Topical application of gentamicin or cephalothin in the healing of surgical wounds in dogs / Aplicação tópica de gentamicina ou cefalotina na cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em cães

The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of local administration of gentamicin or cephalothin on the healing of surgical wounds in dogs. Thirty healthy dogs were submitted to surgical castration. They were divided into 2 groups of 15 animals. After the surgical procedure, two 0.6 cm circular cutaneous wounds were made in the abdominal region. Group 1 received 0.1 ml of 0.9% saline in one wound and 0.1 ml of gentamicin (40 mg / ml) in the other wound; and group 2 received 0.1 ml of 0.9% saline and 0.1 ml of cephalothin (200 mg / ml); respectively. All wounds were sutured and assessed macroscopically 1, 3 and 10 days after the operation. On day 10, an incisional biopsy was performed for histopathological evaluation. All analyzes of macroscopic variables did not show significant differences between groups (P <0.05). There were no significant differences between groups for microscopic evaluation of collagenization, vascularization, edema and inflammatory cells (P <0.05). Thus, the topical use of the tested antibiotics does not influence skin healing in dogs.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da administração local de gentamicina ou cefalotina na cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em cães. Trinta cães saudáveis foram submetidos à cirurgia de castração. Eles foram divididos em 2 grupos de 15 animais. Após o procedimento cirúrgico, foram feitas duas feridas cutâneas circulares de 0,6 cm na região abdominal. O grupo 1 recebeu 0,1 ml de soro fisiológico 0,9% em uma ferida e 0,1 ml de gentamicina (40 mg/ml) na outra ferida; e o grupo 2 recebeu 0,1 ml de soro fisiológico 0,9% e 0,1 ml de cefalotina (200 mg/ml); respectivamente. Todas as feridas foram suturadas e avaliadas macroscopicamente 1, 3 e 10 dias após a operação. No dia 10, foi realizada biópsia incisional para avaliação histopatológica. Todas as análises das variáveis macroscópicas não mostraram diferenças significativas entre os grupos (P<0,05). Não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos para avaliação microscópica da colagenização, vascularização, edema e células inflamatórias (P<0,05). Assim, o uso tópico dos antibióticos testados não influencia na cicatrização da pele em cães.

Acute phase protein and vitamin D concentration in dogs with multicentric lymphoma / Concentração de proteínas de fase aguda e vitamina D em cães com linfoma multicêntrico

This study aimed to evaluate the serum concentration of vitamin D (25-Hydroxyvitamin D) and acute phase proteins (APPs; alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, haptoglobin, transferrin, ceruloplasmin, albumin, IgA, IgG and alpha-1 - antitrypsin) as potential biomarkers for prognostic and therapy response in dogs with multicentric lymphoma submitted to the CHOP (Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine and Prednisone) chemotherapy protocol. Thirteen dogs with multicentric lymphoma classified as high grade by cytology were included in the treatment group (GL), while ten healthy dogs were included in the control group (GC). Serum was collected in the weeks T0, T5 and T10 of CHOP chemotherapy protocol, for the GL group, and in a single collection, for the GC group. All the collected samples were evaluated for the APPs and vitamin D concentrations through electrophoresis and chemiluminescence methods, respectively. Diagnostic and staging tests were performed for all the dogs in the GL group, and included cytopathology, histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the affected lymph node. Of these dogs, 9 achieved a complete response and 4 a partial response to the treatment. Data analysis was performed with the R software. The results demonstrated that serum concentrations of IgA, haptoglobin and α1-acid glycoprotein were significantly different between the groups and also between the different chemotherapy times analyzed (p<0.05), indicating that these proteins can be considered as sensitive biomarkers for lymphoma in dogs. Furthermore, the α1-acid glycoprotein showed prognostic value for the disease, with 63% specificity. However, vitamin D concentration was not correlated with prognosis of the dogs with lymphoma.

Objetivou-se caracterizar a concentração sérica da vitamina D e das PFAs (Proteínas de Fase Aguda) (alfa-1 glicoproteína ácida, haptoglobina, transferrina, ceruloplasmina, albumina, IgA, IgG e alfa-1 ­ antitripsina) em cães com linfoma multicêntrico, submetidos ao tratamento quimioterápico com protocolo CHOP (Ciclofosfamida, Doxorrubicina, Vincristina e Prednisona), determinando o valor prognóstico desses marcadores para a doença. Foram avaliadas as concentrações séricas das PFAs, através do método da eletroforese e as concentrações da vitamina D, através da quimioluminescência em dois grupos experimentais, um grupo de 13 cães com linfoma multicêntrico classificados como alto grau pela citologia (GL) durante as semanas T0, T5 e T10 do tratamento com protocolo quimioterápico antineoplásico e em um grupo de 10 animais saudáveis para compor o grupo controle (GC), em coleta única. Para isso, foi realizado o diagnóstico, estadiamento e avaliação de resposta terapêutica dos 13 pacientes com linfoma multicêntrico através de técnicas de citopatologia, histopatologia, imuno-histoquímica do linfonodo periférico acometido. Foi observado que 9 pacientes tiveram resposta completa e 4 pacientes tiveram resposta parcial ao tratamento. Os dados foram analisados através do software R. Os resultados indicam que as diferenças entre as variáveis IgA, haptoglobina e α1-glicoproteína ácida foram significativas entre os grupos, e entre os diferentes momentos da quimioterapia (p< 0,05), indicando que podem ser marcadores sensíveis ao linfoma em cães. A α1-glicoproteína ácida apresentou valor prognóstico para o linfoma, com 63% de especificidade. Porém a vitamina D não apresentou valor prognóstico para o linfoma multicêntrico em cães.

Closure of defects in a geometric figure pattern associated with tumescent anesthesia with lidocaine in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) / Fechamento de defeitos em padrão de figura geométrica associado ao emprego de anestesia por tumescência com lidocaína em coelhos (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

The use of tumescent anesthesia with lidocaine can provide better intra- and postoperative analgesia that would benefit extensive reconstructive surgery. However, lidocaine can interfere with the healing process. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the local interference of the healing of induced and closed skin defects in a geometric pattern associated with the use of tumescent anesthesia with lidocaine in rabbits. Furthermore, we assessed its influence on cardiorespiratory parameters and postoperative analgesia. This study included 27 rabbits divided into three groups: GC (without the use of tumescence), GS (use of tumescence with 0.9% NaCl solution), and GL (use of tumescent anesthesia with lidocaine). There was no statistically significant intergroup difference in any stage of the wound healing process on macroscopic evaluations, in the angiogenesis process, or in the process of collagenization and fibroblast deposition. There were significant differences in heart rate (lower in GL), respiratory rate (higher in GC), mean arterial pressure (higher in GL), and expired concentration of isoflurane (lower in GL). There was no significant intergroup difference in the von Frey filament test or the visual analog scale score used to evaluate postoperative analgesia. We concluded that tumescent anesthesia with lidocaine does not impair postoperative tissue repair. Its use features benefits such as reducing the volume of inhaled anesthetic, maintaining the anesthesia plan, stable heart and respiratory rates, and lower hypotension during the surgical procedure.

O uso da anestesia por tumescência com lidocaína pode proporcionar melhor analgesia transoperatória e pós-operatória, o que seria um benefício em cirurgias reconstrutivas extensas. Entretanto, a lidocaína pode interferir na cicatrização. Diante disso, delineou-se um estudo a fim de avaliar a interferência local da cicatrização de defeitos cutâneos induzidos e fechados em padrão de figura geométrica, associado ao emprego de anestesia por tumescência com lidocaína em coelhos. Ademais, avaliar sua influência em parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e na analgesia pós-operatória. Foi realizado um estudo com 27 coelhos, separados em três grupos, compreendidos em GC (sem o emprego de tumescência), GS (emprego de tumescência com solução NaCl 0.9%) e GL (emprego de anestesia por tumescência com lidocaína). Não houve diferença estatística em nenhuma etapa do processo cicatricial da ferida entre os grupos, tampouco nas avaliações macroscópicas, e no processo de angiogênese, ou ainda no processo de colagenização e deposição de fibroblastos. Houve diferença significativa na frequência cardíaca (menor no GL) e na respiratória (maior no GC), na pressão arterial média (maior no GL) e na concentração expirada de isoflurano (menor no GL). Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos no teste de filamentos de von Frey e na Escala Visual Analógica, utilizados para avaliar a analgesia pós-operatória. Conclui-se que anestesia por tumescência com lidocaína não prejudica a regeneração tecidual após a cirurgia. O seu uso oferece benefícios como a diminuição do volume de anestésico inalatório, manutenção do plano anestésico, estabilidade das frequências cardíaca e respiratória, além de menor hipotensão durante o procedimento cirúrgico.

Avaliação por câmera termográfica de implante de co-poliamida associado a elastômero termoplástico em traqueia de coelho / Evaluation of co-polyamide implant comprising a thermoplastic elastomer in rabbit trachea using thermographic camera / Evaluación con cámara termográfica de un implante de copoliamida asociado a un elastómero termoplástico en la tráquea de un conejo

La termografía es eficaz para detectar la temperatura de la superficie corporal y puede utilizarse como método auxiliar para diagnosticar procesos inflamatorios y para evaluar patrones de cicatrización, lo que permite su amplio uso en Medicina Veterinaria. El procedimiento ha ganado protagonismo por ser una técnica no invasiva, indolora, de bajo costo y segura, ya que elimina la necesidad del uso de contrastes, sedación y radiación. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la eficacia del uso de la termografía en la evaluación de la biocompatibilidad en la reparación del tejido traqueal, así como identificar procesos inflamatorios tras la implantación de la prótesis impresa en nailon con impresión 3D asociada al elastómero termoplástico - PCTPE. Se dividieron quince conejos blancos de Nueva Zelanda (Oryctolagus cuniculus) machos en tres grupos de diferentes períodos de evaluación (siete, 15 y 30 días). Se implantaron prótesis tridimensionales tras la resección completa de tres anillos traqueales. La evaluación de las imágenes termográficas se realizó en el lugar de implantación de la prótesis traqueal justo antes del procedimiento quirúrgico e inmediatamente antes de la eutanasia. Hubo una diferencia significativa entre los grupos, ya los 30 días la temperatura mínima (p = 0,0357), media (p = 0,0135) y máxima (p = 0,0058) fue menor en comparación con los otros grupos...

Thermography is efficient for detecting body surface temperature and can be used as an auxiliary method for the diagnosis of inflammatory processes and in the evaluation of scarring patterns, which allows its wide use in Veterinary Medicine. The procedure has gained prominence, as it is a non-invasive, painless, low-cost and safe technique, since it does not require the use of contrasts, sedation and radiation. The objective of this article is to analyze the efficiency of the use of thermography in the evaluation of biocompatibility in tracheal tissue repair, as well as to identify inflammatory processes after implantation of the 3D printed impression prosthesis of nylon associated with the thermoplastic elastomer - PCTPE. Fifteen male New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were divided into three groups of different evaluation periods (seven, 15 and 30 days). Three-dimensional prostheses were implanted after complete resection of three tracheal rings. The evaluation of the thermographic images was performed at the place of implantation of the tracheal prosthesis just before the surgical procedure and immediately before euthanasia. There was a significant difference between the groups, and at 30 days the minimum (p = 0,0357), average (p = 0,0135) and maximum (p = 0,0058) temperature was lower when compared with the other groups...

A termografia é eficiente para detecção da temperatura da superfície corporal e pode ser utilizada como método auxiliar de diagnóstico de processos inflamatórios e na avaliação de padrões cicatriciais, o que permite sua ampla utilização na Medicina Veterinária. O procedimento tem ganhado destaque, pois trata-se de técnica não invasiva, indolor, de baixo custo e segura, pois dispensa a necessidade do uso de contrastes, sedação e radiação.  O objetivo desse artigo é analisar a eficiência do uso da termografia na avaliação da biocompatibilidade em reparação tecidual traqueal, bem como identificar processos inflamatórios após a implantação da prótese impressa em impressão 3D de náilon associado ao elastômero termoplástico- PCTPE. Quinze coelhos machos, da linhagem Nova Zelândia Branco (Oryctolagus cuniculus), foram distribuídos em três grupos de períodos de avaliação diferentes (sete, 15 e 30 dias). As próteses tridimensionais foram implantadas após ressecção completa de três anéis traqueais. A avaliação das imagens termográficas foi efetuada no local de implantação da prótese traqueal no momento anterior ao procedimento cirúrgico e imediatamente antes da eutanásia. Houve diferença significativa entre os grupos, sendo que aos 30 dias a temperatura mínima (p=0,0357), média (p=0,0135) e máxima (p=0,0058) foi menor quando comparado com os demais grupos...

Avaliação por câmera termográfica de implante de co-poliamida associado a elastômero termoplástico em traqueia de coelho / Evaluation of co-polyamide implant comprising a thermoplastic elastomer in rabbit trachea using thermographic camera / Evaluación con cámara termográfica de un implante de copoliamida asociado a un elastómero termoplástico en la tráquea de un conejo

La termografía es eficaz para detectar la temperatura de la superficie corporal y puede utilizarse como método auxiliar para diagnosticar procesos inflamatorios y para evaluar patrones de cicatrización, lo que permite su amplio uso en Medicina Veterinaria. El procedimiento ha ganado protagonismo por ser una técnica no invasiva, indolora, de bajo costo y segura, ya que elimina la necesidad del uso de contrastes, sedación y radiación. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la eficacia del uso de la termografía en la evaluación de la biocompatibilidad en la reparación del tejido traqueal, así como identificar procesos inflamatorios tras la implantación de la prótesis impresa en nailon con impresión 3D asociada al elastómero termoplástico - PCTPE. Se dividieron quince conejos blancos de Nueva Zelanda (Oryctolagus cuniculus) machos en tres grupos de diferentes períodos de evaluación (siete, 15 y 30 días). Se implantaron prótesis tridimensionales tras la resección completa de tres anillos traqueales. La evaluación de las imágenes termográficas se realizó en el lugar de implantación de la prótesis traqueal justo antes del procedimiento quirúrgico e inmediatamente antes de la eutanasia. Hubo una diferencia significativa entre los grupos, ya los 30 días la temperatura mínima (p = 0,0357), media (p = 0,0135) y máxima (p = 0,0058) fue menor en comparación con los otros grupos...(AU)

Thermography is efficient for detecting body surface temperature and can be used as an auxiliary method for the diagnosis of inflammatory processes and in the evaluation of scarring patterns, which allows its wide use in Veterinary Medicine. The procedure has gained prominence, as it is a non-invasive, painless, low-cost and safe technique, since it does not require the use of contrasts, sedation and radiation. The objective of this article is to analyze the efficiency of the use of thermography in the evaluation of biocompatibility in tracheal tissue repair, as well as to identify inflammatory processes after implantation of the 3D printed impression prosthesis of nylon associated with the thermoplastic elastomer - PCTPE. Fifteen male New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were divided into three groups of different evaluation periods (seven, 15 and 30 days). Three-dimensional prostheses were implanted after complete resection of three tracheal rings. The evaluation of the thermographic images was performed at the place of implantation of the tracheal prosthesis just before the surgical procedure and immediately before euthanasia. There was a significant difference between the groups, and at 30 days the minimum (p = 0,0357), average (p = 0,0135) and maximum (p = 0,0058) temperature was lower when compared with the other groups...(AU)

A termografia é eficiente para detecção da temperatura da superfície corporal e pode ser utilizada como método auxiliar de diagnóstico de processos inflamatórios e na avaliação de padrões cicatriciais, o que permite sua ampla utilização na Medicina Veterinária. O procedimento tem ganhado destaque, pois trata-se de técnica não invasiva, indolor, de baixo custo e segura, pois dispensa a necessidade do uso de contrastes, sedação e radiação.  O objetivo desse artigo é analisar a eficiência do uso da termografia na avaliação da biocompatibilidade em reparação tecidual traqueal, bem como identificar processos inflamatórios após a implantação da prótese impressa em impressão 3D de náilon associado ao elastômero termoplástico- PCTPE. Quinze coelhos machos, da linhagem Nova Zelândia Branco (Oryctolagus cuniculus), foram distribuídos em três grupos de períodos de avaliação diferentes (sete, 15 e 30 dias). As próteses tridimensionais foram implantadas após ressecção completa de três anéis traqueais. A avaliação das imagens termográficas foi efetuada no local de implantação da prótese traqueal no momento anterior ao procedimento cirúrgico e imediatamente antes da eutanásia. Houve diferença significativa entre os grupos, sendo que aos 30 dias a temperatura mínima (p=0,0357), média (p=0,0135) e máxima (p=0,0058) foi menor quando comparado com os demais grupos...(AU)

Skin graft associated with platelet-rich plasma in correcting extensive injuries resulting from the resection of skin cancer chemically induced in rats

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate whether using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the graft recipient bed after the resection of a neoplasia can influence its recurrence because this product stimulates angiogenesis, mitogenesis and chemotaxis. Methods: A study with 30 rats Wistar (Rattus norvegicus albinus), which were separated into group A (induction of carcinogenesis, PRP in the postoperative period) and group B (induction of carcinogenesis, absence of PRP in the postoperative period), with 15 animals in each. Carcinogenesis was induced on the skin of the animals' chest by the topical application of 0.5% dimethylbenzantracene (DMBA) diluted in acetone. After surgical resection of the induced neoplasia, PRP was used to stimulate angiogenesis before surgical wound synthesis. Data on the control and experimental groups and macroscopic and microscopic variables were evaluated using analysis of variance and the Tukey's test (5%). Results: It was possible to determine that the use of PRP is good in reconstructive surgeries, but it is contraindicated in patients during tumor resection, as it can cause changes in the surgical bed, in addition to stimulating recurrences and metastases. Conclusions: PRP may interact with tumour cells that were in the recipient site of the surgical wound during the resection of a neoplasia, and a local recurrence process can be triggered by applying this product.

Flap bipedicular no tratamento de lesão cutânea traumática em membro torácico de gato: relato de caso / Bipedicular flap in the treatment of traumatic skin injury in cat thoracic member: case report

O objetivo do presente estudo é relatar a construção de um retalho direto de bolsa bipediculada com fixação apendicular à região torácica para o tratamento de lesões extensas no membro torácico direito de um gato. Foi tratado no Hospital Veterinário Unicesumar Maringá - Paraná, um felino de 1 ano de idade, apresentando lesão no membro torácico, após história de briga com outro animal da mesma espécie. Ao exame físico, apresentava fístula e edema no membro torácico direito. O paciente foi anestesiado e foi realizado o desbridamento das áreas desvitalizadas. Como terapia inicial, a lesão foi tratada como ferida aberta, até a formação de tecido de granulação, para posterior correção do defeito empregando retalho bipediculado em bolsa direta, com fixação temporária do membro à parede torácica. Após duas semanas, o membro foi desimplantado e os pontos foram removidos 21 dias após a aplicação do retalho. O uso do retalho permitiu completa cicatrização da ferida, sem ocorrência de hematomas, necrose ou deiscência de sutura. Conclui-se que a utilização do retalho bipedicular é aplicável ao tratamento de feridas traumáticas em membro torácico de felinos.

The aim of the present study is to report the construction of a direct bipedicled pouch flap with appendicular fixation to the thoracic region for the treatment of extensive lesions in the right thoracic limb of a cat. He was treated on Hospital Veterinário Unicesumar Maringá - Paraná, a 1-year-old feline, presenting injury to the thoracic limb after a history of fighting with another animal of the same species. On physical examination, he presented fistula and edema in the right thoracic limb. The patient was anesthetized and debridement of the devitalized areas was performed. As an initial therapy, the lesion was treated as an open wound until granulation tissue was formed for subsequent correction of the defect using a direct pouch bipedicled flap, with temporary fixation of the limb to the chest wall. After two weeks, the limb was unimplanted and the stitches were removed 21 days after flap application. The use of the flap allowed complete wound healing without bruising, necrosis or suture dehiscence. It is concluded that the use of bipedicular flap is applicable to the treatment of traumatic wounds in feline thoracic limb.

Use of the angularis oris axial pattern buccal flap for the correction of facial defects in six dogs

Background: Reconstructive surgery is an important area of veterinary surgery because it allows the reconstruction of large cutaneous defects in areas where a primary approach is not possible. Axial patterns flaps are composed by one direct cutaneous artery and vein, leading to a better blood supply with a good survival outcome. The angularis oris axial pattern buccal flap was introduced for correction of facial defects, but its versatility is not really explored in the existing literature. This article reports the use and complications of the angularis oris axial pattern buccal flap in six dogs, to treat defects in mandibular, temporal or labial regions. Cases: Five mixed breed dogs and one Labrador, with age between 4 and 9-year-old were submitted for surgery and the angularis oris axial pattern buccal flap was used to close the different defects. Causes of defect included a lesion caused by myiasis in three of the dogs, and tumoral removal in the other three, where two were mast cell tumors and one a keratinizing basal cell carcinoma. The regions affected included rostral mandible with oral mucosa, intermandibular region, temporal region and upper lip. Before flap confection the tissue was cleaned, resected and prepared properly, according to each cause of lesion. The flap was made with two parallel incisions, which center was usually the labial commissure, with the dorsal limits at the ventral aspect of the zygomatic arch, and the ventral incision on the ventral aspect of the mandibular ramus. Caudal extension was based on the length needed for surgical closure, but stained between the vertical auditory canal or up to atlas wing. Suture size and pattern depend the region and patient size. Patients were observed closely for any complication in the surgical site. From the six dogs presented here, five got some complications in the surgical site, including: lymphedema (2), suture dehiscence (4) and hematoma (1); however...

Topical application of lidocaine or bupivacaine in the healing of surgical wounds in dogs

Purpose: To analyze the anesthetic drugs interference with wound healing when used in the surgical bed. Methods: Macro and microscopic aspects of healing of surgical wounds were evaluated after instillation of topical anesthetics without vasoconstrictor or saline solution 0.9% as control in the transsurgical period. Thirty dogs, males and females were divided into two experimental groups. In both groups, two circular punch lesions of 6 mm diameter were performed in the abdomen. In group 1, lidocaine was instilled in one of the lesions and saline solution in the contralateral lesion. In group 2 the procedure was repeated with the use of bupivacaine. The macroscopic assessment of the lesions was performed on the first, third and tenth postoperative day. The excisional biopsy was performed on the tenth day and the samples were submitted for histopathological examination. Results: The macroscopic analysis had a significant difference between groups. Microscopic analysis was not significant between groups. Conclusions: The topical application of lidocaine and bupivacaine in the surgical wound is feasible and it does not influence skin healing. The benefit of such a practice, which has been the subject of other studies, seems to outweigh the risks.(AU)

Use of the angularis oris axial pattern buccal flap for the correction of facial defects in six dogs

Background: Reconstructive surgery is an important area of veterinary surgery because it allows the reconstruction of large cutaneous defects in areas where a primary approach is not possible. Axial patterns flaps are composed by one direct cutaneous artery and vein, leading to a better blood supply with a good survival outcome. The angularis oris axial pattern buccal flap was introduced for correction of facial defects, but its versatility is not really explored in the existing literature. This article reports the use and complications of the angularis oris axial pattern buccal flap in six dogs, to treat defects in mandibular, temporal or labial regions. Cases: Five mixed breed dogs and one Labrador, with age between 4 and 9-year-old were submitted for surgery and the angularis oris axial pattern buccal flap was used to close the different defects. Causes of defect included a lesion caused by myiasis in three of the dogs, and tumoral removal in the other three, where two were mast cell tumors and one a keratinizing basal cell carcinoma. The regions affected included rostral mandible with oral mucosa, intermandibular region, temporal region and upper lip. Before flap confection the tissue was cleaned, resected and prepared properly, according to each cause of lesion. The flap was made with two parallel incisions, which center was usually the labial commissure, with the dorsal limits at the ventral aspect of the zygomatic arch, and the ventral incision on the ventral aspect of the mandibular ramus. Caudal extension was based on the length needed for surgical closure, but stained between the vertical auditory canal or up to atlas wing. Suture size and pattern depend the region and patient size. Patients were observed closely for any complication in the surgical site. From the six dogs presented here, five got some complications in the surgical site, including: lymphedema (2), suture dehiscence (4) and hematoma (1); however...(AU)

Use of thermography in skin grafts after the application of therapeutic ultrasound in Wistar rats

Purpose To analyze changes in the thermal pattern in the skin graft receptor bed, after the use of therapeutic ultrasound through the thermographic images. Methods Eighteen Rattus norvegicus albinus Wistar, separated into two groups: GST groups (without tumor and without treatment with ultrasound) and GT (with tumor and treatment with ultrasound). In the GT group, induction of carcinogenesis was performed by single intradermal application of 0.05 ml DMBA at 0.5%, diluted in acetone. Subsequently, a technique of reconstructive grafting surgery of the mesh type was performed in both groups and treatment with therapeutic ultrasound was performed in the GT group the alternate day protocol at 3, 6, 10 and 15 days after the procedure. The thermographic evaluation occurred on days 3, 6, 10 and 15 after the grafting. Results There was a significant difference between the statistical evaluation of the temperature of the control group when compared to the treated group, on the different evaluation days (p <0.0001). Conclusion The thermographic analysis of the images was effective in evaluating the healing process, being the use of thermography feasible to evaluate changes in the thermal standard in the surgical bed, besides the beneficial effects of the US.(AU)

The use of tubular subdermal and axial flaps in the correction of four cases of extensive lesions / Retalhos tubulares subdérmicos e axiais utilizados em quatro casos de correção de lesões extensa

The most common skin lesions in small animals result from trauma, burns, or surgical resection of large tumors. Given the high importance of reconstructive surgery associated with tumors in small animals, this study reports four cases of reconstructive surgery using subcutaneous and axial tubular flaps in animals with neoplastic lesions. Subdermal and axial tubular flaps are healthy alternatives for reconstructing wounds caused by large tumor resection in areas with poor tissue elasticity.(AU)

As lesões mais comuns na pele de animais de pequeno porte são causadas por trauma, queimaduras ou ressecção cirúrgica de grandes tumores, sendo as doenças oncológicas as principais causas para a utilização de técnicas de cirurgia reconstrutiva. Entretanto, os cirurgiões precisam ter um sólido domínio de técnicas de excisão e reconstrução, compreender a biologia do tumor e aplicar terapias adjuvantes ou alternativas, garantindo o sucesso da cirurgia. Dada a grande importância de cirurgias reconstrutivas associadas a tumores em animais de pequeno porte, este estudo teve como objetivo relatar quatro casos utilizando técnicas de cirurgia reconstrutiva por meio de retalhos tubulares subcutâneos, bem como retalhos tubulares axiais como opção de tratamento em pacientes com lesões neoplásicas. Sendo assim, o emprego de retalhos tubulares subcutâneos e de retalhos tubulares axiais, são boas alternativas para a reconstrução de feridas criadas pela ressecção de grandes tumores em áreas com baixa elasticidade do tecido.(AU)

Reconstructive surgical repair of a forth degree iatrogenic burn in a dog

Background: Burns are uncommon in small animal surgery routine and represents a real therapeutic challenge. Skin can be affect in different degrees of deepness as superficial, partial thickness, full thickness and full thickness affecting underlying tissues. Each degree has individual features. Progression through degrees can occur in the first 24 h or if treatment is inadequate. This paper aims to describe therapeutic approach and surgical technique to treat a huge dorsal iatrogenic thermal burn injury.Case: A 4-year-old female German Shepard was referred to veterinary hospital after 11 days of elective ovariosalpingohisterectomy. The patient presented a severe skin injury with crusts, eschars, purulent discharge and myiasis on dorsal cervical, thoracic and lumbar region. Beside severity of the wound, animal present good general status and normal vital signs. Complete blood count and biochemical analysis were within normal ranges. Histopathologic analysis of a wound tissue sample revealed the presence of coagulation necrosis and inflammatory response. The absence of traumatic events, histopathologic result and wound features increased suspicious of an iatrogenic burn injury from a poorly regulated thermal mattress used during surgical intervention. Rule of Nines was estimated as 25% of total body surface area. Systemic antibiotics and topical treatment with 0.05% [...]

Reconstructive surgical repair of a forth degree iatrogenic burn in a dog

Background: Burns are uncommon in small animal surgery routine and represents a real therapeutic challenge. Skin can be affect in different degrees of deepness as superficial, partial thickness, full thickness and full thickness affecting underlying tissues. Each degree has individual features. Progression through degrees can occur in the first 24 h or if treatment is inadequate. This paper aims to describe therapeutic approach and surgical technique to treat a huge dorsal iatrogenic thermal burn injury.Case: A 4-year-old female German Shepard was referred to veterinary hospital after 11 days of elective ovariosalpingohisterectomy. The patient presented a severe skin injury with crusts, eschars, purulent discharge and myiasis on dorsal cervical, thoracic and lumbar region. Beside severity of the wound, animal present good general status and normal vital signs. Complete blood count and biochemical analysis were within normal ranges. Histopathologic analysis of a wound tissue sample revealed the presence of coagulation necrosis and inflammatory response. The absence of traumatic events, histopathologic result and wound features increased suspicious of an iatrogenic burn injury from a poorly regulated thermal mattress used during surgical intervention. Rule of Nines was estimated as 25% of total body surface area. Systemic antibiotics and topical treatment with 0.05% [...](AU)

Intermuscular Lipoma in Dogs

Background: Lipoma is a benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue commonly found in subcutaneous tissues. However, eventually, lipomas may be located between the muscle fasciae being classified as intermuscular lipomas. Complete surgical resection of the tumor mass is indicated as a treatment of affected patients.This report describes five cases of intermuscular lipoma in dogs, due to the scarcity of data in the literature and lipoma relative importance in the clinical and surgical routine. Case: Five dogs were presented with a history of a large volume in the limbs with progressive growth, suggesting the presence of neoplasia. The first step was to conduct anamnesis, when the owner reported slow growth, absence of pain, limping and licking of site. No other change was observed upon physical examination. Complete blood count (CBC) as well as liver assessment (FA) and renal (creatinine) were performed in all patients, and the results showed no changes. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed and showed cells from adipose tissue, followed by histopathological examination of the lesions. Histopathological examination after incisional biopsy of the tumors showed malignancy-free tissue, composed of adipocytes without atypia, interspersed with fibrovascular stroma, confirming the lipoma diagnosis. Intermuscular lipomas were diagnosed in five dogs with a history of a [...]

Intermuscular Lipoma in Dogs

Background: Lipoma is a benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue commonly found in subcutaneous tissues. However, eventually, lipomas may be located between the muscle fasciae being classified as intermuscular lipomas. Complete surgical resection of the tumor mass is indicated as a treatment of affected patients.This report describes five cases of intermuscular lipoma in dogs, due to the scarcity of data in the literature and lipoma relative importance in the clinical and surgical routine. Case: Five dogs were presented with a history of a large volume in the limbs with progressive growth, suggesting the presence of neoplasia. The first step was to conduct anamnesis, when the owner reported slow growth, absence of pain, limping and licking of site. No other change was observed upon physical examination. Complete blood count (CBC) as well as liver assessment (FA) and renal (creatinine) were performed in all patients, and the results showed no changes. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed and showed cells from adipose tissue, followed by histopathological examination of the lesions. Histopathological examination after incisional biopsy of the tumors showed malignancy-free tissue, composed of adipocytes without atypia, interspersed with fibrovascular stroma, confirming the lipoma diagnosis. Intermuscular lipomas were diagnosed in five dogs with a history of a [...](AU)

Right laparoscopic adrenalectomy in a bitch

Background: The medical procedure of Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is common in human medicine; however, this is not true in veterinary medicine, where it isperformed rarely. The current treatment of choice for adrenal neoplasms is total adrenalectomy, unless there is a pre-operativediagnosis of metastasis that precludes surgery. The laparoscopic approach option becomes an interesting alternative because, through this technique,it has shown good results. In this report, we demonstrate the experience of a case in which we performed unilateral laparoscopic right adrenalectomy, without caudal vena cava invasion, in a dogsuffering from hyperadrenocorticism caused by adrenocortical carcinoma. Case: A 9-year-old beagle bitch, 12 kg in weight, showedpolyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria, pendular abdomen, thin and dark skin, lumbar alopecic areas and lethargy. The team carried out Complete Blood Count (CBC), blood chemistry (liver and renal functions) and urine sampling by cystocentesis for urinalysis and bacterial culture. All exams had normal results, except for ALP, which reached levels higher than 150 UIL-1. On abdominal radiographic examination, we noted mild adrenal enlargement, and by ultrasonography, it was possible to identify adrenal asymmetry and right adrenal enlargement (2.8x2x2.15 cm) in relation to the left gland (2x1x1.5 cm). As a treatment for adrenal neoplasm-dependent HAC [...]

Right laparoscopic adrenalectomy in a bitch

Background: The medical procedure of Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is common in human medicine; however, this is not true in veterinary medicine, where it isperformed rarely. The current treatment of choice for adrenal neoplasms is total adrenalectomy, unless there is a pre-operativediagnosis of metastasis that precludes surgery. The laparoscopic approach option becomes an interesting alternative because, through this technique,it has shown good results. In this report, we demonstrate the experience of a case in which we performed unilateral laparoscopic right adrenalectomy, without caudal vena cava invasion, in a dogsuffering from hyperadrenocorticism caused by adrenocortical carcinoma. Case: A 9-year-old beagle bitch, 12 kg in weight, showedpolyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria, pendular abdomen, thin and dark skin, lumbar alopecic areas and lethargy. The team carried out Complete Blood Count (CBC), blood chemistry (liver and renal functions) and urine sampling by cystocentesis for urinalysis and bacterial culture. All exams had normal results, except for ALP, which reached levels higher than 150 UIL-1. On abdominal radiographic examination, we noted mild adrenal enlargement, and by ultrasonography, it was possible to identify adrenal asymmetry and right adrenal enlargement (2.8x2x2.15 cm) in relation to the left gland (2x1x1.5 cm). As a treatment for adrenal neoplasm-dependent HAC [...](AU)

Gastropatia pilórica hipertrófica crônica secundária à gastrite linfoplasmocitária em cão: relato de caso / Chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy secundary to lymphoplasmacytic gastritis in a dog: case report / Gastropatía pilórica hipertrófica crónica secundaria a gastritis linfoplasmocitária en un perro: reporte de caso

A gastropatia hipertrófica pilórica crônica é o termo que se refere à hipertrofia pilórica sem especificar se a camada mucosa e/ou muscular estão envolvidas. O presente trabalho relata um caso de gastropatia hipertrófica crônica secundária à gastrite linfoplasmocitária em um cão. O diagnóstico foi confirmado através de celiotomia exploratória e análise histopatológica e o tratamento instituído através de piloroplastia, bem como terapia imunosupressora foram fundamentais para a melhora clínica significativa do paciente.

The gastropathy chronic hypertrophic pyloric is a term that refers to hypertrophic pyloric without specifying the mucous layer and / or muscle are involved. This paper reports a case of hypertrophic gastropathy secondary to chronic lymphoplasmacytic gastritis in a dog. The diagnosis was confirmed by exploratory laparotomy and histopathological analysis and the treatment by pyloroplasty, as well as immunosuppressive therapy have been fundamental to the clinical improvement of the patient.

La gastropatía hipertrófica del píloro crónica es un término que se refiere a hipertrofia pilórica sin especificar la capa mucosa y / o músculos que esten involucrados. Se presenta el caso de gastropatía hipertrófica secundaria a gastritis crónica linfoplasmacítica en un perro. El diagnóstico fue confirmado por el análisis exploratorio de laparotomía y histopatológico y el tratamiento por piloroplastia, así como la terapia inmunosupresora han sido fundamental para la mejoría clínica del paciente.

Nosectomy in cats with squamous cell carcinoma - Seven cases report / Nosectomia em felinos portadores de carcinoma espinocelular - Relato de sete casos

Squamous cell carcinoma is a keratinocytes malignant tumor, the definitive diagnosis of this disease is based on histopathology examination of the lesions. The cats nostrils is one of regions commonly affected by this neoplasm. The response to chemotherapeutic agents, cryosurgery and radiotherapy is not good for this reason surgical resection is instituted for remove the greatest amount of tissue engaged and provide free margins, in case of nasal involvement are indicated nosectomy often needing reconstructive techniques using as advance flaps for synthesis of surgical wounds. Due to the high incidence of feline patients with this entity, this study aims to report and discuss the effectiveness of nosectomy in seven cats with the disease. It is concluded that nosectomy as a therapeutic technique effective in five of seven patients feline, resecting tumor margin and providing acceptable time and quality life.(AU)

O carcinoma de células escamosas é um tumor maligno dos queratinócitos, o diagnostico definitivo desta doença se baseia no exame histopatológico das lesões. As narinas dos gatos é uma das regiões comumente afetadas por esta neoplasia. A resposta aos agentes quimioterapêuticos, criocirurgia e radioterapia não é muito promissora, por este motivo a ressecção cirúrgica é instituída a fim de remover a maior quantidade de tecido comprometido e proporcionar margens cirúrgicas livres, nos casos de envolvimento nasal, realiza-se nosectomia, muitas vezes precisando utilizar técnicas reconstrutivas como os flapes de avanço para a síntese das feridas cirúrgicas. Devido a grande incidência de pacientes felinos com esta entidade, o presente estudo objetiva relatar e discutir a eficácia da nosectomia em sete felinos acometidos pela doença. Conclui-se que a nosectomia é uma técnica com fim terapêutica, eficaz em cinco dos setes pacientes felinos, resseccionando a massa tumoral com margem e proporcionando tempo e qualidade de vida aceitável.(AU)