Use of monopolar cauterization by cystoscopy for ectopic intramural ureter correction in a bitch

Background: The ectopic ureter (EU) is considered a congenital anomaly in which the ureteral aperture opens in a positionother than the bladder neck. The diagnosis involves the use of different methods or combination of image exams, including excretory urography, pneumocystography, ultrasonography, cystoscopy and computed tomography. The technics forsurgical repair should be considered evaluating the number and functionality of the EU, the location of the ureteral opening, functional condition of ipsilateral kidney and the presence of other abnormalities. The case reports aims to show thesurgical repair of an intramural EU in an English Bulldog bitch by cystoscopy-guided monopolar cautery.Case: A 1-year-old English Bulldog bitch received medical care due to a history of urinary incontinence since a few monthsof life. The animal had laboratory abnormalities compatible with lower urinary tract infection, followed by a profoundgrowth of Klebsiella sp in urine culture, and received antibiotic treatment for 21 days based on antibiogram results. Dueto a suspect EU, a urinary tract tomography was performed and indicated a congenital kidney malformation (renal dysplasia), enlargement and distal insertion of the left ureter (in comparison with the contralateral one), rising suspiciously ofits intramural progression. We choose to proceed to cystoscopy examination, in which both right and left ureteral ostiumcould be seen in the urethral region. A guide of a pigtail catheter was inserted through both ureteral ostia in order to orientthe ureteral incision. The monopolar cautery was inserted in cystoscopy working channel to section the mucosa of EUchannel on urethra region, separating the lumen of EU from the urethra and extending the incision cranially inside theurinary bladder lumen. After a complete section of the ectopic tissue, a pigtail urinary catheter was correctly placed inboth ureters...

Use of monopolar cauterization by cystoscopy for ectopic intramural ureter correction in a bitch

Background: The ectopic ureter (EU) is considered a congenital anomaly in which the ureteral aperture opens in a positionother than the bladder neck. The diagnosis involves the use of different methods or combination of image exams, including excretory urography, pneumocystography, ultrasonography, cystoscopy and computed tomography. The technics forsurgical repair should be considered evaluating the number and functionality of the EU, the location of the ureteral opening, functional condition of ipsilateral kidney and the presence of other abnormalities. The case reports aims to show thesurgical repair of an intramural EU in an English Bulldog bitch by cystoscopy-guided monopolar cautery.Case: A 1-year-old English Bulldog bitch received medical care due to a history of urinary incontinence since a few monthsof life. The animal had laboratory abnormalities compatible with lower urinary tract infection, followed by a profoundgrowth of Klebsiella sp in urine culture, and received antibiotic treatment for 21 days based on antibiogram results. Dueto a suspect EU, a urinary tract tomography was performed and indicated a congenital kidney malformation (renal dysplasia), enlargement and distal insertion of the left ureter (in comparison with the contralateral one), rising suspiciously ofits intramural progression. We choose to proceed to cystoscopy examination, in which both right and left ureteral ostiumcould be seen in the urethral region. A guide of a pigtail catheter was inserted through both ureteral ostia in order to orientthe ureteral incision. The monopolar cautery was inserted in cystoscopy working channel to section the mucosa of EUchannel on urethra region, separating the lumen of EU from the urethra and extending the incision cranially inside theurinary bladder lumen. After a complete section of the ectopic tissue, a pigtail urinary catheter was correctly placed inboth ureters...(AU)

Comportamento da membrana biossintética de celulose como implante peritendíneo em potros / Behavior of cellulose biosynthetic membrane as a peritendinous implant in foals

Background: Tendon injuries are common in horses and are commonly associated with lameness and athletic career disruption.Adhesions formed between the tendons and the surrounding tissues compromise the sliding and movement of the structures,compromising their functionality. Therefore, the control of adhesion formation is critical to restore the structural integrity of thetendon, as well as its biomechanical function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of the biosynthetic cellulosemembrane implanted in foals with surgically induced tendinitis of the superficial digital flexor.Materials, Methods & Results: Six healthy foals were used, which underwent tendinitis induction in the superficial digital flexorof the right and left forelimbs. The lesions was induced by local ischemia by crushing the tendon with hemostatic forceps. Thebiosynthetic cellulose membrane was implanted only in the right forelimb, involving the superficial digital flexor tendon in theregion of the ischemia and the left forelimb was used as control. After surgery, both forelimb were immobilized with syntheticplaster cast for 15 days. Ultrasonography was performed in six foals immediately before (M0), at 15° (M1) at and 30° (M2) day,and three were evaluate at 45° (M3) and 60° (M4) day after surgery. Incisional biopsies were performed in three animals on the30° day and in three animals on the 60° day after surgery. Histopathological examination involved the analysis of tissue disorganization, presence and type of inflammatory infiltrate and neovascularization, according to the score of 0 to 3. Ultrasonographyallowed visualization of the membrane, which was characterized as a continuous hyperechoic line at the edges of the tendon at15 days (M1). In addition, at 30 and 45 days after surgery, interruption of the hyperechoic line and reduction of echogenicitywere observed, and no echogenic lines were observed at 60 days after surgery...(AU)

Comportamento da membrana biossintética de celulose como implante peritendíneo em potros / Behavior of cellulose biosynthetic membrane as a peritendinous implant in foals

Background: Tendon injuries are common in horses and are commonly associated with lameness and athletic career disruption.Adhesions formed between the tendons and the surrounding tissues compromise the sliding and movement of the structures,compromising their functionality. Therefore, the control of adhesion formation is critical to restore the structural integrity of thetendon, as well as its biomechanical function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of the biosynthetic cellulosemembrane implanted in foals with surgically induced tendinitis of the superficial digital flexor.Materials, Methods & Results: Six healthy foals were used, which underwent tendinitis induction in the superficial digital flexorof the right and left forelimbs. The lesions was induced by local ischemia by crushing the tendon with hemostatic forceps. Thebiosynthetic cellulose membrane was implanted only in the right forelimb, involving the superficial digital flexor tendon in theregion of the ischemia and the left forelimb was used as control. After surgery, both forelimb were immobilized with syntheticplaster cast for 15 days. Ultrasonography was performed in six foals immediately before (M0), at 15° (M1) at and 30° (M2) day,and three were evaluate at 45° (M3) and 60° (M4) day after surgery. Incisional biopsies were performed in three animals on the30° day and in three animals on the 60° day after surgery. Histopathological examination involved the analysis of tissue disorganization, presence and type of inflammatory infiltrate and neovascularization, according to the score of 0 to 3. Ultrasonographyallowed visualization of the membrane, which was characterized as a continuous hyperechoic line at the edges of the tendon at15 days (M1). In addition, at 30 and 45 days after surgery, interruption of the hyperechoic line and reduction of echogenicitywere observed, and no echogenic lines were observed at 60 days after surgery...

Transfer of passive immunity and serum proteinogram in the first six months of life of Criollo Lageano and black and white holstein calves / Transferência de imunidade passiva e proteinograma sérico de bezerros das raças Crioula lageana e Holandesa preta e branca nos primeiros seis meses de vida

The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the transfer of passive immunity and the proteinogram in Criollo Lageano (CL) and Black and White Holstein (BWH) calves. Two groups were utilized with 13 Criollo Lageano and 10 BWH calves. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of total serum protein, electrophoresis of serum proteins, activity of the gamma glutamyl transferase, and concentration of IgG by the method of the zinc sulfate turbidity in periods between 24 and 36 hours of life, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Tukey test at 5% significance level, and correlations between variables were calculated. Variations of serum proteins followed a pattern of physiological behavior over the first six months of life and production of immunoglobulins was active earlier in BWH calves and slower in the Criollo Lageano, without causing any impact on their health. Gamma globulin in the first days of life (24-36h) was correlated with IgG (r=0.87 for CL and r=0.89 for BWH), PTS (r=0.91 for CL and r=0.92 for BWH), Glob (r=0.99 for CL and r=0.98 for BWH) and GGT (r=0.14 for CL and r=0.83 for BWH). It was concluded that there was no failure in the transfer of passive immunity in Criollo Lageano calves but this failure occurred in the BWH calves. IgG values estimated by the zinc sulfate turbidity and serum proteins were considered good indicators of the transfer of passive immunity in calves between 24 and 36 hours of life.(AU)

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar e comparar a transferência de imunidade passiva e o proteinograma em bezerros da raça Crioula Lageana (CL) e Holandesa Preta e Branca (HPB). Foram utilizados dois grupos sendo 13 bezerros da raça Crioula Lageana e 10 da raça HPB. Amostras de sangue foram colhidas para a mensuração da proteína sérica total, eletroforese das proteínas séricas, atividade da gama-glutamiltransferase e concentração de IgG pelo método de turvação pelo sulfato de zinco nos períodos entre 24 e 36 horas de vida, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 e 180 dias. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste de ANOVA e Tukey ao nível de 5% de significância, e correlações entre as variáveis. As variações das proteínas séricas obedeceram a um padrão de comportamento fisiológico ao longo dos seis primeiros meses de vida e a produção ativa de imunoglobulinas foi mais precoce nos bezerros da raça Holandesa e mais lenta nos da raça Crioula Lageana, sem provocar qualquer impacto sobre a saúde dos mesmos. A gamaglobulina no primeiro dia de vida (24-36h) correlacionou-se com a IgG (r=0,87 CL e r=0,89 HPB), PTS (r=0,91 CL e r=0,92 HPB), Glob (r=0,99 CL e r=0,98) e GGT (r=0,14 CL e r=0,83 HPB). Conclui-se que não houve falha na transferência de imunidade passiva nos bezerros da raça Crioula Lageana e falha na raça Holandesa Preta e Branca. Os valores de IgG estimados pelo método da turvação pelo sulfato de zinco e das proteínas séricas foram bons indicadores da transferência de imunidade passiva nos bezerros entre 24 e 36 horas de vida.(AU)

Tenossinovite Infecciosa no tendão extensor carpo radial por Dermatobiose em potro raça quarto de Milha: relato de caso / Infectious tenosynovitis the tendon extender radial carpal by dermatobiosis in Quarter Horse foal: case report / Tenosinovitis infecciosa dei tendón extensor dei carpo radial por dermatobiosis en el Barrio el potro dei caballo: presentación de un caso

Relata-se um caso de tenossinovite infecciosa no tendão extensor carpo radial por dermatobiose (Dermatobia hominis) em um potro da raça Quarto de Milha. A queixa principal era aumento de volume na região dorsal da articulação do carpo no membro anterior esquerdo, com dor e calor. Realizada avaliação e tratamento clínico instituído pelo médico veterinário, não houve melhora no quadro. Com base no histórico e sinais clínicos juntamente com o exame complementar ultrassonográfico foi diagnosticada a afecção tenossinovite infecciosa, assim optou-se pelo tratamento cirúrgico. Após quarenta e cinco dias do ato cirúrgico não evidenciou processo inflamatório na região tendínea manipulada cirurgicamente.

We report a case of infectious tenosynovitis in extensor tendon carpi radial by dermatobiosis (Dermotobia hominis) in a foal Quarter Mile race. The main complaint was swelling in the dorsal region ofthe carpal joint on the left fore limb, with pain and heat. Held assessment and clinical treatment by the veterinarian, there was no improvement in picture. Based on the history and clinical signs along with the complementary sonographic examination was diagnosed infectious tenosynovitis condition, so we optedfor surgical treatment. After forty-fifth day of surgery showed no inflammation in the tendon area surgically manipulated.

Presentamos un caso de tenosinovitis infecciosa en el tendón extensor dei carpo radial pordermatobiosis (Dermatobia hominis) en una carrera potro Cuarto de Milla. La queja principal fue Ia hinchazónen Ia región dorsal dei carpo en Ia extremidad anterior izquierda, con dolor y calor. La evaluación y eltratamiento clínico en manos de un veterinario, no hubo mejoría en Ia imagen. Sobre Ia base de Ia historiay los signos clínicos junto con el examen de ultrasonido adicional fue diagnosticado tenosinovitis infecciosa, así que optamos por el tratamiento quirúrgico. Después de cuarenta y cinco días de Ia cirugía no mostró inflamación en el área dei tendón manipulado quirúrgicamente.