The ovarian and uterine responses of Baixadeiro mares to prostaglandin synchronization during the dry and rainy seasons

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of synchronization with prostaglandin F2α in Baixadeiro mares during the rainy and dry seasons. Fourteen mares were synchronized by administering two doses of 1 mL prostaglandin PGF 2α and monitored by rectal palpation and ultrasound for the assessment of follicular development and uterine echotexture. Of this total, nine mares allowed the collection of blood, in which the blood was collected by venipuncture of the jugular vein to determine progesterone (P4) by ELISA. Mares showed no differences (P > 0.05) in weight, body score condition (BSC), tone, uterine edema, frequency of ovulation, synchronization interval, estrus, and the total number of follicles between periods. However, there was a difference in large increased follicle diameter (P < 0.05) during the dry season. The average concentrations of P4 in mares differed (P < 0.05) between the pre- and post-ovulatory phases for both seasons and after ovulation, with higher concentrations in the rainy season. Furthermore, statistical differences in daily light (P < 0.05) were observed between the dry and rainy periods. Thus, we conclude that mares from the genetic grouping Baixadeiro showed no reproductive seasonality, though there was a difference in luminosity between the rainy and dry seasons. The treatment with two doses of PGF 2α was effective in synchronizing the mares, promoting the return of estrus in the dry and rainy periods. The mares remaining cyclically active throughout the year provided there were appropriate forage availability and quality levels to allow for normal values of body weight and condition.

The ovarian and uterine responses of Baixadeiro mares to prostaglandin synchronization during the dry and rainy seasons

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of synchronization with prostaglandin F2α in Baixadeiro mares during the rainy and dry seasons. Fourteen mares were synchronized by administering two doses of 1 mL prostaglandin PGF 2α and monitored by rectal palpation and ultrasound for the assessment of follicular development and uterine echotexture. Of this total, nine mares allowed the collection of blood, in which the blood was collected by venipuncture of the jugular vein to determine progesterone (P4) by ELISA. Mares showed no differences (P > 0.05) in weight, body score condition (BSC), tone, uterine edema, frequency of ovulation, synchronization interval, estrus, and the total number of follicles between periods. However, there was a difference in large increased follicle diameter (P < 0.05) during the dry season. The average concentrations of P4 in mares differed (P < 0.05) between the pre- and post-ovulatory phases for both seasons and after ovulation, with higher concentrations in the rainy season. Furthermore, statistical differences in daily light (P < 0.05) were observed between the dry and rainy periods. Thus, we conclude that mares from the genetic grouping Baixadeiro showed no reproductive seasonality, though there was a difference in luminosity between the rainy and dry seasons. The treatment with two doses of PGF 2α was effective in synchronizing the mares, promoting the return of estrus in the dry and rainy periods. The mares remaining cyclically active throughout the year provided there were appropriate forage availability and quality levels to allow for normal values of body weight and condition.

The ovarian and uterine responses of Baixadeiro mares to prostaglandin synchronization during the dry and rainy seasons

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of synchronization with prostaglandin F2α in Baixadeiro mares during the rainy and dry seasons. Fourteen mares were synchronized by administering two doses of 1 mL prostaglandin PGF 2α and monitored by rectal palpation and ultrasound for the assessment of follicular development and uterine echotexture. Of this total, nine mares allowed the collection of blood, in which the blood was collected by venipuncture of the jugular vein to determine progesterone (P4) by ELISA. Mares showed no differences (P > 0.05) in weight, body score condition (BSC), tone, uterine edema, frequency of ovulation, synchronization interval, estrus, and the total number of follicles between periods. However, there was a difference in large increased follicle diameter (P < 0.05) during the dry season. The average concentrations of P4 in mares differed (P < 0.05) between the pre- and post-ovulatory phases for both seasons and after ovulation, with higher concentrations in the rainy season. Furthermore, statistical differences in daily light (P < 0.05) were observed between the dry and rainy periods. Thus, we conclude that mares from the genetic grouping Baixadeiro showed no reproductive seasonality, though there was a difference in luminosity between the rainy and dry seasons. The treatment with two doses of PGF 2α was effective in synchronizing the mares, promoting the return of estrus in the dry and rainy periods. The mares remaining cyclically active throughout the year provided there were appropriate forage availability and quality levels to allow for normal values of body weight and condition.(AU)

Características de morfoecogenicidade uterina e de corpo lúteo e suas relações com os níveis de plasmáticos de progesterona em éguas “baixadeiro” / Characteristics of morphoechogenicity and uterine corpus luteum and its relations with the plasma levels of progesterone in baixadeiro mares / Características de morfoecogenicidad uterino y del cuerpo luteo y sus relaciones con niveles plasmáticos de progesterona en yegua "baixadeiro"

El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar los aspectos de morfoecogenicidad uterina y cuerpo lúteo (CL) y la relación con las concentraciones de progesterona (P4) en yeguas Baixadeiro, durante los períodos lluvioso y seco. Se utilizaron nueve animales, sincronizados con dos dosis de prostaglandina sintética análoga PGF2a, con un intervalo de 10 días y monitorizados mediante palpación transrectal y ecografía cada 48 horas. La ecogenicidad uterina se determinó por el grado de edema y la del CL se clasificó según la organización glandular. La sangre se recogió mediante punción de la vena yugular para determinar las concentraciones de P4 utilizando el método ELISA. El índice de precipitación no mostró diferencia estadística (p 0,05) para los niveles plasmáticos de P4, con mayor concentración en la época de lluvias. En cuanto a la morfoecogenicidad de CL, se presentaron de centro anecogénico a hiperecogénico. Así, las yeguas del grupo genético...

The aim of this study was to characterize the aspects of uterine morphology and corpus luteum (CL) and the relationship with progesterone concentrations (P4) of the "Baixadeiro" mares during the rainy and dry periods. Nine animals, synchronized with two doses of prostaglandin PGF2a synthetic analogue, were used at intervals of 10 days and monitored by transrectal palpation and ultrasonography every 48 hours. The uterine echogenicity was determined by the degree of edema and the CL was classified for glandular organization. Blood was collected by jugular vein puncture to determine P4 concentrations by the ELISA method. The rainfall index did not present statistical difference (p 0,05) for plasma P4 levels, with the highest concentration during the rainy season. As for the morfoecogenicity of CL, these presented from anechoic center to hyperechogenic. Thus, the mares of the genetic group "Baixadeiro" remained cyclical...

O objetivo com este trabalho foi caracterizar os aspectos de morfoecogenicidade uterina e de corpo lúteo (CL) e a relação com as concentrações de progesterona (P4) em éguas Baixadeiro, durante os períodos chuvoso e seco. Foram utilizados nove animais, sincronizados com duas doses de análogo sintético de prostaglandina PGF2a, com intervalo de 10 dias e monitorados por palpação transretal e ultrassonografia a cada 48 horas. A ecogenicidade uterina foi determinada pelo grau de edema e a do CL foi classificada quanto à organização glandular. O sangue foi coletado por punção da veia jugular para determinação das concentrações de P4 pelo método ELISA. O índice pluviométrico não apresentou diferença estatística (p 0,05) para os níveis plasmáticos de P4, sendo maior a concentração no período chuvoso. Quanto à morfoecogenicidade de CL, estes apresentaram desde centro anecoico a hiperecogênico. Assim, as éguas do grupamento genético...

Características de morfoecogenicidade uterina e de corpo lúteo e suas relações com os níveis de plasmáticos de progesterona em éguas “baixadeiro” / Characteristics of morphoechogenicity and uterine corpus luteum and its relations with the plasma levels of progesterone in baixadeiro mares / Características de morfoecogenicidad uterino y del cuerpo luteo y sus relaciones con niveles plasmáticos de progesterona en yegua "baixadeiro"

El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar los aspectos de morfoecogenicidad uterina y cuerpo lúteo (CL) y la relación con las concentraciones de progesterona (P4) en yeguas Baixadeiro, durante los períodos lluvioso y seco. Se utilizaron nueve animales, sincronizados con dos dosis de prostaglandina sintética análoga PGF2a, con un intervalo de 10 días y monitorizados mediante palpación transrectal y ecografía cada 48 horas. La ecogenicidad uterina se determinó por el grado de edema y la del CL se clasificó según la organización glandular. La sangre se recogió mediante punción de la vena yugular para determinar las concentraciones de P4 utilizando el método ELISA. El índice de precipitación no mostró diferencia estadística (p <0,05). La tasa de luminosidad difirió entre los períodos (p <0,05). El peso y la CEC no difirieron entre períodos (p <0,05). Entre las yeguas, 88,89% (8/9) ovularon en época de lluvias y 55,56% (5/9) ovularon en época seca, sin diferencia estadística (p <0,05). En cuanto a la morfocogenicidad uterina, no hubo diferencia significativa entre períodos (p< 0,05). Hubo diferencia entre períodos (p> 0,05) para los niveles plasmáticos de P4, con mayor concentración en la época de lluvias. En cuanto a la morfoecogenicidad de CL, se presentaron de centro anecogénico a hiperecogénico. Así, las yeguas del grupo genético...(AU)

The aim of this study was to characterize the aspects of uterine morphology and corpus luteum (CL) and the relationship with progesterone concentrations (P4) of the "Baixadeiro" mares during the rainy and dry periods. Nine animals, synchronized with two doses of prostaglandin PGF2a synthetic analogue, were used at intervals of 10 days and monitored by transrectal palpation and ultrasonography every 48 hours. The uterine echogenicity was determined by the degree of edema and the CL was classified for glandular organization. Blood was collected by jugular vein puncture to determine P4 concentrations by the ELISA method. The rainfall index did not present statistical difference (p <0,05). The luminosity rate differed between the periods (p < 0,05). Weight and ECC did not differ between the periods (p < 0,05). Among the mares, 88,89% (8/9) ovulated in the rainy season while 55,56% (5/9) ovulated in the dry period, with no statistical difference (p < 0,05). As to uterine morphoecogenicity, there was no significant difference between the periods (p < 0,05). There was a difference between periods (p > 0,05) for plasma P4 levels, with the highest concentration during the rainy season. As for the morfoecogenicity of CL, these presented from anechoic center to hyperechogenic. Thus, the mares of the genetic group "Baixadeiro" remained cyclical...(AU)

O objetivo com este trabalho foi caracterizar os aspectos de morfoecogenicidade uterina e de corpo lúteo (CL) e a relação com as concentrações de progesterona (P4) em éguas Baixadeiro, durante os períodos chuvoso e seco. Foram utilizados nove animais, sincronizados com duas doses de análogo sintético de prostaglandina PGF2a, com intervalo de 10 dias e monitorados por palpação transretal e ultrassonografia a cada 48 horas. A ecogenicidade uterina foi determinada pelo grau de edema e a do CL foi classificada quanto à organização glandular. O sangue foi coletado por punção da veia jugular para determinação das concentrações de P4 pelo método ELISA. O índice pluviométrico não apresentou diferença estatística (p < 0,05). A taxa de luminosidade diferiu entre os períodos (p < 0,05). Peso e ECC não diferiram entre os períodos (p < 0,05). Dentre as éguas, 88,89% (8/9) ovularam no período chuvoso enquanto 55,56% (5/9) ovularam no período seco, não havendo diferença estatística (p < 0,05). Quanto à morfoecogenicidade uterina, não houve diferença significativa entre os períodos (p < 0,05). Houve diferença entre períodos (p > 0,05) para os níveis plasmáticos de P4, sendo maior a concentração no período chuvoso. Quanto à morfoecogenicidade de CL, estes apresentaram desde centro anecoico a hiperecogênico. Assim, as éguas do grupamento genético...(AU)

Avaliação ultrassonográfica e ensaio hormonal das éguas “Baixadeiro” / Sonographic evaluation and hormonal testing of mares “Baixadeiro

This study aimed characterize aspects of uterine morphoechogenicity and CL, relating to the P4concentrations during the rainy and dry seasons. Nine mares were used, synchronized with two doses of 1,0 mLPGF2α and monitored by ultrasound and rectal palpation. The ecogenicity - uterine and CL - were determinedby the degree of edema and glandular organization, respectively. Had blood collected by puncturing the jugularvein for dosing P4 by ELISA. Among the mares was no difference in ovulation rate between the periods (P <0,05). As for uterine morphoechogenicity, there was no significant difference between periods (P > 0,05). Therewere differences between periods (P < 0,05) for plasma levels of P4, being higher in the rainy season.Regarding CL morphoechogenicity presented from anechoic to hyperechoic center. The changes in the uterineechogenicity and CL is the expected for the species as well as progesterone concentrations, showing nodifference between the periods.(AU)

Intervalo entre sincronização e ovulação das éguas Baixadeiro utilizando PGF2 / Interval between ovulation and synchronization of Baixadeiro mares using PGF2

The study aimed to verify the synchronization of mares genetic grouping Baixadeiro using PGF2α. Weused 8 mares being established two synchronization protocols - Protocol I: IM PGF2α dose; Protocol II: twodoses (PGF2α, IM) with 10-day interval. After 72 hours were monitored daily by means of ultrasound to monitorfollicle development. The evaluated mares showed interval between treatment and ovulation 11,16 ± 1,46 daysfor T1 and 5,2 ± 0,9 days for T2, with statistically significant difference (P < 0,05). As the diameter of the preovulatoryfollicle was found average of 38,08 ± 0,97 at T1 and 37,31 ± 3,45 in T2, with no significant differencebetween them (P > 0,05). Thus, treatment with two doses of PGF2α promotes return to ciclicity and is effective insynchronizing Baixadeiro mares which had follicular development patterns within the expected range for thespecies.(AU)

Hermafroditismo em gato Relato de caso / Hermaphroditism in cat - Case Report

The diagnosis of hermaphroditism or pseudo-hermafrditismo should not be based on an inspection ofchromosomes, gonads and the phenotypic appearance of the reproductive organs, and laparotomy. It was theVeterinary Hospital of UEMA cat, SRD. Physical examination Contacted That cat had female structures such asthe vagina and based on the pet's history this testicles also had. After castration, the animals can get pregnantand after the birth of the first puppy, the cat underwent surgery to remove the other dogs que were still in thewomb. Even during surgery ovariohysterectomy was performed for removal of the ovaries and uterus. The caseHermaphroditism is true because, according to the authors, the hermaphroditic animals should have copies ofboth gonads However, the genetic fri is female.(AU)

Imagem Ultrassonográfica de Folículo Ovariano de Kinosternon scorpioides (LINNAEUS, 1766), em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento / Image sonographic of follicle of female Kinosternon scorpoides (LINNAEUS, 1766)

tThe species Kinosternon scopioides, is a small freshwater turtle foun in the region known as BaixadaMaranhense, Maranhão, Brazil.. As studies on the species are still in the research process, the aim of thisscientific article was analyze the female reproductive organ through the ultrasonography to create a standart forimaging tests in this species and gain knowledge abaut their reproductive biology. For this, we used two femaleof Kinosternon scopioides where ultrasounds were performed twice a week. It was found thatgonads havefollicles in different stages of development and it was possible to distinguish follicles from eggs. The study showsimportant to help veterinary wildlife, and the preservation of the species, since the knowledge of reproductivecycle will help in captive breeding of them.(AU)

Avaliação ultrassonográfica e ensaio hormonal das éguas “Baixadeiro” / Sonographic evaluation and hormonal testing of mares “Baixadeiro

This study aimed characterize aspects of uterine morphoechogenicity and CL, relating to the P4concentrations during the rainy and dry seasons. Nine mares were used, synchronized with two doses of 1,0 mLPGF2α and monitored by ultrasound and rectal palpation. The ecogenicity - uterine and CL - were determinedby the degree of edema and glandular organization, respectively. Had blood collected by puncturing the jugularvein for dosing P4 by ELISA. Among the mares was no difference in ovulation rate between the periods (P 0,05). Therewere differences between periods (P < 0,05) for plasma levels of P4, being higher in the rainy season.Regarding CL morphoechogenicity presented from anechoic to hyperechoic center. The changes in the uterineechogenicity and CL is the expected for the species as well as progesterone concentrations, showing nodifference between the periods.

Intervalo entre sincronização e ovulação das éguas Baixadeiro utilizando PGF2 / Interval between ovulation and synchronization of Baixadeiro mares using PGF2

The study aimed to verify the synchronization of mares genetic grouping Baixadeiro using PGF2α. Weused 8 mares being established two synchronization protocols - Protocol I: IM PGF2α dose; Protocol II: twodoses (PGF2α, IM) with 10-day interval. After 72 hours were monitored daily by means of ultrasound to monitorfollicle development. The evaluated mares showed interval between treatment and ovulation 11,16 ± 1,46 daysfor T1 and 5,2 ± 0,9 days for T2, with statistically significant difference (P 0,05). Thus, treatment with two doses of PGF2α promotes return to ciclicity and is effective insynchronizing Baixadeiro mares which had follicular development patterns within the expected range for thespecies.

Hermafroditismo em gato – Relato de caso / Hermaphroditism in cat - Case Report

The diagnosis of hermaphroditism or pseudo-hermafrditismo should not be based on an inspection ofchromosomes, gonads and the phenotypic appearance of the reproductive organs, and laparotomy. It was theVeterinary Hospital of UEMA cat, SRD. Physical examination Contacted That cat had female structures such asthe vagina and based on the pet's history this testicles also had. After castration, the animals can get pregnantand after the birth of the first puppy, the cat underwent surgery to remove the other dogs que were still in thewomb. Even during surgery ovariohysterectomy was performed for removal of the ovaries and uterus. The caseHermaphroditism is true because, according to the authors, the hermaphroditic animals should have copies ofboth gonads However, the genetic fri is female.

Imagem Ultrassonográfica de Folículo Ovariano de Kinosternon scorpioides (LINNAEUS, 1766), em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento / Image sonographic of follicle of female Kinosternon scorpoides (LINNAEUS, 1766)

tThe species Kinosternon scopioides, is a small freshwater turtle foun in the region known as BaixadaMaranhense, Maranhão, Brazil.. As studies on the species are still in the research process, the aim of thisscientific article was analyze the female reproductive organ through the ultrasonography to create a standart forimaging tests in this species and gain knowledge abaut their reproductive biology. For this, we used two femaleof Kinosternon scopioides where ultrasounds were performed twice a week. It was found thatgonads havefollicles in different stages of development and it was possible to distinguish follicles from eggs. The study showsimportant to help veterinary wildlife, and the preservation of the species, since the knowledge of reproductivecycle will help in captive breeding of them.

Correlação entre o perímetro torácico, peso corporal e a circunferência escrotal de caprinos da raça anglo-nubiano observados na 59ª EXPOEMA / Correlation between scrotal circumference and thorax circumference and between scrotal circumference and body weight of Anglo-Nubian bucks from a livestock exhibition in Maranhão, Brazil

This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the scrotal circumference and thoraxcircumference and between the scrotal circumference and body weight of Anglo-Nubian bucks from a livestockexhibition in Maranhão, Brazil. 15 bucks were equally divided into three groups according their ages: G1 with9 to 12 months old animals –, G2 with 14 to 19 months old animals –, and G3 with 22 to 29 months oldanimals. The measurements were taken while the event was happening. The data was subjected to thecorrelation coefficient of Pearson. The measures of the scrotal circumference had a positive correlation with thethorax circumference in the groups G1 and G2. G1 group also presented a positive correlation for the bodyweight. However, in this study, it was observed a negative correlation between the scrotal circumference andthorax circumference measures for the animals from the G2 and G3 groups.(AU)

Aspectos biométricos e histológicos de testículos de garanhões do Grupamento Genético Baixadeiro / Biometric and histological aspects of stallions testicles Grouping Genetic Baixadeiro

This study aimed to evaluate the biometric and histological aspects of the testicles of horses Baixadeiro.Four stallions were used, with a mean age of 3,88 ± 1,24. The right and left testicles were measured for length,width, height and total scrotal width. The testicular volume was also determined and histological fragmentswere removed parenchyma of testis stained with H-E. There was no statistical difference between the linearmeasurements of the right testis and left (P > 0,05). The weight of the testes showed differences (P < 0,05) dueto the characteristics of the evaluated animals (cryptorchidism, testicular asymmetry). Histologically, bothshowed edema and hemorrhage as testicular degeneration. Thus, the animals showed values of scrotalcircumference lower than expected for the species, and testicular diseases, not being considered fit toreproduction.(AU)

Correlação entre o perímetro torácico, peso corporal e a circunferência escrotal de caprinos da raça anglo-nubiano observados na 59ª EXPOEMA / Correlation between scrotal circumference and thorax circumference and between scrotal circumference and body weight of Anglo-Nubian bucks from a livestock exhibition in Maranhão, Brazil

This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the scrotal circumference and thoraxcircumference and between the scrotal circumference and body weight of Anglo-Nubian bucks from a livestockexhibition in Maranhão, Brazil. 15 bucks were equally divided into three groups according their ages: G1 – with9 to 12 months old animals –, G2 – with 14 to 19 months old animals –, and G3 – with 22 to 29 months oldanimals. The measurements were taken while the event was happening. The data was subjected to thecorrelation coefficient of Pearson. The measures of the scrotal circumference had a positive correlation with thethorax circumference in the groups G1 and G2. G1 group also presented a positive correlation for the bodyweight. However, in this study, it was observed a negative correlation between the scrotal circumference andthorax circumference measures for the animals from the G2 and G3 groups.

Aspectos biométricos e histológicos de testículos de garanhões do Grupamento Genético Baixadeiro / Biometric and histological aspects of stallions testicles Grouping Genetic Baixadeiro

This study aimed to evaluate the biometric and histological aspects of the testicles of horses Baixadeiro.Four stallions were used, with a mean age of 3,88 ± 1,24. The right and left testicles were measured for length,width, height and total scrotal width. The testicular volume was also determined and histological fragmentswere removed parenchyma of testis stained with H-E. There was no statistical difference between the linearmeasurements of the right testis and left (P > 0,05). The weight of the testes showed differences (P < 0,05) dueto the characteristics of the evaluated animals (cryptorchidism, testicular asymmetry). Histologically, bothshowed edema and hemorrhage as testicular degeneration. Thus, the animals showed values of scrotalcircumference lower than expected for the species, and testicular diseases, not being considered fit toreproduction.