Resumo
The present study aimed to evaluate the survival, growth, antrum formation, oocyte extrusion, and hormone production during in vitro culture of caprine preantral follicles isolated from pure-breed (Saanen) or crossbreed (F1 generation: ½ Saanen + ½ Anglo-Nubian) goats. Secondary follicles (diameter: 150-250 µm) from Saanen or crossbreed (Saanen × Anglo-Nubian) goats were isolated from the ovarian cortex by microdissection and cultured in vitro for 18 days in α-modified minimum essential medium (α-MEM+) supplemented with vascular endothelial growth factor and increasing concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone. Every six days follicular morphology, growth, antrum formation, and follicular extrusion were evaluated. In addition, on days 2, 6, 12, and 18 of culture the medium samples were collected and stored at -20°C for further measurement of estradiol and progesterone. The follicular survival, antrum formation, and oocyte extrusion were analyzed by the Chi square test. Follicular diameter and hormone assays were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Survival rates, growth, antral follicle formation, and oocyte extrusion of preantral follicles cultured in vitro were similar between the different genetic groups. The production of estradiol and progesterone indicated the maintenance of cell viability throughout the culture. In conclusion, preantral follicles from pure-breed or crossbreed goats can be used with the same efficiency for in vitro culture of isolated caprine preantral follicles.
Assuntos
Animais , Estradiol/análise , Oócitos/citologia , Progesterona/análise , Cabras/classificaçãoResumo
The present study aimed to evaluate the survival, growth, antrum formation, oocyte extrusion, and hormone production during in vitro culture of caprine preantral follicles isolated from pure-breed (Saanen) or crossbreed (F1 generation: ½ Saanen + ½ Anglo-Nubian) goats. Secondary follicles (diameter: 150-250 µm) from Saanen or crossbreed (Saanen × Anglo-Nubian) goats were isolated from the ovarian cortex by microdissection and cultured in vitro for 18 days in α-modified minimum essential medium (α-MEM+) supplemented with vascular endothelial growth factor and increasing concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone. Every six days follicular morphology, growth, antrum formation, and follicular extrusion were evaluated. In addition, on days 2, 6, 12, and 18 of culture the medium samples were collected and stored at -20°C for further measurement of estradiol and progesterone. The follicular survival, antrum formation, and oocyte extrusion were analyzed by the Chi square test. Follicular diameter and hormone assays were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Survival rates, growth, antral follicle formation, and oocyte extrusion of preantral follicles cultured in vitro were similar between the different genetic groups. The production of estradiol and progesterone indicated the maintenance of cell viability throughout the culture. In conclusion, preantral follicles from pure-breed or crossbreed goats can be used with the same efficiency for in vitro culture of isolated caprine preantral follicles.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Oócitos/citologia , Estradiol/análise , Progesterona/análise , Cabras/classificaçãoResumo
Com o objetivo de melhorar os índices de produtividade de seus rebanhos, muitos criadores de regiões tropicais têm optado pela aquisição de animais especializados oriundos de regiões de clima temperado com condições climáticas bem diferenciadas das dos trópicos. Devido às altas temperaturas tropicais, estes animais estão constantemente susceptíveis ao estresse térmico, uma vez que não são dotados de mecanismos anatomo-fisiológicos necessários para manter a homeotermia, resultando em prejuízos para a produção e reprodução animal. Portanto, esta revisão tem por objetivo discorrer sobre os efeitos negativos do estresse térmico sobre a reprodução, enfocando aspectos relacionados à atividade ovariana e à mortalidade embrionária.(AU)
Aiming to improve the productivity rates of their herds, many farmers in tropical regions have opted for the acquisition of specialized animals come from temperate regions with weather conditions so different from those found in the tropics. Due to high tropical temperatures, these animals are constantly susceptible to heat stress; because they do not have anatomical and physiological mechanisms to maintain efficiently its homeostasis, resulting in prejudices to production and reproduction performances. This review aims to discuss the adverse effects of heat stress on female reproduction, emphasizing some aspects involved in ovarian activity and embryo mortality.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Reprodução , Bovinos/embriologia , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor , Hormônio Luteinizante/química , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/química , Mortalidade FetalResumo
Com o objetivo de melhorar os índices de produtividade de seus rebanhos, muitos criadores de regiões tropicais têm optado pela aquisição de animais especializados oriundos de regiões de clima temperado com condições climáticas bem diferenciadas das dos trópicos. Devido às altas temperaturas tropicais, estes animais estão constantemente susceptíveis ao estresse térmico, uma vez que não são dotados de mecanismos anatomo-fisiológicos necessários para manter a homeotermia, resultando em prejuízos para a produção e reprodução animal. Portanto, esta revisão tem por objetivo discorrer sobre os efeitos negativos do estresse térmico sobre a reprodução, enfocando aspectos relacionados à atividade ovariana e à mortalidade embrionária.
Aiming to improve the productivity rates of their herds, many farmers in tropical regions have opted for the acquisition of specialized animals come from temperate regions with weather conditions so different from those found in the tropics. Due to high tropical temperatures, these animals are constantly susceptible to heat stress; because they do not have anatomical and physiological mechanisms to maintain efficiently its homeostasis, resulting in prejudices to production and reproduction performances. This review aims to discuss the adverse effects of heat stress on female reproduction, emphasizing some aspects involved in ovarian activity and embryo mortality.
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Bovinos , Bovinos/embriologia , Reprodução , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/química , Hormônio Luteinizante/química , Mortalidade Fetal , Transtornos de Estresse por CalorResumo
Avaliou-se a influência do vírus da CAE nas características físico-químicas de amostras de leite de 54 cabras, sem predileção racial, distribuindo-as em dois grupos: cabras positivas e negativas para o teste de imunodifusão em gel de agarose. As amostras de leite foram submetidas à análise ultrassônica para obtenção de parâmetros físico-químicos - gordura, extrato seco, proteínas, lactose e densidade; realização de microbiologia - bactérias mesófilas (UCF/mL). Foram coletadas amostras de tecido mamário para exame histopatológico e imunohistoquímica. Não houve diferença significativa das características avaliadas entre os dois grupos; no microbiológico, não houve relação direta da presença de mesófilas associada à infecção pelo CAEV. Na histopatologia, observaram-se áreas com infiltração celular de monócitos, polimorfonucleares, plasmócitos, fibrose, ausência de morfologia normal do parênquima mamário, denotando processo inflamatório crônico; e foi confirmada a presença do vírus na glândula pela imunohistoquímica. Os resultados não mostraram relação direta da incidência da CAE como fator negativo no desenvolvimento do rebanho.(AU)
Aiming to evaluate the influence of CAE viruses in the chemical and physical characteristics of milk, the samples were collected from 54 goats, without racial predilection, these were divided into two groups: goats positive and negative according results of test Agarose Gel Immunodiffusion. Milk samples were ultrasonic analyzed to obtain physicochemical parameters (fat, solids, protein, lactose and density); performance microbiology (mesophilic bacteria - CFU/mL) and mammary gland samples were collected for evaluation histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The results of physical-chemical analysis showed no significant difference between the milk samples of two groups. In the microbiological analysis showed the presence of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, but this change is not associated with the presence of CAEV infection. On histopathology, there were areas with infiltration of mononuclear-leukocyte and polymorph nuclear, plasma cells, fibrosis and absence of normal morphology of the mammary tissue, indicating a chronic inflammatory process; and confirmed the presence of virus, in the gland, by immunohistochemistry. The results showed no direct relationship between incidence of CAE in the herd as a negative factor for its development, however it is known that the disease in its chronic nature, causes reduction in the productivity of the herd.(AU)