Resumo
Salmonella spp. is an important causal agent of salmonellosis in humans. Controlling Salmonella spp. in eggs is important as the bacterium passes through the shell to an embryo and remains in the terrain. Disinfection is usually performed by using several sanitizers. However, novel, more efficient ways of controlling this agent have been studied with advances in nanotechnology, including nanoparticles. Preliminary studies of nanoparticles have shown they are successful in controlling such microorganisms. Standardizing the ideal concentration of this nanocomposite is fundamental for optimum efficiency in the control of Salmonella spp. In this study, eggs from commercial laying chickens were purchased from local trade and treated in laboratory with silver and zinc nanoparticles in different concentrations. Biofilm was formed 24 hours after that; then, the eggs were washed for the removal of free bacteria. Conventional microbiology was performed to isolate Salmonella spp., and PCR was performed to identify colonies. The effectiveness of using nanocomposite of silver oxide with silver-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Ag-AgO) was evaluated in different concentrations to prevent the formation of eggshell biofilms.
As Salmonellas spp. são importantes agentes causadores de salmonelose em humanos. O controle da Salmonella spp. é importante, pois a bactéria ultrapassa a barreira da casca atingindo o embrião e infecta lotes de aves que podem levar a infecção ao ser humano. A desinfecção costuma ser feita por vários sanitizantes; porém, com os avanços da nanotecnologia, formas novas e mais eficientes de controle desse agente estão sendo estudadas, como as nanopartículas. Estudos preliminares dessas nanopartículas têm mostrado o sucesso de seu uso no controle de microrganismos. A padronização da concentração ideal de uso desse nanocomposto é fundamental para a máxima eficiência no controle de Salmonella spp. Ovos vermelhos oriundos de postura comercial foram comprados no comércio local e tratados em laboratório com as nanopartículas em diferentes concentrações; após 24 horas, formaram o biolfilme. Os ovos foram lavados para a retirada das bactérias livres. Realizaram-se exame microbiológico convencional, para isolamento de Salmonella spp., e PCR, para identificação das colônias. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar a eficácia da utilização de nanocompostos de óxido de prata com óxido de zinco dopado com óxido de prata (ZnO: Ag-Ago) em diferentes concentrações na prevenção da formação de biofilmes na casca dos ovos.
Assuntos
Biofilmes , Casca de Ovo/microbiologia , Compostos de Prata , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Ovos/análise , Salmonella/isolamento & purificação , Óxido de Zinco/administração & dosagem , Galinhas , Infecções por Salmonella/prevenção & controle , Nanocompostos , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseResumo
Salmonella spp. is an important causal agent of salmonellosis in humans. Controlling Salmonella spp. in eggs is important as the bacterium passes through the shell to an embryo and remains in the terrain. Disinfection is usually performed by using several sanitizers. However, novel, more efficient ways of controlling this agent have been studied with advances in nanotechnology, including nanoparticles. Preliminary studies of nanoparticles have shown they are successful in controlling such microorganisms. Standardizing the ideal concentration of this nanocomposite is fundamental for optimum efficiency in the control of Salmonella spp. In this study, eggs from commercial laying chickens were purchased from local trade and treated in laboratory with silver and zinc nanoparticles in different concentrations. Biofilm was formed 24 hours after that; then, the eggs were washed for the removal of free bacteria. Conventional microbiology was performed to isolate Salmonella spp., and PCR was performed to identify colonies. The effectiveness of using nanocomposite of silver oxide with silver-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Ag-AgO) was evaluated in different concentrations to prevent the formation of eggshell biofilms.(AU)
As Salmonellas spp. são importantes agentes causadores de salmonelose em humanos. O controle da Salmonella spp. é importante, pois a bactéria ultrapassa a barreira da casca atingindo o embrião e infecta lotes de aves que podem levar a infecção ao ser humano. A desinfecção costuma ser feita por vários sanitizantes; porém, com os avanços da nanotecnologia, formas novas e mais eficientes de controle desse agente estão sendo estudadas, como as nanopartículas. Estudos preliminares dessas nanopartículas têm mostrado o sucesso de seu uso no controle de microrganismos. A padronização da concentração ideal de uso desse nanocomposto é fundamental para a máxima eficiência no controle de Salmonella spp. Ovos vermelhos oriundos de postura comercial foram comprados no comércio local e tratados em laboratório com as nanopartículas em diferentes concentrações; após 24 horas, formaram o biolfilme. Os ovos foram lavados para a retirada das bactérias livres. Realizaram-se exame microbiológico convencional, para isolamento de Salmonella spp., e PCR, para identificação das colônias. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar a eficácia da utilização de nanocompostos de óxido de prata com óxido de zinco dopado com óxido de prata (ZnO: Ag-Ago) em diferentes concentrações na prevenção da formação de biofilmes na casca dos ovos.(AU)
Assuntos
Ovos/análise , Biofilmes , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Salmonella/isolamento & purificação , Óxido de Zinco/administração & dosagem , Compostos de Prata , Casca de Ovo/microbiologia , Nanocompostos , Galinhas , Infecções por Salmonella/prevenção & controle , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseResumo
Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis that affects many species of mammals and occurs endemically in Brazil. The biofilm matrix provides structure and protection to the biofilm cells working as a physical barrier to antibiotic agents, which are attached or consumed by the matrix components. However, this attribute varies according to the matrix, antimicrobial agent and biofilm age. Leptospira may change morphologically according to environmental conditions, including cell aggregation and biofilm formation. Leptospira can colonize the ducts of kidney from hosts for a long time, forming a biofilm, which is believed to be an important factor for their maintenance in animals and in the environment. Thus, the objective of this research was to determine the biofilm formation capacity of four strains of Leptospira interrogans.Materials, Methods & Results: The strains were typified by WHO/FAO/OIE and National Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis (Kit Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands). Leptospira interrogans strains, two isolated from cattle and two isolated from dogs were biofilms tested for adhesion on polystyrene plates, extracellular matrix composition and confocal microscopy. In the plating adhesion test, the suspension was inoculated into 96-well sterile polystyrene microplates with flat bottom at a ratio of 1:200 in EMJH medium, followed by 24 h incubation at 28°C, with medium renewal after 12 h. After this period the wells were washed three times with sterile PBS and following incubation; the plates were dried in the oven at 60°C for 30 min and added 200 μL of 1% violet crystal for five min. Subsequently, the plates were washed with distilled water, after complete removal, 200 μL of acetic acid 33% was added and the readings were performed at 570 nm in the ELISA reader.[...]
Assuntos
Aderência Bacteriana , Biofilmes , Leptospira interrogans/isolamento & purificação , Matriz ExtracelularResumo
Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis that affects many species of mammals and occurs endemically in Brazil. The biofilm matrix provides structure and protection to the biofilm cells working as a physical barrier to antibiotic agents, which are attached or consumed by the matrix components. However, this attribute varies according to the matrix, antimicrobial agent and biofilm age. Leptospira may change morphologically according to environmental conditions, including cell aggregation and biofilm formation. Leptospira can colonize the ducts of kidney from hosts for a long time, forming a biofilm, which is believed to be an important factor for their maintenance in animals and in the environment. Thus, the objective of this research was to determine the biofilm formation capacity of four strains of Leptospira interrogans.Materials, Methods & Results: The strains were typified by WHO/FAO/OIE and National Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis (Kit Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands). Leptospira interrogans strains, two isolated from cattle and two isolated from dogs were biofilms tested for adhesion on polystyrene plates, extracellular matrix composition and confocal microscopy. In the plating adhesion test, the suspension was inoculated into 96-well sterile polystyrene microplates with flat bottom at a ratio of 1:200 in EMJH medium, followed by 24 h incubation at 28°C, with medium renewal after 12 h. After this period the wells were washed three times with sterile PBS and following incubation; the plates were dried in the oven at 60°C for 30 min and added 200 μL of 1% violet crystal for five min. Subsequently, the plates were washed with distilled water, after complete removal, 200 μL of acetic acid 33% was added and the readings were performed at 570 nm in the ELISA reader.[...](AU)