica é um distúrbio de osteoprodução generalizada do periósteo que acomete os ossos longos, sendo geralmente secundária a alguma doença intratorácica, como doença cardiopulmonar ou neoplasia. A maioria das lesões são bilaterais e simétricas, podendo ocorrer nos quatro membros. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar dois casos de osteopatia hipertrófica associada à metástase pulmonar de carcinoma mamário e os achados clínico patológicos destes cães foram estudados.(AU)

Hypertrophic osteopathy is a generalized bone production disorder the periosteum that affects the long bones, usually secondary to some intrathoracic disease, such as cardiopulmonary disease or cancer. Most lesions are bilateral and symmetrical and can occur in all four limbs. This study aims to report two cases of hypertrophic osteopathy associated pulmonary metastasis of breast carcinoma and the clinical and pathological findings of these dogs were studied.(AU)

Osteopatía hipertrófica es un trastorno generalizado osteoproducción del periostio que afecta a los huesos largos, generalmente secundaria a alguna enfermedad intratorácica, como la enfermedad cardiopulmonar o cáncer. La mayoría de las lesiones son bilaterales y simétricas, que se producen en las cuatro extremidades. Este estudio tiene como objetivo reportar dos casos de la osteopatía hipertrófica asociada con se estudiaron las metástasis pulmonares de carcinoma de mama hallazgos clínicos y patológicos de estos perros.(AU)

Osteopatia hipertrófica associada à metástase intratorácica de tumor mamário canino: relato de dois casos / Hypertrophic osteopathy associated with intrathoracic metastasis of mammary tumor canine: two cases report / Osteopatía hipertrófica asociada con metástasis intratorácica canina de tumor de mama: dos casos de informe

A osteopatia hipertrófica é um distúrbio de osteoprodução generalizada do periósteo que acomete os ossos longos, sendo geralmente secundária a alguma doença intratorácica, como doença cardiopulmonar ou neoplasia. A maioria das lesões são bilaterais e simétricas, podendo ocorrer nos quatro membros. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar dois casos de osteopatia hipertrófica associada à metástase pulmonar de carcinoma mamário e os achados clínico patológicos destes cães foram estudados.

Hypertrophic osteopathy is a generalized bone production disorder the periosteum that affects the long bones, usually secondary to some intrathoracic disease, such as cardiopulmonary disease or cancer. Most lesions are bilateral and symmetrical and can occur in all four limbs. This study aims to report two cases of hypertrophic osteopathy associated pulmonary metastasis of breast carcinoma and the clinical and pathological findings of these dogs were studied.

Osteopatía hipertrófica es un trastorno generalizado osteoproducción del periostio que afecta a los huesos largos, generalmente secundaria a alguna enfermedad intratorácica, como la enfermedad cardiopulmonar o cáncer. La mayoría de las lesiones son bilaterales y simétricas, que se producen en las cuatro extremidades. Este estudio tiene como objetivo reportar dos casos de la osteopatía hipertrófica asociada con se estudiaron las metástasis pulmonares de carcinoma de mama hallazgos clínicos y patológicos de estos perros.