Dioctophyme renale in wandering dogs in Pelotas, South of Brasil / Dioctophyme renale em cães errantes no município de Pelotas, Sul do Brasil

Abstract This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Dioctophyme renale in stray dogs in the city of Pelotas, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas received 146 wandering dogs for necropsy, sent by the City Hall of Pelotas from March 2012 to January 2020. Among the necropsied animals, seventeen dogs (11.64%) were diagnosed with dioctophymosis. Among these dogs, 11 were parasitized with one specimen in the right kidney, two dogs presented two specimens in the right kidney, and in other two dogs, the parasites were in the abdominal cavity. In one dog, two parasites were found in the left kidney; in another dog, both kidneys were parasitized, with two parasites in the right kidney and one in the left kidney. The data obtained in this study showed that the occurrence of D. renale in stray dogs in the city of Pelotas is high, and D. renale mainly parasitizes the right kidney.

Resumo Este trabalho possui como objetivo verificar a ocorrência de D. renale em cães errantes do município de Pelotas, no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Universidade Federal de Pelotas recebeu 146 cães errantes para necropsia, encaminhados pela Prefeitura Municipal de Pelotas, no período de março de 2012 a janeiro de 2020. Dentre os cães necropsiados, 17 animais foram diagnosticados com dioctofimose, determinando uma ocorrência de 11,64%. Desses animais, onze estavam parasitados com um exemplar no rim direito, dois animais possuíam dois exemplares no rim direito. Em dois animais, os parasitas estavam na cavidade abdominal; em um animal havia, dois parasitas no rim esquerdo e noutro animal os dois rins estavam parasitados, tendo dois exemplares no rim direito e um exemplar no rim esquerdo. Os dados obtidos neste trabalho permitem concluir que é elevada a ocorrência de D. renale nos cães errantes do município de Pelotas, parasitando principalmente o rim direito.

Mediastinal extraskeletal osteosarcoma in a canine with pulmonary and cerebral metastasis

Background: Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (EOS), a rare variant of osteosarcoma (OS), is a malignant neoplasm that develops insoft tissues without primary bone involvement. This study aims to describe a case of EOS with a mediastinal location in a canine.Case: A 10-year-old male Uruguayan Cimarron dog, was presented to the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdadede Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD/FV/UFPel) for necropsy. The dog had a history of submandibularswelling, progressive hind limb paralysis, muscle atrophy, and breathing difficulties. During necropsy, in the thoracic cavity,approximately 900 mL of serosanguinous exudate and a reddish-brown, bossed mediastinal mass measuring 15.0 cm in thelongest axis were also noted. The lung exhibited multifocal to coalescent, white, firm nodules extending from the pleurato the parenchyma and measuring up to 4.5 cm in diameter. In the parietal and occipital region of the brain, a matte winemass measuring 2.3 cm in the longest axis was observed. Fragments of the neoplastic mass, organs of the abdominal andthoracic cavities, and the brain were harvested and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After 48 h, the samples were routinelyprocessed, incorporated in paraffin, cut into 3 µm-thick sections, and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE). Selectedsections of the neoplasm, the lung, and the brain were subjected to Von Kossa staining and immunohistochemical (IHC)analysis. For IHC, primary anti-cytokeratin monoclonal antibodies (clone AE1 / AE3, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100 dilution, vimentin (clone V9, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100 dilution, S100 Protein (clone 15E2E2, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100dilution, and Ki67 (SP6 clone, BioCare Medical) at a 1:50 dilution were used. Immunostaining ...

Mediastinal extraskeletal osteosarcoma in a canine with pulmonary and cerebral metastasis

Background: Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (EOS), a rare variant of osteosarcoma (OS), is a malignant neoplasm that develops insoft tissues without primary bone involvement. This study aims to describe a case of EOS with a mediastinal location in a canine.Case: A 10-year-old male Uruguayan Cimarron dog, was presented to the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdadede Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD/FV/UFPel) for necropsy. The dog had a history of submandibularswelling, progressive hind limb paralysis, muscle atrophy, and breathing difficulties. During necropsy, in the thoracic cavity,approximately 900 mL of serosanguinous exudate and a reddish-brown, bossed mediastinal mass measuring 15.0 cm in thelongest axis were also noted. The lung exhibited multifocal to coalescent, white, firm nodules extending from the pleurato the parenchyma and measuring up to 4.5 cm in diameter. In the parietal and occipital region of the brain, a matte winemass measuring 2.3 cm in the longest axis was observed. Fragments of the neoplastic mass, organs of the abdominal andthoracic cavities, and the brain were harvested and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After 48 h, the samples were routinelyprocessed, incorporated in paraffin, cut into 3 µm-thick sections, and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE). Selectedsections of the neoplasm, the lung, and the brain were subjected to Von Kossa staining and immunohistochemical (IHC)analysis. For IHC, primary anti-cytokeratin monoclonal antibodies (clone AE1 / AE3, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100 dilution, vimentin (clone V9, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100 dilution, S100 Protein (clone 15E2E2, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100dilution, and Ki67 (SP6 clone, BioCare Medical) at a 1:50 dilution were used. Immunostaining ...(AU)

Raiva paralítica em suíno no Rio Grande do Sul / Paralytic rabies in swine at Rio Grande do Sul

A raiva é uma doença infecciosa, potencialmente zoonótica, de distribuição mundial que afeta mamíferos domésticos, silvestres e humanos. Na América do Sul a raiva paralítica ocorre na forma de surtos cíclicos e é transmitida por morcegos hematófagos, principalmente o Desmodus rotundus. É uma doença responsável por prejuízos econômicos na pecuária, além de apresentar importância para a saúde pública. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de raiva suína diagnosticado no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, da Faculdade de Veterinária, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. O caso ocorreu em uma propriedade localizada no município do Capão do Leão em um suíno, fêmea, sem raça definida, de dois anos de idade, criada em regime semiextensivo. Segundo o proprietário o animal apresentou apatia, anorexia, paralisia progressiva e decúbito lateral. Devido a evolução do quadro clínico foi realizada a eutanásia. Na necropsia não foram observadas lesões significativas. No exame histopatológico do encéfalo observou-se meningoencefalite não supurativa, manguito perivascular de linfócitos e raros eosinófilos, além de satelitose e gliose. Fragmentos do encéfalo e medula foram submetidos ao exame de Imunofluorescência Direta e prova biológica, confirmando o diagnóstico de raiva.

Rabies is a potentially zoonotic infectious disease with worldwide distribution that affects domestic, wild and human mammals. In South America, paralytic rabies occurs in the form of cyclic outbreaks and is transmitted by hematophagous bats, mainly Desmodus rotundus. It is a disease responsible for economic losses in livestock, besides of presenting importance to public health. This paper aims to report a case of swine rabies diagnosed at the Laboratório Regional de Diagnostico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. The case occurred in a property located in the county of Capão do Leão in a female pig, twoyear-old, undefined breed, raised in a semi-extensive regime. According to the owner, the animal presented apathy, anorexia, progressive paralysis and lateral decubitus. Due to the evolution of the clinical condition, euthanasia was performed. At necropsy no significant lesions were observed. Histopathological examination of the brain showed non-suppurative meningoencephalitis, perivascular cuff of lymphocytes and rare eosinophils, as well as satelitosis and gliosis. Brain and spinal cord fragments were submitted to Direct Immunofluorescence and biological tests, confirming the diagnosis of rabies.

Intoxicação espontânea por brotos de Xanthium spp. em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul / Spontaneous poisoning by sprouts of Xanthium spp. in cattle in southern Rio Grande do Sul

Background: Xanthium spp., the cockleburs, are invasive plants found on riverbanks, lakeshores, and floodplains. Ingestion of Xanthium sprouts or fruit causes cocklebur toxicosis, which is characterized clinically and pathologically by acuteliver failure. The main lesion observed is an accentuation of the lobular pattern of the liver (nutmeg appearance), whichis microscopically characterized by coagulation necrosis in the centrilobular region, hepatocyte degeneration in otherregions of the hepatic parenchyma, and sinusoidal congestion. The objective of this study was to describe an outbreak ofspontaneous cattle poisoning by ingestion of Xanthium spp. sprouts in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Case: In September 2018, a beef cattle farm located in Rio Grande county, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, reported significantmortality of cattle in a short period of time. There were 700 cattle on the property, divided by class into three differentherds, all kept under extensive conditions in native wetlands. All fields were heavily infested by cocklebur, with mostplants in the budding stage. Twenty animals developed muscle tremors, salivation, aggression, and recumbency. Theclinical course lasted 24 to 48 h, with a lethal outcome in all cases. An 18-month-old male crossbreed bovine was sent tothe Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) School of Veterinary Medicine fornecropsy. Gross examination revealed ascites and accentuation of the lobular pattern of the liver. Organ fragments wereharvested and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. Microscopically, the liver exhibited marked coagulation necrosis in thecentrilobular region and vacuolization of the hepatocyte cytoplasm in the midzonal and periportal regions. In the brain,there was perineuronal edema, cytoplasmic shrinkage and basophilia, gliosis, and satellitosis...

Mieloma múltiplo em felino / Multiple myeloma in a feline

Background: Multiple myelomas (MM) are malignant neoplasms originating in the bone marrow plasmacytes, and are characterized by the presence of persistent hyperglobulinemia. Although they are rarely found in domestic animals, the canine species is most affected. In felines, they represent less than 1% of hematopoietic neoplasms, and mainly occur in older animals aged 10-12 years. The aim of the present study was to report a case of multiple myeloma, with extramedullary plasmocytosis in a feline. Case: A 3-year-old feline, female, mixed breed, with a history of apathy, anorexia, halitosis, and vomiting was referred to the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD) at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). Oral examination revealed a cyanotic oral mucosa and ulcerative lesions on the gingiva. The necropsy showed generalized lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, and hemorrhagic diathesis. Organ fragments were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After 48 h, the samples were cleaved, embedded in paraffin, and stained using the routine hematoxylin and eosin technique. Selected sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the streptavidin-biotin method. The CD79a, CD138, CD3, and MUM1 antibodies were used. Histopathological evaluation of the bone marrow revealed hypercellularity with predominant round pleomorphic cells (90%), which presented an eccentric basophilic nucleus and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The same neoplastic cells infiltrated the gingival mucosa, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, and brain. The IHC showed positive immunostaining for MUM1 and CD138 antibodies. Discussion: The diagnosis of MM in the present study was based on histopathology and by IHC. According to the literature, the presence of neoplastic plasmocytes in the bone marrow (>20%)...

Mieloma múltiplo em felino / Multiple myeloma in a feline

Background: Multiple myelomas (MM) are malignant neoplasms originating in the bone marrow plasmacytes, and are characterized by the presence of persistent hyperglobulinemia. Although they are rarely found in domestic animals, the canine species is most affected. In felines, they represent less than 1% of hematopoietic neoplasms, and mainly occur in older animals aged 10-12 years. The aim of the present study was to report a case of multiple myeloma, with extramedullary plasmocytosis in a feline. Case: A 3-year-old feline, female, mixed breed, with a history of apathy, anorexia, halitosis, and vomiting was referred to the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD) at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). Oral examination revealed a cyanotic oral mucosa and ulcerative lesions on the gingiva. The necropsy showed generalized lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, and hemorrhagic diathesis. Organ fragments were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After 48 h, the samples were cleaved, embedded in paraffin, and stained using the routine hematoxylin and eosin technique. Selected sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the streptavidin-biotin method. The CD79a, CD138, CD3, and MUM1 antibodies were used. Histopathological evaluation of the bone marrow revealed hypercellularity with predominant round pleomorphic cells (90%), which presented an eccentric basophilic nucleus and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The same neoplastic cells infiltrated the gingival mucosa, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, and brain. The IHC showed positive immunostaining for MUM1 and CD138 antibodies. Discussion: The diagnosis of MM in the present study was based on histopathology and by IHC. According to the literature, the presence of neoplastic plasmocytes in the bone marrow (>20%)...(AU)

Intoxicação espontânea por brotos de Xanthium spp. em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul / Spontaneous poisoning by sprouts of Xanthium spp. in cattle in southern Rio Grande do Sul

Background: Xanthium spp., the cockleburs, are invasive plants found on riverbanks, lakeshores, and floodplains. Ingestion of Xanthium sprouts or fruit causes cocklebur toxicosis, which is characterized clinically and pathologically by acuteliver failure. The main lesion observed is an accentuation of the lobular pattern of the liver (nutmeg appearance), whichis microscopically characterized by coagulation necrosis in the centrilobular region, hepatocyte degeneration in otherregions of the hepatic parenchyma, and sinusoidal congestion. The objective of this study was to describe an outbreak ofspontaneous cattle poisoning by ingestion of Xanthium spp. sprouts in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Case: In September 2018, a beef cattle farm located in Rio Grande county, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, reported significantmortality of cattle in a short period of time. There were 700 cattle on the property, divided by class into three differentherds, all kept under extensive conditions in native wetlands. All fields were heavily infested by cocklebur, with mostplants in the budding stage. Twenty animals developed muscle tremors, salivation, aggression, and recumbency. Theclinical course lasted 24 to 48 h, with a lethal outcome in all cases. An 18-month-old male crossbreed bovine was sent tothe Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) School of Veterinary Medicine fornecropsy. Gross examination revealed ascites and accentuation of the lobular pattern of the liver. Organ fragments wereharvested and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. Microscopically, the liver exhibited marked coagulation necrosis in thecentrilobular region and vacuolization of the hepatocyte cytoplasm in the midzonal and periportal regions. In the brain,there was perineuronal edema, cytoplasmic shrinkage and basophilia, gliosis, and satellitosis...(AU)

Raiva paralítica em suíno no Rio Grande do Sul / Paralytic rabies in swine at Rio Grande do Sul

A raiva é uma doença infecciosa, potencialmente zoonótica, de distribuição mundial que afeta mamíferos domésticos, silvestres e humanos. Na América do Sul a raiva paralítica ocorre na forma de surtos cíclicos e é transmitida por morcegos hematófagos, principalmente o Desmodus rotundus. É uma doença responsável por prejuízos econômicos na pecuária, além de apresentar importância para a saúde pública. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de raiva suína diagnosticado no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, da Faculdade de Veterinária, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. O caso ocorreu em uma propriedade localizada no município do Capão do Leão em um suíno, fêmea, sem raça definida, de dois anos de idade, criada em regime semiextensivo. Segundo o proprietário o animal apresentou apatia, anorexia, paralisia progressiva e decúbito lateral. Devido a evolução do quadro clínico foi realizada a eutanásia. Na necropsia não foram observadas lesões significativas. No exame histopatológico do encéfalo observou-se meningoencefalite não supurativa, manguito perivascular de linfócitos e raros eosinófilos, além de satelitose e gliose. Fragmentos do encéfalo e medula foram submetidos ao exame de Imunofluorescência Direta e prova biológica, confirmando o diagnóstico de raiva.(AU)

Rabies is a potentially zoonotic infectious disease with worldwide distribution that affects domestic, wild and human mammals. In South America, paralytic rabies occurs in the form of cyclic outbreaks and is transmitted by hematophagous bats, mainly Desmodus rotundus. It is a disease responsible for economic losses in livestock, besides of presenting importance to public health. This paper aims to report a case of swine rabies diagnosed at the Laboratório Regional de Diagnostico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. The case occurred in a property located in the county of Capão do Leão in a female pig, twoyear-old, undefined breed, raised in a semi-extensive regime. According to the owner, the animal presented apathy, anorexia, progressive paralysis and lateral decubitus. Due to the evolution of the clinical condition, euthanasia was performed. At necropsy no significant lesions were observed. Histopathological examination of the brain showed non-suppurative meningoencephalitis, perivascular cuff of lymphocytes and rare eosinophils, as well as satelitosis and gliosis. Brain and spinal cord fragments were submitted to Direct Immunofluorescence and biological tests, confirming the diagnosis of rabies.(AU)

Clinical, hematological and histopathological aspects of experimental induction of laminitis in cattle through lipopolysaccharide infusion / Aspectos clínicos, hematológicos e histopatológicos da indução experimental por lipopolissacarídeos de laminite em bovinos

The purpose of this research was to confirm the changes occurring in the foot system of the heifers challenged with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), at the clinical, serum and histological levels. We studied 16 clinically healthy heifers, 14 months of age, placed in a confinement system. All the animals were provided with an accelerometer collar to establish their activity. They were categorized into two groups: the LPS group (n=8), or those which were administered two intravenous applications of 2 mL containing 0.5 g/kg of body weight of LPS, with a 24-hour interval and the Control group (n=8) which were given two infusions of 2 mL of saline solution in the same time interval. General clinical examination and blood collection were done at 0, 4 and 8 hours post the LPS challenges and analyses of the hemograms and paroxonese-1 were performed. The animals were then slaughtered on day 4 and the laminar tissue was collected for histological analysis. The LPS group revealed a lower total leukocyte count with heart rate and greater activity. None of the animals revealed any abnormal signs symptomatic of foot pathology after histological analysis. Hence, the challenge with LPS failed to induce any clinical and histological changes in the foot tissue compatible with laminitis.(AU)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar alterações do sistema podal á nível clínico, hematológico e histológico de animais desafiados com lipopolissacarídeo (LPS). Foram utilizadas 16 novilhas de corte com 14 meses de idade, clinicamente saudáveis, em sistema de confinamento. Todos os animais continham uma coleira com acelerômetro para verificar atividade, sendo divididos em 2 grupos: LPS (n= 8), que recebeu duas aplicações de 2 mL contendo 0,5 g/kg de peso corporal de LPS via intravenosa, com intervalo de 24 horas e Controle (n= 8) que recebeu duas aplicações de 2 mL de solução salina com o mesmo intervalo de tempo. Foram realizados exame clinico geral e coletas de sangue às 0, 4 e 8 horas após os desafios com LPS para análise de hemogramas e paroxonase-1. Os animais foram abatidos aos 5 dias sendo executada a coleta de tecido laminar para análise histológica. A análise estatística foi executada com a utilização do programa NCSS(2004) através de ANOVA-medidas repetidas, considerando o efeito do tratamento do período e sua interação (tratamento*horas), sendo considerados significativos valores de P 0,05. O grupo LPS apresentou superior contagem total de leucócitos com maior frequência cardíaca e atividade. Nenhum animal apresentou sinal de anormalidade compatível com laminite através da análise histológica. Entretanto, o desafio com LPS foi capaz de gerar alterações a nível clínico, constatado pelas alterações nos parâmetros de frequência cardíaca, respiratória e temperatura corporal, além de mudanças no leucograma.(AU)

Melanoma anaplásico em equino de pelagem tordilha com metástase em osso e músculo / Anaplasic melanoma in equine of hair tissue with metastase in bone and muscle

Melanomas são neoplasias cutâneas, com origem em melanócitos. Estes neoplasmas são denominados como lesões melanocíticas e são classificados como nevo melanocítico, melanoma anaplásico e melanoma dérmico. Em equinos são mais frequentes em animais de pelagem tordilha. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de melanoma anaplásico, em um equino de pelagem tordilha encaminhado ao Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD), da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). No exame externo do cadáver foram observadas massas enegrecidas, sólidas, multilobuladas na região ventral da cauda, períneo e lábio superior. Na necropsia, foram observadas massas com as mesmas características nos linfonodos, músculos dos membros posteriores e no côndilo do osso occipital. Na avaliação histopatológica, de todos os tecidos, observou-se a proliferação de células com núcleos arredondados e abundante citoplasma, contendo grande quantidade de grânulos de melanina. Mitoses eram frequentes e havia acentuado pleomorfismo celular. Com base nos achados macroscópicos e microscópicos foi diagnosticado melanoma anaplásico.

Melanomas are cutaneous neoplasms, originating in melanocytes. These neoplasms are referred to as melanocytic lesions, and are classified as melanocytic nevus, anaplastic melanoma and dermal melanoma. In equines, they are more frequent in animals of tordilha coat. The objective of this study was to report a case of anaplastic melanoma in a tordilha fur horse referred to the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Veterinary School of the Federal University of Pelotas. In the external examination of the cadaver, blackened, solid masses, multilobulated in the ventral region of the tail, perineum and upper lip were observed. At necropsy, there were masses with the same characteristics in lymph nodes, muscles of the hind limbs and in the condyle of the occipital bone. Histologically it was observed in all tissues, proliferation of cells with rounded nuclei, and abundant cytoplasm, containing large amount of melanin granules. Mitoses were frequent and there was marked cellular pleomorphism. Based on macroscopic and microscopic findings, anaplastic melanoma was diagnosed.

Melanoma anaplásico em equino de pelagem tordilha com metástase em osso e músculo / Anaplasic melanoma in equine of hair tissue with metastase in bone and muscle

Melanomas são neoplasias cutâneas, com origem em melanócitos. Estes neoplasmas são denominados como lesões melanocíticas e são classificados como nevo melanocítico, melanoma anaplásico e melanoma dérmico. Em equinos são mais frequentes em animais de pelagem tordilha. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de melanoma anaplásico, em um equino de pelagem tordilha encaminhado ao Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD), da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). No exame externo do cadáver foram observadas massas enegrecidas, sólidas, multilobuladas na região ventral da cauda, períneo e lábio superior. Na necropsia, foram observadas massas com as mesmas características nos linfonodos, músculos dos membros posteriores e no côndilo do osso occipital. Na avaliação histopatológica, de todos os tecidos, observou-se a proliferação de células com núcleos arredondados e abundante citoplasma, contendo grande quantidade de grânulos de melanina. Mitoses eram frequentes e havia acentuado pleomorfismo celular. Com base nos achados macroscópicos e microscópicos foi diagnosticado melanoma anaplásico.(AU)

Melanomas are cutaneous neoplasms, originating in melanocytes. These neoplasms are referred to as melanocytic lesions, and are classified as melanocytic nevus, anaplastic melanoma and dermal melanoma. In equines, they are more frequent in animals of tordilha coat. The objective of this study was to report a case of anaplastic melanoma in a tordilha fur horse referred to the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Veterinary School of the Federal University of Pelotas. In the external examination of the cadaver, blackened, solid masses, multilobulated in the ventral region of the tail, perineum and upper lip were observed. At necropsy, there were masses with the same characteristics in lymph nodes, muscles of the hind limbs and in the condyle of the occipital bone. Histologically it was observed in all tissues, proliferation of cells with rounded nuclei, and abundant cytoplasm, containing large amount of melanin granules. Mitoses were frequent and there was marked cellular pleomorphism. Based on macroscopic and microscopic findings, anaplastic melanoma was diagnosed.(AU)

Tuberculose em felinos domésticos (Felis catus) no sul do Rio Grande do Sul / Tuberculosis in domestic cats (Felis catus) in southern Rio Grande do Sul

Descrevem-se os aspectos clínico patológicos de quatro casos de tuberculose em felinos domésticos no Sul do Rio Grande do sul. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos casos diagnosticados como tuberculose em gatos necropsiados no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD/UFPel) no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2014. Em dois casos a amplificação da sequência genética IS6110 específica para Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrou que a doença era de origem humana. Os outros dois foram positivos para Mycobacterium spp. Os sinais clínicos caracterizaram-se por emagrecimento progressivo, anorexia e dispneia. As alterações macroscópicas evidenciadas eram de caquexia, aumento de volume dos linfonodos submandibulares com áreas focais de aspecto caseoso ao corte. Nos pulmões havia áreas multifocais a coalescentes amareladas de aspecto caseoso, discretamente elevadas e firmes na superfície pleural. Histologicamente havia broncopneumonia e linfadenite granulomatosas. A coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen evidenciou a presença de bacilos álcool-ácidos resistentes. Houve imunomarcação positiva para micobactéria pela técnica de imuno-histoquímica. Alerta-se para a importância da tuberculose felina como um problema de saúde pública pois gatos infectados podem servir de fonte para a disseminação das micobactérias no ambiente, além de serem sentinelas para a ocorrência da enfermidade em seres humanos.(AU)

Clinical pathological aspects of four cases of tuberculosis in domestic cats in southern Rio Grande do Sul is described. A retrospective study was conducted of cats diagnosed with tuberculosis and necropsied at the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Federal University of Pelotas (LRD/UFPel) from January 2000 to December 2014. In two cases, the amplification of genetic sequence IS6110 specific to Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrated that the disease was of human origin. The other two were positive for Mycobacterium spp. The clinical signs were characterized by progressive weight loss, anorexia, and dyspnea. The evident macroscopic changes were cachexia, swelling of submandibular lymph nodes with focal areas of caseous aspect on cut surface. The lungs had multifocal caseous areas at the pleural surface. Histologically, the cats had pneumonia and granulomatous lymphadenitis. The Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed the presence of alcohol-acid resistant bacteria. There was a positive immunostaining for mycobacteria by immunohistochemistry technique. We alert to the importance of feline tuberculosis as a public health problem, because infected cats may serve as source for dissemination of mycobacteria in the environment, and be sentinels for the occurrence of the disease in humans.(AU)

Tuberculose em felinos domésticos (Felis catus) no sul do Rio Grande do Sul / Tuberculosis in domestic cats (Felis catus) in southern Rio Grande do Sul

Descrevem-se os aspectos clínico patológicos de quatro casos de tuberculose em felinos domésticos no Sul do Rio Grande do sul. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos casos diagnosticados como tuberculose em gatos necropsiados no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD/UFPel) no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2014. Em dois casos a amplificação da sequência genética IS6110 específica para Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrou que a doença era de origem humana. Os outros dois foram positivos para Mycobacterium spp. Os sinais clínicos caracterizaram-se por emagrecimento progressivo, anorexia e dispneia. As alterações macroscópicas evidenciadas eram de caquexia, aumento de volume dos linfonodos submandibulares com áreas focais de aspecto caseoso ao corte. Nos pulmões havia áreas multifocais a coalescentes amareladas de aspecto caseoso, discretamente elevadas e firmes na superfície pleural. Histologicamente havia broncopneumonia e linfadenite granulomatosas. A coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen evidenciou a presença de bacilos álcool-ácidos resistentes. Houve imunomarcação positiva para micobactéria pela técnica de imuno-histoquímica. Alerta-se para a importância da tuberculose felina como um problema de saúde pública pois gatos infectados podem servir de fonte para a disseminação das micobactérias no ambiente, além de serem sentinelas para a ocorrência da enfermidade em seres humanos.(AU)

Clinical pathological aspects of four cases of tuberculosis in domestic cats in southern Rio Grande do Sul is described. A retrospective study was conducted of cats diagnosed with tuberculosis and necropsied at the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Federal University of Pelotas (LRD/UFPel) from January 2000 to December 2014. In two cases, the amplification of genetic sequence IS6110 specific to Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrated that the disease was of human origin. The other two were positive for Mycobacterium spp. The clinical signs were characterized by progressive weight loss, anorexia, and dyspnea. The evident macroscopic changes were cachexia, swelling of submandibular lymph nodes with focal areas of caseous aspect on cut surface. The lungs had multifocal caseous areas at the pleural surface. Histologically, the cats had pneumonia and granulomatous lymphadenitis. The Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed the presence of alcohol-acid resistant bacteria. There was a positive immunostaining for mycobacteria by immunohistochemistry technique. We alert to the importance of feline tuberculosis as a public health problem, because infected cats may serve as source for dissemination of mycobacteria in the environment, and be sentinels for the occurrence of the disease in humans.(AU)

Tuberculose em felinos domésticos (Felis catus) no sul do Rio Grande do Sul

ABSTRACT: Clinical pathological aspects of four cases of tuberculosis in domestic cats in southern Rio Grande do Sul is described. A retrospective study was conducted of cats diagnosed with tuberculosis and necropsied at the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Federal University of Pelotas (LRD/UFPel) from January 2000 to December 2014. In two cases, the amplification of genetic sequence IS6110 specific to Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrated that the disease was of human origin. The other two were positive for Mycobacterium spp. The clinical signs were characterized by progressive weight loss, anorexia, and dyspnea. The evident macroscopic changes were cachexia, swelling of submandibular lymph nodes with focal areas of caseous aspect on cut surface. The lungs had multifocal caseous areas at the pleural surface. Histologically, the cats had pneumonia and granulomatous lymphadenitis. The Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed the presence of alcohol-acid resistant bacteria. There was a positive immunostaining for mycobacteria by immunohistochemistry technique. We alert to the importance of feline tuberculosis as a public health problem, because infected cats may serve as source for dissemination of mycobacteria in the environment, and be sentinels for the occurrence of the disease in humans.

RESUMO: Descrevem-se os aspectos clínico patológicos de quatro casos de tuberculose em felinos domésticos no Sul do Rio Grande do sul. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos casos diagnosticados como tuberculose em gatos necropsiados no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD/UFPel) no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2014. Em dois casos a amplificação da sequência genética IS6110 específica para Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrou que a doença era de origem humana. Os outros dois foram positivos para Mycobacterium spp. Os sinais clínicos caracterizaram-se por emagrecimento progressivo, anorexia e dispneia. As alterações macroscópicas evidenciadas eram de caquexia, aumento de volume dos linfonodos submandibulares com áreas focais de aspecto caseoso ao corte. Nos pulmões havia áreas multifocais a coalescentes amareladas de aspecto caseoso, discretamente elevadas e firmes na superfície pleural. Histologicamente havia broncopneumonia e linfadenite granulomatosas. A coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen evidenciou a presença de bacilos álcool-ácidos resistentes. Houve imunomarcação positiva para micobactéria pela técnica de imuno-histoquímica. Alerta-se para a importância da tuberculose felina como um problema de saúde pública pois gatos infectados podem servir de fonte para a disseminação das micobactérias no ambiente, além de serem sentinelas para a ocorrência da enfermidade em seres humanos.

Aneurysm in the distal portion of the extern jugular vein in a horse / Aneurisma de porção distal da veia jugular externa em equino

Background: Aneurysm is a vascular disease that causes the partial rupture of arteries and veins and subsequent blood leakage due to the weakening of the vessels elastic middle layer. Venous aneurysms in horses are rare, but the arterial aneurysms are commonly reported. The aim of this paper is to report a rare occurrence of jugular external aneurysm in a horse and propose the inclusion this disease as a differential diagnosis, both because it is rare in this specie and invariably fatal. The medical examination showed a firm well-defined mass, painless, nonpulsatile on palpation and with no changed in the local temperature. Case: The horse was referred to the Veterinarian Hospital of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel, RS-Brazil. It was a male, Crioulo breed, 10 years old, used as stallion. The owner reported a swelling in the pectoral region that occurred after a trauma episode that had gradually grown for two years. The patient was clinically stable, and would undergo surgery extirpation for aesthetic matters. Clinical examination showed the swelling was circumscribed and centralized and it presented about 20 centimeters in diameter. The ultrasound of the pectoral area showed an anechoic structure with hyperechoic spots inside limited by an hyperechoic layer similar to a fibrous capsule. Presumptive diagnostics were of: hematoma, subcutaneous abscess, neoplasia, and [...]

Aneurysm in the distal portion of the extern jugular vein in a horse / Aneurisma de porção distal da veia jugular externa em equino

Background: Aneurysm is a vascular disease that causes the partial rupture of arteries and veins and subsequent blood leakage due to the weakening of the vessels elastic middle layer. Venous aneurysms in horses are rare, but the arterial aneurysms are commonly reported. The aim of this paper is to report a rare occurrence of jugular external aneurysm in a horse and propose the inclusion this disease as a differential diagnosis, both because it is rare in this specie and invariably fatal. The medical examination showed a firm well-defined mass, painless, nonpulsatile on palpation and with no changed in the local temperature. Case: The horse was referred to the Veterinarian Hospital of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel, RS-Brazil. It was a male, Crioulo breed, 10 years old, used as stallion. The owner reported a swelling in the pectoral region that occurred after a trauma episode that had gradually grown for two years. The patient was clinically stable, and would undergo surgery extirpation for aesthetic matters. Clinical examination showed the swelling was circumscribed and centralized and it presented about 20 centimeters in diameter. The ultrasound of the pectoral area showed an anechoic structure with hyperechoic spots inside limited by an hyperechoic layer similar to a fibrous capsule. Presumptive diagnostics were of: hematoma, subcutaneous abscess, neoplasia, and [...](AU)

Rhododendron simsii poisoning in goats in Southern Brazil / Intoxicação por Rhododendron simsii em caprinos no Sul do Brasil

This study describes the natural poisoning of goats by Rhododendron simsii in Southern Brazil. Five of eight goats died after ingesting branches of plants, which were pruned and placed near the goats. Clinical signs observed were restlessness, shrill bleating, profuse regurgitation, looking and kicking at the flank, a loss of balance, irregular gait, staggering, and opisthotonos. At necropsy or histopathology affected goats had not showed lesions. Two goats were fed with 21.5g kg-1 bw and 30g kg-1 bw of fresh leaves of R. simsii. Both goats developed signs similar to those naturally affected goats. These findings indicated that R. simsii is highly toxic and lethal to goats.(AU)

Descreve-se um surto de intoxicação espontânea por R. simsii em caprinos no sul do Brasil. Cinco de oito cabras morreram após a ingestão da planta que foi podada e colada no local onde estavam os caprinos. Os sinais clínicos caracterizam-se por excitação, balidos estridentes, regurgitação, coicear o flanco, desequilíbrio e opistótono. Não foram observadas lesões macroscópicas e histológicas nos animais necropsiados. Dois animais receberam doses de 21,5 e 30g kg-1 de folhas verdes de R. simsii. Ambos desenvolveram sinais clínicos similares aos animais intoxicados espontaneamente. Esses achados indicam que R. simsii é altamente tóxica e letal para caprinos.(AU)

Criação de bovinos em sistema silvipastoril com eucalipto: um risco para intoxicação por Ramaria flavo-brunnescens / Cattle in silvipasture system with eucalyptus: a risk for Ramaria flavo-brunnescens poisoning

O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever e discutir os aspectos epidemiológicos de surtos de intoxicação espontânea por Ramaria flavo-brunnescens em bovinos criados em sistema silvippastoril na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram diagnosticados três surtos da enfermidade entre 2011 e 2013. Em dois surtos a morbidade foi de 35 por cento e 37,4 por cento e a mortalidade foi de 36,12 por cento e 16 por cento, respectivamente. A letalidade nos surtos foi de 45,71 por cento e 96,55 por cento. O diagnóstico foi confirmado pela epidemiologia e presença do cogumelo nas áreas onde os bovinos estavam, além dos sinais clínicos e lesões macroscópicas e histológicas características. Os dados climáticos de temperatura, umidade e precipitação pluviométrica foram analisados estatisticamente; não se observou diferenças de 2007 a 2013. Não foi possível confirmar se a presença de R. flavo-brunnescens nos bosques de eucaliptos está associada a outonos chuvosos e quentes após verões secos. É provável que outros fatores estejam associados à presença do cogumelo nos bosques e à sua toxicidade. A influência do solo e a finalidade da mata plantada podem também, determinar a presença ou não do cogumelo na área. É provável que a espécie de eucalipto seja também um fator determinante para a ocorrência do cogumelo, já que em muitas matas deste gênero o vegetal R. flavo-brunnecens não ocorre. O reconhecimento do cogumelo por trabalhadores e produtores rurais e a época em que o mesmo se desenvolve nos bosques de eucalipto é fundamental para minimizar as perdas econômicas causadas pela intoxicação.(AU)

The aim of this study was to describe and discuss the epidemiological aspects of spontaneous outbreaks of poisoning by Ramaria flavo-brunnescens in cattle maintained in silvipasture system in Southern Brazil. Three outbreaks of the disease between 2011 and 2013 were diagnosed. In two outbreaks morbidity was 35 percent and 37.4 percent, and the mortality rate was 36.12 percent and 16 percent, respectively. The fatality rate in these outbreaks was 45.71 percent and 96.55 percent. The diagnosis was confirmed by the epidemiology and the presence of the mushroom in the areas where the cattle grazed, in addition to the clinical signs, gross and histological lesions. The climatic data of temperature, humidity and rainfall were statistically analyzed and no significant differences were observed between the years 2007-2013. It was not possible to confirm that the presence of R. flavo-brunnescens in eucalyptus groves is associated with rainy autumns and warm dry summers. It is likely that other factors are associated with the presence of the mushroom in the woods and its toxicity. The soil and type of forest planted may also determine the presence of the mushroom in the area. It is possible that the species of eucalyptus is also a determining factor for the occurrence of the mushroom, since in many eucalyptus forests R. flavo-brunnescens does not occur. The recognition of the mushroom by workers and farmers and the time for its development in the eucalyptus woods is essential to minimize economic losses caused by the poisoning.(AU)

Intoxicação por organofosforados em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no Rio Grande do Sul / Organophosphate poisoning in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in southern Brazil

Descreve-se um surto de intoxicação por organofosforados (ORFs) em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Os animais foram submetidos à aplicação de Expertan® pour-on (clorpirifós) na dose de 12mg/kg de peso animal para controle de infestação por piolhos e desenvolveram sinais clínicos de intoxicação em um período variável entre 7-45 dias após a exposição ao produto. Os sinais clínicos caracterizaram-se por anorexia, diarréia, salivação intensa, incoordenação motora, tremores musculares, paresia e paralisia flácida, decúbito lateral e morte. Em conseqüência da intoxicação morreram 61 búfalos de um total de 267 animais sob risco. Foram realizadas três necropsias de búfalos que morreram 24-72 horas após o início dos sinais clínicos. As lesões macroscópicas caracterizaram-se por congestão e hemorragias intestinais, enfisema e edema pulmonares. Não foram observadas alterações microscópicas significativas em nenhum dos animais. Apesar da ausência de alterações histológicas no sistema nervoso central e periférico, os achados epidemiológicos, clínicos, macroscópicos e toxicológicos sugerem o diagnóstico de neurotoxicidade tardia induzida por ORFs.(AU)

This paper describes organophosphate (ORF) poisoning in a herd of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in southern Brazil, which were treated with a single dose of 12mg/kg body weight of Expertan® pour-on (chlorpyriphos) to control ectoparasites. Clinical signs, observed 7-45 days after exposure, were diarrhea, hypersalivation, ataxia, muscular tremors, weakness of pelvic limbs, paresis and flaccid paralysis and lateral recumbence. Out of 267 buffaloes 61 died. Necropsy of three animals that died 24-72 hours after onset of clinical signs, revealed congestion and serosal hemorrhages scattered along the bowel, emphysema and edema of the lungs. No significant histopathological changes were found. Residues of chlorpyriphos were detected in liver, kidneys and nervous system of the one necropsied buffalo. Despite the absence of histological lesions in the central and peripheral nervous system, the epidemiological, clinical, gross and toxicological findings suggest delayed neurotoxicity induced by organophosphates.(AU)