Hidronefrose unilateral por urólito em pelve renal de felino - relato de caso / Unilateral hydrophageosis by urolium in feline's renal pelve - case report

Na hidronefrose ocorre dilatação da pelve renal devido à obstrução do fluxo urinário, causada principalmente por um aumento lento ou intermitente da pressão pélvica. Urolitíase é a presença de cálculos nas vias urinarias (urolitos). Cálculos são concreções formadas pela precipitação de sais de ácidos orgânicos e inorgânicos ou por outros elementos, tais como cistina, xantina, fosfato, carbonato, cilica ou uratos, em associação a uma matriz orgânica (proteica). Diante disto o presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar um caso de hidronefrose unilateral por bloqueio da pelve renal em um paciente felino. O animal foi encaminhado ao centro veterinário Integrado de Campo Mourão PR para realização de exames complementares e foi possível observar hidronefrose no rim esquerdo e elevação nos níveis séricos de ureia, potássio, creatinina, cálcio e globulinas. O prognostico para este paciente era desfavorável devido ao estado clinico grave apresentado, sendo indicada a eutanásia. Após a eutanásia retirou-se o rim esquerdo do animal e observou-se um cálculo de consistência firme, arenosa e coloração amarelada obstruindo a conexão ureter e pelve. Na análise histopatológica a pelve renal apresentava-se com acentuado infiltrado inflamatório e fibrose moderada que se estendiam por todo parênquima renal, sendo o diagnóstico conclusivo de uma pielonefrite linfocítica difusa acentuada além de fibrose multifocal a coalescente.(AU)

In hydronephrosis, dilatation of the renal pelvis occurs due to obstruction of the urinary flow, mainly caused by a slow or intermittent increase in pelvic pressure. Urolithiasis is the presence of stones in the urinary tract (uroliths). Calculations are concretions formed by the precipitation of salts of organic and inorganic acids or by other elements, such as cystine, xanthine, phosphate, carbonate, cilica or urates, in association with an organic (protein) matrix. In view of this the present work aims to report a case of unilateral hydronephrosis by blocking the renal pelvis in a feline patient. The animal was referred to the Integrated Veterinary Center of Campo Mourão - PR to perform complementary tests and it was possible to observe hydronephrosis in the left kidney and increase in the serum levels of urea, potassium, creatinine, calcium and globulins. The prognosis for this patient was unfavorable due to the serious clinical condition presented, and euthanasia was indicated. After euthanasia, the left kidney was removed from the animal and observe a calculation of firm, sandy and yellowish consistency was found by obstructing the ureter and pelvis connection. In the histopathological analysis, the renal pelvis presented with marked inflammatory infiltrate and moderate fibrosis that extended throughout the renal parenchyma, being the conclusive diagnosis of a diffuse lymphocytic pyelonephritis, in addition to multifocal to coalescent fibrosis.(AU)

Hidronefrose unilateral por urólito em pelve renal de felino - relato de caso / Unilateral hydrophageosis by urolium in feline's renal pelve - case report

Na hidronefrose ocorre dilatação da pelve renal devido à obstrução do fluxo urinário, causada principalmente por um aumento lento ou intermitente da pressão pélvica. Urolitíase é a presença de cálculos nas vias urinarias (urolitos). Cálculos são concreções formadas pela precipitação de sais de ácidos orgânicos e inorgânicos ou por outros elementos, tais como cistina, xantina, fosfato, carbonato, cilica ou uratos, em associação a uma matriz orgânica (proteica). Diante disto o presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar um caso de hidronefrose unilateral por bloqueio da pelve renal em um paciente felino. O animal foi encaminhado ao centro veterinário Integrado de Campo Mourão – PR para realização de exames complementares e foi possível observar hidronefrose no rim esquerdo e elevação nos níveis séricos de ureia, potássio, creatinina, cálcio e globulinas. O prognostico para este paciente era desfavorável devido ao estado clinico grave apresentado, sendo indicada a eutanásia. Após a eutanásia retirou-se o rim esquerdo do animal e observou-se um cálculo de consistência firme, arenosa e coloração amarelada obstruindo a conexão ureter e pelve. Na análise histopatológica a pelve renal apresentava-se com acentuado infiltrado inflamatório e fibrose moderada que se estendiam por todo parênquima renal, sendo o diagnóstico conclusivo de uma pielonefrite linfocítica difusa acentuada além de fibrose multifocal a coalescente.

In hydronephrosis, dilatation of the renal pelvis occurs due to obstruction of the urinary flow, mainly caused by a slow or intermittent increase in pelvic pressure. Urolithiasis is the presence of stones in the urinary tract (uroliths). Calculations are concretions formed by the precipitation of salts of organic and inorganic acids or by other elements, such as cystine, xanthine, phosphate, carbonate, cilica or urates, in association with an organic (protein) matrix. In view of this the present work aims to report a case of unilateral hydronephrosis by blocking the renal pelvis in a feline patient. The animal was referred to the Integrated Veterinary Center of Campo Mourão - PR to perform complementary tests and it was possible to observe hydronephrosis in the left kidney and increase in the serum levels of urea, potassium, creatinine, calcium and globulins. The prognosis for this patient was unfavorable due to the serious clinical condition presented, and euthanasia was indicated. After euthanasia, the left kidney was removed from the animal and observe a calculation of firm, sandy and yellowish consistency was found by obstructing the ureter and pelvis connection. In the histopathological analysis, the renal pelvis presented with marked inflammatory infiltrate and moderate fibrosis that extended throughout the renal parenchyma, being the conclusive diagnosis of a diffuse lymphocytic pyelonephritis, in addition to multifocal to coalescent fibrosis.

Ovarian and uterine horn agenesis accompanied by ectopic fetal mummification in canine / Agenesia ovariana e de corno uterino acompanhada por mumificação fetal ectópica em canino

Background: The uterine horn agenesis or aplasia is a rare anomaly consisting of absence or incomplete development of the paramesonephric ducts that origin the uterine horns. This change occurs during fetal formation and may occur concomitantly to agenesis of the ovary and/or ipsilateral kidney. The extra-uterine pregnancy consists of fetal growth outside the uterine cavity and can occur as a tubal or abdominal pregnancy. We report here the case of a 7-years-old mix breed dog, attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, with accidental diagnosis of agenesis of uterine horn and ovaries and ectopic fetal mummification. Case: A 7-years-old mix breed dog, not spayed, was attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT), complaining of mucous bloody vaginal discharge. The patient had regular estrus and was multiparous. There was no mating history in the last estrus neither trauma over the past months. In previous pregnancies the patient presented eutocic labors. On physical examination the dog showed apathy although it was alert, pale mucous membranes, presence of perivulvar blackish secretion and discreet abdominal enlargement. As preoperative exams, a complete blood count, liver and renal function (serum creatinine and alanine aminotransferase) were performed. It has also performed the abdominal ultrasound [...]

Ovarian and uterine horn agenesis accompanied by ectopic fetal mummification in canine / Agenesia ovariana e de corno uterino acompanhada por mumificação fetal ectópica em canino

Background: The uterine horn agenesis or aplasia is a rare anomaly consisting of absence or incomplete development of the paramesonephric ducts that origin the uterine horns. This change occurs during fetal formation and may occur concomitantly to agenesis of the ovary and/or ipsilateral kidney. The extra-uterine pregnancy consists of fetal growth outside the uterine cavity and can occur as a tubal or abdominal pregnancy. We report here the case of a 7-years-old mix breed dog, attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, with accidental diagnosis of agenesis of uterine horn and ovaries and ectopic fetal mummification. Case: A 7-years-old mix breed dog, not spayed, was attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT), complaining of mucous bloody vaginal discharge. The patient had regular estrus and was multiparous. There was no mating history in the last estrus neither trauma over the past months. In previous pregnancies the patient presented eutocic labors. On physical examination the dog showed apathy although it was alert, pale mucous membranes, presence of perivulvar blackish secretion and discreet abdominal enlargement. As preoperative exams, a complete blood count, liver and renal function (serum creatinine and alanine aminotransferase) were performed. It has also performed the abdominal ultrasound [...](AU)

Partial unilateral radial hemimelia in feline / Hemimelia parcial unilateral de rádio em felino

Background: Hemimelia is a rare anomaly in which one of paired bone is congenital or partially absent. The etiology may be related to genetic and/or environmental factors. Clinically is observed the angulation of the affected limb, resulting in functional limitations as angular deformity, lameness and decreased range of motion. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings and radiographic examination that detects the complete or partial absence of the affected bone and angular deviations. We aim to report a case of a partial unilateral radial hemimelia in a feline diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT). Case: We attended at the HOVET-UFMT a two years old, feline, female, domestic short hair, presenting as a complaint the presence of a friable mass in the oral cavity for a year and a deformity in the left forelimb since birth, showing swallowing difficulties, lameness and difficulty support. On clinical examination, we obeserved the left forelimb flexed and deviation in the medial direction, shortening of the limb, no crepitation during handling and evident lameness. Radiographic examination in the craniocaudal and mediolateral projections of the thoracic limbs revealed the partial absence of the radius with just a trace of the proximal radial epiphysis, shortening and a marked ulnar curvature, producing a significant deviation [...]

Partial unilateral radial hemimelia in feline / Hemimelia parcial unilateral de rádio em felino

Background: Hemimelia is a rare anomaly in which one of paired bone is congenital or partially absent. The etiology may be related to genetic and/or environmental factors. Clinically is observed the angulation of the affected limb, resulting in functional limitations as angular deformity, lameness and decreased range of motion. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings and radiographic examination that detects the complete or partial absence of the affected bone and angular deviations. We aim to report a case of a partial unilateral radial hemimelia in a feline diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT). Case: We attended at the HOVET-UFMT a two years old, feline, female, domestic short hair, presenting as a complaint the presence of a friable mass in the oral cavity for a year and a deformity in the left forelimb since birth, showing swallowing difficulties, lameness and difficulty support. On clinical examination, we obeserved the left forelimb flexed and deviation in the medial direction, shortening of the limb, no crepitation during handling and evident lameness. Radiographic examination in the craniocaudal and mediolateral projections of the thoracic limbs revealed the partial absence of the radius with just a trace of the proximal radial epiphysis, shortening and a marked ulnar curvature, producing a significant deviation [...](AU)

Clinical, surgical, histological and urinary aspects in six dogs with total penectomy / Aspectos clínicos, cirúrgicos, histológicos e urinários de seis cães submetidos à penectomia total

Background: In dogs, penectomy followed by uretrostomy has been little reported in the veterinary literature. These surgical procedures are indicated in cases of penile trauma and/or neoplasms as well in scrotal and preputial neoplasms. After uretrostomias is commonly observed bleeding site by approximately 4.2 days. However, studies reporting the incidence of UTI in the postoperative period of dogs submitted to penectomy, followed by scrotal urethrostomy have never been evaluated. Thus, the aim was report the evolution of dogs operated by this technique, theirs complications and the histological results, urinalysis and uroculture in patients with 60 days post-operative. Case: In the study period of 17 months (March 2013 to July 2014), nine dogs showed various neoplastic diseases involving the penis, prepuce, scrotum and testicles. In nine selected dogs to the study, only six were considered due to patient death before the minimum period used for postoperative evaluation. After surgery, the genital tract along the resected neoformation were conditioned to 10% formalin and sent to the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory for tissue analysis in light microscopy. All patients remained in hospital in the postoperative period about a week, receiving medications intravenously, execution of dressing every 12 h and evaluation of possible postoperative complications such as dehiscence suture...(AU)

Clinical, surgical, histological and urinary aspects in six dogs with total penectomy / Aspectos clínicos, cirúrgicos, histológicos e urinários de seis cães submetidos à penectomia total

Background: In dogs, penectomy followed by uretrostomy has been little reported in the veterinary literature. These surgical procedures are indicated in cases of penile trauma and/or neoplasms as well in scrotal and preputial neoplasms. After uretrostomias is commonly observed bleeding site by approximately 4.2 days. However, studies reporting the incidence of UTI in the postoperative period of dogs submitted to penectomy, followed by scrotal urethrostomy have never been evaluated. Thus, the aim was report the evolution of dogs operated by this technique, theirs complications and the histological results, urinalysis and uroculture in patients with 60 days post-operative. Case: In the study period of 17 months (March 2013 to July 2014), nine dogs showed various neoplastic diseases involving the penis, prepuce, scrotum and testicles. In nine selected dogs to the study, only six were considered due to patient death before the minimum period used for postoperative evaluation. After surgery, the genital tract along the resected neoformation were conditioned to 10% formalin and sent to the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory for tissue analysis in light microscopy. All patients remained in hospital in the postoperative period about a week, receiving medications intravenously, execution of dressing every 12 h and evaluation of possible postoperative complications such as dehiscence suture...

Influência da lidocaína ou da dextrocetamina pela via intratesticular na anestesia com sevoflurano em cães submetidos à orquiectomia eletiva / Influence of intratesticular administration of lidocaine or dextroketamine in dogs undergoing elective orchiectomy anesthetized with sevoflurane

Background: Elective orchiectomy is one of the most performed surgeries in the veterinary practice and is considered a moderately painful procedure; thus, the use of balanced anesthesia is a good choice. Local anesthetics have shown to be effective for intratesticular and spermatic cord blocks in several species; however, there have been no reports of the use of dextroketamine with this purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular and respiratory variables, and analgesia produced by intratesticular block using dextroketamine or lidocaine, as well as to assess post-anesthesia recovery and discharge in dogs subjected to elective orchiectomy under inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane.Materials, Methods & Results: Sixteen dogs which underwent elective orchiectomy were included in this study. All animals were healthy based on clinical and hematological examinations. The animals were randomly distributed into two groups, in which 2% lidocaine at 1 mg/kg (LG) or 5% dextroketamine at 2.5 mg/kg (KG) were administered by the intratesticular route. In both groups, anesthesia was induced with propofol to effect, and maintained with 1.7 V% sevoflurane diluted in 100% oxygen, administered through a calibrated vaporizer and appropriate anesthetic system based on the animals weight, kept under spontaneous ventilation. After induction, 10 min were given for stabilization of exhaled anesthetic concentration before one of the treatments was administered intratesticularly. Five min after administration of the local block, the surgical procedure was performed, which lasted up to 15 min.[...](AU)

Influência da lidocaína ou da dextrocetamina pela via intratesticular na anestesia com sevoflurano em cães submetidos à orquiectomia eletiva / Influence of intratesticular administration of lidocaine or dextroketamine in dogs undergoing elective orchiectomy anesthetized with sevoflurane

Background: Elective orchiectomy is one of the most performed surgeries in the veterinary practice and is considered a moderately painful procedure; thus, the use of balanced anesthesia is a good choice. Local anesthetics have shown to be effective for intratesticular and spermatic cord blocks in several species; however, there have been no reports of the use of dextroketamine with this purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular and respiratory variables, and analgesia produced by intratesticular block using dextroketamine or lidocaine, as well as to assess post-anesthesia recovery and discharge in dogs subjected to elective orchiectomy under inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane.Materials, Methods & Results: Sixteen dogs which underwent elective orchiectomy were included in this study. All animals were healthy based on clinical and hematological examinations. The animals were randomly distributed into two groups, in which 2% lidocaine at 1 mg/kg (LG) or 5% dextroketamine at 2.5 mg/kg (KG) were administered by the intratesticular route. In both groups, anesthesia was induced with propofol to effect, and maintained with 1.7 V% sevoflurane diluted in 100% oxygen, administered through a calibrated vaporizer and appropriate anesthetic system based on the animal’s weight, kept under spontaneous ventilation. After induction, 10 min were given for stabilization of exhaled anesthetic concentration before one of the treatments was administered intratesticularly. Five min after administration of the local block, the surgical procedure was performed, which lasted up to 15 min.[...]