Solid-state fermentation with orange waste: optimization of Laccase production from Pleurotus pulmonarius CCB-20 and decolorization of synthetic dyes

Laccases are oxidoreductase enzymes that have the ability to oxidize phenolic substrates. Its biotechnological potential has been greatly explored in many areas as biotechnology industry, bioremediation of dyes, food industry and environmental microbiology. The aim of this study was maximize the laccase production by Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quélet in solid-state fermentation (SSF) using orange waste as substrate. After optimization the capability of the crude laccase to decolorize dyes was analyzed. The fermentation medium in the solid-state was optimized by applying a factorial design. After statistics optimization, laccase activity increased two times. The laccase activity appears to be correlated with the ability of crude extract to decolorize some industrial dyes. The optimized laccase was characterized with respect to optimum pH, influence of temperature and salts. Our results demonstrate that P. pulmonarius was an efficient producer of an important industrial enzyme, laccase, in a cheap solid-state system using orange waste as substrate.

Solid-state fermentation with orange waste: optimization of Laccase production from Pleurotus pulmonarius CCB-20 and decolorization of synthetic dyes

Laccases are oxidoreductase enzymes that have the ability to oxidize phenolic substrates. Its biotechnological potential has been greatly explored in many areas as biotechnology industry, bioremediation of dyes, food industry and environmental microbiology. The aim of this study was maximize the laccase production by Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quélet in solid-state fermentation (SSF) using orange waste as substrate. After optimization the capability of the crude laccase to decolorize dyes was analyzed. The fermentation medium in the solid-state was optimized by applying a factorial design. After statistics optimization, laccase activity increased two times. The laccase activity appears to be correlated with the ability of crude extract to decolorize some industrial dyes. The optimized laccase was characterized with respect to optimum pH, influence of temperature and salts. Our results demonstrate that P. pulmonarius was an efficient producer of an important industrial enzyme, laccase, in a cheap solid-state system using orange waste as substrate.(AU)

Amylase activity in the small intestine of rabbits fed with diets containing starch levels before and after weaning - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v28i3.46 / Atividade da amilase no intestino delgado de coelhos alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes níveis de amido antes e após desmame - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v28i3.46

One experiment was carried out to study the amylase activity in the small intestine (jejunum and ileum) of rabbits from litters maintained on different feeding patterns. Two hundred White New Zealand rabbits were analyzed, out of which 40 35- days-old rabbits, 80 50-days-old rabbits and 80 70-days-old rabbits were slaughtered. To modulate the pattern of feed and milk intake before weaning, the litters were modulated for eight young rabbits until 16 days old. From 16 days until weaning, they were submitted to low or high milk availability, litters maintained with four or eight young rabbits receiving diets containing normal or high starch level. The animals were distributed in a factorial design 2x2x2 (two milk intake patterns versus two starch levels in the diets before weaning versus two starch levels in the diets after weaning). The results showed that litters maintained with four or eight young rabbits from 16 to 35 days old did not modify (P>0.05) the activity amylase independent of the evaluated age after weaning . The diets with high starch level in lactation phase increased (P

Para avaliar a atividade amilásica em coelhos após a desmama, foram utilizados 200 animais da Raça Nova Zelândia Branco, submetidos a diferentes padrões de alimentação desde a fase de lactação. Quarenta deles foram abatidos aos 35 dias de idade e 80, aos 50 e aos 70 dias de idade. Para modular o padrão de consumo de leite e ração antes da desmama, as ninhadas equalizadas em 8 láparos do nascimento até ao 16º dia de idade, a partir desta idade, até a desmama, foram submetidos à alta e baixa disponibilidade de leite, mantendo ninhadas com 4 ou 8 láparos recebendo dietas com nível normal (15%) e alto (24%) de amido. A partir da desmama, os animais de cada um dos 4 padrões de alimentação até a desmama passaram a receber as mesmas dietas com níveis normal e alto de amido, em um esquema fatorial 2x2x2 (ninhadas submetidas à baixa e alta disponibilidade de leite versus dois níveis de amido na dieta até a desmama versus dois níveis de amido na dieta após a desmama). Os resultados mostraram que a manutenção de ninhadas com 4 ou 8 animais entre o 16º e 35º dia de lactação não modificou (P>0,05) a atividade da amilase em qualquer das idades avaliadas após o desmame. O uso de dietas com alto teor de amido durante a lactação aumentou (P