Resumo
Objetivou-se com esse trabalho investigar a ocorrênciaa de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii em marsupiais e roedores selvagens capturados em 14 áreas florestais distribuídas em quatro municípios da região Sul do Estado da Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil. Sendo 11 áreas de Mata Atlântica distribuídas entre os municípios de Una, Belmonte e Mascote e três áreas de agroflorestas de cacau (cabruca) localizadas na zona rural de Ilhéus. Para isso, foram capturados 242 animais, sendo 172 roedores e 70 marsupiais, de espécies variadas, utilizando armadilhas de captura viva. Posteriormente, os animais foram eutanasiados e amostras de sangue e tecidos foram coletadas. Os soros sanguíneos foram testados pelo Teste de Aglutinação Modificada (MAT) utilizando taquizoítos inativados na formalina e 2-mercaptoetanol, com ponto de corte na diluição de 1:25. A ocorrência total de anticorpos anti-T. gondii encontrada foi de 7,81% (19/242). Em roedores esse valor foi de 4,65% (8/172) e em marsupiais 15,71% (11/70). Entre os roedores, quatro espécies foram soropositivas: 25% (1/4) de Cerradomys subflavus, 1,92% (2/104) de Hylaeamys laticeps, 20% (2/10) de Oligoryzomys nigripes e 37,5% (3/8) de Thaptomys nigrita. Em relação as espécies de marsupiais, 100% (1/1) de Gracilinanus microtarsus, 60% de (3/5) Gracilinanus agilis, 10,5% (4/38) de Marmosa murina, 20% (1/5) de Marmosops incanus e 28,5% (2/7) de Monodelphis americana foram positivas. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis sexo, idade e local de captura. Os resultados indicam a presença de Toxoplasma gondii no meio silvestre, tendo os marsupiais e roedores papel no ciclo epidemiológico da toxoplasmose.
The objective of this work was to investigate the frequency of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in marsupials and wild rodents, captured in 14 forest areas distributed in four municipalities in the southern region of the State of Bahia, Northeast Brazil, namely 11 areas of Atlantic Forest distributed among the municipalities of Una, Belmonte and Mascote, and three areas of cocoa agroforestry (cabruca) located in the rural area of Ilhéus. For this purpose, 242 animals were captured, being 172 rodents and 70 marsupials, of varied species, using live catch traps. Subsequently, the animals were euthanized and blood and tissue samples were collected. Blood sera were tested by the Modified Agglutination Test (MAT) by using formalin inactivated tachyzoites and 2-mercaptoethanol, with a cut-off point at 1:25 dilution. The total occurrence of T. gondii antibodies was found to be 7.81% (19/242). In rodents, this value was 4.65% (8/172), in marsupials 15.71% (11/70). Among the rodents, four species were seropositive: 25% (1/4) of Cerradomys subflavus, 1.92% (2/104) of Hylaeamys laticeps, 20% (2/10) of Oligoryzomys nigripes and 37.5% (3/8) of Thaptomys nigrita. In relation to marsupial species, 100% (1/1) of Gracilinanus microtarsus, 60% of (3/5) Gracilinanus agilis, 10.5% (4/38) of Marmosa murina, 20% (1/5) of Marmosops incanus and 28.5% (2/7) of Monodelphis americana, were positives. There was no statistically significant difference between the variables sex, age and place of capture. The results indicate the presence of Toxoplasma gondii in the wild, with marsupials and rodents having a role in the epidemiological cycle of toxoplasmosis.