Exigência de lisina digestível de frangos de corte machos de 22 a 42 dias de idade / Digestible lysine levels of male broilers from 22 to 42 days of age

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a exigência de lisina digestível para frangos de corte machos sob as características de desempenho, composição corporal e rendimento de carcaça dos animais, de 22 a 42 dias de idade. As dietas diferiram quanto aos níveis de lisina digestível, mantendo-se a relação dos demais aminoácidos com a lisina. Foram utilizados seis níveis de lisina digestível: 0,88%; 0,96%; 1,05%; 1,13%; 1,22%; e 1,30%. Distribuídos em 36 unidades experimentais de 36 aves cada, 1296 animais da linhagem Cobb - 500® tiveram as seguintes características de desempenho avaliadas: consumo de ração (CR), peso corporal (PC), ganho de peso (GP), conversão alimentar (CA), viabilidade criatória (VC) e índice de eficiência produtiva (IEP). Aos 42 dias de idade, foram selecionadas ao acaso cinco aves para avaliação do rendimento de carcaça, e duas para avaliação da composição corporal. A CA, o IEP e o rendimento de peito foram influenciados, sendo sua exigência de 1,30%, sugerindo que níveis maiores de lisina digestível que as recomendações utilizadas como base neste estudo (1,13%) trouxeram benefícios aos animais sobre essas características.(AU)

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the optimal levels of digestible lysine in the diet of male broilers, evaluating performance characteristics, body composition, and carcass yield of the animals in the final phase (22 to 42 days old). The diets differed in digestible lysine content, maintaining the relation among the other amino acids and lysine in accordance with the ideal protein concept. The six levels of digestible lysine in the diet were: 0.88%; 0.96%; 1.05%; 1.13%; 1.22%, and 1.30%. A total of 1296 animals were employed, distributed in 36 experimental units of 36 birds each. The determined performance characteristics corresponded to feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), feed conversion (FC), viability (VB), and productive efficiency index (PEI). At 42 days of age seven birds per experimental unit were selected at random, five for the estimation of yield and total carcass and commercial cut weight, and two for the evaluation of body composition. FC, animal breast yield and PEI weres influenced with requirements of 1.30%. With respect to nationally known recommendations regarding digestible lysine (1.13%), higher levels of the amino acid in the diet have brought benefits regarding the characteristics above.(AU)

Exigência de lisina digestível de frangos de corte machos de 22 a 42 dias de idade / Digestible lysine levels of male broilers from 22 to 42 days of age

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a exigência de lisina digestível para frangos de corte machos sob as características de desempenho, composição corporal e rendimento de carcaça dos animais, de 22 a 42 dias de idade. As dietas diferiram quanto aos níveis de lisina digestível, mantendo-se a relação dos demais aminoácidos com a lisina. Foram utilizados seis níveis de lisina digestível: 0,88%; 0,96%; 1,05%; 1,13%; 1,22%; e 1,30%. Distribuídos em 36 unidades experimentais de 36 aves cada, 1296 animais da linhagem Cobb - 500® tiveram as seguintes características de desempenho avaliadas: consumo de ração (CR), peso corporal (PC), ganho de peso (GP), conversão alimentar (CA), viabilidade criatória (VC) e índice de eficiência produtiva (IEP). Aos 42 dias de idade, foram selecionadas ao acaso cinco aves para avaliação do rendimento de carcaça, e duas para avaliação da composição corporal. A CA, o IEP e o rendimento de peito foram influenciados, sendo sua exigência de 1,30%, sugerindo que níveis maiores de lisina digestível que as recomendações utilizadas como base neste estudo (1,13%) trouxeram benefícios aos animais sobre essas características.(AU)

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the optimal levels of digestible lysine in the diet of male broilers, evaluating performance characteristics, body composition, and carcass yield of the animals in the final phase (22 to 42 days old). The diets differed in digestible lysine content, maintaining the relation among the other amino acids and lysine in accordance with the ideal protein concept. The six levels of digestible lysine in the diet were: 0.88%; 0.96%; 1.05%; 1.13%; 1.22%, and 1.30%. A total of 1296 animals were employed, distributed in 36 experimental units of 36 birds each. The determined performance characteristics corresponded to feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), feed conversion (FC), viability (VB), and productive efficiency index (PEI). At 42 days of age seven birds per experimental unit were selected at random, five for the estimation of yield and total carcass and commercial cut weight, and two for the evaluation of body composition. FC, animal breast yield and PEI weres influenced with requirements of 1.30%. With respect to nationally known recommendations regarding digestible lysine (1.13%), higher levels of the amino acid in the diet have brought benefits regarding the characteristics above.(AU)

Supra-nutritional Levels of Selected B Vitamins in Animal or Vegetable Diets for Broiler Chicken

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supra-nutritional level of selected B vitamins in different types of diet on broiler performance. Two experiments were conducted using male and female one-day-old chicks (n=288 each; initial body weights in experiment I and II was, respectively, 47.57 ± 0.43, and 47.98 ± 0.31) reared in batteries up to 18 days. In experiment I, the chicks were fed a corn and soybean meal-based diet and, in experiment II, a diet containing oxidized animal by-product meals and soybean oil was used. Both experiments followed a completely randomized design in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of the factors: i) supplementation levels of selected B vitamins (control, 3- or 6-times control of the vitamins riboflavin, pantothenic acid, niacin, folic acid and vitamin B12); ii) dietary nutritional density (low or high), totaling 6 treatments and 8 replicates of 6 birds each (3 males and 3 females). As result of this study, in Exp. I, chicks showed higher weight gain (741.1 g vs. 697.3 g) and feed intake (920.2 vs. 878.5 g) when fed low-nutritional density diet with supra-nutritional vitamin level 6-times higher than the control. However, this effect was not found in the performance of chickens fed high-nutritional density diet. Despite the poor quality of the ingredients used in Exp. II, no statistical effect was shown of the use of vitamin super-dose in rations with different dietary nutrient density. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly improved for chickens fed high-nutritional density diet (1.191 vs. 1.246 in experiment I, 1.244 vs. 1.275 in experiment II, p 0.01). We conclude that birds fed a vegetable diet formulated with low-dietary density improved body weight (BW) and feed intake (FI) when receiving supra-nutritional levels of vitamins 6-times higher than the control.(AU)

Supra-nutritional Levels of Selected B Vitamins in Animal or Vegetable Diets for Broiler Chicken

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supra-nutritional level of selected B vitamins in different types of diet on broiler performance. Two experiments were conducted using male and female one-day-old chicks (n=288 each; initial body weights in experiment I and II was, respectively, 47.57 ± 0.43, and 47.98 ± 0.31) reared in batteries up to 18 days. In experiment I, the chicks were fed a corn and soybean meal-based diet and, in experiment II, a diet containing oxidized animal by-product meals and soybean oil was used. Both experiments followed a completely randomized design in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of the factors: i) supplementation levels of selected B vitamins (control, 3- or 6-times control of the vitamins riboflavin, pantothenic acid, niacin, folic acid and vitamin B12); ii) dietary nutritional density (low or high), totaling 6 treatments and 8 replicates of 6 birds each (3 males and 3 females). As result of this study, in Exp. I, chicks showed higher weight gain (741.1 g vs. 697.3 g) and feed intake (920.2 vs. 878.5 g) when fed low-nutritional density diet with supra-nutritional vitamin level 6-times higher than the control. However, this effect was not found in the performance of chickens fed high-nutritional density diet. Despite the poor quality of the ingredients used in Exp. II, no statistical effect was shown of the use of vitamin super-dose in rations with different dietary nutrient density. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly improved for chickens fed high-nutritional density diet (1.191 vs. 1.246 in experiment I, 1.244 vs. 1.275 in experiment II, p 0.01). We conclude that birds fed a vegetable diet formulated with low-dietary density improved body weight (BW) and feed intake (FI) when receiving supra-nutritional levels of vitamins 6-times higher than the control.

Effects of nutritional levels on performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility of sexed broilers

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary nutrient levels on performance, carcass yield, commercial cuts, digestibility and economical viability of broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. During the experiment, 180 COBB 500™ chicks were housed in metal batteries and subjected to a completely randomized design in a 2x3 factorial arrangement, of two sexes and three diets (male, female and mixed), totaling 6 treatments and 6 repetitions of 5 birds each. Data were subjected to statistical analysis and the means were compared using the Tukey test, at 5% probability. The results indicate the effect of sex on performance and commercial cuts, except for breast and thigh fillets, in which males and females showed similar results when given the mixed diet. The influence of the nutritional levels on performance, digestibility and commercial cuts was observed, in which the female diet showed the highest results for feed intake, body weight and weight gain, in addition to greater retention of protein and crude energy. For drumstick and abdominal fat yield, the highest values were obtained using the mixed diet and the female diet, and the lowest values were obtained using the male diet. Regarding economic viability, the female diet showed the highest return per unit of Real (R$) spent on feed. Therefore, these data prove that the female diet had a positive effect when provided to both sexes, and it may be a promising alternative for its application at the production level.(AU)

Effects of nutritional levels on performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility of sexed broilers

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary nutrient levels on performance, carcass yield, commercial cuts, digestibility and economical viability of broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. During the experiment, 180 COBB 500™ chicks were housed in metal batteries and subjected to a completely randomized design in a 2x3 factorial arrangement, of two sexes and three diets (male, female and mixed), totaling 6 treatments and 6 repetitions of 5 birds each. Data were subjected to statistical analysis and the means were compared using the Tukey test, at 5% probability. The results indicate the effect of sex on performance and commercial cuts, except for breast and thigh fillets, in which males and females showed similar results when given the mixed diet. The influence of the nutritional levels on performance, digestibility and commercial cuts was observed, in which the female diet showed the highest results for feed intake, body weight and weight gain, in addition to greater retention of protein and crude energy. For drumstick and abdominal fat yield, the highest values were obtained using the mixed diet and the female diet, and the lowest values were obtained using the male diet. Regarding economic viability, the female diet showed the highest return per unit of Real (R$) spent on feed. Therefore, these data prove that the female diet had a positive effect when provided to both sexes, and it may be a promising alternative for its application at the production level.