Evaluation of sheep fed on multinutritional blocks with garlic extract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with three formulations of nutritional blocks and its consumption by 60 sheep from the Pantaneiro genetic group. The animals were weighed (35 kg ± 4.69) and separated into three groups of 20 each: G1 (control block), G2 (block with palatalising), and G3 (block + garlic extract). The solidified mineral supplement of silage of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) provided ad libitum had an estimated consumption of 0.6%/kg/day. The sheep were kept in pastures in a grazing system cultivated with the grass Brachiaria brizantha Marandu. The best performance was obtained by G2 (P < 0.05) for weight gain, with 105 g of feed conversion ratio 75% more efficient than G1 and 107% more efficient than G3. The provision of multinutrient blocks for sheep kept in pastures of U. brizantha Marandu contributed to the improvement of the animal"s nutritional status. Among the formulations tested, the block with palatalising showed the highest rate of food conversion. The block with garlic extract had an inhibitory effect on reinfection by gastrointestinal nematodes after 30 days.

Evaluation of sheep fed on multinutritional blocks with garlic extract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with three formulations of nutritional blocks and its consumption by 60 sheep from the Pantaneiro genetic group. The animals were weighed (35 kg ± 4.69) and separated into three groups of 20 each: G1 (control block), G2 (block with palatalising), and G3 (block + garlic extract). The solidified mineral supplement of silage of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) provided ad libitum had an estimated consumption of 0.6%/kg/day. The sheep were kept in pastures in a grazing system cultivated with the grass Brachiaria brizantha Marandu. The best performance was obtained by G2 (P < 0.05) for weight gain, with 105 g of feed conversion ratio 75% more efficient than G1 and 107% more efficient than G3. The provision of multinutrient blocks for sheep kept in pastures of U. brizantha Marandu contributed to the improvement of the animal"s nutritional status. Among the formulations tested, the block with palatalising showed the highest rate of food conversion. The block with garlic extract had an inhibitory effect on reinfection by gastrointestinal nematodes after 30 days.(AU)

Aerial parts of cassava as partial replacement for feed concentrates in the diet of lambs raised in semi-confinement / Parte aérea da mandioca em substituição parcial a alimentos concentrados na dieta de cordeiros

This study aimed to evaluate the performance and economic viability of including the aerial parts of cassava (PAM) in the feed of semi-confined lambs for partial reduction of food concentrates. Fifty-six sheep, including males and females of the Pantaneira genetic group weighing 18.84 ± 2.02 kg on an average were used. The experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with four treatments, each with seven females and seven males. Each group of 14 animals received one of four treatments: control, 10% of food concentrate in diet replaced with PAM, 20% replaced with PAM, and 30% replaced with PAM. The average total gain in weight (GWT) of the male lambs was 26.89% higher than the gains observed in females. Based on the cost analysis, we observed a linear effect (P < 0.01), i.e., a decrease in the feed cost for male and female groups with increase in PAM content. For the study period, the expenditure for the control male group was the highest at $ 17.60 per animal. Expenditure for the PAM 30 male group was the lowest at $ 12.74 per animal. These figures reflect the actual operating costs (COE), i.e., the power is 75.78% and 74.77%, for male and female groups respectively. The total cost, decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with PAM 30 treatment costing the least at $ 47.90, which was $ 7.02 lower than the control. When assessing the net margin per kilogram among the female groups, we observed a quadratic effect (P < 0.01) with a maximum gain of 23.98% when adding PAM and $ 0.50 kg-1. Our results show that the raising of lambs in semi-confinement was economically viable, and the addition of the aerial part of processed cassava in the feed presented a higher economic return. Further, the addition of aerial parts of cassava did not affect the performance of the lambs.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho produtivo e viabilidade econômica da inclusão da parte aérea de mandioca in natura na ração de cordeiros semi-confinados, em busca da redução parcial de alimentos concentrados. Foram utilizados 56 ovinos da raça Pantaneira, sendo 28 machos e 28 fêmeas, com idade média de 75 dias, pesos médios de 18,84kg ± 2,02, avaliados durante os meses de janeiro a março de 2015, totalizando 65 dias. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados com quatro tratamentos, cada um com 7 fêmeas e 7 machos, sendo que foram divididos de forma que os pesos e os animais fossem o mais homogêneos. Cada grupo de 14 animais recebeu um dos quatro tratamentos: Controle; tratamento com adição de 10% PAM em substituição ao concentrado; tratamento com adição de 20% de PAM em substituição ao concentrado e tratamento com adição de 30% de PAM em substituição ao concentrado. O valor de ganho médio total (GPT) dos cordeiros machos foi 26,89% superior aos ganhos observados no grupamento de fêmeas. Com base no centro de custos foi observado efeito linear (P < 0,01) decrescente no valor da alimentação para os grupamentos de macho e fêmea. Sendo o tratamento controle o maior dispêndio no período com R$ 56,86 animal-1 e o tratamento PAM 30 o menor valor com R$ 41,17 animal-1 no grupamento de machos. Estes valores refletiram no custo operacional efetivo (COE), ou seja, a alimentação representa 75,78% e 74,77%, do COE para os grupamentos de macho e fêmea respectivamente. O custo total apresentou efeito linear (P < 0,05) decrescente, o tratamento PAM 30 o menor valor apurado R$ 154,72. Resultando em redução no custo total em R$ 22,69 em relação ao tratamento controle (R$ 177,41). Ao se avaliar a margem liquida por quilo dentre o grupamento de fêmeas observou efeito quadrático (P < 0,01) com ponto de máxima em 23,98% de adição de PAM e valor em R$ 1,61 Kg ganho-1. [...](AU)

Análise econômica da alimentação de cordeiros confinados pela substituição parcial de concentrado pela parte aérea da mandioca / Economic analysis of feeding lambs confined by partial replacement of the concentrated by air part of cassava

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a influência da inclusão da rama de mandioca na dieta de cordeiros confinados, substituindo-se parcialmente de alimentos concentrados, a fim de reduzir custos de produção. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Tecnologia de Ovinos (CTO), no município de Campo Grande - MS. Foram utilizados 28 ovinos da raça Pantaneira, sendo 14 machos e 14 fêmeas, com idade média de 75 dias, pesos médios de 18,84 kg ± 2,02 durante 65 dias. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados em método fatorial (2x2), com dois fatores, distribuídos em 7 fêmeas e 7 machos. As dietas recebidas foram: tratamento 1 – Controle e tratamento 2 – 10% Parte Aérea da Mandioca (PAM 10) em substituição ao concentrado, compondo dois fatores. A análise econômica do desempenho dos animais demonstrou os menores custos de alimentação, menores juros sobre o capital de giro e maior margem líquida para o tratamento PAM 10. Esse resultado permite concluir que inclusão da rama de mandioca na dieta de cordeiros confinados, em substituição parcial de alimentos concentrados pode resultar em maior lucratividade.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of inclusion of cassava raw in the diet of lambs, partially replacing concentrate food in order to reduce production costs. The experiment was conducted at Sheep Technology Centre, in Campo Grande - MS. 28 sheep were used in the Pantaneira race, 14 males and 14 females, mean age of 75 days, average weight 18.84 kg ± 2.02 for 65 days. The experimental design were in randomized blocks in a factorial method (2x2) with two factors, distributed in 7 females and 7 males. Received diets were: treatment 1 – control and treatment 2 – 10% Air Part of Cassava (PAM 10) replacing concentrate, comprising two factors. The economic analysis of animal performance demonstrated the lowest feeding costs, lower interest on working capital and higher net margin for the treatment PAM 10. These results allow us to conclude that inclusion of raw cassava in the diet of lambs in partial replacement of concentrate can result in higher profitability.

Análise econômica da alimentação de cordeiros confinados pela substituição parcial de concentrado pela parte aérea da mandioca / Economic analysis of feeding lambs confined by partial replacement of the concentrated by air part of cassava

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a influência da inclusão da rama de mandioca na dieta de cordeiros confinados, substituindo-se parcialmente de alimentos concentrados, a fim de reduzir custos de produção. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Tecnologia de Ovinos (CTO), no município de Campo Grande - MS. Foram utilizados 28 ovinos da raça Pantaneira, sendo 14 machos e 14 fêmeas, com idade média de 75 dias, pesos médios de 18,84 kg ± 2,02 durante 65 dias. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados em método fatorial (2x2), com dois fatores, distribuídos em 7 fêmeas e 7 machos. As dietas recebidas foram: tratamento 1 Controle e tratamento 2 10% Parte Aérea da Mandioca (PAM 10) em substituição ao concentrado, compondo dois fatores. A análise econômica do desempenho dos animais demonstrou os menores custos de alimentação, menores juros sobre o capital de giro e maior margem líquida para o tratamento PAM 10. Esse resultado permite concluir que inclusão da rama de mandioca na dieta de cordeiros confinados, em substituição parcial de alimentos concentrados pode resultar em maior lucratividade.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of inclusion of cassava raw in the diet of lambs, partially replacing concentrate food in order to reduce production costs. The experiment was conducted at Sheep Technology Centre, in Campo Grande - MS. 28 sheep were used in the Pantaneira race, 14 males and 14 females, mean age of 75 days, average weight 18.84 kg ± 2.02 for 65 days. The experimental design were in randomized blocks in a factorial method (2x2) with two factors, distributed in 7 females and 7 males. Received diets were: treatment 1 control and treatment 2 10% Air Part of Cassava (PAM 10) replacing concentrate, comprising two factors. The economic analysis of animal performance demonstrated the lowest feeding costs, lower interest on working capital and higher net margin for the treatment PAM 10. These results allow us to conclude that inclusion of raw cassava in the diet of lambs in partial replacement of concentrate can result in higher profitability.(AU)

Combinations of non-protein nitrogen sources in supplements for Nellore steers grazing / Combinações de fontes de nitrogênio não proteico em suplementos para novilhos Nelore em pastejo

The objective of evaluating sources of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) combined for supplementation of Nelore steers in deferred pasture. After  the deferral of four pickets of Brachiaria brizantha cv. MG4 (20 ha each) of 60 days, 80 Nellore steers, with average body weight 280.40 ± 19.59 kg, were evaluated for 120 days. The management adopted was rotational grazing, with pickets changes every 15 days. We evaluated four treatments with different combinations of NNP sources: Urea +Urea extruded + Urea coated; Urea + Urea coated; Urea + Urea extruded and Urea extruded. In all treatments were provided protein supplement-mineral energy ad libitum, with 30% of crude protein and 40% of total digestibility nutrient. When evaluated individually, the NPN sources presented different solubility in water and buffer, and lowest value observed for coated urea (P 0.05).The animals of the treatments Urea + Ureaextruded + Urea coated and Urea extruded showed average daily gain (0.4 kg/day; P 0.05) of animals treatments Urea + Urea extrudedthe animals(0.34 kg/day).The animals of the Urea extruded treatment higher carcass gain (1.71 @/animal) compared to other (P 0.05).The net margin of the Urea extruded treatment (R $ 158,20/animal) was superior in 10.8%, 8.2% and 35.8% to treatments Urea + Urea + Urea coated, Urea + Ureaextruded and Urea + Ureacoated, respectively. It is recommended t(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar fontes de nitrogênio não-proteico (NNP) combinadas para suplementação de novilhos Nelore na recria mantidos em pastagens diferidas. Após o deferimento de quatro piquetes de Brachiaria brizantha cv. MG4 por 60 dias (20 ha cada) 80 novilhos Nelore castrados, com peso corporal médio de 280,40±19,59kg, foram avaliados durante 120 dias. O manejo adotado foi pastejo rotacionado, com mudanças de piquetes a cada 15 dias. Foram avaliados quatro tratamentos com diferentes combinações de fontes de NNP: Ureia + Ureia extrusada + Ureia revestida; Ureia + Ureia revestida; Ureia + Ureia extrusada; Ureia extrusada. Em todos os tratamentos foram fornecidos suplemento proteico-energético-mineral ad libitum, com 30% de proteína bruta e 40% de nutrientes digestíveis totais.Quando avaliadas individualmente, as fontes de NNP apresentaram solubilidades distintas em água e solução tampão, sendo o menor valor observado para ureia revestida (P 0,05). Os animais dos tratamentos Ureia + Ureia extrusada + Ureia revestida e Ureia extrusa da apresentaram ganho médio diário superior (0,4kg/dia; P 0,05) aos animais dos tratamentos Ureia + Ureia extrusada (0,34kg/dia). Os animais do tratamento Ureia extrusada apresentaram maior ganho de carcaça (1,71 @/animal) em relação aos demais (P 0,05). A margem líquida do tratamento Ureia extrusada (R$ 158,20/animal) foi superior em 10(AU)

Combinations of non-protein nitrogen sources in supplements for Nellore steers grazing / Combinações de fontes de nitrogênio não proteico em suplementos para novilhos Nelore em pastejo

The objective of evaluating sources of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) combined for supplementation of Nelore steers in deferred pasture. After  the deferral of four pickets of Brachiaria brizantha cv. MG4 (20 ha each) of 60 days, 80 Nellore steers, with average body weight 280.40 ± 19.59 kg, were evaluated for 120 days. The management adopted was rotational grazing, with pickets changes every 15 days. We evaluated four treatments with different combinations of NNP sources: Urea +Urea extruded + Urea coated; Urea + Urea coated; Urea + Urea extruded and Urea extruded. In all treatments were provided protein supplement-mineral energy ad libitum, with 30% of crude protein and 40% of total digestibility nutrient. When evaluated individually, the NPN sources presented different solubility in water and buffer, and lowest value observed for coated urea (P 0.05).The animals of the treatments Urea + Ureaextruded + Urea coated and Urea extruded showed average daily gain (0.4 kg/day; P 0.05) of animals treatments Urea + Urea extrudedthe animals(0.34 kg/day).The animals of the Urea extruded treatment higher carcass gain (1.71 @/animal) compared to other (P 0.05).The net margin of the Urea extruded treatment (R $ 158,20/animal) was superior in 10.8%, 8.2% and 35.8% to treatments Urea + Urea + Urea coated, Urea + Ureaextruded and Urea + Ureacoated, respectively. It is recommended t

Objetivou-se avaliar fontes de nitrogênio não-proteico (NNP) combinadas para suplementação de novilhos Nelore na recria mantidos em pastagens diferidas. Após o deferimento de quatro piquetes de Brachiaria brizantha cv. MG4 por 60 dias (20 ha cada) 80 novilhos Nelore castrados, com peso corporal médio de 280,40±19,59kg, foram avaliados durante 120 dias. O manejo adotado foi pastejo rotacionado, com mudanças de piquetes a cada 15 dias. Foram avaliados quatro tratamentos com diferentes combinações de fontes de NNP: Ureia + Ureia extrusada + Ureia revestida; Ureia + Ureia revestida; Ureia + Ureia extrusada; Ureia extrusada. Em todos os tratamentos foram fornecidos suplemento proteico-energético-mineral ad libitum, com 30% de proteína bruta e 40% de nutrientes digestíveis totais.Quando avaliadas individualmente, as fontes de NNP apresentaram solubilidades distintas em água e solução tampão, sendo o menor valor observado para ureia revestida (P 0,05). Os animais dos tratamentos Ureia + Ureia extrusada + Ureia revestida e Ureia extrusa da apresentaram ganho médio diário superior (0,4kg/dia; P 0,05) aos animais dos tratamentos Ureia + Ureia extrusada (0,34kg/dia). Os animais do tratamento Ureia extrusada apresentaram maior ganho de carcaça (1,71 @/animal) em relação aos demais (P 0,05). A margem líquida do tratamento Ureia extrusada (R$ 158,20/animal) foi superior em 10

Total resection of the lower urinary tract without the need of pelvic osteotomy in the treatment of urethral neoplasia in a dog

Background: Urethral neoplasias are rare in small animals and normally have slow growth, but tissue invasion and urethral obstruction are frequent. Prognosis usually is poor due to the high degree of malignity of the main neoplasias involved. Surgical excision is the main form of treatment, but it should be complete with wide safety margins, making partial or complete removal of the bladder with transplantation of the ureters necessary. This report aims at describing a surgical technique, used in a bitch with urethral tumor, which involved complete resection of vulva, vagina and bladder, followed by ureterocolic anastomosis without pelvic osteotomy. Case: A 10-year-old female White Swiss Shepherd dog, weighing 35 kg, was presented with partial ischuria and haematuria for approximately 30 days, with final development of complete ischuria, vomit and anorexia. Urethral swab was performed, and the material obtained was fixed for cytological examination, which revealed the presence of malignant epithelial neoplasias, giving the case a direction. Staging was achieved through thoracic radiographs in two recumbent views, and metastatic lesions were not found. A radical surgery was proposed to the owner for the treatment of the patiente. The surgical procedure involved complete removal of the lower urinary tract, vagina and vulva, followed by reimplantation of the ureters in the colon (ureterocolic anastomosis). The patient recovered well from surgery, and urinary continence was maintained, along with quality of life. Transitional carcinoma in the urethral mucosa was characterized by histological diagnose, which revealed safe margins. Clinical evaluations were made daily, with detailed observation of urination, urine volume and color. From the second postoperative day on, fecal consistency from pasty to liquid and fetid odor were observed. Control of urination was only achieved after the fifth day. Ten days after the surgery, the patient was discharged, when the external sutures were removed. The patient lived well for six months, when it died of an indeterminate cause. Necropsy was not allowed by the owner. Discussion: Although primary urethral neoplasias are considered to be rare in dogs, its incidence is higher in females with age around 10 years, as was observed in this case report. Surgery may be the most promising treatment for urethral neoplasias in dogs, since they are not considered chemosensitive and the results of radiotherapy do not seem satisfactory. Urethral reimplantation on the digestive tract is an old technique described in the literature with satisfactory results, but with a lot of reports of postoperative complications which did not occurred in this case. Cystectomy followed by ureterocolic anastomosis allows the bladder to be completely excised while maintaing urinary continence and quality of life. The technique used was proved suitable for the treatment of urethral neoplasias that require complete removal of lower urinary tract so that wide margins are achieved. The approach used, as described, is less complicated than the ventral approach with pubic osteotomy. The described technique, without pelvic osteotomy, may benefi t patients with urethral neoplasias, once it is a less painful procedure, with fewer post-operative complications. Good patient recovery and wide margins obtained are sufficient to valorize this surgical technique.

Detection of toxins A/B and isolation of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens from dogs in Minas Gerais, Brazil

The objective of this study was to detect C. difficileA/B toxins and to isolate strains of C. perfringensand C. difficile from diarrheic and non-diarrheic dogs in Brazil. Stool samples were collected from 57 dogs, 35 of which were apparently healthy, and 22 of which were diarrheic. C. difficileA/B toxins were detected by ELISA, and C. perfringensand C. difficilewere identified by multiplex PCR. C. difficileA/B toxins were detected in 21 samples (36.8%). Of these, 16 (76.2%) were from diarrheic dogs, and five (23.8%) were from non-diarrheic dogs. Twelve C. difficile strains (21.1%) were isolated, of which ten were A+B+and two were A-B-. All non-toxigenic strains were isolated from non-diarrheic animals. The binary toxin gene cdtBwas found in one strain, which was A+B+and was derived from a non-diarrheic dog. C. perfringensstrains were isolated from 40 samples (70.2%). Of these, 18 (45%) were from the diarrheic group, and 22 (55%) belonged to the non-diarrheic group. All isolates were classified as C. perfringenstype A and there was an association between the detection of the cpegene and the presence of diarrhea. Interestingly, ten strains (25%) were positive for the presence of the cpb2gene. The high rate of detection of the A/B toxins in non-diarrheic dogs suggests the occurrence of subclinical disease in dogs or carriage of its toxins without disease. More studies are needed to elucidate the epidemiology of C. difficileand C. perfringensin dogs and to better our understanding of C. difficileas a zoonotic agent. This is the first study to report the binary toxin gene in C. difficilestrains isolated from dogs in Brazil.(AU)

Abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica de pectus excavatum em gata - relato de caso / Diagnosis and treatment of pectus excavatum in a cat - case report / Diagnóstico y tratamiento de pectus excavatum en gata - reporte de un caso

Pectus excavatum (PE) é o termo utilizado para caracterizar uma deformidade esternal rara em pequenos animais, que resulta em estreitamento dorsoventral do tórax. A etiologia parece ser congênita, e o diagnóstico é clínico, com base em observação visual. Os sinais clínicos, quando presentes, consistem em alterações cardíacas e respiratórias. As radiografias torácicas são úteis para estabelecer o grau de deformidade esternal, por meio dos índices frontossagital e vertebral. O tratamento para o PE pode ser conservativo ou cirúrgico, de acordo com os sinais clínicos, o grau de deformidade e a evolução da doença. O objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar a ocorrência de PE em uma gata de dois meses de idade, com ênfase na abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica. O tratamento executado foi a colocação cirúrgica de tala externa, que demonstrou resultado satisfatório.

Pectus excavatum (PE) is the term used to characterize a rare sternal deformity in small animals, which results in dorsoventral narrowing of the chest. The etiology appears to be congenital and the clinical diagnosis is based on visual observation. Clinical signs, if present, consist of cardiac and respiratory disorders. Chest x-rays are useful to establish the degree of sternal abnormality, by means of frontosagittal and vertebral indexes. Treatment for PE can be conservative or surgical, according to clinical signs, degree of deformity and disease progression. The purpose of this article is to report the occurrence of PE in a two-month-old female cat, with emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Treatment consisted of surgical placement of an external splint, which yielded satisfactory results.

Pectus excavatum (PE) es el término utilizado para caracterizar una rara deformación esternal en pequeños animales, que provoca un estrechamiento dorsoventral del tórax. Su etiología parece ser congénita y el diagnóstico es clínico, a través de la observación del paciente. Los signos clínicos, cuando están presentes, se relacionan con alteraciones cardíacas y respiratorias. Las radiografías de tórax son útiles para establecer el grado de deformación esternal, a través de los índices frontosagital y vertebral. El tratamiento para el PE puede ser conservador o quirúrgico, de acuerdo a los signos clínicos, el grado de deformación y la evolución de la enfermedad. El objetivo del presente trabajo es relatar un caso de PE en una gata de dos meses de edad, haciendo hincapié en el diagnóstico y tratamiento. El tratamiento realizado consistió en la colocación de una estructura rígida externa, mediante un procedimiento quirúrgico que mostró resultados satisfactorios.

Abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica de pectus excavatum em gata - relato de caso / Diagnosis and treatment of pectus excavatum in a cat - case report / Diagnóstico y tratamiento de pectus excavatum en gata - reporte de un caso

Pectus excavatum (PE) é o termo utilizado para caracterizar uma deformidade esternal rara em pequenos animais, que resulta em estreitamento dorsoventral do tórax. A etiologia parece ser congênita, e o diagnóstico é clínico, com base em observação visual. Os sinais clínicos, quando presentes, consistem em alterações cardíacas e respiratórias. As radiografias torácicas são úteis para estabelecer o grau de deformidade esternal, por meio dos índices frontossagital e vertebral. O tratamento para o PE pode ser conservativo ou cirúrgico, de acordo com os sinais clínicos, o grau de deformidade e a evolução da doença. O objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar a ocorrência de PE em uma gata de dois meses de idade, com ênfase na abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica. O tratamento executado foi a colocação cirúrgica de tala externa, que demonstrou resultado satisfatório.(AU)

Pectus excavatum (PE) is the term used to characterize a rare sternal deformity in small animals, which results in dorsoventral narrowing of the chest. The etiology appears to be congenital and the clinical diagnosis is based on visual observation. Clinical signs, if present, consist of cardiac and respiratory disorders. Chest x-rays are useful to establish the degree of sternal abnormality, by means of frontosagittal and vertebral indexes. Treatment for PE can be conservative or surgical, according to clinical signs, degree of deformity and disease progression. The purpose of this article is to report the occurrence of PE in a two-month-old female cat, with emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Treatment consisted of surgical placement of an external splint, which yielded satisfactory results.(AU)

Pectus excavatum (PE) es el término utilizado para caracterizar una rara deformación esternal en pequeños animales, que provoca un estrechamiento dorsoventral del tórax. Su etiología parece ser congénita y el diagnóstico es clínico, a través de la observación del paciente. Los signos clínicos, cuando están presentes, se relacionan con alteraciones cardíacas y respiratorias. Las radiografías de tórax son útiles para establecer el grado de deformación esternal, a través de los índices frontosagital y vertebral. El tratamiento para el PE puede ser conservador o quirúrgico, de acuerdo a los signos clínicos, el grado de deformación y la evolución de la enfermedad. El objetivo del presente trabajo es relatar un caso de PE en una gata de dos meses de edad, haciendo hincapié en el diagnóstico y tratamiento. El tratamiento realizado consistió en la colocación de una estructura rígida externa, mediante un procedimiento quirúrgico que mostró resultados satisfactorios.(AU)

Intoxicação de cão por uva – relato de caso / Grape intoxication in a dog – case report / Intoxicación por uva en perros – relato de un caso

As intoxicações por alimentos destinados ao consumo humano são comuns e ocorrem frequentemente logo após o proprietário os oferecer ao animal. A uva (Vitis vinifera) in natura e desidratada (uva-passa) é uma fruta que pode causar intoxicação em cães, mas seu potencial tóxico ainda é pouco conhecido pelos médicos veterinários. Neste trabalho relata-se um caso em que um cão da raça spitz, de cinco meses de idade, desenvolveu sinais clínicos de insuficiência renal aguda após ingerir um cacho de uvas. O quadro clínico foi caracterizado por vômitos, diarreia, anúria e aumento de ureia e creatinina. Após dezoito horas de internação, o animal veio a óbito. O exame anátomo-histopatológico constatou necrose tubular aguda com focos de mineralização. Em conjunto, os achados clínicos, laboratoriais e anátomo-histopatológicos são consistentes com insuficiência renal causada por ingestão de uva.

Animal poisoning by consumption of human food occurs often and is generally caused by owners themselves. The grape (Vitis vinifera) can cause poisoning in dogs both in natura and in its dehydrated form (raisin), but its potential toxicity is still little known by veterinarians. This paper reports the case of a five-month-old Spitz that developed clinical signs of acute renal failure after eating a bunch of grapes. The clinical course was characterized by vomiting, diarrhea, anuria and increased levels of creatinine and urea. The animal died 18 hours after admission. Anatomical and histopathological exams showed acute tubular necrosis with foci of mineralization. Together, the clinical, laboratory and pathological findings are consistent with a case of renal failure caused by grape ingestion.

Las intoxicaciones por alimentos destinados al consumo humano suelen ser frecuentes, y se producen comúnmente después de que el propietario se los ofrece al animal. La uva (Vitis vinifera), tanto en su forma natural como deshidratada (pasa de uva), es una fruta que puede producir una intoxicación en los caninos, aunque su potencial tóxico aún es poco conocido entre los médicos veterinarios. En el presente trabajo se relata el caso de un perro de raza Spitz, de cinco meses de edad, que desarrolló un cuadro clínico con vómitos, diarrea, anuria y aumento de la urea y creatinina. Después de dieciocho horas de internación, el paciente falleció. Durante el examen anatomopatológico se pudo comprobar la presencia de necrosis tubular renal aguda, con focos de mineralización. El conjunto de signos clínicos, de laboratorio y anatomopatológicos llevaron al diagnóstico de una insuficiencia renal causada por la ingestión de uva.

Intoxicação de cão por uva relato de caso / Grape intoxication in a dog case report / Intoxicación por uva en perros relato de un caso

As intoxicações por alimentos destinados ao consumo humano são comuns e ocorrem frequentemente logo após o proprietário os oferecer ao animal. A uva (Vitis vinifera) in natura e desidratada (uva-passa) é uma fruta que pode causar intoxicação em cães, mas seu potencial tóxico ainda é pouco conhecido pelos médicos veterinários. Neste trabalho relata-se um caso em que um cão da raça spitz, de cinco meses de idade, desenvolveu sinais clínicos de insuficiência renal aguda após ingerir um cacho de uvas. O quadro clínico foi caracterizado por vômitos, diarreia, anúria e aumento de ureia e creatinina. Após dezoito horas de internação, o animal veio a óbito. O exame anátomo-histopatológico constatou necrose tubular aguda com focos de mineralização. Em conjunto, os achados clínicos, laboratoriais e anátomo-histopatológicos são consistentes com insuficiência renal causada por ingestão de uva.(AU)

Animal poisoning by consumption of human food occurs often and is generally caused by owners themselves. The grape (Vitis vinifera) can cause poisoning in dogs both in natura and in its dehydrated form (raisin), but its potential toxicity is still little known by veterinarians. This paper reports the case of a five-month-old Spitz that developed clinical signs of acute renal failure after eating a bunch of grapes. The clinical course was characterized by vomiting, diarrhea, anuria and increased levels of creatinine and urea. The animal died 18 hours after admission. Anatomical and histopathological exams showed acute tubular necrosis with foci of mineralization. Together, the clinical, laboratory and pathological findings are consistent with a case of renal failure caused by grape ingestion.(AU)

Las intoxicaciones por alimentos destinados al consumo humano suelen ser frecuentes, y se producen comúnmente después de que el propietario se los ofrece al animal. La uva (Vitis vinifera), tanto en su forma natural como deshidratada (pasa de uva), es una fruta que puede producir una intoxicación en los caninos, aunque su potencial tóxico aún es poco conocido entre los médicos veterinarios. En el presente trabajo se relata el caso de un perro de raza Spitz, de cinco meses de edad, que desarrolló un cuadro clínico con vómitos, diarrea, anuria y aumento de la urea y creatinina. Después de dieciocho horas de internación, el paciente falleció. Durante el examen anatomopatológico se pudo comprobar la presencia de necrosis tubular renal aguda, con focos de mineralización. El conjunto de signos clínicos, de laboratorio y anatomopatológicos llevaron al diagnóstico de una insuficiencia renal causada por la ingestión de uva.(AU)

Aerial parts of cassava as partial replacement for feed concentrates in the diet of lambs raised in semi-confinement / Parte aérea da mandioca em substituição parcial a alimentos concentrados na dieta de cordeiros

This study aimed to evaluate the performance and economic viability of including the aerial parts of cassava (PAM) in the feed of semi-confined lambs for partial reduction of food concentrates. Fifty-six sheep, including males and females of the Pantaneira genetic group weighing 18.84 ± 2.02 kg on an average were used. The experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with four treatments, each with seven females and seven males. Each group of 14 animals received one of four treatments: control, 10% of food concentrate in diet replaced with PAM, 20% replaced with PAM, and 30% replaced with PAM. The average total gain in weight (GWT) of the male lambs was 26.89% higher than the gains observed in females. Based on the cost analysis, we observed a linear effect (P < 0.01), i.e., a decrease in the feed cost for male and female groups with increase in PAM content. For the study period, the expenditure for the control male group was the highest at $ 17.60 per animal. Expenditure for the PAM 30 male group was the lowest at $ 12.74 per animal. These figures reflect the actual operating costs (COE), i.e., the power is 75.78% and 74.77%, for male and female groups respectively. The total cost, decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with PAM 30 treatment costing the least at $ 47.90, which was $ 7.02 lower than the control. When assessing the net margin per kilogram among the female groups, we observed a quadratic effect (P < 0.01) with a maximum gain of 23.98% when adding PAM and $ 0.50 kg-1. Our results show that the raising of lambs in semi-confinement was economically viable, and the addition of the aerial part of processed cassava in the feed presented a higher economic return. Further, the addition of aerial parts of cassava did not affect the performance of the lambs.

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho produtivo e viabilidade econômica da inclusão da parte aérea de mandioca in natura na ração de cordeiros semi-confinados, em busca da redução parcial de alimentos concentrados. Foram utilizados 56 ovinos da raça Pantaneira, sendo 28 machos e 28 fêmeas, com idade média de 75 dias, pesos médios de 18,84kg ± 2,02, avaliados durante os meses de janeiro a março de 2015, totalizando 65 dias. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados com quatro tratamentos, cada um com 7 fêmeas e 7 machos, sendo que foram divididos de forma que os pesos e os animais fossem o mais homogêneos. Cada grupo de 14 animais recebeu um dos quatro tratamentos: Controle; tratamento com adição de 10% PAM em substituição ao concentrado; tratamento com adição de 20% de PAM em substituição ao concentrado e tratamento com adição de 30% de PAM em substituição ao concentrado. O valor de ganho médio total (GPT) dos cordeiros machos foi 26,89% superior aos ganhos observados no grupamento de fêmeas. Com base no centro de custos foi observado efeito linear (P < 0,01) decrescente no valor da alimentação para os grupamentos de macho e fêmea. Sendo o tratamento controle o maior dispêndio no período com R$ 56,86 animal-1 e o tratamento PAM 30 o menor valor com R$ 41,17 animal-1 no grupamento de machos. Estes valores refletiram no custo operacional efetivo (COE), ou seja, a alimentação representa 75,78% e 74,77%, do COE para os grupamentos de macho e fêmea respectivamente. O custo total apresentou efeito linear (P < 0,05) decrescente, o tratamento PAM 30 o menor valor apurado R$ 154,72. Resultando em redução no custo total em R$ 22,69 em relação ao tratamento controle (R$ 177,41). Ao se avaliar a margem liquida por quilo dentre o grupamento de fêmeas observou efeito quadrático (P < 0,01) com ponto de máxima em 23,98% de adição de PAM e valor em R$ 1,61 Kg ganho-1. [...]