Meta-analysis of the therapeutic use of dipyrone in dogs: pharmacological effects and clinical safety / Meta-análise do uso terapêutico da dipirona em cães: efeitos farmacológicos e segurança clínica

Dipyrone (metamizole) is well-known for its powerful effect with central and peripheral activity. This meta-analysis involved articles published between 1973 and 2021, revealing that Brazil is the country which most published scientific articles relating the use of dipyrone in dogs, and this drug is widely recommended as an analgesic to control pain in cases of postoperative and cancer. Dipyrone is one of the favorite drugs used in small animal clinic in Brazil, and 12 commercial brands are available to use in dogs at doses among 25 to 50mg/kg for oral, intravenous and intramuscular administration. The effects of dipyrone may be potentiated when used in combination with other analgesic agents such as tramadol. In several studies, the occurrence of vomiting has been observed as an adverse effect, especially when the drug is used during surgical procedures, but metamizole has presented a low potential to cause gastric ulceration. The meta-analysis study of the use of dipyrone in dogs shows the clinical importance of this drug in Brazil, being an effective and safe medication, as long as it is used in the indicated dose of 25 mg/kg.

A dipirona (metamizol) é bem conhecida por seu poderoso efeito com atividade central e periférica. Esta meta-nálise envolveu estudos publicados entre os anos de 1973 a 2021, revelando que o Brasil é o país que mais publicou artigos científicos envolvendo o uso de dipirona em cães, sendo este fármaco amplamente recomendado como analgésico para controlar a dor em casos de câncer e dor pós-operatória. É um dos medicamentos preferidos da clínica médica de pequenos animais no Brasil. 12 marcas comerciais estão disponíveis para uso em cães em doses que variam de 25 a 50g para administração oral, intravenosa e intramuscular. Os efeitos da dipirona podem ser potencializados quando usada em combinação com outros analgésicos, como o tramadol. Em vários estudos, a ocorrência de vômito tem sido observada como efeito adverso, principalmente quando o medicamento é usado durante procedimentos cirúrgicos, mas tem baixo potencial para causar ulceração gástrica. O estudo de meta-análise do uso de dipirona em cães evidencia a importância do uso clínico deste fármaco no Brasil, sendo um medicamento eficaz e seguro para cães, desde que utilizada na dose indicada de 25 mg / kg.

Meta-analysis of the therapeutic use of dipyrone in dogs: pharmacological effects and clinical safety / Meta-análise do uso terapêutico da dipirona em cães: efeitos farmacológicos e segurança clínica

Dipyrone (metamizole) is well-known for its powerful effect with central and peripheral activity. This meta-analysis involved articles published between 1973 and 2021, revealing that Brazil is the country which most published scientific articles relating the use of dipyrone in dogs, and this drug is widely recommended as an analgesic to control pain in cases of postoperative and cancer. Dipyrone is one of the favorite drugs used in small animal clinic in Brazil, and 12 commercial brands are available to use in dogs at doses among 25 to 50mg/kg for oral, intravenous and intramuscular administration. The effects of dipyrone may be potentiated when used in combination with other analgesic agents such as tramadol. In several studies, the occurrence of vomiting has been observed as an adverse effect, especially when the drug is used during surgical procedures, but metamizole has presented a low potential to cause gastric ulceration. The meta-analysis study of the use of dipyrone in dogs shows the clinical importance of this drug in Brazil, being an effective and safe medication, as long as it is used in the indicated dose of 25 mg/kg.(AU)

A dipirona (metamizol) é bem conhecida por seu poderoso efeito com atividade central e periférica. Esta meta-nálise envolveu estudos publicados entre os anos de 1973 a 2021, revelando que o Brasil é o país que mais publicou artigos científicos envolvendo o uso de dipirona em cães, sendo este fármaco amplamente recomendado como analgésico para controlar a dor em casos de câncer e dor pós-operatória. É um dos medicamentos preferidos da clínica médica de pequenos animais no Brasil. 12 marcas comerciais estão disponíveis para uso em cães em doses que variam de 25 a 50g para administração oral, intravenosa e intramuscular. Os efeitos da dipirona podem ser potencializados quando usada em combinação com outros analgésicos, como o tramadol. Em vários estudos, a ocorrência de vômito tem sido observada como efeito adverso, principalmente quando o medicamento é usado durante procedimentos cirúrgicos, mas tem baixo potencial para causar ulceração gástrica. O estudo de meta-análise do uso de dipirona em cães evidencia a importância do uso clínico deste fármaco no Brasil, sendo um medicamento eficaz e seguro para cães, desde que utilizada na dose indicada de 25 mg / kg.(AU)

Pharmacological screening of mucus produced by the pacamã fish, Lophiosilurus alexandri / Triagem farmacológica de muco produzido pelo pacamã, Lophiosilurus alexandri

Recently, fish byproducts have been appraised as a source of structurally diverse bioactive compounds. In this context, fish mucus has revealed a myriad of pharmacological activities. This study describes a new bioactive molecule release system composed of protein nanoparticles from pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri) mucus, an endemic fish to the São Francisco River (Brazil). The process of obtaining and applying these nanoparticles, composed of proteins present in the pacamã mucus, as biocompatible carriers of bioactive molecules is also addressed herein. Therefore, the external mucus of the fish was collected, lyophilized and hydrated in deionized water containing the template molecule. After pH adjustment to 7.5, followed by sonication and centrifugation, the formed nanoparticles were collected in the supernatant. Additionally, the mucus and the particles were characterized, and pharmacological effects were evaluated regarding their antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, anti or pro-inflammatory and antinociceptive proprieties. NP-Mucus did not exhibit antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus. However, it showed potential effects against Candida albicans with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 µg/mL, and significant pro-inflammatory role, reflected by cellular recruitment activity and healing effects. Therefore, future studies are now needed in order to identify specific compounds in NP-mucus responsible for the observed effects in order to provide new pharmacological and therapeutic strategies.

Recentemente, os subprodutos de peixes foram avaliados como uma fonte de compostos bioativos estruturalmente diversos. Nesse contexto, o muco dos peixes revelou uma miríade de atividades farmacológicas. Este estudo descreve um novo sistema de liberação de moléculas bioativas compostas por nanopartículas de proteínas do muco do pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri), um peixe do Rio São Francisco (Brasil). O processo de obtenção e aplicação dessas nanopartículas, compostas por proteínas presentes no muco do pacamã, como carreadores biocompatíveis de moléculas bioativas também são abordados neste artigo. Para tanto, o muco externo dos peixes foi coletado, liofilizado e hidratado em água deionizada contendo a molécula template. Após ajuste do pH para 7,5, seguido de sonicação e centrifugação, as nanopartículas formadas foram coletadas no sobrenadante. Adicionalmente, foram caracterizados o muco e as partículas, sendo avaliados os efeitos farmacológicos quanto às propriedades antifúngicas, antibacterianas, anticancerígenas, anti ou pró-inflamatórias e antinociceptivas. NP-Mucus não exibiu atividade antibacteriana contra Pseudomonas aeruginosa ou Staphylococcus aureus. No entanto, apresentou efeitos potenciais contra Candida albicans com concentração inibitória mínima (MIC) de 1 µg/mL, além de importante papel próinflamatório, refletido pela atividade de recrutamento celular e efeitos cicatrizantes. Portanto, estudos são necessários para identificar compostos no NP-muco responsáveis pelos efeitos observados, a fim de fornecer novas estratégias farmacológicas e terapêuticas.

Pharmacological screening of mucus produced by the pacamã fish, Lophiosilurus alexandri / Triagem farmacológica de muco produzido pelo pacamã, Lophiosilurus alexandri

Recently, fish byproducts have been appraised as a source of structurally diverse bioactive compounds. In this context, fish mucus has revealed a myriad of pharmacological activities. This study describes a new bioactive molecule release system composed of protein nanoparticles from pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri) mucus, an endemic fish to the São Francisco River (Brazil). The process of obtaining and applying these nanoparticles, composed of proteins present in the pacamã mucus, as biocompatible carriers of bioactive molecules is also addressed herein. Therefore, the external mucus of the fish was collected, lyophilized and hydrated in deionized water containing the template molecule. After pH adjustment to 7.5, followed by sonication and centrifugation, the formed nanoparticles were collected in the supernatant. Additionally, the mucus and the particles were characterized, and pharmacological effects were evaluated regarding their antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, anti or pro-inflammatory and antinociceptive proprieties. NP-Mucus did not exhibit antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus. However, it showed potential effects against Candida albicans with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 µg/mL, and significant pro-inflammatory role, reflected by cellular recruitment activity and healing effects. Therefore, future studies are now needed in order to identify specific compounds in NP-mucus responsible for the observed effects in order to provide new pharmacological and therapeutic strategies.(AU)

Recentemente, os subprodutos de peixes foram avaliados como uma fonte de compostos bioativos estruturalmente diversos. Nesse contexto, o muco dos peixes revelou uma miríade de atividades farmacológicas. Este estudo descreve um novo sistema de liberação de moléculas bioativas compostas por nanopartículas de proteínas do muco do pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri), um peixe do Rio São Francisco (Brasil). O processo de obtenção e aplicação dessas nanopartículas, compostas por proteínas presentes no muco do pacamã, como carreadores biocompatíveis de moléculas bioativas também são abordados neste artigo. Para tanto, o muco externo dos peixes foi coletado, liofilizado e hidratado em água deionizada contendo a molécula template. Após ajuste do pH para 7,5, seguido de sonicação e centrifugação, as nanopartículas formadas foram coletadas no sobrenadante. Adicionalmente, foram caracterizados o muco e as partículas, sendo avaliados os efeitos farmacológicos quanto às propriedades antifúngicas, antibacterianas, anticancerígenas, anti ou pró-inflamatórias e antinociceptivas. NP-Mucus não exibiu atividade antibacteriana contra Pseudomonas aeruginosa ou Staphylococcus aureus. No entanto, apresentou efeitos potenciais contra Candida albicans com concentração inibitória mínima (MIC) de 1 µg/mL, além de importante papel próinflamatório, refletido pela atividade de recrutamento celular e efeitos cicatrizantes. Portanto, estudos são necessários para identificar compostos no NP-muco responsáveis pelos efeitos observados, a fim de fornecer novas estratégias farmacológicas e terapêuticas.(AU)

META-ANALYSIS OF THE THERAPEUTIC USE OF DIPYRONE IN DOGS: PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND CLINICAL SAFETY

Dipyrone (metamizole) is well-known for its powerful effect with central and peripheral activity. This meta-analysis involved articles published between 1973 and 2021, revealing that Brazil is the country which most published scientific articles relating the use of dipyrone in dogs, and this drug is widely recommended as an analgesic to control pain in cases of postoperative and cancer. Dipyrone is one of the favorite drugs used in small animal clinic in Brazil, and 12 commercial brands are available to use in dogs at doses among 25 to 50mg/kg for oral, intravenous and intramuscular administration. The effects of dipyrone may be potentiated when used in combination with other analgesic agents such as tramadol. In several studies, the occurrence of vomiting has been observed as an adverse effect, especially when the drug is used during surgical procedures, but metamizole has presented a low potential to cause gastric ulceration. The meta-analysis study of the use of dipyrone in dogs shows the clinical importance of this drug in Brazil, being an effective and safe medication, as long as it is used in the indicated dose of 25 mg/kg.

PHARMACOLOGICAL SCREENING OF MUCUS PRODUCED BY THE PACAMÃ FISH, Lophiosilurus alexandri

Recently, fish byproducts have been appraised as a source of structurally diverse bioactive compounds. In this context, fish mucus has revealed a myriad of pharmacological activities. This study describes a new bioactive molecule release system composed of protein nanoparticles from pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri) mucus, an endemic fish to the São Francisco River (Brazil). The process of obtaining and applying these nanoparticles, composed of proteins present in the pacamã mucus, as biocompatible carriers of bioactive molecules is also addressed herein. Therefore, the external mucus of the fish was collected, lyophilized and hydrated in deionized water containing the template molecule. After pH adjustment to 7.5, followed by sonication and centrifugation, the formed nanoparticles were collected in the supernatant. Additionally, the mucus and the particles were characterized, and pharmacological effects were evaluated regarding their antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, anti or pro-inflammatory and antinociceptive proprieties. NP-Mucus did not exhibit antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus. However, it showed potential effects against Candida albicans with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 µg/mL, and significant pro-inflammatory role, reflected by cellular recruitment activity and healing effects. Therefore, future studies a