Mycobacteriosis in an appearantly healty atlantic mackerel (Scomber Scombrus, L) and zoonotic potential / Micobacteriose em uma cavala atlântica aparentemente curada (Scomber Scombrus, L) e potencial zoonótico

Mycobacteriosis was detected in seven out of one Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) that was purchased for human consumption from a fish market. The fish was apparently healthy but during cleaning, several granulomatous foci were noticed in the visceral organs. Histopathological examination of the lesions revealed numerous foci characterized by caseous necrosis in the center of the lesion surrounded by epithelioid giant cells. Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed the presence of rod-shaped, acid-fast bacteria. Furthermore, immunohistochemical examination revealed the presence of a protein of mycobacterial origin in giant cells and macrophages. Based on gross and microscopic findings, mycobacteriosis was diagnosed. This report showed that due to its zoonotic potential, mycobacteriosis should be considered even in healthy-appearing fishes for human consumption.

A micobacteriose foi detectada em uma de sete cavalas do Atlântico (Scomber scombrus) que foi comprada para consumo humano em um mercado de peixe. O peixe era aparentemente saudável, mas durante a limpeza, vários focos granulomatosos foram notados nos órgãos viscerais. O exame histopatológico das lesões revelou numerosos focos caracterizados por necrose caseosa no centro da lesão circundada por células gigantes epitelioides. A coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen revelou a presença de bactérias em forma de bastonete, com rápida acidez. Além disso, o exame imunohistoquímico revelou a presença de uma proteína de origem micobacteriana em células gigantes e macrófagos. Com base em achados grosseiros e microscópicos, a micobacteriose foi diagnosticada. Este relatório mostrou que devido a seu potencial zoonótico, a micobacteriose deve ser considerada mesmo em peixes saudáveis para consumo humano.

Immunohistochemical detection of viral etiopathogenesis in lambs and goat kids with neonatal diarrhea

Background: Neonatal enteritis is an important disease that causes deaths of animals before 3 weeks of age, and results in significant economic losses. Viral agents can predispose the young animals to secondary infections in the gastrointestinal tract, especially in lambs and goat kids younger than 21 days. Although the neonatal diarrhea is common in calves, there is still little knowledge about pathology, pathogenesis and immunohistochemical localization of viral agents that cause neonatal enteritis in lambs and goat kids. In this study, we carried out investigations with the aim of detecting adenovirus, rotavirus, coronavirus and herpes virus in the guts of goat kids and lambs with viral enteritis.Materials, Methods & Results: Adenovirus, rotavirus, coronavirus and herpes virus antisera were applied to paraffinembedded intestinal tissue from neonatal lambs and kids that had died from enteritis. In addition, viral agents in the gut cells were detected and evaluated by electron microscopy. The study material consisted of 15 lambs and 15 goat kids that were presented for diagnosis. Viral agents were detected by immunohistochemically in 20 out of 30 animals. Rotavirus was diagnosed in 10 animals, adenovirus in five, herpes virus in three and coronavirus in two animals; and these results were supported by the electron microscopy. This study showed that viral agents play an important role in neonatal enteritis in lambs and kids.Discussion: Bacteria, viruses and protozoa may have a role in the etiology of neonatal enteritis and identifying the etiological agents is not always possible without laboratory studies. In addition, the immune system of the animal and environmental factors are important factors for to occurrence of the disease.[...]

Immunohistochemical detection of viral etiopathogenesis in lambs and goat kids with neonatal diarrhea

Background: Neonatal enteritis is an important disease that causes deaths of animals before 3 weeks of age, and results in significant economic losses. Viral agents can predispose the young animals to secondary infections in the gastrointestinal tract, especially in lambs and goat kids younger than 21 days. Although the neonatal diarrhea is common in calves, there is still little knowledge about pathology, pathogenesis and immunohistochemical localization of viral agents that cause neonatal enteritis in lambs and goat kids. In this study, we carried out investigations with the aim of detecting adenovirus, rotavirus, coronavirus and herpes virus in the guts of goat kids and lambs with viral enteritis.Materials, Methods & Results: Adenovirus, rotavirus, coronavirus and herpes virus antisera were applied to paraffinembedded intestinal tissue from neonatal lambs and kids that had died from enteritis. In addition, viral agents in the gut cells were detected and evaluated by electron microscopy. The study material consisted of 15 lambs and 15 goat kids that were presented for diagnosis. Viral agents were detected by immunohistochemically in 20 out of 30 animals. Rotavirus was diagnosed in 10 animals, adenovirus in five, herpes virus in three and coronavirus in two animals; and these results were supported by the electron microscopy. This study showed that viral agents play an important role in neonatal enteritis in lambs and kids.Discussion: Bacteria, viruses and protozoa may have a role in the etiology of neonatal enteritis and identifying the etiological agents is not always possible without laboratory studies. In addition, the immune system of the animal and environmental factors are important factors for to occurrence of the disease.[...](AU)

Necrolytic migratory erythema in a cat with glucagonoma syndrome

Background: Glucagonomas are very rare neuroendocrine tumors of pancreatic endocrine islets alpha cells and they produced excessive amount of glucagon hormone. Necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) is a rare dermatosis that characterized by erosive, ulcerative and crusted lesions in different sites of the skin and the common cause of this situation related to glucagon secreted tumors. NME can occur commonly in man but some rare and recent reports available the occurrence of this situation in pet animals especially dogs. Both gross and histological findings in both human and animals are similar. This paper reports a NME case with glucagonoma and diabetes mellitus (DM) by clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Case: A 12-year-old, cat presented with complaints of skin lesions in neck region, hyperglycemia, weight loss and history of anorexia during the 2 months. Biochemical analysis results revealed high glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and creatinine levels but decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total protein and potassium levels. After 2 weeks of anti-diabetic drug treatment, the blood glucose level became normal and skin lesions ameliorated but anorexia and weight loss continued. The cat exhibited general weakness and pain in abdominal area. Although the clinical sings ameliorated and skin lesions and serum biochemical findings returned the relatively normal levels compared the admission, the cat died after 2 weeks of treatment and necropsy performed. At necropsy, marked cachexia, loss of skin elasticity and decreased skin thickness were observed. During the examination of abdominal cavity of the cat, there was a mass 0.5x0.5 cm in diameter, hard and grayish color was diagnosed at the pancreas...

Necrolytic migratory erythema in a cat with glucagonoma syndrome

Background: Glucagonomas are very rare neuroendocrine tumors of pancreatic endocrine islets alpha cells and they produced excessive amount of glucagon hormone. Necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) is a rare dermatosis that characterized by erosive, ulcerative and crusted lesions in different sites of the skin and the common cause of this situation related to glucagon secreted tumors. NME can occur commonly in man but some rare and recent reports available the occurrence of this situation in pet animals especially dogs. Both gross and histological findings in both human and animals are similar. This paper reports a NME case with glucagonoma and diabetes mellitus (DM) by clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Case: A 12-year-old, cat presented with complaints of skin lesions in neck region, hyperglycemia, weight loss and history of anorexia during the 2 months. Biochemical analysis results revealed high glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and creatinine levels but decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total protein and potassium levels. After 2 weeks of anti-diabetic drug treatment, the blood glucose level became normal and skin lesions ameliorated but anorexia and weight loss continued. The cat exhibited general weakness and pain in abdominal area. Although the clinical sings ameliorated and skin lesions and serum biochemical findings returned the relatively normal levels compared the admission, the cat died after 2 weeks of treatment and necropsy performed. At necropsy, marked cachexia, loss of skin elasticity and decreased skin thickness were observed. During the examination of abdominal cavity of the cat, there was a mass 0.5x0.5 cm in diameter, hard and grayish color was diagnosed at the pancreas...(AU)

Malignant metastatic insulinoma in a dog

Background: Insulinomas are tumors of the pancreatic islet beta cells that secreting insulin. They are malignant neoplasms and rarely seen in dogs. Because insulinomas secrete excessive insulin and hypoglycemia occur. The most common clinical symptoms are seizures, extreme weakness, and other neurological abnormalities. The tumors typically release insulin episodically, with clinical signs being seen intermittently as a result. These are most often associated with prolonged starvation or prolonged periods of exertion. Insulinoma occurs most often in middle-aged and older dogs, averaging nine years in age. They affect both sexes and are more likely in larger breeds. The most commonly afflicted breeds are German Shepherds, Irish Setters, Boxers, Golden Retrievers and Terriers. Case: In this study, a case of malignant insulinoma with multiorgan metastasis in a 7-year-old hunting dog that brought to the clinic with complaints of constipation and inappetence were evaluated by clinical, cytological, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. Owner stated that the animal suffers from constipation for 4 days, but no vomitus or nervous symptoms were present. Clinical efforts not solved the constipation. For to the definitive diagnosis the dog decided to underwent laparotomy. After a midline abdominal approach multiple whitish, hard and irregular metastatic tumoral masses were[...]

Malignant metastatic insulinoma in a dog

Background: Insulinomas are tumors of the pancreatic islet beta cells that secreting insulin. They are malignant neoplasms and rarely seen in dogs. Because insulinomas secrete excessive insulin and hypoglycemia occur. The most common clinical symptoms are seizures, extreme weakness, and other neurological abnormalities. The tumors typically release insulin episodically, with clinical signs being seen intermittently as a result. These are most often associated with prolonged starvation or prolonged periods of exertion. Insulinoma occurs most often in middle-aged and older dogs, averaging nine years in age. They affect both sexes and are more likely in larger breeds. The most commonly afflicted breeds are German Shepherds, Irish Setters, Boxers, Golden Retrievers and Terriers. Case: In this study, a case of malignant insulinoma with multiorgan metastasis in a 7-year-old hunting dog that brought to the clinic with complaints of constipation and inappetence were evaluated by clinical, cytological, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. Owner stated that the animal suffers from constipation for 4 days, but no vomitus or nervous symptoms were present. Clinical efforts not solved the constipation. For to the definitive diagnosis the dog decided to underwent laparotomy. After a midline abdominal approach multiple whitish, hard and irregular metastatic tumoral masses were[...](AU)