Dioctophyme renale in wandering dogs in Pelotas, South of Brasil / Dioctophyme renale em cães errantes no município de Pelotas, Sul do Brasil

Abstract This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Dioctophyme renale in stray dogs in the city of Pelotas, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas received 146 wandering dogs for necropsy, sent by the City Hall of Pelotas from March 2012 to January 2020. Among the necropsied animals, seventeen dogs (11.64%) were diagnosed with dioctophymosis. Among these dogs, 11 were parasitized with one specimen in the right kidney, two dogs presented two specimens in the right kidney, and in other two dogs, the parasites were in the abdominal cavity. In one dog, two parasites were found in the left kidney; in another dog, both kidneys were parasitized, with two parasites in the right kidney and one in the left kidney. The data obtained in this study showed that the occurrence of D. renale in stray dogs in the city of Pelotas is high, and D. renale mainly parasitizes the right kidney.

Resumo Este trabalho possui como objetivo verificar a ocorrência de D. renale em cães errantes do município de Pelotas, no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Universidade Federal de Pelotas recebeu 146 cães errantes para necropsia, encaminhados pela Prefeitura Municipal de Pelotas, no período de março de 2012 a janeiro de 2020. Dentre os cães necropsiados, 17 animais foram diagnosticados com dioctofimose, determinando uma ocorrência de 11,64%. Desses animais, onze estavam parasitados com um exemplar no rim direito, dois animais possuíam dois exemplares no rim direito. Em dois animais, os parasitas estavam na cavidade abdominal; em um animal havia, dois parasitas no rim esquerdo e noutro animal os dois rins estavam parasitados, tendo dois exemplares no rim direito e um exemplar no rim esquerdo. Os dados obtidos neste trabalho permitem concluir que é elevada a ocorrência de D. renale nos cães errantes do município de Pelotas, parasitando principalmente o rim direito.

Penile fractures in young bulls raised in feedlots in Southern Brazil

Background: Penile fracture is a pathology of young cattle that perform precocious and disordered breeding. The incompatibility of height between males and females and sodomy between males cause a great pressure on the sigmoid flexure and retractor muscle of the penis, which are the main causes and sites of organ injury. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological and pathological aspects of penile fractures observed in young bulls raised in pre-export feedlots (PEFs) in southern Brazil. Cases: In 2 PEFs located in the municipalities of Pelotas (property 1) and Capão do Leão (property 2), 3 male cattle [1 from property 1 and 2 from property 2] presented subcutaneous edema in the foreskin and perineum, associated with dysuria. The evolution of the clinical picture was approximately 20 days in all cases, with evolution to death. The bovine necropsied on property 1 had an increased volume and inguinal edema, involving the penis and scrotal sac. Necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue and local musculature was also observed. The testicles were surrounded by the necrotic tissue, and the right testis was swollen, with flaccid parenchyma adhering to the tunica albuginea. In the necropsy of 1 bull from property 2, an increase in the inguinal volume was observed, with an extensive area of necrosis and edema extending from the prepuce to the caudal musculature of the scrotal sac. There were also marked varicosis in the sigmoid flexure and necrosis of the adjacent region, without the involvement of the corpus cavernosum. During the necropsy of the 2 young bulls, fragments of organs from the abdominal, thoracic, and brain cavities were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. From the bull of the property 2, an anatomical piece consisting of the penis, prepuce, and testicles was also collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After 48 h, the tissue samples were cleaved, embedded in paraffin, cut into 3-µm-thick sections, and stained using hematoxylin and eosin (HE). A histological evaluation of the penile lesions in both cattle revealed intense hemorrhage, congestion, and necrosis of the muscles and tissues adjacent to the corpus cavernosum. In addition to areas of dystrophic calcification, neutrophil and macrophage infiltration was also observed. In the bull from the property 1, an intense edema and proliferation of fibrous tissue surrounding the urethra were noted. There were also marked tubular degeneration and intense infiltration of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages in the inner portion of the tunica albuginea. Discussion: In the present cases, the diagnosis was based on epidemiological data associated with clinical signs and pathology. The macroscopic lesions observed were probably due to the involvement of blood vessels adjacent to the penis, which suffered trauma during sodomy mating among cattle. These lesions have been described in other reports of this pathology and in diseases, such as acropostitis-phimosis, fibropapilloma of the glans, preputial abscess, and urolithiasis, and the differential diagnosis of these diseases must be carried out, as they have different etiologies. In the bulls of the present study, no lesions were observed in the corpus cavernosum, and this condition was attributed to the presence of varicosis and accumulation of urine in the prepuce, due to the difficulty in exposing the penis. Histologically, there were intense hemorrhage, congestion, and necrosis of the muscles and tissues adjacent to the corpus cavernosum, with the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, and areas of dystrophic calcification. The presence of necrotic lesions in tissues adjacent to the penis may be related to hypoxia, vascular lesions, or the action of chemical elements present in the urine. In both cases, vascular lesions were present, which were attributed to the main triggering factor for the disease.

Listeriosis outbreak in sheep raised in feedlots in the Southern Region of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil

Background: A listeriosis outbreak in a sheep fattening feedlot in the Southern Region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazilis described. This disease is caused by Listeria monocytogenes and represents a risk to public health since it affects notonly ruminants but also humans. This agent is widely spread in the environment, such as in the soil and water. It is alsofound in decaying vegetable matter and the feces and fluids of domestic animals. The aim of this study was to describe alisteriosis outbreak in sheep raised in feedlots, its epidemiology, and to establish the importance of this disease in this typeof sheep management system, evaluate the possible sources of infection, and suggest ways to control it.Cases: Sheep were kept in a 2-sector shed, one with east solar orientation and the other with west solar orientation, thelatter with free access to domestic birds. Sheep were fed silage and concentrate. Seven sheep were affected, 5 died and 2recovered. Clinically, the sheep displayed loss of balance, excessive drooling, and tremors; one exhibited circling, headdeviation, apathy, nystagmus, lateral recumbency, paddling, and labored breathing. At necropsy, macroscopic lesions werenot found, and histologically several micro-abscesses and perivascular cuffs with lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils were present in the brain stem. Listeria monocytogenes suspected colonies were observed in the microbiologicalculture, and the bacteria was identified by biochemical analysis. The immunohistochemistry test in brain stem sectionswas positive for the antibody BD DifcoTM Listeria O Antiserum Poly Serotypes 1 and 4.Discussion: A listeriosis outbreak in a feedlot sheep was confirmed through epidemiological findings, histological lesions,bacterial culture, and immunohistochemistry analysis. This infection is frequent...

Listeriosis outbreak in sheep raised in feedlots in the Southern Region of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil

Background: A listeriosis outbreak in a sheep fattening feedlot in the Southern Region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazilis described. This disease is caused by Listeria monocytogenes and represents a risk to public health since it affects notonly ruminants but also humans. This agent is widely spread in the environment, such as in the soil and water. It is alsofound in decaying vegetable matter and the feces and fluids of domestic animals. The aim of this study was to describe alisteriosis outbreak in sheep raised in feedlots, its epidemiology, and to establish the importance of this disease in this typeof sheep management system, evaluate the possible sources of infection, and suggest ways to control it.Cases: Sheep were kept in a 2-sector shed, one with east solar orientation and the other with west solar orientation, thelatter with free access to domestic birds. Sheep were fed silage and concentrate. Seven sheep were affected, 5 died and 2recovered. Clinically, the sheep displayed loss of balance, excessive drooling, and tremors; one exhibited circling, headdeviation, apathy, nystagmus, lateral recumbency, paddling, and labored breathing. At necropsy, macroscopic lesions werenot found, and histologically several micro-abscesses and perivascular cuffs with lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils were present in the brain stem. Listeria monocytogenes suspected colonies were observed in the microbiologicalculture, and the bacteria was identified by biochemical analysis. The immunohistochemistry test in brain stem sectionswas positive for the antibody BD DifcoTM Listeria O Antiserum Poly Serotypes 1 and 4.Discussion: A listeriosis outbreak in a feedlot sheep was confirmed through epidemiological findings, histological lesions,bacterial culture, and immunohistochemistry analysis. This infection is frequent...(AU)

Aspergilose sistêmica em potro (Equus caballus) / Systemic aspergillosis in a foals - Equus caballus

O gênero Aspergillus compreende espécies de fungos saprotróficos, globalmente distribuídos, sendo os Aspergillus seção Fumigati conhecidos por causarem doença em humanos e animais imunocomprometidos. Os sinais clínicos dependem do sistema acometido, podendo apresentar febre branda, cólicas intensas, pneumonias, micose de bolsa gutural, e, ocasionalmente, lesões no sistema nervoso central. O presente trabalho objetiva relatar os sinais clínicos, os achados de necropsia e a histologia de um caso de aspergilose sistêmica em um potro de oito meses de idade. O animal apresentava refluxo enterogástrico, peristaltismo aumentado, fezes pastosas, dor abdominal e desidratação intensa. O quadro clínico evoluiu para óbito e o cadáver foi encaminhado para a necropsia. Macroscopicamente, havia sufusões e equimoses na serosa do trato gastrointestinal e ulcerações na mucosa do intestino delgado. No pulmão, havia nódulos multifocais, esbranquiçados e firmes que, ao corte, apresentavam-se císticos, com revestimento interno vinhoso e friável. O coração exibia áreas esbranquiçadas multifocais no miocárdio e os rins continham nódulos avermelhados nas regiões cortical e medular. No encéfalo, havia áreas multifocais amareladas e hemorrágicas com bordos avermelhados. Microscopicamente, observaram-se áreas multifocais de necrose com infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso no intestino, pulmão, encéfalo, miocárdio e nos rins. Hifas fúngicas intralesionais e intravasculares foram observadas no encéfalo e no pulmão. Estruturas de fenótipo compatível com Aspergillus fumigatus foram observadas na cultura fúngica. Amostras encaminhadas para virologia apresentaram-se positivas para Herpesvírus Equino (HVE) tipo 1 e 4. O diagnóstico de aspergilose sistêmica foi determinado pelo histórico clínico, imunossupressão, achados macroscópicos, histológicos, isolamento do fungo e à infecção concomitante por HVE.

The Aspergillus genus comprises globally distributed species of saprotrophic fungi, with the Aspergillus section Fumigatus known to cause diseases in humans and immunocompromised animals. Clinical signs depend on the affected system, exhibiting mild fever, severe colic, pneumonia, guttural bag mycosis and occasionally lesions in the central nervous system. The present work aims to report the clinical signs, necropsy findings and histology of a case of systemic aspergillosis in an eight-months-old foal. The animal had enterogastric reflux, increased peristalsis, pasty feces, abdominal pain and severe dehydration. The condition evolved to death and the cadaver was sent for necropsy. Macroscopically, there were suffusions and ecchymosis in the serosa of the gastrointestinal tract and ulcerations in the mucosa of the small intestines. In the lung, there were multifocal, whitish and firm nodules that were cystic when cut with a friable winey internal lining. The heart had whitish multifocal areas in the myocardium and the kidneys contained reddish nodules in the cortical and medullary regions. In the brain there were yellowish and hemorrhagic multifocal areas with reddish borders. Microscopically, multifocal areas of necrosis with granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate were observed in the intestine, lung, brain, myocardium and kidneys. Intralesional and intravascular fungal were observed in the brain and lung. Structures with phenotype compatible with Aspergillus fumigatus were observed in the fungal culture. In virology, samples were positive for equine herpesvirus (HVE) types 1 and 4. The diagnosis of systemic aspergillosis was determined due to the clinical history, immunosuppression, macroscopic and histological findings, fungal isolation and concomitant HVE infection.

Osteopatia craniomandibular em cães sem raça definida / Craniomandibular osteopathy in mixed breed dogs

Background: Craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO) is a degenerative, osteopetrotic, and self-limiting bone disease that is rare in the canine species. The most affected bones and joints are the branches of the mandible, tympanic bulla, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with generalized thickening of the bone trabeculae, increased lines of bone cementation, and bone proliferation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate 2 cases of CMO in mixed-breed dogs belonging to the same litter sent to the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD / FV / UFPel). Cases: Three dogs (mixed-breed, 2 females and 1 male) belonging to the same litter presented at eight months of age with increases in volume and pain in the face, difficulties in moving the jaw, anorexia, and sialorrhea. The 2 bitches were euthanized and sent to LRD / FV / UFPel for necropsy. The animals underwent radiography of the left and right lateral and dorsoventral lateral projections in the imaging sector of the Hospital de Clínicas Veterinária (HCV) at UFPel. During the necropsy, fragments of organs from the abdominal and thoracic cavities, as well as the central nervous system and head bones, were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. The tissue samples were cleaved, processed routinely, embedded in paraffin, cut into sections of 3 µm thickness, and stained using hematoxylin and eosin (HE). The bone fragments were decalcified in a 50/50 solution of 8% hydrochloric acid and 8% formic acid and subsequently cleaved and stained with HE. The head and jaw of one of the canines were dissected and subjected to maceration in water at room temperature. Radiographic examination of the 2 remaining animals showed irregular and exuberant bone proliferation in the mandible and temporomandibular region. In the tympanic bullae, occipital bone, and zygomatic process, thickening of the structures was observed with increased opacity. On necropsy, the canines were cachectic with marked muscle atrophy and increased volume of the mandibular branches and head bones, in addition to marked edema in the adjacent subcutaneous tissue. The regional lymph nodes were enlarged, and in one of the animals, bilateral lesions in the femurs were also observed. In the head subjected to biological maceration, areas of bone proliferation and rarefaction were observed, with increased volume and destruction of the TMJ. On histopathological evaluation of the ventral portion of the mandibular bodies, a network of bony trabeculae was observed, composed of a chondroid matrix with different degrees of mineralization. The cortical portion of the bones exhibited loss of lamellar compactness, with greater spread of the bone trabeculae. The bone trabeculae were perpendicular to the long axis of the cortical of the mandible and were distributed in the medullary spaces, presenting some dense foci of inflammatory infiltrates composed predominantly of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. Discussion: The breeds most predisposed to developing CMO are West Highland White Terrier and Scottish Terrier; however, the disease has also been described in other non-Terrier breed. Nevertheless, there are no descriptions in the literature of mixed-breed dogs, with this report being the first of CMO in mixed-breed dogs. The bones most frequently affected in CMO are those of the head. In Terrier dogs, the TMJ is also affected. In the cases of this study, severe CMO occurred, affecting both the head bones and TMJ, and in 1 of the canines, it also affected the femurs. Although CMO has not previously been reported in mixed-breed dogs, the condition can seriously affect these animals, and differential diagnosis should always be made.(AU)

Mediastinal extraskeletal osteosarcoma in a canine with pulmonary and cerebral metastasis

Background: Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (EOS), a rare variant of osteosarcoma (OS), is a malignant neoplasm that develops insoft tissues without primary bone involvement. This study aims to describe a case of EOS with a mediastinal location in a canine.Case: A 10-year-old male Uruguayan Cimarron dog, was presented to the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdadede Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD/FV/UFPel) for necropsy. The dog had a history of submandibularswelling, progressive hind limb paralysis, muscle atrophy, and breathing difficulties. During necropsy, in the thoracic cavity,approximately 900 mL of serosanguinous exudate and a reddish-brown, bossed mediastinal mass measuring 15.0 cm in thelongest axis were also noted. The lung exhibited multifocal to coalescent, white, firm nodules extending from the pleurato the parenchyma and measuring up to 4.5 cm in diameter. In the parietal and occipital region of the brain, a matte winemass measuring 2.3 cm in the longest axis was observed. Fragments of the neoplastic mass, organs of the abdominal andthoracic cavities, and the brain were harvested and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After 48 h, the samples were routinelyprocessed, incorporated in paraffin, cut into 3 µm-thick sections, and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE). Selectedsections of the neoplasm, the lung, and the brain were subjected to Von Kossa staining and immunohistochemical (IHC)analysis. For IHC, primary anti-cytokeratin monoclonal antibodies (clone AE1 / AE3, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100 dilution, vimentin (clone V9, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100 dilution, S100 Protein (clone 15E2E2, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100dilution, and Ki67 (SP6 clone, BioCare Medical) at a 1:50 dilution were used. Immunostaining ...

Mediastinal extraskeletal osteosarcoma in a canine with pulmonary and cerebral metastasis

Background: Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (EOS), a rare variant of osteosarcoma (OS), is a malignant neoplasm that develops insoft tissues without primary bone involvement. This study aims to describe a case of EOS with a mediastinal location in a canine.Case: A 10-year-old male Uruguayan Cimarron dog, was presented to the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdadede Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD/FV/UFPel) for necropsy. The dog had a history of submandibularswelling, progressive hind limb paralysis, muscle atrophy, and breathing difficulties. During necropsy, in the thoracic cavity,approximately 900 mL of serosanguinous exudate and a reddish-brown, bossed mediastinal mass measuring 15.0 cm in thelongest axis were also noted. The lung exhibited multifocal to coalescent, white, firm nodules extending from the pleurato the parenchyma and measuring up to 4.5 cm in diameter. In the parietal and occipital region of the brain, a matte winemass measuring 2.3 cm in the longest axis was observed. Fragments of the neoplastic mass, organs of the abdominal andthoracic cavities, and the brain were harvested and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After 48 h, the samples were routinelyprocessed, incorporated in paraffin, cut into 3 µm-thick sections, and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE). Selectedsections of the neoplasm, the lung, and the brain were subjected to Von Kossa staining and immunohistochemical (IHC)analysis. For IHC, primary anti-cytokeratin monoclonal antibodies (clone AE1 / AE3, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100 dilution, vimentin (clone V9, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100 dilution, S100 Protein (clone 15E2E2, BioCare Medical) at a 1:100dilution, and Ki67 (SP6 clone, BioCare Medical) at a 1:50 dilution were used. Immunostaining ...(AU)

Aspergilose sistêmica em potro (Equus caballus) / Systemic aspergillosis in a foals - Equus caballus

O gênero Aspergillus compreende espécies de fungos saprotróficos, globalmente distribuídos, sendo os Aspergillus seção Fumigati conhecidos por causarem doença em humanos e animais imunocomprometidos. Os sinais clínicos dependem do sistema acometido, podendo apresentar febre branda, cólicas intensas, pneumonias, micose de bolsa gutural, e, ocasionalmente, lesões no sistema nervoso central. O presente trabalho objetiva relatar os sinais clínicos, os achados de necropsia e a histologia de um caso de aspergilose sistêmica em um potro de oito meses de idade. O animal apresentava refluxo enterogástrico, peristaltismo aumentado, fezes pastosas, dor abdominal e desidratação intensa. O quadro clínico evoluiu para óbito e o cadáver foi encaminhado para a necropsia. Macroscopicamente, havia sufusões e equimoses na serosa do trato gastrointestinal e ulcerações na mucosa do intestino delgado. No pulmão, havia nódulos multifocais, esbranquiçados e firmes que, ao corte, apresentavam-se císticos, com revestimento interno vinhoso e friável. O coração exibia áreas esbranquiçadas multifocais no miocárdio e os rins continham nódulos avermelhados nas regiões cortical e medular. No encéfalo, havia áreas multifocais amareladas e hemorrágicas com bordos avermelhados. Microscopicamente, observaram-se áreas multifocais de necrose com infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso no intestino, pulmão, encéfalo, miocárdio e nos rins. Hifas fúngicas intralesionais e intravasculares foram observadas no encéfalo e no pulmão. Estruturas de fenótipo compatível com Aspergillus fumigatus foram observadas na cultura fúngica. Amostras encaminhadas para virologia apresentaram-se positivas para Herpesvírus Equino (HVE) tipo 1 e 4. O diagnóstico de aspergilose sistêmica foi determinado pelo histórico clínico, imunossupressão, achados macroscópicos, histológicos, isolamento do fungo e à infecção concomitante por HVE.(AU)

The Aspergillus genus comprises globally distributed species of saprotrophic fungi, with the Aspergillus section Fumigatus known to cause diseases in humans and immunocompromised animals. Clinical signs depend on the affected system, exhibiting mild fever, severe colic, pneumonia, guttural bag mycosis and occasionally lesions in the central nervous system. The present work aims to report the clinical signs, necropsy findings and histology of a case of systemic aspergillosis in an eight-months-old foal. The animal had enterogastric reflux, increased peristalsis, pasty feces, abdominal pain and severe dehydration. The condition evolved to death and the cadaver was sent for necropsy. Macroscopically, there were suffusions and ecchymosis in the serosa of the gastrointestinal tract and ulcerations in the mucosa of the small intestines. In the lung, there were multifocal, whitish and firm nodules that were cystic when cut with a friable winey internal lining. The heart had whitish multifocal areas in the myocardium and the kidneys contained reddish nodules in the cortical and medullary regions. In the brain there were yellowish and hemorrhagic multifocal areas with reddish borders. Microscopically, multifocal areas of necrosis with granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate were observed in the intestine, lung, brain, myocardium and kidneys. Intralesional and intravascular fungal were observed in the brain and lung. Structures with phenotype compatible with Aspergillus fumigatus were observed in the fungal culture. In virology, samples were positive for equine herpesvirus (HVE) types 1 and 4. The diagnosis of systemic aspergillosis was determined due to the clinical history, immunosuppression, macroscopic and histological findings, fungal isolation and concomitant HVE infection.(AU)

Raiva paralítica em suíno no Rio Grande do Sul / Paralytic rabies in swine at Rio Grande do Sul

A raiva é uma doença infecciosa, potencialmente zoonótica, de distribuição mundial que afeta mamíferos domésticos, silvestres e humanos. Na América do Sul a raiva paralítica ocorre na forma de surtos cíclicos e é transmitida por morcegos hematófagos, principalmente o Desmodus rotundus. É uma doença responsável por prejuízos econômicos na pecuária, além de apresentar importância para a saúde pública. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de raiva suína diagnosticado no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, da Faculdade de Veterinária, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. O caso ocorreu em uma propriedade localizada no município do Capão do Leão em um suíno, fêmea, sem raça definida, de dois anos de idade, criada em regime semiextensivo. Segundo o proprietário o animal apresentou apatia, anorexia, paralisia progressiva e decúbito lateral. Devido a evolução do quadro clínico foi realizada a eutanásia. Na necropsia não foram observadas lesões significativas. No exame histopatológico do encéfalo observou-se meningoencefalite não supurativa, manguito perivascular de linfócitos e raros eosinófilos, além de satelitose e gliose. Fragmentos do encéfalo e medula foram submetidos ao exame de Imunofluorescência Direta e prova biológica, confirmando o diagnóstico de raiva.

Rabies is a potentially zoonotic infectious disease with worldwide distribution that affects domestic, wild and human mammals. In South America, paralytic rabies occurs in the form of cyclic outbreaks and is transmitted by hematophagous bats, mainly Desmodus rotundus. It is a disease responsible for economic losses in livestock, besides of presenting importance to public health. This paper aims to report a case of swine rabies diagnosed at the Laboratório Regional de Diagnostico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. The case occurred in a property located in the county of Capão do Leão in a female pig, twoyear-old, undefined breed, raised in a semi-extensive regime. According to the owner, the animal presented apathy, anorexia, progressive paralysis and lateral decubitus. Due to the evolution of the clinical condition, euthanasia was performed. At necropsy no significant lesions were observed. Histopathological examination of the brain showed non-suppurative meningoencephalitis, perivascular cuff of lymphocytes and rare eosinophils, as well as satelitosis and gliosis. Brain and spinal cord fragments were submitted to Direct Immunofluorescence and biological tests, confirming the diagnosis of rabies.

Intoxicação espontânea por brotos de Xanthium spp. em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul / Spontaneous poisoning by sprouts of Xanthium spp. in cattle in southern Rio Grande do Sul

Background: Xanthium spp., the cockleburs, are invasive plants found on riverbanks, lakeshores, and floodplains. Ingestion of Xanthium sprouts or fruit causes cocklebur toxicosis, which is characterized clinically and pathologically by acuteliver failure. The main lesion observed is an accentuation of the lobular pattern of the liver (nutmeg appearance), whichis microscopically characterized by coagulation necrosis in the centrilobular region, hepatocyte degeneration in otherregions of the hepatic parenchyma, and sinusoidal congestion. The objective of this study was to describe an outbreak ofspontaneous cattle poisoning by ingestion of Xanthium spp. sprouts in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Case: In September 2018, a beef cattle farm located in Rio Grande county, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, reported significantmortality of cattle in a short period of time. There were 700 cattle on the property, divided by class into three differentherds, all kept under extensive conditions in native wetlands. All fields were heavily infested by cocklebur, with mostplants in the budding stage. Twenty animals developed muscle tremors, salivation, aggression, and recumbency. Theclinical course lasted 24 to 48 h, with a lethal outcome in all cases. An 18-month-old male crossbreed bovine was sent tothe Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) School of Veterinary Medicine fornecropsy. Gross examination revealed ascites and accentuation of the lobular pattern of the liver. Organ fragments wereharvested and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. Microscopically, the liver exhibited marked coagulation necrosis in thecentrilobular region and vacuolization of the hepatocyte cytoplasm in the midzonal and periportal regions. In the brain,there was perineuronal edema, cytoplasmic shrinkage and basophilia, gliosis, and satellitosis...

Mieloma múltiplo em felino / Multiple myeloma in a feline

Background: Multiple myelomas (MM) are malignant neoplasms originating in the bone marrow plasmacytes, and are characterized by the presence of persistent hyperglobulinemia. Although they are rarely found in domestic animals, the canine species is most affected. In felines, they represent less than 1% of hematopoietic neoplasms, and mainly occur in older animals aged 10-12 years. The aim of the present study was to report a case of multiple myeloma, with extramedullary plasmocytosis in a feline. Case: A 3-year-old feline, female, mixed breed, with a history of apathy, anorexia, halitosis, and vomiting was referred to the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD) at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). Oral examination revealed a cyanotic oral mucosa and ulcerative lesions on the gingiva. The necropsy showed generalized lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, and hemorrhagic diathesis. Organ fragments were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After 48 h, the samples were cleaved, embedded in paraffin, and stained using the routine hematoxylin and eosin technique. Selected sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the streptavidin-biotin method. The CD79a, CD138, CD3, and MUM1 antibodies were used. Histopathological evaluation of the bone marrow revealed hypercellularity with predominant round pleomorphic cells (90%), which presented an eccentric basophilic nucleus and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The same neoplastic cells infiltrated the gingival mucosa, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, and brain. The IHC showed positive immunostaining for MUM1 and CD138 antibodies. Discussion: The diagnosis of MM in the present study was based on histopathology and by IHC. According to the literature, the presence of neoplastic plasmocytes in the bone marrow (>20%)...

Mieloma múltiplo em felino / Multiple myeloma in a feline

Background: Multiple myelomas (MM) are malignant neoplasms originating in the bone marrow plasmacytes, and are characterized by the presence of persistent hyperglobulinemia. Although they are rarely found in domestic animals, the canine species is most affected. In felines, they represent less than 1% of hematopoietic neoplasms, and mainly occur in older animals aged 10-12 years. The aim of the present study was to report a case of multiple myeloma, with extramedullary plasmocytosis in a feline. Case: A 3-year-old feline, female, mixed breed, with a history of apathy, anorexia, halitosis, and vomiting was referred to the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD) at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). Oral examination revealed a cyanotic oral mucosa and ulcerative lesions on the gingiva. The necropsy showed generalized lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, and hemorrhagic diathesis. Organ fragments were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After 48 h, the samples were cleaved, embedded in paraffin, and stained using the routine hematoxylin and eosin technique. Selected sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the streptavidin-biotin method. The CD79a, CD138, CD3, and MUM1 antibodies were used. Histopathological evaluation of the bone marrow revealed hypercellularity with predominant round pleomorphic cells (90%), which presented an eccentric basophilic nucleus and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The same neoplastic cells infiltrated the gingival mucosa, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, and brain. The IHC showed positive immunostaining for MUM1 and CD138 antibodies. Discussion: The diagnosis of MM in the present study was based on histopathology and by IHC. According to the literature, the presence of neoplastic plasmocytes in the bone marrow (>20%)...(AU)

Intoxicação espontânea por brotos de Xanthium spp. em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul / Spontaneous poisoning by sprouts of Xanthium spp. in cattle in southern Rio Grande do Sul

Background: Xanthium spp., the cockleburs, are invasive plants found on riverbanks, lakeshores, and floodplains. Ingestion of Xanthium sprouts or fruit causes cocklebur toxicosis, which is characterized clinically and pathologically by acuteliver failure. The main lesion observed is an accentuation of the lobular pattern of the liver (nutmeg appearance), whichis microscopically characterized by coagulation necrosis in the centrilobular region, hepatocyte degeneration in otherregions of the hepatic parenchyma, and sinusoidal congestion. The objective of this study was to describe an outbreak ofspontaneous cattle poisoning by ingestion of Xanthium spp. sprouts in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Case: In September 2018, a beef cattle farm located in Rio Grande county, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, reported significantmortality of cattle in a short period of time. There were 700 cattle on the property, divided by class into three differentherds, all kept under extensive conditions in native wetlands. All fields were heavily infested by cocklebur, with mostplants in the budding stage. Twenty animals developed muscle tremors, salivation, aggression, and recumbency. Theclinical course lasted 24 to 48 h, with a lethal outcome in all cases. An 18-month-old male crossbreed bovine was sent tothe Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) School of Veterinary Medicine fornecropsy. Gross examination revealed ascites and accentuation of the lobular pattern of the liver. Organ fragments wereharvested and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. Microscopically, the liver exhibited marked coagulation necrosis in thecentrilobular region and vacuolization of the hepatocyte cytoplasm in the midzonal and periportal regions. In the brain,there was perineuronal edema, cytoplasmic shrinkage and basophilia, gliosis, and satellitosis...(AU)

Raiva paralítica em suíno no Rio Grande do Sul / Paralytic rabies in swine at Rio Grande do Sul

A raiva é uma doença infecciosa, potencialmente zoonótica, de distribuição mundial que afeta mamíferos domésticos, silvestres e humanos. Na América do Sul a raiva paralítica ocorre na forma de surtos cíclicos e é transmitida por morcegos hematófagos, principalmente o Desmodus rotundus. É uma doença responsável por prejuízos econômicos na pecuária, além de apresentar importância para a saúde pública. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de raiva suína diagnosticado no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, da Faculdade de Veterinária, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. O caso ocorreu em uma propriedade localizada no município do Capão do Leão em um suíno, fêmea, sem raça definida, de dois anos de idade, criada em regime semiextensivo. Segundo o proprietário o animal apresentou apatia, anorexia, paralisia progressiva e decúbito lateral. Devido a evolução do quadro clínico foi realizada a eutanásia. Na necropsia não foram observadas lesões significativas. No exame histopatológico do encéfalo observou-se meningoencefalite não supurativa, manguito perivascular de linfócitos e raros eosinófilos, além de satelitose e gliose. Fragmentos do encéfalo e medula foram submetidos ao exame de Imunofluorescência Direta e prova biológica, confirmando o diagnóstico de raiva.(AU)

Rabies is a potentially zoonotic infectious disease with worldwide distribution that affects domestic, wild and human mammals. In South America, paralytic rabies occurs in the form of cyclic outbreaks and is transmitted by hematophagous bats, mainly Desmodus rotundus. It is a disease responsible for economic losses in livestock, besides of presenting importance to public health. This paper aims to report a case of swine rabies diagnosed at the Laboratório Regional de Diagnostico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. The case occurred in a property located in the county of Capão do Leão in a female pig, twoyear-old, undefined breed, raised in a semi-extensive regime. According to the owner, the animal presented apathy, anorexia, progressive paralysis and lateral decubitus. Due to the evolution of the clinical condition, euthanasia was performed. At necropsy no significant lesions were observed. Histopathological examination of the brain showed non-suppurative meningoencephalitis, perivascular cuff of lymphocytes and rare eosinophils, as well as satelitosis and gliosis. Brain and spinal cord fragments were submitted to Direct Immunofluorescence and biological tests, confirming the diagnosis of rabies.(AU)

Melanoma anaplásico em equino de pelagem tordilha com metástase em osso e músculo / Anaplasic melanoma in equine of hair tissue with metastase in bone and muscle

Melanomas são neoplasias cutâneas, com origem em melanócitos. Estes neoplasmas são denominados como lesões melanocíticas e são classificados como nevo melanocítico, melanoma anaplásico e melanoma dérmico. Em equinos são mais frequentes em animais de pelagem tordilha. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de melanoma anaplásico, em um equino de pelagem tordilha encaminhado ao Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD), da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). No exame externo do cadáver foram observadas massas enegrecidas, sólidas, multilobuladas na região ventral da cauda, períneo e lábio superior. Na necropsia, foram observadas massas com as mesmas características nos linfonodos, músculos dos membros posteriores e no côndilo do osso occipital. Na avaliação histopatológica, de todos os tecidos, observou-se a proliferação de células com núcleos arredondados e abundante citoplasma, contendo grande quantidade de grânulos de melanina. Mitoses eram frequentes e havia acentuado pleomorfismo celular. Com base nos achados macroscópicos e microscópicos foi diagnosticado melanoma anaplásico.

Melanomas are cutaneous neoplasms, originating in melanocytes. These neoplasms are referred to as melanocytic lesions, and are classified as melanocytic nevus, anaplastic melanoma and dermal melanoma. In equines, they are more frequent in animals of tordilha coat. The objective of this study was to report a case of anaplastic melanoma in a tordilha fur horse referred to the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Veterinary School of the Federal University of Pelotas. In the external examination of the cadaver, blackened, solid masses, multilobulated in the ventral region of the tail, perineum and upper lip were observed. At necropsy, there were masses with the same characteristics in lymph nodes, muscles of the hind limbs and in the condyle of the occipital bone. Histologically it was observed in all tissues, proliferation of cells with rounded nuclei, and abundant cytoplasm, containing large amount of melanin granules. Mitoses were frequent and there was marked cellular pleomorphism. Based on macroscopic and microscopic findings, anaplastic melanoma was diagnosed.

Melanoma anaplásico em equino de pelagem tordilha com metástase em osso e músculo / Anaplasic melanoma in equine of hair tissue with metastase in bone and muscle

Melanomas são neoplasias cutâneas, com origem em melanócitos. Estes neoplasmas são denominados como lesões melanocíticas e são classificados como nevo melanocítico, melanoma anaplásico e melanoma dérmico. Em equinos são mais frequentes em animais de pelagem tordilha. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de melanoma anaplásico, em um equino de pelagem tordilha encaminhado ao Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD), da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). No exame externo do cadáver foram observadas massas enegrecidas, sólidas, multilobuladas na região ventral da cauda, períneo e lábio superior. Na necropsia, foram observadas massas com as mesmas características nos linfonodos, músculos dos membros posteriores e no côndilo do osso occipital. Na avaliação histopatológica, de todos os tecidos, observou-se a proliferação de células com núcleos arredondados e abundante citoplasma, contendo grande quantidade de grânulos de melanina. Mitoses eram frequentes e havia acentuado pleomorfismo celular. Com base nos achados macroscópicos e microscópicos foi diagnosticado melanoma anaplásico.(AU)

Melanomas are cutaneous neoplasms, originating in melanocytes. These neoplasms are referred to as melanocytic lesions, and are classified as melanocytic nevus, anaplastic melanoma and dermal melanoma. In equines, they are more frequent in animals of tordilha coat. The objective of this study was to report a case of anaplastic melanoma in a tordilha fur horse referred to the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Veterinary School of the Federal University of Pelotas. In the external examination of the cadaver, blackened, solid masses, multilobulated in the ventral region of the tail, perineum and upper lip were observed. At necropsy, there were masses with the same characteristics in lymph nodes, muscles of the hind limbs and in the condyle of the occipital bone. Histologically it was observed in all tissues, proliferation of cells with rounded nuclei, and abundant cytoplasm, containing large amount of melanin granules. Mitoses were frequent and there was marked cellular pleomorphism. Based on macroscopic and microscopic findings, anaplastic melanoma was diagnosed.(AU)