Resumo
Diagnosing Canine Visceral Leishmaniosis is challenging for veterinarians given that its hematological and biochemical abnormalities greatly resemble those of other illnesses of dogs, such as canine ehrlichiosis, which is caused by Ehrlichia canis and is highly prevalent with high pathogenicity. The aim of this study was to determine occurrences of serological positivity for the antigens of Ehrlichia canis and Leishmania infantum and its relationship to globulin concentrations in samples from dogs. Out of 93 samples tested, 12.9% were negative for the antigens of both L. infantum and E. canis; 33.3% were seropositive for both antigens. Discordant results were found from 18.3% that were positive only for L. infantum, while 35.5% were positive only for E. canis. Hyperglobulinemia was observed in 88.2% and the statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the high levels of globulins and seropositivity for the antigen of E. canis. However, the relationship between positivity for the antigen of L. infantum and hyperglobulinemia, showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between the two laboratory findings. From these results, it can be concluded that concomitant infections occur frequently and that hyperglobulinemia is more closely related to ehrlichiosis than to leishmaniosis, in dogs.
O diagnóstico da leishmaniose canina é um desafio ao Médico Veterinário visto que anormalidades hematológicas e bioquímicas muito se assemelham à outras enfermidades dos cães, como a erliquiose canina, causada pela Ehrlichia canis, muito prevalente e de alta patogenicidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a positividade sorológica frente aos antígenos de Ehrlichia canis e Leishmania infantum e a sua relação com as concentrações de globulinas em amostras de cães. Das 93 amostras testadas, 12,9% foram negativas frente aos antígenos de E. canis e L. infantum e 33% foram soropositivas. Resultados discordantes foram encontradas em 18,3% positivas apenas para L. infantum, enquanto que 35,5% reagiram apenas frente a E. canis. Hiperglobulinemia foi observada em 88,2% das amostras e a análise estatística mostrou haver relação significante entre a soropositividade frente aos antígenos de E. canis e a hiperglobulinemia, e em contrapartida, a relação entre esse aumento de globulinas e a positividade para L. infantum foi insignificante. Pelos resultados apresentados, pode-se concluir que as infecções concomitantes são frequentes e que a hiperglobulinemia está mais intimamente relacionada a erliquiose quando comparada à leishmaniose em cães.
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Biomarcadores , Cães/microbiologia , Cães/sangue , Ehrlichiose/diagnóstico , Leishmaniose/diagnóstico , Soro , Ehrlichia canis/patogenicidade , Leishmania infantum/patogenicidadeResumo
Diagnosing Canine Visceral Leishmaniosis is challenging for veterinarians given that its hematological and biochemical abnormalities greatly resemble those of other illnesses of dogs, such as canine ehrlichiosis, which is caused by Ehrlichia canis and is highly prevalent with high pathogenicity. The aim of this study was to determine occurrences of serological positivity for the antigens of Ehrlichia canis and Leishmania infantum and its relationship to globulin concentrations in samples from dogs. Out of 93 samples tested, 12.9% were negative for the antigens of both L. infantum and E. canis; 33.3% were seropositive for both antigens. Discordant results were found from 18.3% that were positive only for L. infantum, while 35.5% were positive only for E. canis. Hyperglobulinemia was observed in 88.2% and the statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the high levels of globulins and seropositivity for the antigen of E. canis. However, the relationship between positivity for the antigen of L. infantum and hyperglobulinemia, showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between the two laboratory findings. From these results, it can be concluded that concomitant infections occur frequently and that hyperglobulinemia is more closely related to ehrlichiosis than to leishmaniosis, in dogs.(AU)
O diagnóstico da leishmaniose canina é um desafio ao Médico Veterinário visto que anormalidades hematológicas e bioquímicas muito se assemelham à outras enfermidades dos cães, como a erliquiose canina, causada pela Ehrlichia canis, muito prevalente e de alta patogenicidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a positividade sorológica frente aos antígenos de Ehrlichia canis e Leishmania infantum e a sua relação com as concentrações de globulinas em amostras de cães. Das 93 amostras testadas, 12,9% foram negativas frente aos antígenos de E. canis e L. infantum e 33% foram soropositivas. Resultados discordantes foram encontradas em 18,3% positivas apenas para L. infantum, enquanto que 35,5% reagiram apenas frente a E. canis. Hiperglobulinemia foi observada em 88,2% das amostras e a análise estatística mostrou haver relação significante entre a soropositividade frente aos antígenos de E. canis e a hiperglobulinemia, e em contrapartida, a relação entre esse aumento de globulinas e a positividade para L. infantum foi insignificante. Pelos resultados apresentados, pode-se concluir que as infecções concomitantes são frequentes e que a hiperglobulinemia está mais intimamente relacionada a erliquiose quando comparada à leishmaniose em cães.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Biomarcadores , Soro , Leishmaniose/diagnóstico , Ehrlichiose/diagnóstico , Cães/sangue , Cães/microbiologia , Ehrlichia canis/patogenicidade , Leishmania infantum/patogenicidadeResumo
Avaliou-se o efeito da inclusão de probiótico sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras semipesadas no segundo ciclo de postura. Foram utilizadas 450 aves com 69 semanas de idade, distribuídas aleatoriamente em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em cinco tratamentos, seis repetições e 15 aves por unidade experimental. A ração experimental foi à base de milho e farelo de soja e suplementada com probiótico composto por Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus faecium e Bifidobacterium bifidum. O experimento teve a duração de 16 semanas e foi dividido em quatro períodos de 28 dias cada, nos quais as aves receberam cinco rações experimentais contendo diferentes porcentagens de inclusão de probiótico, 0; 0,05; 0,10; 0,15 e 0,20%. Não foi observado efeito (P>0,05) da inclusão de probiótico sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos de galinhas poedeiras no segundo ciclo de postura. A inclusão de 0,10% de probiótico influenciou negativamente a gravidade específica dos ovos. A utilização de probiótico para galinhas no segundo ciclo de postura não interfere na produção e na qualidade dos ovos.(AU)
Evaluating the effect of the inclusion of probiotic on the performance and egg quality of laying hens in the second laying cycle, 450 birds were used at 69 weeks of age, distributed in a completely randomized design, in five treatments, six replicates and 15 poultries per experimental unit. The experimental diets were based on corn and soybean meal and supplemented with increasing levels of probiotic consisting of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus faecium, and Bifidobacterium bifidum. The experiment lasted 16 weeks, divided into four periods of 28 days each, in which the birds were fed five experimental diets containing different percentages of probiotic inclusion, 0; 0.05; 0.10; 0.15 and 0.20%, in the period from 69 to 85 weeks of age. There was no effect (P> 0.05) of the inclusion of probiotic on performance and egg quality of laying hens in the second laying cycle. The inclusion of 0.10% of probiotic negatively influenced the specific gravity of eggs. The probiotic used for laying hens in the second cycle does not interfere in production and egg quality.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Probióticos/análise , Ração Animal/análise , Galinhas/fisiologia , Ovos/análise , Cálcio/análise , Lactobacillus acidophilus/química , Enterococcus faecium , BifidobacteriumResumo
Diagnosing Canine Visceral Leishmaniosis is challenging for veterinarians given that its hematological and biochemical abnormalities greatly resemble those of other illnesses of dogs, such as canine ehrlichiosis, which is caused by Ehrlichia canis and is highly prevalent with high pathogenicity. The aim of this study was to determine occurrences of serological positivity for the antigens of Ehrlichia canis and Leishmania infantum and its relationship to globulin concentrations in samples from dogs. Out of 93 samples tested, 12.9% were negative for the antigens of both L. infantum and E. canis; 33.3% were seropositive for both antigens. Discordant results were found from 18.3% that were positive only for L. infantum, while 35.5% were positive only for E. canis. Hyperglobulinemia was observed in 88.2% and the statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the high levels of globulins and seropositivity for the antigen of E. canis. However, the relationship between positivity for the antigen of L. infantum and hyperglobulinemia, showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between the two laboratory findings. From these results, it can be concluded that concomitant infections occur frequently and that hyperglobulinemia is more closely related to ehrlichiosis than to leishmaniosis, in dogs.