Salmonella Pullorum em criação de galinhas caipiras no Oeste da Bahia, Brasil / Salmonella Pullorum in a free-range chicken farm in Western Bahia, Brazil

Background: Industrial poultry farming has developed progressively in Brazil, conferring the country a prominent position on the national and international scene. Likewise, alternative poultry farming is an important economic activity for small-scale family farmers. However, shortcomings related to sanitary management lead to increased occurrence of avian diseases, such as those caused by Salmonella spp. Despite salmonellosis has been described in industrial establishments, reports in alternative farms are less common, therefore the objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of salmonellosis in free-range chickens in the municipality of Barra, Western Bahia, Brazil. Cases: The poultry farmer reported the occurrence of diarrhoea in his chicken flock since the acquisition of the batch of chicks. Initially, carrying out the medicinal treatment of the birds, there was clinical improvement, however, successive recurrences of clinical signs occurred, such as diarrhoea, apathy, anorexia, and death of some birds. Upon learning about the case, an epidemiological investigation of the flock was carried out, and it was noted that some of the birds were retracted, apathetic, anorexic, and a lot of diarrheic faeces of a yellowish-white appearance were also observed. The entire flock had a history of vaccination against diseases: newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, gumboro disease, and fowlpox. For better evaluation, five birds were necropsied, enabling the observation that the animals had a good body score. However, the necropsy revealed lesions such as splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and enteritis in the three birds initially analysed (Animals 1, 2, and 3). The other birds (Animals 4 and 5) were submitted to evaluation for Eimeria sp. oocysts by means of scrapings from the intestinal mucosa, and there were no structures compatible with oocysts. Faecal samples were collected from another six birds in the flock for coproparasitological examination, and the presence of oocysts was not detected. Finally, sera from 20 birds in the flock were collected for the Rapid Serum Agglutination Test (SAR) for the detection anti-Salmonella Pullorum antibodies. Discussion: The diagnosis was based on clinical evaluation, post mortem pathological findings of the necropsied birds, epidemiological data and confirmed with SAR testing, whereby 11 birds were seropositive for Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Pullorum. The prevalence of S. Pullorum is poorly described in alternative farming. Based on the farmer's report, it is believed that the chicks were purchased already infected, because birds from the same batch, also purchased by neighbouring producers, showed the same clinical signs. The unsatisfactory sanitation in the flock was another factor that may have favoured the persistence of the bacteria, since, the lack of removal of organic matter is a source of nutrients for microorganisms, and this may have favoured the multiplication and maintenance of the bacteria in the down feathers, feed, and water. The elimination of S. Pullorum through the faeces, in addition to the density of the birds, may have led to transmission to the other healthy birds. However, the knowledge and adoption of prophylactic measures in free-range chicken farms is a crucial factor in minimizing the occurrence of outbreaks and thus avoiding a future public Health Problem.

Systemic infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in a bitch

Background: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an opportunistic pathogen, belonging to the genus Staphylococcus.The methicillin-resistant Staphylococci have the mecA-gene, which confers them with the ability of becoming resistant tomethicillin and multiple classes of antimicrobials, which makes the treatment of the affections caused by these specimensdifficult. This work describes a case of systemic infection and death by methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius, in a canine.Case: A crossbred bitch (Canis lupus familiaris), was admitted to the University Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Universityof Western Bahia (HVU-UFOB). The main complaint reported by the owner was the presence of mammary nodules andconstant nasal secretion. During the clinical examination was observed reactivity in the popliteal and left submandibularlymph nodes, pale mucous membranes, stomatitis, bilateral mucopurulent nasal secretion, abdominal pustules, serous secretion in the inguinal mammary gland and focal alopecia on the dorsum. On auscultation, was identified only arrhythmiaand the other physiological parameters of the animal were within normality for the species. Samples of the nasal secretionand of the secretion from the abdominal pustules were collected, and sent to the Veterinary Microbiology Laboratory ofthe same institution. The samples collected were sown in 5% Blood Agar (BA), Sabouraud Agar (SAB) and MacConkeyAgar (MCK), after 24 h was observed in BA the growth of macroscopically white colonies, with a humid aspect, creamyconsistency, with presence of catalase and α-hemolysis. Microscopically, was observed the presence of Gram-positivecocci, suggestive of Staphylococcus sp. Microscopically, was observed the presence of Gram-positive cocci, suggestiveof Staphylococcus sp. In the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, was identified S. pseudintermedius. Enrofloxacin [Enrotrat...

Systemic infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in a bitch

Background: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an opportunistic pathogen, belonging to the genus Staphylococcus.The methicillin-resistant Staphylococci have the mecA-gene, which confers them with the ability of becoming resistant tomethicillin and multiple classes of antimicrobials, which makes the treatment of the affections caused by these specimensdifficult. This work describes a case of systemic infection and death by methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius, in a canine.Case: A crossbred bitch (Canis lupus familiaris), was admitted to the University Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Universityof Western Bahia (HVU-UFOB). The main complaint reported by the owner was the presence of mammary nodules andconstant nasal secretion. During the clinical examination was observed reactivity in the popliteal and left submandibularlymph nodes, pale mucous membranes, stomatitis, bilateral mucopurulent nasal secretion, abdominal pustules, serous secretion in the inguinal mammary gland and focal alopecia on the dorsum. On auscultation, was identified only arrhythmiaand the other physiological parameters of the animal were within normality for the species. Samples of the nasal secretionand of the secretion from the abdominal pustules were collected, and sent to the Veterinary Microbiology Laboratory ofthe same institution. The samples collected were sown in 5% Blood Agar (BA), Sabouraud Agar (SAB) and MacConkeyAgar (MCK), after 24 h was observed in BA the growth of macroscopically white colonies, with a humid aspect, creamyconsistency, with presence of catalase and α-hemolysis. Microscopically, was observed the presence of Gram-positivecocci, suggestive of Staphylococcus sp. Microscopically, was observed the presence of Gram-positive cocci, suggestiveof Staphylococcus sp. In the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, was identified S. pseudintermedius. Enrofloxacin [Enrotrat...(AU)

Transmissible Venereal Tumor associated with cutaneous metastasis and leishmaniasis in a bitch

Background: The Transmissible Venereal Tumor (TVT) is a round cell neoplasia, of contagious nature, common in the canine species, which mainly affects external genitalia. Despite metastasis being uncommon, the extragenital involvement canoccur via the lymphatic or hematogenous route to regional lymph nodes, skin, subcutaneous tissue, nasal and oral mucosa,as well as the central nervous system. When the location of the tumor is genital the clinical diagnosis can be conclusive,however if it presents extragenital forms, cytological or histopathological studies are necessary for the confirmation. Thiswork describes a case of TVT with cutaneous metastasis in a female dog with leishmaniasis.Case: A 3-year-old crossbred female dog was attended at the Small Animal Medical Clinic (CMPA) of the UniversityVeterinary Hospital (HVU) of the Federal University of West Bahia (UFOB), Barra Multidisciplinary Center. This neuteredbitch dewormed, never vaccinated, rescued from the streets at the age of two and a half, had a prior history of ehrlichiosisand pyometra. The owner reported apathy, anorexia, cachexia, depression and sternal decubitus of the animal, as wellas episodes of vomiting and recurrent fever. During the physical examination were observed respiratory and heart rateswithin normality ranges, with predominance of slightly pale mucous membranes, reactive left prescapular lymph node andsubcutaneous nodular mass, not adhered to the musculature, located in the medial portion of the thirteenth left rib. Werealso evidenced onychogryphosis, opaque, shineless and brittle fur, with pruritic and lichenified exfoliative dermatitis inthe left scapular region, ear tips and snout, presence of a discreet quantity of brownish-colored vulvar discharge with aputrid odor. In the cytological examination, was verified the presence of cells with characteristics of TVT located in thegenital mucosa, developing atypical...

Transmissible Venereal Tumor associated with cutaneous metastasis and leishmaniasis in a bitch

Background: The Transmissible Venereal Tumor (TVT) is a round cell neoplasia, of contagious nature, common in the canine species, which mainly affects external genitalia. Despite metastasis being uncommon, the extragenital involvement canoccur via the lymphatic or hematogenous route to regional lymph nodes, skin, subcutaneous tissue, nasal and oral mucosa,as well as the central nervous system. When the location of the tumor is genital the clinical diagnosis can be conclusive,however if it presents extragenital forms, cytological or histopathological studies are necessary for the confirmation. Thiswork describes a case of TVT with cutaneous metastasis in a female dog with leishmaniasis.Case: A 3-year-old crossbred female dog was attended at the Small Animal Medical Clinic (CMPA) of the UniversityVeterinary Hospital (HVU) of the Federal University of West Bahia (UFOB), Barra Multidisciplinary Center. This neuteredbitch dewormed, never vaccinated, rescued from the streets at the age of two and a half, had a prior history of ehrlichiosisand pyometra. The owner reported apathy, anorexia, cachexia, depression and sternal decubitus of the animal, as wellas episodes of vomiting and recurrent fever. During the physical examination were observed respiratory and heart rateswithin normality ranges, with predominance of slightly pale mucous membranes, reactive left prescapular lymph node andsubcutaneous nodular mass, not adhered to the musculature, located in the medial portion of the thirteenth left rib. Werealso evidenced onychogryphosis, opaque, shineless and brittle fur, with pruritic and lichenified exfoliative dermatitis inthe left scapular region, ear tips and snout, presence of a discreet quantity of brownish-colored vulvar discharge with aputrid odor. In the cytological examination, was verified the presence of cells with characteristics of TVT located in thegenital mucosa, developing atypical...(AU)

Tricoblastoma em cão: uma análise clínica, diagnóstica e terapêutica / Trichoblastoma in a dog: a clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic analysis

Background: Trichoblastoma is a rare skin neoplasm derived from the primitive hair follicle, having epithelial and mesenchymal components. Despite being commonly described as a benign tumor, there are reports in the literature of tumors with characteristics of malignant neoplasia. It affects adult dogs and cats, with no predilection for sex. Although rare, in studies in Brazil the pathology shows variable rates of occurrence. This work describes a case of tricoblastoma in a 4-year-old mixed breed dog, submitted to care at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Western Bahia (HVU-UFOB). Case: A 4-year-old male mixed breed dog with 7 kg of body weight, was referred to the HVU-UFOB. The main complaint reported by the canine’s tutor was an increase in volume in the region of the animal’s face, which evolved slowly, associated with itching, bleeding and sensitivity to touch. During the physical examination, a round, elevated mass was observed in the subcutaneous tissue of the left face, in the mandible region, with local alopecia. On palpation, the neoformation showed a firm consistency, well-defined and fluctuating, with no solutions for continuity or discomfort to touch. The animal’s physiological parameters were within the normal for the species. CBC, chest X-rays, abdominal ultrasound and aspiration cytology of the mass were requested. The blood count and image tests did not reveal any changes. On cytological examination, small, grouped basal epithelial cells were observed, characterized by a high nucleus-cytoplasm ratio, monomorphic nuclei and intensely basophilic and pigmented cytoplasm, a suggestive diagnosis of basal cell tumor. Due to the findings, an excisional biopsy of the mass was performed, with margins of 2 cm. The mass with its margins was sent for histopathological examination at the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the HVU...

Tricoblastoma em cão: uma análise clínica, diagnóstica e terapêutica / Trichoblastoma in a dog: a clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic analysis

Background: Trichoblastoma is a rare skin neoplasm derived from the primitive hair follicle, having epithelial and mesenchymal components. Despite being commonly described as a benign tumor, there are reports in the literature of tumors with characteristics of malignant neoplasia. It affects adult dogs and cats, with no predilection for sex. Although rare, in studies in Brazil the pathology shows variable rates of occurrence. This work describes a case of tricoblastoma in a 4-year-old mixed breed dog, submitted to care at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Western Bahia (HVU-UFOB). Case: A 4-year-old male mixed breed dog with 7 kg of body weight, was referred to the HVU-UFOB. The main complaint reported by the canines tutor was an increase in volume in the region of the animals face, which evolved slowly, associated with itching, bleeding and sensitivity to touch. During the physical examination, a round, elevated mass was observed in the subcutaneous tissue of the left face, in the mandible region, with local alopecia. On palpation, the neoformation showed a firm consistency, well-defined and fluctuating, with no solutions for continuity or discomfort to touch. The animals physiological parameters were within the normal for the species. CBC, chest X-rays, abdominal ultrasound and aspiration cytology of the mass were requested. The blood count and image tests did not reveal any changes. On cytological examination, small, grouped basal epithelial cells were observed, characterized by a high nucleus-cytoplasm ratio, monomorphic nuclei and intensely basophilic and pigmented cytoplasm, a suggestive diagnosis of basal cell tumor. Due to the findings, an excisional biopsy of the mass was performed, with margins of 2 cm. The mass with its margins was sent for histopathological examination at the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the HVU...(AU)