Sperm cryopreservation of Prochilodus brevis using different concentrations of non-permeable cryoprotectants

Abstract The action of substances with non-permeable cryoprotectant potential, besides glucose, has not yet been studied for the species Prochilodus brevis. The objective of this work was to evaluate the action of four non-permeable cryoprotectants on this species sperm cryopreservation. Five pools were cryopreserved in a solution of 5% glucose and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) associated or not (control) with cryoprotectants egg yolk (5, 10 or 12%), soy lecithin (2.5, 7.5 or 10%), sucrose (5, 10 or 20%) and lactose (5, 8 or 15%). After thawing, samples were evaluated for sperm kinetics (total motility, motility duration, velocities, and wobble - WOB), morphology and membrane and DNA integrity. The treatments containing egg yolk improved significantly (P<0.05) results when compared the control for the membrane integrity parameter. When compared to other treatments, egg yolk, at any concentration, presented higher results (P<0.05) for membrane integrity, total motility, curvilinear velocity (VCL) and average path velocity (VAP) parameters. Egg yolk also showed the best results for WOB, but it did not differ from 5% and 8% lactose and 5% and 20% sucrose. Soy lecithin had the lowest percentages of morphologically normal sperm (P<0.05), while the other treatments did not differ from each other. There was no difference regarding DNA integrity data. Thus, 5% egg yolk is indicated as a non-permeable cryoprotectant for P. brevis, in association with 5% glucose and 10% Me2SO.

Sperm cryopreservation of Prochilodus brevis using different concentrations of non-permeable cryoprotectants

The action of substances with non-permeable cryoprotectant potential, besides glucose, has not yet been studied for the species Prochilodus brevis. The objective of this work was to evaluate the action of four non-permeable cryoprotectants on this species sperm cryopreservation. Five pools were cryopreserved in a solution of 5% glucose and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) associated or not (control) with cryoprotectants egg yolk (5, 10 or 12%), soy lecithin (2.5, 7.5 or 10%), sucrose (5, 10 or 20%) and lactose (5, 8 or 15%). After thawing, samples were evaluated for sperm kinetics (total motility, motility duration, velocities, and wobble - WOB), morphology and membrane and DNA integrity. The treatments containing egg yolk improved significantly (P<0.05) results when compared the control for the membrane integrity parameter. When compared to other treatments, egg yolk, at any concentration, presented higher results (P<0.05) for membrane integrity, total motility, curvilinear velocity (VCL) and average path velocity (VAP) parameters. Egg yolk also showed the best results for WOB, but it did not differ from 5% and 8% lactose and 5% and 20% sucrose. Soy lecithin had the lowest percentages of morphologically normal sperm (P<0.05), while the other treatments did not differ from each other. There was no difference regarding DNA integrity data. Thus, 5% egg yolk is indicated as a non-permeable cryoprotectant for P. brevis, in association with 5% glucose and 10% Me2SO.(AU)

Comparação do efeito do exsudato da raiz de alface e da hortelã vergamota sobre o desenvolvimento de tilápia do nilo e população de parasitas em sistema de aquaponia / Comparison of the effect of the exudate from lettuce root and the effect fromexudate of bergamot mint on the development of nile tilapia andparasites population in aquaponics system

Plantas liberam, através das raízes, compostos orgânicos. Sabe-se que a Mentha piperita libera terpenos, compostos com efeito antiparasitário em peixes, pelo sistema radicular. Sistemas de produção aquapônicos cultivam, simultaneamente, peixes e vegetais. Desta forma, este trabalho propõe-se a investigar se a hortelã vergamota (Menta X piperita var citrata) controla a infestação de monogenóides em tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus), através do exsudado de suas raízes, em sistema de aquaponia e os efeitos dessa integração sobre os parâmetros de qualidade da água e desenvolvimento ponderal dos peixes. O experimento utilizou três tratamentos com quatro repetições, durante 45 dias, sendo eles: aquaponia com alface como placebo, (Lactuca sativa., CA), aquaponia com hortelã vergamota (M. X piperita var citrata, CH) e cultivo de peixes sem plantas (SP), mantendo se a qualidade da água adequada ao conforto para os peixes. Foram utilizados 120 peixes com peso médio inicial de 1,9±0,45g, distribuídos em 12 aquários. Nos tratamentos CA e CH, houve significativo incremento no peso médio dos peixes (3,89±0,18g = CA; 4,15±0,17g = CH; e 3,49±0,18g = SP; p<0,05) e manutenção da qualidade da água para amônia (0,44mg/L = CA; 0,38mg/L = CH e 1,25mg/L = SP; p<0,05) e pH (6,86 = CA; 6,80 = CH e5,64 = SP; p<0,05). Os índices parasitológicos não diferiram estatisticamente entre os tratamentos. Pôde-se concluir então, que as plantas contribuem para o desempenho dos animais através do controle da qualidade da água. Entretanto, não foi possível concluir que o exsudado das raízes da hortelã pode controlar a população de monogenóides em tilápias.

Plants release organic compounds through their roots. It is known that Mentha piperita releases terpenes by its root system, compounds that show antiparasitic effect in fishes. Aquaponics systems raises simultaneously fishes and vegetables. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate if the bergamot mint (Mentha X piperita var citrata) controls a monogeneans infestation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through its root exudates in the aquaponics system and the effects of this integration in water quality parameters and weight development. The experiment used three treatments with four repetitions in water with adequate quality for fish culture, each for 45 days: aquaponics with lettuce as placebo (Lactuva sativa; CA), aquaponics with bergamot mint (CH) and fish culture without plants (SP). A total of 120 Nile tilapia juveniles with 1.9±0,45g mean weight were used distributed in 12 fish tanks. In the treatments CA and CH, there were a significant increase in the mean weight (3.89±0.18g = CA; 4.15±0.17g = CH; e 3.49±0.18g = SP; p<0.05), as well water quality maintenance for ammonia (0.44mg/L = CA; 0.38mg/L = CH e 1.25mg/L = SP; p<0.05) and pH (6.86 = CA; 6.80 = CH; e 5.64 = SP; p<0.05), regardless of vegetable specie. Parasitological indices did not differ statistically between the treatments. So, it can be concluded that plants contribute in effective way to the animal's performance, especially, for the water quality control. However, it is not possible to conclude that the exudate of bergamot mint roots can control monogeneans population in tilapia.

Effectiveness of near-infrared spectroscopy as a non-invasive tool to discriminate spectral profiles of in vitro cultured oocytes from goats

Abstract Here, we aimed to discriminate between the spectral profiles of spent culture media after oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) and culture (IVC) from goats of different ages subjected to repeated hormonal treatments. The profiles were discriminated using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate methods. A total of 19 goats (young = 10; old = 9) were subjected to serial hormonal stimulation (HS) with gonadotropins. Cumulus oophorus complexes (COCs) were collected using laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) and subjected to IVM and parthenogenetic activation. The initial embryos were subjected to IVC. Spent culture media were collected after oocyte IVM and on day 2 of IVC and analyzed using NIR spectroscopy. NIR spectral data were interpreted through chemometric methods, such as principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The results of PCA analysis clearly showed a separation in the spectral profiles between the experimental groups (HS sessions; young and old animals) both after IVM and IVC. Overall, the main absorption bands were attributed to the C-H group second overtone, first overtone of O-H and N-H, and C-H combinations and may serve as molecular markers. On the other hand, the spectral data obtained using PLS-DA models provided a better classification of the groups. The results showed the possibility of discriminating young and old groups as well as the three HS sessions with high specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy using NIR spectra. Thus, the culture medium analysis using NIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate methods indicated the dissimilarities between the groups and provided an insight into the in vitro development of goat oocytes. This technique serves as an efficient, objective, rapid, and non-invasive method to discriminate spectral profiles.

Comparação do efeito do exsudato da raiz de alface e da hortelã vergamota sobre o desenvolvimento de tilápia do nilo e população de parasitas em sistema de aquaponia / Comparison of the effect of the exudate from lettuce root and the effect fromexudate of bergamot mint on the development of nile tilapia andparasites population in aquaponics system

Plantas liberam, através das raízes, compostos orgânicos. Sabe-se que a Mentha piperita libera terpenos, compostos com efeito antiparasitário em peixes, pelo sistema radicular. Sistemas de produção aquapônicos cultivam, simultaneamente, peixes e vegetais. Desta forma, este trabalho propõe-se a investigar se a hortelã vergamota (Menta X piperita var citrata) controla a infestação de monogenóides em tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus), através do exsudado de suas raízes, em sistema de aquaponia e os efeitos dessa integração sobre os parâmetros de qualidade da água e desenvolvimento ponderal dos peixes. O experimento utilizou três tratamentos com quatro repetições, durante 45 dias, sendo eles: aquaponia com alface como placebo, (Lactuca sativa., CA), aquaponia com hortelã vergamota (M. X piperita var citrata, CH) e cultivo de peixes sem plantas (SP), mantendo se a qualidade da água adequada ao conforto para os peixes. Foram utilizados 120 peixes com peso médio inicial de 1,9±0,45g, distribuídos em 12 aquários. Nos tratamentos CA e CH, houve significativo incremento no peso médio dos peixes (3,89±0,18g = CA; 4,15±0,17g = CH; e 3,49±0,18g = SP; p<0,05) e manutenção da qualidade da água para amônia (0,44mg/L = CA; 0,38mg/L = CH e 1,25mg/L = SP; p<0,05) e pH (6,86 = CA; 6,80 = CH e5,64 = SP; p<0,05). Os índices parasitológicos não diferiram estatisticamente entre os tratamentos. Pôde-se concluir então, que as plantas contribuem para o desempenho dos animais através do controle da qualidade da água. Entretanto, não foi possível concluir que o exsudado das raízes da hortelã pode controlar a população de monogenóides em tilápias.(AU)

Plants release organic compounds through their roots. It is known that Mentha piperita releases terpenes by its root system, compounds that show antiparasitic effect in fishes. Aquaponics systems raises simultaneously fishes and vegetables. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate if the bergamot mint (Mentha X piperita var citrata) controls a monogeneans infestation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through its root exudates in the aquaponics system and the effects of this integration in water quality parameters and weight development. The experiment used three treatments with four repetitions in water with adequate quality for fish culture, each for 45 days: aquaponics with lettuce as placebo (Lactuva sativa; CA), aquaponics with bergamot mint (CH) and fish culture without plants (SP). A total of 120 Nile tilapia juveniles with 1.9±0,45g mean weight were used distributed in 12 fish tanks. In the treatments CA and CH, there were a significant increase in the mean weight (3.89±0.18g = CA; 4.15±0.17g = CH; e 3.49±0.18g = SP; p<0.05), as well water quality maintenance for ammonia (0.44mg/L = CA; 0.38mg/L = CH e 1.25mg/L = SP; p<0.05) and pH (6.86 = CA; 6.80 = CH; e 5.64 = SP; p<0.05), regardless of vegetable specie. Parasitological indices did not differ statistically between the treatments. So, it can be concluded that plants contribute in effective way to the animal's performance, especially, for the water quality control. However, it is not possible to conclude that the exudate of bergamot mint roots can control monogeneans population in tilapia.(AU)

Effectiveness of near-infrared spectroscopy as a non-invasive tool to discriminate spectral profiles of in vitro cultured oocytes from goats

Here, we aimed to discriminate between the spectral profiles of spent culture media after oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) and culture (IVC) from goats of different ages subjected to repeated hormonal treatments. The profiles were discriminated using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate methods. A total of 19 goats (young = 10; old = 9) were subjected to serial hormonal stimulation (HS) with gonadotropins. Cumulus oophorus complexes (COCs) were collected using laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) and subjected to IVM and parthenogenetic activation. The initial embryos were subjected to IVC. Spent culture media were collected after oocyte IVM and on day 2 of IVC and analyzed using NIR spectroscopy. NIR spectral data were interpreted through chemometric methods, such as principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The results of PCA analysis clearly showed a separation in the spectral profiles between the experimental groups (HS sessions; young and old animals) both after IVM and IVC. Overall, the main absorption bands were attributed to the C-H group second overtone, first overtone of O-H and N-H, and C-H combinations and may serve as molecular markers. On the other hand, the spectral data obtained using PLS-DA models provided a better classification of the groups. The results showed the possibility of discriminating young and old groups as well as the three HS sessions with high specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy using NIR spectra. Thus, the culture medium analysis using NIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate methods indicated the dissimilarities between the groups and provided an insight into the in vitro development of goat oocytes. This technique serves as an efficient, objective, rapid, and non-invasive method to discriminate spectral profiles.(AU)

Use of glycosaminoglycans from Oreochromisniloticus skin as an antioxidant supplement for milt cryopreservation of Brazilian bocachico / Uso de glicosaminoglicanos da pele Oreochromis niloticus como suplemento antioxidante na criopreservação de sêmen de curimatã comum (Prochilodus brevis)

The study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant action of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) from the skinof Oreochromis niloticus, and to determine their ideal concentration to supplement the sperm freezing medium of Prochilodus brevis. In experiment 1, the in vitro antioxidant properties of GAGs were verified through the analysis of DPPH, chelating ferrous ability, and total antioxidant capacity. In experiment 2, milt pools were formed, which were frozen in solution supplemented or not with different GAGs concentrations: 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, or 5.0 mg mL-¹ (total of 10 treatments). The samples were evaluated for membrane integrity, DNA integrity, sperm morphology, and sperm kinetics. The results of experiment 1 showed that the GAGs exhibited, with the increase of the concentration, significant antioxidant action, for all the evaluated tests, mainly in the chelating ferrous ability. In experiment 2, it was observed that the increase of GAGs concentration decreased kinetic parameters (P < 0.05), however, the control and 0.5 mg mL-1 GAGs concentration showed similar results. For the other parameters (membrane integrity, DNA integrity, and sperm morphology), there was no decrease in results with the increase of GAGs concentration. In conclusion, GAGs extracted from O. niloticus skin have antioxidant action, and the concentration of 0.5 mg mL-¹ was the most adequate to supplement the P. brevis sperm-freezing medium.

O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar in vitro a ação antioxidante de glicosaminoglicanos (GAGs) da pele de Oreochromis niloticus e determinar sua concentração ideal para suplementar o meio de congelação espermático de Prochilodus brevis. No experimento 1, foram verificadas as propriedades antioxidantes in vitro dos GAGs por meio das análises de DPPH, capacidade quelante do ferro e capacidade antioxidante total. No experimento 2, foram formados pool de sêmen, que foram congelados em solução suplementada, ou não, com diferentes concentrações de GAGs: 0 (controle); 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5; 4,0; 4,5 ou5,0 mg mL-¹ (total de 10 tratamentos). As amostras foram avaliadas quanto à integridade da membrana, integridade do DNA, morfologia e cinética espermática. Os resultados do experimento 1, mostraram que os GAGs exibiram, com o aumento da concentração, ação antioxidante significativa, para todos os testes avaliados, principalmente na capacidade quelante do ferro. No experimento 2, observou-se que o aumento da concentração de GAGs diminuiu os parâmetros cinéticos (P < 0,05), porém o controle e a concentração de 0,5 mg mL-1 de GAGs apresentaram resultados semelhantes. Para os demais parâmetros (morfologia, integridade de membrana e de DNA), não houve diminuição dos resultados com o aumento da concentração de GAGs. Em conclusão, os GAGs, extraídos da pele de O. niloticus, possuem ação antioxidante, sendo a concentração de 0,5 mg mL-1 a mais adequada para suplementar o meio de congelação espermático de P. brevis.

Use of glycosaminoglycans from Oreochromisniloticus skin as an antioxidant supplement for milt cryopreservation of Brazilian bocachico / Uso de glicosaminoglicanos da pele Oreochromis niloticus como suplemento antioxidante na criopreservação de sêmen de curimatã comum (Prochilodus brevis)

The study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant action of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) from the skinof Oreochromis niloticus, and to determine their ideal concentration to supplement the sperm freezing medium of Prochilodus brevis. In experiment 1, the in vitro antioxidant properties of GAGs were verified through the analysis of DPPH, chelating ferrous ability, and total antioxidant capacity. In experiment 2, milt pools were formed, which were frozen in solution supplemented or not with different GAGs concentrations: 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, or 5.0 mg mL-¹ (total of 10 treatments). The samples were evaluated for membrane integrity, DNA integrity, sperm morphology, and sperm kinetics. The results of experiment 1 showed that the GAGs exhibited, with the increase of the concentration, significant antioxidant action, for all the evaluated tests, mainly in the chelating ferrous ability. In experiment 2, it was observed that the increase of GAGs concentration decreased kinetic parameters (P < 0.05), however, the control and 0.5 mg mL-1 GAGs concentration showed similar results. For the other parameters (membrane integrity, DNA integrity, and sperm morphology), there was no decrease in results with the increase of GAGs concentration. In conclusion, GAGs extracted from O. niloticus skin have antioxidant action, and the concentration of 0.5 mg mL-¹ was the most adequate to supplement the P. brevis sperm-freezing medium.(AU)

O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar in vitro a ação antioxidante de glicosaminoglicanos (GAGs) da pele de Oreochromis niloticus e determinar sua concentração ideal para suplementar o meio de congelação espermático de Prochilodus brevis. No experimento 1, foram verificadas as propriedades antioxidantes in vitro dos GAGs por meio das análises de DPPH, capacidade quelante do ferro e capacidade antioxidante total. No experimento 2, foram formados pool de sêmen, que foram congelados em solução suplementada, ou não, com diferentes concentrações de GAGs: 0 (controle); 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5; 4,0; 4,5 ou5,0 mg mL-¹ (total de 10 tratamentos). As amostras foram avaliadas quanto à integridade da membrana, integridade do DNA, morfologia e cinética espermática. Os resultados do experimento 1, mostraram que os GAGs exibiram, com o aumento da concentração, ação antioxidante significativa, para todos os testes avaliados, principalmente na capacidade quelante do ferro. No experimento 2, observou-se que o aumento da concentração de GAGs diminuiu os parâmetros cinéticos (P < 0,05), porém o controle e a concentração de 0,5 mg mL-1 de GAGs apresentaram resultados semelhantes. Para os demais parâmetros (morfologia, integridade de membrana e de DNA), não houve diminuição dos resultados com o aumento da concentração de GAGs. Em conclusão, os GAGs, extraídos da pele de O. niloticus, possuem ação antioxidante, sendo a concentração de 0,5 mg mL-1 a mais adequada para suplementar o meio de congelação espermático de P. brevis.(AU)

Impact of hypotensive action of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on ovarian-intraovarian blood flow and follicles development in goats hormonally stimulated with repeated FSH-ECG treatment

Background: Recent evidence shows that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) participates in important reproductiveprocesses, such as steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation and ovulation. Several studies have proposed touse an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) as a RAS modulator, aiming to improve reproductive efficiency, however,the presence of the main components of this system in reproductive tissues still need to be further investigated, since thephysiological functions seem to be species-specific. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of enalapril-maleate,an ACE inhibitor, during repeated gonadotropins treatment on ovarian blood flow and follicular development in goats.Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty Anglo-Nubian cross-bred goats were equally grouped according to parity (n= 10/group): nulliparous and multiparous parity. In each group, five animals were randomly selected to receive 0.4 mg.kg-1 ofenalapril-maleate during 11 days of estrus synchronization and gonadotropins treatments. The other animals received thesame volume of saline solution. Estrus synchronization of all goats was made by intramuscular ad-ministration of PGF2αanalog, followed 48 h later by intravaginal insertion of a controlled internal drug release device. Forty-eight h after devicewithdrawal, a single dose of 60 mg of FSH plus 300 UI of eCG was administered and repeated every 4 days to complete 3treatments. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed using pulsed and color Doppler to evaluate Doppler velocimetricsparameters of the ovarian artery and intraovarian blood flow, respec-tively, and B-mode real-time ultrasound scanner toevaluate the follicular development. In the females treated with enalapril-maleate was observed a significant reduction ofsystolic and diastolic peak, without difference according to parity. In addition, in the third session of hor-monal stimulation,only the groups (nulliparous and multiparous) not treated with...(AU)

Impact of hypotensive action of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on ovarian-intraovarian blood flow and follicles development in goats hormonally stimulated with repeated FSH-ECG treatment

Background: Recent evidence shows that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) participates in important reproductiveprocesses, such as steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation and ovulation. Several studies have proposed touse an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) as a RAS modulator, aiming to improve reproductive efficiency, however,the presence of the main components of this system in reproductive tissues still need to be further investigated, since thephysiological functions seem to be species-specific. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of enalapril-maleate,an ACE inhibitor, during repeated gonadotropins treatment on ovarian blood flow and follicular development in goats.Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty Anglo-Nubian cross-bred goats were equally grouped according to parity (n= 10/group): nulliparous and multiparous parity. In each group, five animals were randomly selected to receive 0.4 mg.kg-1 ofenalapril-maleate during 11 days of estrus synchronization and gonadotropins treatments. The other animals received thesame volume of saline solution. Estrus synchronization of all goats was made by intramuscular ad-ministration of PGF2αanalog, followed 48 h later by intravaginal insertion of a controlled internal drug release device. Forty-eight h after devicewithdrawal, a single dose of 60 mg of FSH plus 300 UI of eCG was administered and repeated every 4 days to complete 3treatments. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed using pulsed and color Doppler to evaluate Doppler velocimetricsparameters of the ovarian artery and intraovarian blood flow, respec-tively, and B-mode real-time ultrasound scanner toevaluate the follicular development. In the females treated with enalapril-maleate was observed a significant reduction ofsystolic and diastolic peak, without difference according to parity. In addition, in the third session of hor-monal stimulation,only the groups (nulliparous and multiparous) not treated with...

Espectroscopia NIR e análise multivariada aplicadas à identificação de grupos espectrais de células tronco derivadas do fluido amniótico de caprinos / NIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis applied to the identification of spectrum groups of trunk cells derived from goats amniotic fluid

O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um modelo preditivo através de técnica multivariada para diferenciar meios de cultivo de células-tronco cultivadas in vitro e criopreservadas de acordo com os perfis de absorbância obtidas por NIR. Para tanto, foram coletados meios de cultivo de células-tronco oriundo do fluido amniótico de fetos caprinos, antes e após o processo de criopreservação por vitrificarão, e submetidos à análise pelo NIR. Foi possível estimar com alta acurácia o tratamento empregado nas amostras, gerando uma impressão digital dos meios de cultivo in vitro de células criopreservadas ou não.

The objective of this work was to develop a predictive model through a multivariate technique to differentiate culture media from stem cells cultured in vitro and cryopreserved according to the absorbance profiles obtained by NIR. For this purpose, culture media were collected from stem cells from the amniotic fluid of goat fetuses, before and after cryopreservation by vitrification, and submitted to NIR analysis. It was possible to estimate with high accuracy the treatment used in the samples, generating a fingerprint of in vitro culture media of cryopreserved cells or not.

Espectroscopia NIR e análise multivariada aplicadas à identificação de grupos espectrais de células tronco derivadas do fluido amniótico de caprinos / NIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis applied to the identification of spectrum groups of trunk cells derived from goats amniotic fluid

O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um modelo preditivo através de técnica multivariada para diferenciar meios de cultivo de células-tronco cultivadas in vitro e criopreservadas de acordo com os perfis de absorbância obtidas por NIR. Para tanto, foram coletados meios de cultivo de células-tronco oriundo do fluido amniótico de fetos caprinos, antes e após o processo de criopreservação por vitrificarão, e submetidos à análise pelo NIR. Foi possível estimar com alta acurácia o tratamento empregado nas amostras, gerando uma impressão digital dos meios de cultivo in vitro de células criopreservadas ou não.(AU)

The objective of this work was to develop a predictive model through a multivariate technique to differentiate culture media from stem cells cultured in vitro and cryopreserved according to the absorbance profiles obtained by NIR. For this purpose, culture media were collected from stem cells from the amniotic fluid of goat fetuses, before and after cryopreservation by vitrification, and submitted to NIR analysis. It was possible to estimate with high accuracy the treatment used in the samples, generating a fingerprint of in vitro culture media of cryopreserved cells or not.(AU)

Indução do estro pós-parto de cabras suplementadas com diferentes fontes de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados / Induction of the post-breeding stem of additional goats with different sources of polynesaturated fatty acids

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão de diferentes fontes de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados sobre a resposta à indução do estro pós-parto em cabras. Trinta e oito cabras prenhes, homogêneas em peso escore e idade, foram divididas em três grupos alimentares: Grupo Controle (GC), Linhaça (GL) e Alga (GA). O estro foi sincronizado aos 40 dias pós-parição e foram avaliadas a taxa de sincronização, taxa de ovulação e a funcionalidade do corpo lúteo. Os animais do GA, 76,9% apresentaram estro após o protocolo hormonal, superior aos 33,3% do GC. O GL não diferiu estatisticamente de GC e GA, com uma taxa de 57,9%. A taxa de ovulação e a área luteal não foram influenciadas pelas diferentes dietas experimentais.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of different sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the response to induction of postpartum estrus in goats. Thirty-eight pregnant goats, homogeneous in weight and age, were divided into three groups: Control Group (CG), Linseed (GL) and Algae (GA). Estrus was synchronized at 40 days postpartum and the synchronization rate, ovulation rate and corpus luteum function were evaluated. The GA animals, 76.9% presented estrus after the hormonal protocol, superior to 33.3% of the CG. The GL did not differ statistically from GC and GA, with a rate of 57.9%. The ovulation rate and the luteal area were not influenced by the different experimental diets.

Indução do estro pós-parto de cabras suplementadas com diferentes fontes de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados / Induction of the post-breeding stem of additional goats with different sources of polynesaturated fatty acids

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão de diferentes fontes de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados sobre a resposta à indução do estro pós-parto em cabras. Trinta e oito cabras prenhes, homogêneas em peso escore e idade, foram divididas em três grupos alimentares: Grupo Controle (GC), Linhaça (GL) e Alga (GA). O estro foi sincronizado aos 40 dias pós-parição e foram avaliadas a taxa de sincronização, taxa de ovulação e a funcionalidade do corpo lúteo. Os animais do GA, 76,9% apresentaram estro após o protocolo hormonal, superior aos 33,3% do GC. O GL não diferiu estatisticamente de GC e GA, com uma taxa de 57,9%. A taxa de ovulação e a área luteal não foram influenciadas pelas diferentes dietas experimentais.(AU)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of different sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the response to induction of postpartum estrus in goats. Thirty-eight pregnant goats, homogeneous in weight and age, were divided into three groups: Control Group (CG), Linseed (GL) and Algae (GA). Estrus was synchronized at 40 days postpartum and the synchronization rate, ovulation rate and corpus luteum function were evaluated. The GA animals, 76.9% presented estrus after the hormonal protocol, superior to 33.3% of the CG. The GL did not differ statistically from GC and GA, with a rate of 57.9%. The ovulation rate and the luteal area were not influenced by the different experimental diets.(AU)

Capacidade fecundante do sêmen congelado de Prochilodus brevis / Fertilizing capacity of the cryopreserved sperm of Prochilodus brevis

Background: Seminal cryopreservation is a technique that optimizes aquacultural production, as it requires less breedingand enables reproduction outside of the breeding season. This technique also helps to preserve species, thus reducing thepressure on the natural stocks. Several studies have sought to develop freezing protocols that result in semen of a goodquality. However, some studies do not evaluate the ability of frozen semen to produce viable larvae. Therefore, the aimof this study was to verify the fertilizing capacity of the frozen semen of Prochilodus brevis.Materials, Methods & Results: Semen from twenty adult males of the Brazilian bocachico was collected and evaluatedto establish the total motility, curvilinear velocity, straight linear velocity, average path velocity, membrane integrity, pH,and concentration. Six pools were formed, each of which was diluted in a freezing medium containing 5% glucose with10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or 5% glucose with 10% methyl glycol (MG). The samples were loaded into 0.25 mLFrench straws, frozen in a dry shipper, and stored in a liquid nitrogen canister. The semen was then thawed and evaluatedto establish the total motility, curvilinear velocity, straight linear velocity, average path velocity, and membrane integrity.For the fertilization test, four females were used. The oocytes from each female were divided into three batches and fertilized with either fresh or cryopreserved semen. The rates of fertilization, hatching, and larval survival were then measured.Data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation and analyzed using SAS (2002). The frozen semen with glucose +DMSO was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the frozen semen with glucose + MG, in all seminal quality parametersevaluated (63.95 ± 15.88% and 25.36 ± 3.53% for the motility, 36.38 ± 7.02 μm.s-1 and 20.45 ± 2.84 μm.s-1 for the curvilinear velocity, 19.26 ± 2.74 μm.s-1 and...

Capacidade fecundante do sêmen congelado de Prochilodus brevis / Fertilizing capacity of the cryopreserved sperm of Prochilodus brevis

Background: Seminal cryopreservation is a technique that optimizes aquacultural production, as it requires less breedingand enables reproduction outside of the breeding season. This technique also helps to preserve species, thus reducing thepressure on the natural stocks. Several studies have sought to develop freezing protocols that result in semen of a goodquality. However, some studies do not evaluate the ability of frozen semen to produce viable larvae. Therefore, the aimof this study was to verify the fertilizing capacity of the frozen semen of Prochilodus brevis.Materials, Methods & Results: Semen from twenty adult males of the Brazilian bocachico was collected and evaluatedto establish the total motility, curvilinear velocity, straight linear velocity, average path velocity, membrane integrity, pH,and concentration. Six pools were formed, each of which was diluted in a freezing medium containing 5% glucose with10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or 5% glucose with 10% methyl glycol (MG). The samples were loaded into 0.25 mLFrench straws, frozen in a dry shipper, and stored in a liquid nitrogen canister. The semen was then thawed and evaluatedto establish the total motility, curvilinear velocity, straight linear velocity, average path velocity, and membrane integrity.For the fertilization test, four females were used. The oocytes from each female were divided into three batches and fertilized with either fresh or cryopreserved semen. The rates of fertilization, hatching, and larval survival were then measured.Data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation and analyzed using SAS (2002). The frozen semen with glucose +DMSO was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the frozen semen with glucose + MG, in all seminal quality parametersevaluated (63.95 ± 15.88% and 25.36 ± 3.53% for the motility, 36.38 ± 7.02 μm.s-1 and 20.45 ± 2.84 μm.s-1 for the curvilinear velocity, 19.26 ± 2.74 μm.s-1 and...(AU)

Dose inseminante e embriogênese na fertilização assistida de carpa comum no nordeste brasileiro / Inseminating dose and embryogenesis in assisted fertilization of common carp in northeastern of Brazil

A presente pesquisa visou determinar a dose inseminante para a fertilização assistida da carpa comum, e o registro em imagens e o tempo de desenvolvimento de cada fase embrionária desta espécie em latitude equatorial. Verificou-se que a porcentagem de fertilização aumentou de forma linear, atingindo um platô em 45,5% na proporção de 208.295 espermatozoides/oócito. Assim, recomenda-se o uso da dose inseminante de aproximadamente 200.000 espermatozoides/oócito na rotina de fertilização assistida dessa espécie, no nordeste brasileiro. Além disso, o desenvolvimento embrionário da carpa em latitude equatorial segue a cronologia semelhante ao relatado para a espécie em clima temperado.(AU)

The present research aimed at determining insemination dose for artificial fertilization of common carp, and record images and time in the development of each embryonic stage of the species in equatorial latitude. The fertilization rate increased linearly up to the proportion of 208.295 spermatozoa/oocyte, and, from this point, the fertilization rate was maintained at 45.5%. Therefore, we recommend the use of the insemination dose of approximately 200.000 sperm/oocyte in the artificial fertilization routine of common carpin brazilian northeast. Moreover, embryonic development of carp in equatorial latitude follows the chronology similar to that reported for the species in temperate zones.(AU)

Dose inseminante e embriogênese na fertilização assistida de carpa comum no nordeste brasileiro / Inseminating dose and embryogenesis in assisted fertilization of common carp in northeastern of Brazil

A presente pesquisa visou determinar a dose inseminante para a fertilização assistida da carpa comum, e o registro em imagens e o tempo de desenvolvimento de cada fase embrionária desta espécie em latitude equatorial. Verificou-se que a porcentagem de fertilização aumentou de forma linear, atingindo um platô em 45,5% na proporção de 208.295 espermatozoides/oócito. Assim, recomenda-se o uso da dose inseminante de aproximadamente 200.000 espermatozoides/oócito na rotina de fertilização assistida dessa espécie, no nordeste brasileiro. Além disso, o desenvolvimento embrionário da carpa em latitude equatorial segue a cronologia semelhante ao relatado para a espécie em clima temperado.

The present research aimed at determining insemination dose for artificial fertilization of common carp, and record images and time in the development of each embryonic stage of the species in equatorial latitude. The fertilization rate increased linearly up to the proportion of 208.295 spermatozoa/oocyte, and, from this point, the fertilization rate was maintained at 45.5%. Therefore, we recommend the use of the insemination dose of approximately 200.000 sperm/oocyte in the artificial fertilization routine of common carpin brazilian northeast. Moreover, embryonic development of carp in equatorial latitude follows the chronology similar to that reported for the species in temperate zones.

Correlation of feline immunodeficiency virus status and the severity of feline chronic gingivostomatitis / Correlação do status sorológico para FIV e a gravidade da gengivoestomatite crônica felina

Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a challenge for the veterinary practitioner since its etiology and treatments are still undefined. The present paper investigated the role of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in the severity of the FCGS. Oral mucosal biopsies obtained from 19 cats with FCGS were divided into two groups according to their FIV serology status. Later, the clinical lesion score was correlated with the histopathological grade of FCGS lesions and the degree of immunostaining in both groups. Most of the animals had significant histological changes; however, no correlation with FIV immunostaining intensity was observed. It was concluded that the presence of FIV infection or the animal's seropositivity status does not seem to interfere with the severity of clinical signs nor the degree of histopathological changes when compared to the seronegative group.(AU)

A gengivoestomatite crônica felina (FCGS) é um desafio para o veterinário, uma vez que a sua etiologia e tratamentos permanecem indefinidos. O presente trabalho investigou o papel do vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) na gravidade do FCGS. Biópsias da mucosa oral de 19 gatos com FCGS foram divididas em dois grupos de acordo com o status sorológico de FIV. Mais tarde, o escore de lesão clínica foi correlacionado com o grau histopatológico das lesões FCGS e o grau de imunocoloração em ambos os grupos. A maioria dos animais apresentou alterações histológicas significativas, porém não foi observada correlação com a intensidade de imunocoloração para FIV. Concluiu-se que a presença de infecção por FIV ou o estado soropositivo dos animais não parece interferir com a gravidade dos sinais clínicos nem com o grau de alterações histopatológicas quando comparado ao grupo soronegativo.(AU)

Correlation of feline immunodeficiency virus status and the severity of feline chronic gingivostomatitis / Correlação do status sorológico para FIV e a gravidade da gengivoestomatite crônica felina

Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a challenge for the veterinary practitioner since its etiology and treatments are still undefined. The present paper investigated the role of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in the severity of the FCGS. Oral mucosal biopsies obtained from 19 cats with FCGS were divided into two groups according to their FIV serology status. Later, the clinical lesion score was correlated with the histopathological grade of FCGS lesions and the degree of immunostaining in both groups. Most of the animals had significant histological changes; however, no correlation with FIV immunostaining intensity was observed. It was concluded that the presence of FIV infection or the animal's seropositivity status does not seem to interfere with the severity of clinical signs nor the degree of histopathological changes when compared to the seronegative group.(AU)

A gengivoestomatite crônica felina (FCGS) é um desafio para o veterinário, uma vez que a sua etiologia e tratamentos permanecem indefinidos. O presente trabalho investigou o papel do vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) na gravidade do FCGS. Biópsias da mucosa oral de 19 gatos com FCGS foram divididas em dois grupos de acordo com o status sorológico de FIV. Mais tarde, o escore de lesão clínica foi correlacionado com o grau histopatológico das lesões FCGS e o grau de imunocoloração em ambos os grupos. A maioria dos animais apresentou alterações histológicas significativas, porém não foi observada correlação com a intensidade de imunocoloração para FIV. Concluiu-se que a presença de infecção por FIV ou o estado soropositivo dos animais não parece interferir com a gravidade dos sinais clínicos nem com o grau de alterações histopatológicas quando comparado ao grupo soronegativo.(AU)