Squamous cell carcinoma in the third eyelid of a dog

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm that originates from the keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and predominantly affect light-skinned animals. In dogs, breeds such as American Staffordshire Terriers, white or speckled Bull Terriers, and Beagles have a higher predisposition. Squamous cell carcinoma presents in the skin, at slightly pigmented or hairy sites, especially in digits, but also may occur in the nasal planum, oral mucosa, and rarely, in the eye. Considering that few reports have been published on eye neoplasms, the aim of this paper is to describe a dog with a lesion in the third eyelid of his right eye which was diagnosticated with squamous cell carcinoma. Case: A 10-year-old male American Staffordshire dog was admitted to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics College, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil with injury to the right eye. During the physical examination, there was also a non-adhered lump near the foreskin, measuring 1.5 cm in diameter. In addition, there was another lump in the third eyelid of the right eye, approximately 3 mm in diameter. Cytology of the dermal nodule was performed by fine-needle aspiration cytology; however, the sample was insufficient for cytological evaluation. Therefore, the animal was placed under general anesthesia for skin lump excision and for fine-needle aspiration cytology of the third eyelid nodule. The histopathological exam revealed high cellularity of epithelial cells, intense anisocytosis and pleomorphism, cytoplasmic basophilia and vacuolation, multiple evident nucleoli, and anisocariosis and coarse chromatin. These finds were compatible with squamous cell carcinoma, which was the same result suggested by fine-needle aspiration cytology of the third...

Carcinoma de células escamosas vaginal em uma vaca Nelore / Vaginal squamous cell carcinoma in a Nelore cow

Background: Skin tumors are the most common neoplasia in veterinary medicine and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)is the most frequent. In cattle, it is the main tumor besides linfosarcoma and normally affects taurine cattle, but is rarein Nelore cattle. SCC mainly affects mucocutaneous junctions such as the eyelids, sclera, vulva, and perineum, and hasalready been described in vagina, eye, and periocular tissues, in addition to the superior digestive tract. The purpose ofthis paper is to describe a vaginal squamous cell carcinoma in a Nelore cow.Case: A 10-year-old Nelore cow, used as an embryo donor, was submitted to a necropsy procedure. Clinically, the animalhad prolonged recumbency, anorexia, weight loss, and vaginal discharge. There was a history of recurrent vaginal prolapses and an intraluminal vaginal mass that had grown over two years. At necropsy, there was diffuse fibrinous peritonitiswith marked intestinal adhesions; the vagina was markedly expanded and measured 40 × 20 cm due to the presence of anintraluminal mass occupying the vestibulum and extending up to the cervix. In the vaginal lumen, there was large amountof fibrinonecrotizing malodorous material; the vaginal wall was thickened by an unencapsulated and poorly delimited,firm and white mass composed of sheets and nests of epithelial cells from the squamous layer surrounded by abundantfibrovascular stroma. The neoplastic cells were polygonal with marked pleomorphism, anisokaryosis, and anisocytosis;abundant eosinophilic and well-defined cytoplasmic borders. Sometimes it was possible to see desmosomes. The nucleiwere rounded to oval with sparse chromatin and one or more nucleoli were seen. Mitotic figures were frequent (at least3 per higher power field) and there were also a few multinucleated cells. Frequently, there was the formation of distinctkeratin “pearls”.Discussion: SCC frequently occurs in the skin...

Carcinoma de células escamosas vaginal em uma vaca Nelore / Vaginal squamous cell carcinoma in a Nelore cow

Background: Skin tumors are the most common neoplasia in veterinary medicine and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)is the most frequent. In cattle, it is the main tumor besides linfosarcoma and normally affects taurine cattle, but is rarein Nelore cattle. SCC mainly affects mucocutaneous junctions such as the eyelids, sclera, vulva, and perineum, and hasalready been described in vagina, eye, and periocular tissues, in addition to the superior digestive tract. The purpose ofthis paper is to describe a vaginal squamous cell carcinoma in a Nelore cow.Case: A 10-year-old Nelore cow, used as an embryo donor, was submitted to a necropsy procedure. Clinically, the animalhad prolonged recumbency, anorexia, weight loss, and vaginal discharge. There was a history of recurrent vaginal prolapses and an intraluminal vaginal mass that had grown over two years. At necropsy, there was diffuse fibrinous peritonitiswith marked intestinal adhesions; the vagina was markedly expanded and measured 40 × 20 cm due to the presence of anintraluminal mass occupying the vestibulum and extending up to the cervix. In the vaginal lumen, there was large amountof fibrinonecrotizing malodorous material; the vaginal wall was thickened by an unencapsulated and poorly delimited,firm and white mass composed of sheets and nests of epithelial cells from the squamous layer surrounded by abundantfibrovascular stroma. The neoplastic cells were polygonal with marked pleomorphism, anisokaryosis, and anisocytosis;abundant eosinophilic and well-defined cytoplasmic borders. Sometimes it was possible to see desmosomes. The nucleiwere rounded to oval with sparse chromatin and one or more nucleoli were seen. Mitotic figures were frequent (at least3 per higher power field) and there were also a few multinucleated cells. Frequently, there was the formation of distinctkeratin “pearls”.Discussion: SCC frequently occurs in the skin...(AU)

Photosensitization in cattle caused by spontaneous and experimentally ingestion of Stryphnodendron fissuratum

Background: Stryphnodendron fissuratum is a tree from the Brazilian Cerrado. Its fruit is toxic to cattle and can cause clinical digestive signs, hepatogenous photosensitization, and abortion. Cases of poisoning in cattle, goats and guinea pigs have been experimentally reproduced; however, photosensitization could not be reproduced. The aim of this work was to describe an outbreak of natural poisoning and experimental reproduction in cattle, both with hepatogenous photosensitization.Materials, Methods & Results: Its described and natural outbreak and an experimental poisoning. In the outbreak, three bovines in the acute phase and three in the chronic phase were examined. Blood samples were collected from all of these animals in order to measure serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), urea, and creatinine. The first three animals underwent necropsy and histopathological evaluation. The experiment was conducted with two nine-month-old calves that received an oral paste made with crushed S. fissuratum fruits mixed with water. These fruits were collected at a farm at which cattle poisoning cases had occurred. Blood samples were collected in order to measure serum levels of AST, GGT, urea, and creatinine, before plant administration and then daily during the experimental period. Skin biopsies were taken before plant administration and new one after the first signs of skin lesions. The natural outbreak affected 52 of 160 bovine (31 calves and 21 cows) in the lot. Two calves and 14 cows died. Clinical signs consisted of depression, ataxia, incoordination, behavioral changes, decubitus, and death. One animal that died and 36 others that recovered had photodermatitis. Necropsy findings in the animals consisted of bad corporal condition, pale kidneys, evidence of liver lobular pattern, dry rumen contents, and full bladder.[...]

Photosensitization in cattle caused by spontaneous and experimentally ingestion of Stryphnodendron fissuratum

Background: Stryphnodendron fissuratum is a tree from the Brazilian Cerrado. Its fruit is toxic to cattle and can cause clinical digestive signs, hepatogenous photosensitization, and abortion. Cases of poisoning in cattle, goats and guinea pigs have been experimentally reproduced; however, photosensitization could not be reproduced. The aim of this work was to describe an outbreak of natural poisoning and experimental reproduction in cattle, both with hepatogenous photosensitization.Materials, Methods & Results: Its described and natural outbreak and an experimental poisoning. In the outbreak, three bovines in the acute phase and three in the chronic phase were examined. Blood samples were collected from all of these animals in order to measure serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), urea, and creatinine. The first three animals underwent necropsy and histopathological evaluation. The experiment was conducted with two nine-month-old calves that received an oral paste made with crushed S. fissuratum fruits mixed with water. These fruits were collected at a farm at which cattle poisoning cases had occurred. Blood samples were collected in order to measure serum levels of AST, GGT, urea, and creatinine, before plant administration and then daily during the experimental period. Skin biopsies were taken before plant administration and new one after the first signs of skin lesions. The natural outbreak affected 52 of 160 bovine (31 calves and 21 cows) in the lot. Two calves and 14 cows died. Clinical signs consisted of depression, ataxia, incoordination, behavioral changes, decubitus, and death. One animal that died and 36 others that recovered had photodermatitis. Necropsy findings in the animals consisted of bad corporal condition, pale kidneys, evidence of liver lobular pattern, dry rumen contents, and full bladder.[...](AU)