Vigor and mortality of citrus progenies with potential use as rootstocks / 10.1590/1678-992x-2016-0455

Rootstocks influence certain characteristics of the scion, such as vigor, fruit yield and quality, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors. In conventional citrus breeding programs, hybridization is the main method used for obtaining rootstock varieties. Between Sept and Oct 2006, controlled pollinations were carried out resulting in nine progenies, totaling 461 hybrid seedlings. The female parents were the ‘Santa Cruz Rangpur’ lime (SCRL) and the ‘Sunki of Florida’ mandarin (SFM), while the male parents, in addition to this mandarin, were the ‘Indio’ and ‘Riverside’ citrandarins, the ‘Thomasville’ citrangequat (THOM), the ‘Swingle’ citrumelo, the ‘Argentina’ citrange (AGC) and the ‘Benecke’ trifoliate orange (BKTO). Fruit setting rates of these crosses were measured and the hybrids generated were planted in the field in 2008 and evaluated from 2010 to 2014, for the variables of plant mortality, visual vigor, plant height and trunk diameter. The descriptive statistics mean, variation range, coefficient of variation and Pearson skewness coefficient were calculated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of the treatments were grouped by the Scott-Knott test, both at 5 % significance. The progenies, having the ‘Sunki’ mandarin as the female parent, presented higher fruit setting rates and lower plant mortality rates than those obtained from the female parent ‘Rangpur’ lime, while zero plant mortality was observed in the SFM × BKTO cross. The crosses SCRL × SFM, SFM × BKTO, SFM × AGC and SFM × THOM have the potential to generate vigorous hybrids, resulting in rootstock varieties adapted to the landscape unit of Coastal Tableland.

Vigor and mortality of citrus progenies with potential use as rootstocks / 10.1590/1678-992x-2016-0455

Rootstocks influence certain characteristics of the scion, such as vigor, fruit yield and quality, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors. In conventional citrus breeding programs, hybridization is the main method used for obtaining rootstock varieties. Between Sept and Oct 2006, controlled pollinations were carried out resulting in nine progenies, totaling 461 hybrid seedlings. The female parents were the ‘Santa Cruz Rangpur lime (SCRL) and the ‘Sunki of Florida mandarin (SFM), while the male parents, in addition to this mandarin, were the ‘Indio and ‘Riverside citrandarins, the ‘Thomasville citrangequat (THOM), the ‘Swingle citrumelo, the ‘Argentina citrange (AGC) and the ‘Benecke trifoliate orange (BKTO). Fruit setting rates of these crosses were measured and the hybrids generated were planted in the field in 2008 and evaluated from 2010 to 2014, for the variables of plant mortality, visual vigor, plant height and trunk diameter. The descriptive statistics mean, variation range, coefficient of variation and Pearson skewness coefficient were calculated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of the treatments were grouped by the Scott-Knott test, both at 5 % significance. The progenies, having the ‘Sunki mandarin as the female parent, presented higher fruit setting rates and lower plant mortality rates than those obtained from the female parent ‘Rangpur lime, while zero plant mortality was observed in the SFM × BKTO cross. The crosses SCRL × SFM, SFM × BKTO, SFM × AGC and SFM × THOM have the potential to generate vigorous hybrids, resulting in rootstock varieties adapted to the landscape unit of Coastal Tableland.(AU)

Initial horticultural performance of nine Persian lime selections grafted onto Swingle citrumelo

Persian lime (PL) [Citrus latifolia (Yu. Tanaka) Tanaka] is an important species both for domestic fresh fruit consumption in Brazil as well as the export market, since the country is one of the largest producers in the world despite the fact that, in commercial plantations, it is still not uncommon to find trees with low productivity and high plant vigor of unknown origin. Selections of Persian lime CNPMF2000, CNPMF2001, CNPMF01, CNPMF02, IAC5, IAC5.1, Bearss, Persian58, and 5059, were therefore grafted onto Swingle citrumelo [C. paradisi Macfad. cv. Duncan × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] rootstocks and evaluated in Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil in a field experiment conducted in a completely randomized block design with five replications and two trees per plot. The biometric attributes (canopy height, diameter and volume), yield parameters (yield during the off-season harvest period, yield per plant, production efficiency), and fruit quality traits, were evaluated. The CNPMF2001, CNPMF01, CNPMF02, IAC5, and Bearss selections had 5-11 % shorter trees than the other cultivars. CNPMF01, CNPMF02, Persian58, and 5059 presented higher yield efficiency values, between 3.1-3.4 kg m3, and higher yield levels during the off-season harvest periods. The Bearss, Persian58, CNPMF2000, IAC5.1 and 5059 selections had more acid fruits and the latter three, smaller fruits. Based on their horticultural performance up to eight years of age, CNPMF01, CNPMF02, Persian58 and 5059 selections were the most promising varieties of Persian lime.

Initial horticultural performance of nine Persian lime selections grafted onto Swingle citrumelo

Persian lime (PL) [Citrus latifolia (Yu. Tanaka) Tanaka] is an important species both for domestic fresh fruit consumption in Brazil as well as the export market, since the country is one of the largest producers in the world despite the fact that, in commercial plantations, it is still not uncommon to find trees with low productivity and high plant vigor of unknown origin. Selections of Persian lime CNPMF2000, CNPMF2001, CNPMF01, CNPMF02, IAC5, IAC5.1, Bearss, Persian58, and 5059, were therefore grafted onto Swingle citrumelo [C. paradisi Macfad. cv. Duncan × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] rootstocks and evaluated in Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil in a field experiment conducted in a completely randomized block design with five replications and two trees per plot. The biometric attributes (canopy height, diameter and volume), yield parameters (yield during the off-season harvest period, yield per plant, production efficiency), and fruit quality traits, were evaluated. The CNPMF2001, CNPMF01, CNPMF02, IAC5, and Bearss selections had 5-11 % shorter trees than the other cultivars. CNPMF01, CNPMF02, Persian58, and 5059 presented higher yield efficiency values, between 3.1-3.4 kg m3, and higher yield levels during the off-season harvest periods. The Bearss, Persian58, CNPMF2000, IAC5.1 and 5059 selections had more acid fruits and the latter three, smaller fruits. Based on their horticultural performance up to eight years of age, CNPMF01, CNPMF02, Persian58 and 5059 selections were the most promising varieties of Persian lime.(AU)