Resumo
The aim of this study was to investigate uterine involution using ultrasonography techniques during postpartum. Postpartum ultrasonography evaluation (B-mode, color Doppler and Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse elastography) of the uterus was performed by transabdominal approach at immediate after birth and sequentially every 48 hours, during 30 days. The uterine echotexture did not present significant variations (P >0.05) being homogeneous in most evaluations; echogenicity of the uterus increased along the evaluation period (P =0.0452). Progressive and remarkable decrease of the total uterine diameter (UD) were observed (P <0.0001), especially during the first days postpartum. The thickness of uterine wall gradually decreased, as well the endometrial, myometrium and lumen diameters (P <0.0001). Uterine blood flow was assessed by Doppler and decreased during postpartum period, being significantly lower (P=0.0225) on the 30th day of postpartum. Uterine parenchyma presented as homogeneous dark areas (not deformable) on qualitative ultrasound elastography and the means shear velocity values of the uterine wall on quantitative elastography did not differ. This is the first study that evaluate the stiffness of uterine wall in healthy ewes, providing baseline data about quantitative and qualitative stiffness of the normal uterus, and it may be a useful tool for early diagnosis of uterine alterations during the postpartum period, using the reference parameter established for the assessment of uterine integrity during postpartum period.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Útero/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ovinos/fisiologia , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Período Pós-Parto/fisiologia , Rigidez Muscular/veterináriaResumo
Resynchronization protocols have been proposed as a way of shortening females' unproductive time in the flock, with good results in cattle and sheep. In goats, initial studies have shown that a second progestogen device inserted before luteolysis and pregnancy diagnosis does not interfere with the corpus luteum lifespan or functionality. This study aimed to evaluate the follicular growth, ovulation pattern and pregnancy rate after insertion of a second and new progestogen device for resynchronizing, with or without equine Chorionic Gonadotrophin (eCG), submitted to natural mating (NM) or artificial insemination (AI) to propose a viable resynchronization protocol for dairy goats. A total of 38 multiparous Saanen goats underwent a short-term progesterone protocol [six days exposed to medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) intravaginal sponges + 200 IU eCG and 0.12 mg of cloprostenol sodium on the 5th day + 0.025 mg of lecirelin 34 hours after sponge withdrawal] and, on day 16th after the ovulation, received a new MAP device which was retained until day 21. At this moment females were split into four groups: GeCG+NM 100 IU eCG with NM; GSal+NM saline solution with NM; GeCG+AI 100 IU eCG with AI; and GSal+AI saline solution with AI. Ultrasound scans were performed every 12 h from sponge withdrawal (day 21) until 108 h after sponge withdrawal (day 25) for follicular dynamics evaluation, at 240 h (day 31) for assessing the presence of active corpus luteum, and on day 60 for pregnancy diagnosis. No differences were found regarding ovulation time, synchronization and follicle size. However, GeCG+NM presented a greater estrus manifestation rate (100%) and pregnancy rate (62.5%) when compared to GSal+AI. In conclusion, resynchronization protocols in dairy goats may present satisfactory results.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Detecção da Ovulação/veterinária , Cabras/fisiologia , Eletrocardiografia/efeitos adversos , Sincronização do Estro/fisiologia , Gonadotropina Coriônica/análise , Progestinas/análise , Comportamento Sexual Animal , Prenhez/fisiologiaResumo
The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood flow of the uterine artery, fetal aorta and umbilical artery in the physiological pregnancy of sheep by means of pulsed Doppler throughout the gestational period. Thirty Santa Inês ewes weighing between 45.4±4.3 kg and aged 2 to 5 years were selected. The evaluations were carried out weekly from the 3rd to the 21st gestational week. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistance index (RI) were obtained. Analysis of variance was performed, and the minimum significant comparison of means was obtained by the BH test with adjusted P<0.05. The results were expressed as mean ± standard error. For the fetal aorta, there was an increase in the EDV values and a decrease in the PSV and RI throughout pregnancy. For the uterine artery, PSV and EDV did not present significant variation, whereas the RI showed a reduction in the last week. Increased EDV values were found for the umbilical artery throughout pregnancy. For the PSV there was no significant difference, as the RI was reduced at the end of pregnancy. The results obtained are expected to contribute to a more complete understanding of the hemodynamic changes resulting from pregnancy.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Ovinos , Artéria Uterina , Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional , Pressão Sanguínea , PrenhezResumo
The aim of this study was to andrologicaly evaluate confined young bulls submitted to a diet rich instarch, correlating andrological traditional data with ultrasonography and testicular histology. 40 bullsconfined for 94 days were submitted to 4 assessments to obtain testicular biometry, ultrasound images andsemen collection and evaluation of the testes after slaughter. There was a progressive increase in weight 341.7 ±15 kg at baseline to 453.6 ± 30 kg at the end of feedlot in 94 days, and testis, with CE of 28.44 ± 3:36 cm to34.68 ± 8.21 cm, VT 677.5 ± 234.7 mm3 to 2663.5 ± 1004 mm3. Ultrasound images showed changes from the56th day. Histological analysis presented alterations from inflammatory findings and testicular degeneration.The study showed that feedlot bulls submitted to high-energy diet rich in starch presented progressive testiculardevelopment and weight, however, it resulted in sonographic, histopathologic and andrological alterations.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Bovinos , Bovinos/anatomia & histologia , Células Estromais , Andrologia , Ultrassonografia/veterináriaResumo
The aim of this study was to andrologicaly evaluate confined young bulls submitted to a diet rich instarch, correlating andrological traditional data with ultrasonography and testicular histology. 40 bullsconfined for 94 days were submitted to 4 assessments to obtain testicular biometry, ultrasound images andsemen collection and evaluation of the testes after slaughter. There was a progressive increase in weight 341.7 ±15 kg at baseline to 453.6 ± 30 kg at the end of feedlot in 94 days, and testis, with CE of 28.44 ± 3:36 cm to34.68 ± 8.21 cm, VT 677.5 ± 234.7 mm3 to 2663.5 ± 1004 mm3. Ultrasound images showed changes from the56th day. Histological analysis presented alterations from inflammatory findings and testicular degeneration.The study showed that feedlot bulls submitted to high-energy diet rich in starch presented progressive testiculardevelopment and weight, however, it resulted in sonographic, histopathologic and andrological alterations.
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Bovinos , Andrologia , Bovinos/anatomia & histologia , Células Estromais , Ultrassonografia/veterináriaResumo
Whereas intrauterine deposition of semen is essential to obtain high rates of fertilization, the aim of thisstudy was to develop a new technique of video-assisted transcervical artificial insemination. It was used a rigidendoscope with 17.5 cm by 2.5 mm of diameter to facilitate the passage of cervical rings and allow intrauterinedeposition of semen. The frequency of types of cervical ostium was 40%, 30%, 20% and 10%, beeing papilla,smooth, flap and rosettes respectively. The average penetration was 1.4 ± 0.96 cervical rings, and the access tothe uterus was impossible in 100% of animals, semen was deposited on superficial cervical region in 90% ofanimals and 10% in the mean cervical region, average time of passage was 4' and 10'', obtaining 10% ofpregnancy rate. It was concluded that the studied technique requires adaptations as semi-flexible and smaller indiameter optics to provide better results.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Histeroscopia/métodos , Histeroscopia/veterinária , Inseminação Artificial/métodos , Inseminação Artificial/veterinária , Ovinos/embriologia , EndoscopiaResumo
Whereas intrauterine deposition of semen is essential to obtain high rates of fertilization, the aim of thisstudy was to develop a new technique of video-assisted transcervical artificial insemination. It was used a rigidendoscope with 17.5 cm by 2.5 mm of diameter to facilitate the passage of cervical rings and allow intrauterinedeposition of semen. The frequency of types of cervical ostium was 40%, 30%, 20% and 10%, beeing papilla,smooth, flap and rosettes respectively. The average penetration was 1.4 ± 0.96 cervical rings, and the access tothe uterus was impossible in 100% of animals, semen was deposited on superficial cervical region in 90% ofanimals and 10% in the mean cervical region, average time of passage was 4' and 10'', obtaining 10% ofpregnancy rate. It was concluded that the studied technique requires adaptations as semi-flexible and smaller indiameter optics to provide better results.
Assuntos
Animais , Histeroscopia/métodos , Histeroscopia/veterinária , Inseminação Artificial/métodos , Inseminação Artificial/veterinária , Ovinos/embriologia , EndoscopiaResumo
Background: Laparoscopy provides good visualization of horses abdominal cavity, besides providing minimal invasiveness and meticulous manipulation intra-abdominal organs. Laparoscopy is suitable for both diagnosing and treating acute abdomen in horses. The purpose of this study was to report a successful case of laparoscopic-assisted surgery for treating sand impaction in a horse.Case: A 3-year-old horse, weighing 460 kg, was admitted following chronic intermittent episodes of diarrhea and colic. Physical exam revealed mild abdominal pain and liquid/pasty diarrhea. There was negative survey of gastrointestinal helminthes and microbiological analyses. Fecal sedimentation test revealed sand impaction. Surgical approach was opted for both accomplishment of the abdominal exploration and resolution of the impactation. The patient was anesthetized and positioned in dorsal recumbency. Laparoscopy was performed through an 11-mm trocar placed right cranially to the umbilicus. There were no apparent adhesions, bowel inflammation nor visceral displacement. A 15-cm celiotomy was carried out caudally to the umbilicus, under laparoscopic guidance, for initial inspection of the gastrointestinal tract. Incision enlargement was required for exteriorizing the pelvic flexure. Afterwards, enterotomy was carried out for drainage of the impactating content, followed by enterorraphy. The pelvic flex...(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Laparoscopia/veterinária , Pelve/cirurgia , Areia/efeitos adversos , Cólica/veterinária , Sedimentos , Cavalos , Intestinos/cirurgia , Ferida Cirúrgica/veterináriaResumo
Background: Laparoscopy provides good visualization of horses abdominal cavity, besides providing minimal invasiveness and meticulous manipulation intra-abdominal organs. Laparoscopy is suitable for both diagnosing and treating acute abdomen in horses. The purpose of this study was to report a successful case of laparoscopic-assisted surgery for treating sand impaction in a horse.Case: A 3-year-old horse, weighing 460 kg, was admitted following chronic intermittent episodes of diarrhea and colic. Physical exam revealed mild abdominal pain and liquid/pasty diarrhea. There was negative survey of gastrointestinal helminthes and microbiological analyses. Fecal sedimentation test revealed sand impaction. Surgical approach was opted for both accomplishment of the abdominal exploration and resolution of the impactation. The patient was anesthetized and positioned in dorsal recumbency. Laparoscopy was performed through an 11-mm trocar placed right cranially to the umbilicus. There were no apparent adhesions, bowel inflammation nor visceral displacement. A 15-cm celiotomy was carried out caudally to the umbilicus, under laparoscopic guidance, for initial inspection of the gastrointestinal tract. Incision enlargement was required for exteriorizing the pelvic flexure. Afterwards, enterotomy was carried out for drainage of the impactating content, followed by enterorraphy. The pelvic flex...