Onfalocele em bezerro neonato / Omphalocele in neonate calf

Background: An omphalocele is a rare congenital malformation characterized by the protrusion of the abdominal contentsthrough the base of the umbilical cord. A defect in the midline of the abdomen results in the abdominal contents beingcovered by a membranous sac near the umbilical cord, which ultimately results in the failure of the abdominal organs toreturn to the abdominal cavity in the early gestational stages and the development of an omphalocele. This study aimed toaddress the diagnosis, medical-surgical management, and treatment for an omphalocele in a newborn calf.Case: A 2-day-old male Red Angus calf, weighing 35 kg, was referred to the HVU-UFSM. According to the owner, theanimal was born via normal delivery, had ingested milk, was alert, and had an enlarged pendulous abdomen at the umbilicus. Physical examination did not show any changes in vital functions; however, intestinal stasis was observed. Anin-depth examination revealed the presence of a round mass of tissue approximately 15 cm in diameter that was fillingthe remnant of the umbilical cord. This structure was covered by a thin, slightly dried membrane that isolated the contentsfrom the external environment. On palpation, the mass was firm and non-reducible, and an omphalocele was suspected.Given the severity of the condition, the animal immediately underwent an emergency surgical procedure to correct thecongenital defect. The surgery involved placing the intestinal loops that were present inside the sac in the abdominal cavity. At the end of the procedure, the animal was placed in a quadrupedal position to better assess omphalocele reduction.Postoperatively, the following medications were administered: a single dose of an analgesic along with a dipyrone andhyoscine-based antispasmodic (25 mg/kg, IM), an enrofloxacin-based antibiotic (2.5 mg/kg, IM) once a day for 7 days...

Onfalocele em bezerro neonato / Omphalocele in neonate calf

Background: An omphalocele is a rare congenital malformation characterized by the protrusion of the abdominal contentsthrough the base of the umbilical cord. A defect in the midline of the abdomen results in the abdominal contents beingcovered by a membranous sac near the umbilical cord, which ultimately results in the failure of the abdominal organs toreturn to the abdominal cavity in the early gestational stages and the development of an omphalocele. This study aimed toaddress the diagnosis, medical-surgical management, and treatment for an omphalocele in a newborn calf.Case: A 2-day-old male Red Angus calf, weighing 35 kg, was referred to the HVU-UFSM. According to the owner, theanimal was born via normal delivery, had ingested milk, was alert, and had an enlarged pendulous abdomen at the umbilicus. Physical examination did not show any changes in vital functions; however, intestinal stasis was observed. Anin-depth examination revealed the presence of a round mass of tissue approximately 15 cm in diameter that was fillingthe remnant of the umbilical cord. This structure was covered by a thin, slightly dried membrane that isolated the contentsfrom the external environment. On palpation, the mass was firm and non-reducible, and an omphalocele was suspected.Given the severity of the condition, the animal immediately underwent an emergency surgical procedure to correct thecongenital defect. The surgery involved placing the intestinal loops that were present inside the sac in the abdominal cavity. At the end of the procedure, the animal was placed in a quadrupedal position to better assess omphalocele reduction.Postoperatively, the following medications were administered: a single dose of an analgesic along with a dipyrone andhyoscine-based antispasmodic (25 mg/kg, IM), an enrofloxacin-based antibiotic (2.5 mg/kg, IM) once a day for 7 days...(AU)

Avaliação da frequência de pneumonia enzoótica suína em granja através da monitoria de abate, clínica e laboratorial / Evaluation of the frequency of swine enzootic pneumonia in one farm based on slaughterhouse, clinical and laboratory monitoring

Background: Swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP), caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is one of the main respiratorydiseases of pigs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of SEP in one farm with an independent production system,low level of technification and high losses in the meat packing plant, based on slaughterhouse, clinical and laboratory monitoring.Materials, Methods & Results: This study consisted of three monitoring steps, divided into 3 periods: P1, P2 and P3. In the first step ofthe study, slaughterhouse reports were analyzed and slaughtering was monitored at one meatpacking plant in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.The second step of the study started by drawing up a profile of the farm that supplied the pigs to the aforementioned slaughterhouse,after which clinical monitoring was performed on three occasions. The third step of the study (laboratory monitoring) involved collecting lung fragments containing suspected SEP lesions from the meatpacking plant and subjecting them analysis. The average measuredenzootic pneumonia (EP) in P3 was 38.54% (P 0.05) between P1, P2 and P3. As for the mean frequency of pulmonary hepatization (PH), P3 was48.80% higher (P 0.05) between the 3 evaluated periods. On the other hand, in the finishingperiod (FP), the frequency of coughing and sneezing was 37.56% (P < 0.05) higher in P1 than in P3. The frequency of coughing and...

Avaliação da frequência de pneumonia enzoótica suína em granja através da monitoria de abate, clínica e laboratorial / Evaluation of the frequency of swine enzootic pneumonia in one farm based on slaughterhouse, clinical and laboratory monitoring

Background: Swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP), caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is one of the main respiratorydiseases of pigs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of SEP in one farm with an independent production system,low level of technification and high losses in the meat packing plant, based on slaughterhouse, clinical and laboratory monitoring.Materials, Methods & Results: This study consisted of three monitoring steps, divided into 3 periods: P1, P2 and P3. In the first step ofthe study, slaughterhouse reports were analyzed and slaughtering was monitored at one meatpacking plant in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.The second step of the study started by drawing up a profile of the farm that supplied the pigs to the aforementioned slaughterhouse,after which clinical monitoring was performed on three occasions. The third step of the study (laboratory monitoring) involved collecting lung fragments containing suspected SEP lesions from the meatpacking plant and subjecting them analysis. The average measuredenzootic pneumonia (EP) in P3 was 38.54% (P < 0.05) higher than in P1 and 29.79 higher than in P2. The mean frequency of pulmonaryemphysema (PE) in P3 was 59.13% (P < 0.05) higher than in P1 and 48.04% higher than in P2. The mean number of lung adhesions(LA) did not differ statistically (P > 0.05) between P1, P2 and P3. As for the mean frequency of pulmonary hepatization (PH), P3 was48.80% higher (P < 0.05) than P1 and 41.78% higher than P2. With regard to the mean frequency of craniodorsal lung lesions (CLL), P3was 48.26% higher (P < 0.05) than P1 and 40.77% higher than P2. The mean frequency of disseminated lesions (DL) and the pneumoniaseverity index (PSI) showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05) between the 3 evaluated periods. On the other hand, in the finishingperiod (FP), the frequency of coughing and sneezing was 37.56% (P < 0.05) higher in P1 than in P3. The frequency of coughing and...(AU)

Intervalos de coletas de sêmen em reprodutores suínos no início da vida reprodutiva: avaliação dos parâmetros seminais / Intervals of semen collection from boars during early reproductive life: evaluation of seminal fluid parameters

Background: In swine production, good reproduction rates can be achieved through genetic selection and reproductivebiotechnologies. One of these biotechnologies is artificial insemination, which contributes to disseminate genes and optimizebreeding boars, thus improving the quality of insemination doses. This study focused on evaluating the intervals betweensemen collection from boars at the beginning of their reproductive maturity vis-à-vis the viability of insemination doses.Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty 9-month-old boars of the genetic lineage AGPIC 337 (Agroceres PIC) were used inthis study. The experimental design used here was completely randomized, and the randomly selected males were dividedinto four treatment groups, which were named according to the interval between semen sample collections: T1: 2 days; T2:3 days; T3: 4 days and T4: 7 days. Each treatment comprised 5 animals, and at the end of the 90 days of this study, a totalof 150 ejaculates were obtained in T1, 110 in T2, 90 in T3 and 60 in T4. The values of total motility, volume and spermconcentration of the ejaculates were evaluated, as was oxidative stress by means of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS), the latter after 0, 72, 120 and 168 h of the study. Membrane integrity was evaluated at 0, 72, 120 and 168 h usingthe eosin-nigrosin staining procedure. Sperm heat resistance was tested after 120 h, and sperm morphology after 72, 120 and168 h. Sperm concentrations differed, with T3 showing 27.04% and 29.65% higher concentrations (P < 0.05) than groupsT2 and T1, respectively. Total motility in group T4 was 0.56%, 1.98% and 3.28% higher (P < 0.05) than in T3, T2 and T1,respectively, indicating that the 7-day interval produced the best result. The heat...

Intervalos de coletas de sêmen em reprodutores suínos no início da vida reprodutiva: avaliação dos parâmetros seminais / Intervals of semen collection from boars during early reproductive life: evaluation of seminal fluid parameters

Background: In swine production, good reproduction rates can be achieved through genetic selection and reproductivebiotechnologies. One of these biotechnologies is artificial insemination, which contributes to disseminate genes and optimizebreeding boars, thus improving the quality of insemination doses. This study focused on evaluating the intervals betweensemen collection from boars at the beginning of their reproductive maturity vis-à-vis the viability of insemination doses.Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty 9-month-old boars of the genetic lineage AGPIC 337 (Agroceres PIC) were used inthis study. The experimental design used here was completely randomized, and the randomly selected males were dividedinto four treatment groups, which were named according to the interval between semen sample collections: T1: 2 days; T2:3 days; T3: 4 days and T4: 7 days. Each treatment comprised 5 animals, and at the end of the 90 days of this study, a totalof 150 ejaculates were obtained in T1, 110 in T2, 90 in T3 and 60 in T4. The values of total motility, volume and spermconcentration of the ejaculates were evaluated, as was oxidative stress by means of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS), the latter after 0, 72, 120 and 168 h of the study. Membrane integrity was evaluated at 0, 72, 120 and 168 h usingthe eosin-nigrosin staining procedure. Sperm heat resistance was tested after 120 h, and sperm morphology after 72, 120 and168 h. Sperm concentrations differed, with T3 showing 27.04% and 29.65% higher concentrations (P < 0.05) than groupsT2 and T1, respectively. Total motility in group T4 was 0.56%, 1.98% and 3.28% higher (P < 0.05) than in T3, T2 and T1,respectively, indicating that the 7-day interval produced the best result. The heat...(AU)