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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 61(6): 1308-1313, dez. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-6158

Resumo

Foram avaliadas três vias de aplicação vacinal contra o vírus da doença de Newcastle em aves de criatório de fundo de quintal (AFQ) jovens e adultas. Um total de 135 AFQ foram distribuídas em tratamentos distintos de acordo com a via vacinal: via ocular (VO), água de bebida (VAB) e alimentar (VA). Cada tratamento foi representado por 40 aves (20 jovens e 20 adultas) e utilizou-se um grupo-controle de 15 aves não vacinadas. O programa de vacinação estabelecido constou de uma primovacinação e dois reforços vacinais, utilizando-se a cepa La Sota. Para aves jovens, os títulos obtidos pelas VO e VAB não diferiram aos 15, 45 e 140 dias, mas houve diferenças nos títulos das aves vacinadas pela VA. Nas aves adultas, a vacinação pela VO apresentou resultados mais elevados que as vacinações pelas VAB e VA na primeira resposta, aos 15 dias. Aos 45 dias, os títulos obtidos pela VAB foram mais baixos que os obtidos pela VO, e, aos 140 dias, não houve diferença entre as três vias avaliadas. Concluiu-se que as vacinações pelas VO e VAB constituem alternativas eficazes para vacinação de AFQ jovens e adultas.(AU)


Three ways of vaccination against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) were evaluated in young and adults domestic backyard poultry (DBP). A total of 135 DBP was submitted to three different administration routes of ND vaccine: eye-drop, drinking water, and feed. Each treatment consisted of 40 birds (20 young and 20 adult) and a control group of 15 unvaccinated birds. The treatment consisted of a first vaccination and two boosters, using La Sota strain. For young birds, the eye-drop and drinking water vaccinations presented no differences at 15, 45, and 140 days, differing from the titers obtained by birds treated by feed vaccination method. In the adult birds, the eye-drop administration presented higher titers than by drinking water and feed approaches in the first response to the vaccination at 15 days. At 45 days, the results obtained by the drinking water had lower titers than those from the eye-drop. The three vaccination methods presented no difference at 140 days. In conclusion, the vaccination by eye-drop and drinking water methods constituted an efficient alternative of vaccination for adult and young DBP against Newcastle virus.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/isolamento & purificação , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Virais/efeitos adversos , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/imunologia , Formação de Anticorpos/fisiologia , Aves Domésticas
2.
Anim. Reprod. ; 5(1-2): 5450, 2008. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-9469

Resumo

Incubation procedures are important for maintenance and improvement of quail egg production. Many factors can interfere with the success of incubation or the quality of hatched chicks. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify the effects of different positions and turning during artificial incubation of Japanese quail eggs on hatchability, egg weight loss, chick weight, and embryonic mortality. Eighty Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) were used for egg collection. Six hundred eggs were divided into four experimental groups (n = 150), according to their position during incubation: vertical position with small end up, vertical position with small end down, horizontal position without turning, and horizontal position with turning. Incubation process was done by automatic hatcheries with temperature of 37.5ºC and relative humidity of 60%. All eggs were weighed on their collection day and during incubation period to verify egg weight loss. All quail chicks were weighed at hatch. The eggs incubated in horizontal position with turning had the highest hatchability (77%), while the ones incubated in vertical position with small end up presented the lowest hatchability (8%). Egg position and turning influenced water loss during incubation. The groups with better hatchability presented lower egg weight loss and better hatch weight. The infertility-early embryo death was similar to the late embryo death in the eggs incubated in horizontal position with turning, while in the groups incubated in static position, the late embryo death was higher. The late embryo death was considered the main cause of mortality in the groups incubated in horizontal position without turning (31%), vertical position with small end down (24%) and vertical position with small end up (70%).(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ovos/análise , Incubadoras , Coturnix/classificação
3.
Anim. Reprod. (Online) ; 5(1-2): 5450-54, 2008. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1461561

Resumo

Incubation procedures are important for maintenance and improvement of quail egg production. Many factors can interfere with the success of incubation or the quality of hatched chicks. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify the effects of different positions and turning during artificial incubation of Japanese quail eggs on hatchability, egg weight loss, chick weight, and embryonic mortality. Eighty Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) were used for egg collection. Six hundred eggs were divided into four experimental groups (n = 150), according to their position during incubation: vertical position with small end up, vertical position with small end down, horizontal position without turning, and horizontal position with turning. Incubation process was done by automatic hatcheries with temperature of 37.5ºC and relative humidity of 60%. All eggs were weighed on their collection day and during incubation period to verify egg weight loss. All quail chicks were weighed at hatch. The eggs incubated in horizontal position with turning had the highest hatchability (77%), while the ones incubated in vertical position with small end up presented the lowest hatchability (8%). Egg position and turning influenced water loss during incubation. The groups with better hatchability presented lower egg weight loss and better hatch weight. The infertility-early embryo death was similar to the late embryo death in the eggs incubated in horizontal position with turning, while in the groups incubated in static position, the late embryo death was higher. The late embryo death was considered the main cause of mortality in the groups incubated in horizontal position without turning (31%), vertical position with small end down (24%) and vertical position with small end up (70%).


Assuntos
Animais , Incubadoras , Ovos/análise , Coturnix/classificação
4.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 73(4)2006.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1461825

Resumo

ABSTRACT Processing of poultry products requires a severe microbiological quality control, considering they are one of the main sources of foodborne infections. The objective of this research was to perform the isolation of enterobacteria in broiler carcasses from commercial establishments in the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza in Ceará State, Brazil. Broiler carcasses were collected and selected as fresh (n = 14), refrigerated (n = 18) and frozen (n = 19). Carcasses were submitted to a rinsing method, followed by pre-enrichment and enrichment with Rappaport-Vassiliadis and Selenite-Cystine, streaked on plates with Brilliant Green, MacConkey and Salmonella-Shigella agars, and to a presumptive biochemical identification. It was verified that all broiler carcasses categories presented enterobacteria contamination, with the following frequency of isolation: Proteus sp., 66.7%; Enterobacter sp., 15.7%; Citrobacter sp., 2%; Escherichia coli, 47.1%; Klebsiella sp., 11.8%; Shigella sp., 5.9%, and Salmonella sp. 11.8%. It was observed that no combination of culture media was able to detect all enterobacteria contamination in the broiler carcasses. Thus, it may be necessary the use of several combinations of culture media to determine the real microbiological quality of broiler carcasses.


RESUMO A carne de frango requer um rígido controle de qualidade microbiológica em seu processamento, uma vez que é uma das principais fontes de infecção alimentar para o homem. Desta forma, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar o isolamento de enterobactérias em carcaças de frango de corte obtidas em estabelecimentos comerciais na região metropolitana de Fortaleza no Estado do Ceará, Brasil. As carcaças foram coletadas e agrupadas em três categorias: frescas (n = 14), refrigeradas (n = 18) e congeladas (n = 19). As amostras foram submetidas a um método de enxaguadura, seguido por pré-eriquecimento e enriquecimento seletivo com os meios Rappaport-Vassiliadis e Selenito-Cistina, plaqueamento nos meios sólidos Verde Brilhante, MacConkey e Salmonella-Shigella e, posteriormente, a provas bioquímicas de identificação. Foram realizadas diversas combinações entre os meios para o processamento das amostras. Todas as categorias de carcaças apresentaram contaminação por enterobactérias, com as seguintes freqüências de isolamentos Proteus sp., 66,7%; Enterobacter sp., 15,7%; Citrobacter sp., 2%; Escherichia coli, 47,1%; Klebsiella sp., 11,8%; Shigella sp., 5,9% e Salmonella sp., 11,8%. Nenhuma combinação dos meios de cultura empregados foi capaz de isolar todas as contaminações por enterobactérias nas carcaças. Desta forma, é necessário o uso de várias combinações de meios de cultura para determinação real da qualidade microbiológica de carcaças de frango.

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