Onfaloflebite em bezerra - tratamento com marsupialização da veia umbilical / Omphalophlebitis in a calf - treatment with umbilical vein marsupialization

Background: Omphalophlebitis is characterized as an omphalopathy that affects the umbilical vein. In these cases, ultrasonography can help identify the severity of abdominal lesions and guide the choice of treatment. Marsupialization of the umbilical vein is a surgical procedure indicated in cases where this vessel presents with purulent secretion up to the liver parenchyma. This report describes a case of omphalophlebitis in a calf treated by marsupialization of the umbilical vein. The preoperative and postoperative sonographic findings are also described. Case: A 4-day-old Holstein calf was attended at the Veterinary Hospital (HV) of the Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil. On physical examination, the animal was found to be apathetic, with tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperthermia, hyperemic mucous membranes, and moderate dehydration. An increase in volume was observed in the umbilical region, with local hyperthermia, firm consistency, and sensitivity to palpation. On deep palpation of the abdomen, a mass originating in the umbilical region and extending cranially was observed, leading to the suspicion of omphalophlebitis. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed external umbilical abscess and omphalophlebitis. Initially, conservative treatment with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs was performed; however, there was no improvement in the clinical picture. Therefore, exploratory celiotomy was performed to remove the umbilical infectious focus. During the procedure, it was verified that the umbilical vein was dilated with a thickened wall until its insertion in the hepatic parenchyma, hence removal of the infected region through a ligature was not possible. Thus, marsupialization of the umbilical vein was performed to create a cutaneous opening for drainage of the purulent contents. In the postoperative period, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic drugs were administered. Dressing of the surgical wound and of the umbilical vein lumen was performed with topical polyvidone at 0.2%. Removal of the stitches was done 14 days postoperatively. Weekly ultrasonographic examinations were performed, which showed a gradual reduction in the diameter of the umbilical vein throughout the postoperative period. Thirty days after the surgical procedure, no further drainage of the purulent content was observed from the umbilical vein, and healing of the stump was demonstrated. After 7 months, a repeat ultrasonography was performed, revealing normal echogenicity and echotexture of the hepatic parenchyma and complete atrophy of the umbilical vein. Discussion: Umbilical vein marsupialization is a surgery rarely described in the literature, and no report has followed the evolution of a case by ultrasonography. The ultrasound examination of the umbilical structures was essential for the definitive diagnosis and choice of surgical treatment. Marsupialization of the umbilical vein was chosen due to the impossibility of ligature of this vessel, which presented with thickened walls and lumen filled with purulent content until its insertion into the liver. Postoperative monitoring via serial ultrasonography examinations allowed follow up of the evolution of the case and animal recovery. At the sonographic reevaluation after 7 months, the findings were unremarkable, indicating complete recovery of the patient. Umbilical marsupialization is a surgical technique that allows complete recovery of calves with severe omphalophlebitis. Ultrasonography is fundamental for the diagnosis of omphalophlebitis and in determining the best therapeutic protocol. Sonographic evaluation during the postoperative period allows follow-up of the progression of lesions in abdominal structures and helps in defining the prognosis.

Economic loss from the main causes of whole bovine carcass condemnation in slaughterhouses supervised by the Federal Inspection Service in São Paulo state from 2010 to 2019

The objective of this study was to analyze and determine the economic loss from the main causes of whole bovine carcass condemnation in slaughterhouses thatare inspected by the Federal Inspection Service in the state of São Paulo for the period from 2010 to 2019. Economic loss was calculated from multiplication of the number of whole carcasses condemned by the mean yield of meat per carcass and the mean annual price of beef. The monetary values were updated to the year 2019, using the IGP-DI [General Price Index]. The results indicated an economic loss of R$ 4.06 billion from the whole condemnation of bovine carcasses and the main causes were contamination (R$ 1.73 billion), abscess (R$ 283.20 million), urinary cyst (R$ 194.14 million), emphysema (R$ 107.00 million) and nephritis (R$ 107.52 million). The main factors associated with the whole condemnation of bovine carcasses are failures in the pre-slaughter management and in the slaughter stages, as well as nutritional disorders. Consequently, to minimize such losses in beef production in São Paulo state it is recommended to adopt good production practices and train slaughterhouse employees.(AU)

Thoracic spinal epidural empyema in a cat

A 2-month-old male domestic shorthair cat was referred to a private veterinary clinic with a history of dyspnea and inappetence. At the clinical examination, the cat was in poor body condition, with hyperthermia and abdominal distension. No major abnormalities were observed in the thoracic radiographs or abdominal ultrasound. A complete blood count revealed leukocytosis with neutrophilia. Although no clinical diagnosis was made, the cat received support therapy, but went into cardiac arrest and died. The cat was submitted for necropsy and the main gross finding was two white nodules on the ventral surface of the thoracic vertebrae (from T1 to T4). At the cut surface, the nodules were friable and filled with yellow exudate. The epidural space of the thoracic region was filled with yellowish viscous material. Histologically, the vertebrae were partially replaced by abscess formation characterized by a necrotic center with degenerate neutrophils, surrounded by fibrous connective tissue. The epidural space was filled with degenerate neutrophils, necrotic debris, fibrin, and intralesional colonies of gram-negative short rod-shaped to coccobacillary bacteria. Bacteriologic culture yielded Pasteurella multocida. This paper describes the gross, histological, and bacteriological features of a rare case of spinal epidural empyema caused by Pasteurella multocida in a cat.(AU)

Fluconazol intra-estromal - eficácia na cirurgia de abscesso estromal em equino / Intrastromal fluconazole - effectiveness in the surgery of stromal abscess in a horse

Background: Due to its ocular microflora, the equine species is predisposed to develop mycotic ulcers which, when notproperly treated, can lead to the formation of a stromal abscess. A stromal abscess occurs through the introduction ofmicroorganisms into the corneal stroma. During re-epithelialization, the foreign body is encapsulated, thus creating abarrier that protects bacteria or fungi from treatment with antimicrobial medication. This framework can end up resultingin blindness due to chronic iridocyclitis, putting the animal’s vision at risk. The current work aims to report a case of corrective surgery for stromal abscess in a mare with the administration of intraoperative intrastromal fluconazole, in orderto corroborate the effectiveness of the technique.Case: A 9-year-old mare was evaluated, with the complaint that her right eye was closed and “yellowish” and that she hadalready been treated with intramuscular injectable anti-inflammatory drugs based on flunexin meglumine (Banamine® -50 mg) for 15 days, referring to a possible ulcer in the right eye. Ophthalmic screening resulted in a negative direct reflexand no threat response in the right eye. Examination of the conjunctiva showed congestion and chemosis. Examination ofthe cornea of the right eye was negative for Fluorescein and Green Lissamine tests, and opacity and corneal neovascularization were noted. The final diagnosis was a corneal abscess of probable fungal origin secondary to a keratomycosis. Afterthe consultation, complementary blood and biochemical tests were performed, which showed normal results for the speciesin question, and treatment was started with eye drops based on atropine 1% (Fagra® - 20 mL), ciprofloxacin antimicrobialeye drops (Ciprovet Colirio® - 5 mL), and antifungal eye drops based on ketoconazole...

Oral affections in an ex situ population of marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus): a retrospective study (1990-2020) / Afecções bucais em uma população ex situ de cervos-do-pantanal (Blastoceru dichotomus): um estudo retrospectivo (1990-2020)

Oral diseases are limiting to health, welfare, and conservation practices, especially in the case of endangered animals. In this retrospective study, a survey on oral health-related conditions noted in the clinical records for 261 deer comprised in an ex situ population of the Marsh Deer Conservation Center (CCCP) over 30 years (1990-2020) was carried out. Of these, 49 (18.77%) marsh deer (31 females - 63.27% and 18 males - 36.73%) had clinical oral affections; the affected deer's mean age was 8.9 years. Logistic regression analysis was performed, and the variable age was significantly associated with the presence of dental affections. Thus, with a change in the age category, a deer had eight times the chance of manifesting oral affections; therefore, age can be considered a risk factor for the manifestation of oral affections in the species. Increased facial volume (65.3%), accumulation of food in the mouth (36.7%), tooth loss (22.4%), fistulas (22.4%), mucosal or palatal lesions (22.4%), tooth wear (20.4%), and tooth root exposure (18.3%) were the most frequently recorded lesions. The relatively high occurrence of oral affections in Blastocerus dichotomus reiterates the importance of oral health care when deer are kept in human care.

As doenças bucais são limitantes para as práticas de saúde, bem-estar e conservação, especialmente no caso de animais ameaçados de extinção. Neste estudo retrospectivo, realizou-se um levantamento sobre condições relacionadas à saúde bucal observadas nos registros clínicos de 261 cervídeos que compunham uma população ex situ do Centro de Conservação do Cervo-do-Pantanal durante um período de 30 anos (1990-2020). Destes, 49 (18,77%) cervos-do-pantanal (31 fêmeas (63,27%) e 18 machos (36,73%)) apresentavam afecções clínicas bucais; e a idade média dos cervídeos afetados foi de 8,9 anos. Realizou-se a análise de regressão logística e a variável idade mostrou associação significativa com a presença de afecções dentárias. Assim, com a mudança de categoria de idade, um cervídeo teve oito vezes mais chances de manifestar afecções bucais; portanto, a idade pode ser considerada como fator de risco para manifestação de afecções bucais na espécie. Aumento de volume facial (65,3%), acúmulo de alimentos na boca (36,7%), perda dentária (22,4%), fístulas (22,4%), lesões nas mucosas ou palatinas (22,4%), desgaste dentário (20,4%) e exposição de raiz (18,3%) foram as lesões mais registradas. A ocorrência relativamente alta de afecções bucais em Blastocerus dichotomus reitera a importância dos cuidados com a saúde bucal quando os cervídeos são mantidos sob cuidados humanos.

Linfadenite caseosa intestinal em ovino / Intestinal caseous lymphadenitis in sheep

Background: Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacteriumpseudotuberculosis, which is considered the main agent responsible for abscess lesions. In the visceral form it can affect theinternal organs of sheep and goats, which could negatively affect animal health and cause large economic losses for producers.Case: This study aims to report a case of intestinal CL in sheep, with suspected diagnosis during physical examinationand identification during the performance of the oophorectomy procedure, adopted as a management approach. It is amixed breed sheep, aged over 5 years; weight 28 kg; emaciated on physical examination; with pale pink and moist eyelidmucosa; heart and respiratory rate: 81 beats/min and 22 movements/min, respectively; body temperature 39.2°C; ruminalmovements at 1 movement/min; without identification of lymphadenomegaly on palpation, however, it was observed thatthe right submandibular lymph node presented tissue retraction compatible with the healing process. For the surgical procedure, an 18-h fast was used and pre-anesthetic medication with 2% xylazine (0.1 mg/kg), 10% ketamine (5 mg/kg) and50 mg/mL tramadol (2 mg/kg) administrated intramuscularly. The animal was placed in the left lateral decubitus position,then was performed trichotomy and epidural administration of 2% lidocaine (4 mg/kg) and maintenance with propofol10 mg/mL intravenous dose-effect and oxygen mask 3 L/min, antibiotic prophylaxis was performed with 10% enrofloxacin(2.5 mg/kg). Flank oophorectomy was performed according to the classic technique and during...

Linfadenite caseosa intestinal em ovino / Intestinal caseous lymphadenitis in sheep

Background: Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacteriumpseudotuberculosis, which is considered the main agent responsible for abscess lesions. In the visceral form it can affect theinternal organs of sheep and goats, which could negatively affect animal health and cause large economic losses for producers.Case: This study aims to report a case of intestinal CL in sheep, with suspected diagnosis during physical examinationand identification during the performance of the oophorectomy procedure, adopted as a management approach. It is amixed breed sheep, aged over 5 years; weight 28 kg; emaciated on physical examination; with pale pink and moist eyelidmucosa; heart and respiratory rate: 81 beats/min and 22 movements/min, respectively; body temperature 39.2°C; ruminalmovements at 1 movement/min; without identification of lymphadenomegaly on palpation, however, it was observed thatthe right submandibular lymph node presented tissue retraction compatible with the healing process. For the surgical procedure, an 18-h fast was used and pre-anesthetic medication with 2% xylazine (0.1 mg/kg), 10% ketamine (5 mg/kg) and50 mg/mL tramadol (2 mg/kg) administrated intramuscularly. The animal was placed in the left lateral decubitus position,then was performed trichotomy and epidural administration of 2% lidocaine (4 mg/kg) and maintenance with propofol10 mg/mL intravenous dose-effect and oxygen mask 3 L/min, antibiotic prophylaxis was performed with 10% enrofloxacin(2.5 mg/kg). Flank oophorectomy was performed according to the classic technique and during...(AU)

Glossite por Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli em um equino / Glossitis by Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli in an equine

Background: Actinobacillosis in adult horses is rare, and is often associated with infection due to Actinobacillus equulisubsp. equuli, which is a commensal organism inhabiting the oral cavity of healthy animals. It is an opportunistic pathogen,and the infection usually occurs secondary to another primary disease or due to predisposing factors such as pre-existinglesions, mainly in the oral cavity. Infection may be associated with peritonitis, bacterial endocarditis, pneumonia, enteritis,infectious periorchitis, abortion, and septicemia. This paper aims to describe the clinical, microbiological, and pathologicalaspects of actinobacillosis in the oral cavity of a horse.Case: A case of actinobacillosis has been reported in a 22-year-old gelding Quarter Horse. According to the owner, theanimal presented with progressive weight loss during the previous three months, and leakage of food from the oral cavity.Examination of the oral cavity revealed sharp enamel overgrowths, which had been corrected during a previous dentalprocedure. However, five days after the procedure, the animal developed halitosis. Ceftiofur sodium (4.4 mg/kg intramuscularly, every 24 h) was prescribed; two days after the commencement of antimicrobial therapy, the animal presented withsialorrhea, bilateral submandibular lymphadenomegaly, protrusion of the tongue, edema of the base of the tongue, cheeks,and gums, in addition to black-colored sores and scales in the oral mucosa, particularly affecting the base of the tongue andgums. Samples from ulcerative lesions found at the base of the tongue and gums were collected using sterile swabs, andculture and antibiogram were requested. Microbiological culture led to the growth of small colonies measuring less than5 mm in diameter, that were non-hemolytic, slightly whitish in color but non-opaque, smooth and bright in appearance.These were identified as gram-negative rods on microscopy, and further characterized...

Glossite por Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli em um equino / Glossitis by Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli in an equine

Background: Actinobacillosis in adult horses is rare, and is often associated with infection due to Actinobacillus equulisubsp. equuli, which is a commensal organism inhabiting the oral cavity of healthy animals. It is an opportunistic pathogen,and the infection usually occurs secondary to another primary disease or due to predisposing factors such as pre-existinglesions, mainly in the oral cavity. Infection may be associated with peritonitis, bacterial endocarditis, pneumonia, enteritis,infectious periorchitis, abortion, and septicemia. This paper aims to describe the clinical, microbiological, and pathologicalaspects of actinobacillosis in the oral cavity of a horse.Case: A case of actinobacillosis has been reported in a 22-year-old gelding Quarter Horse. According to the owner, theanimal presented with progressive weight loss during the previous three months, and leakage of food from the oral cavity.Examination of the oral cavity revealed sharp enamel overgrowths, which had been corrected during a previous dentalprocedure. However, five days after the procedure, the animal developed halitosis. Ceftiofur sodium (4.4 mg/kg intramuscularly, every 24 h) was prescribed; two days after the commencement of antimicrobial therapy, the animal presented withsialorrhea, bilateral submandibular lymphadenomegaly, protrusion of the tongue, edema of the base of the tongue, cheeks,and gums, in addition to black-colored sores and scales in the oral mucosa, particularly affecting the base of the tongue andgums. Samples from ulcerative lesions found at the base of the tongue and gums were collected using sterile swabs, andculture and antibiogram were requested. Microbiological culture led to the growth of small colonies measuring less than5 mm in diameter, that were non-hemolytic, slightly whitish in color but non-opaque, smooth and bright in appearance.These were identified as gram-negative rods on microscopy, and further characterized...(AU)

Fístula orofacial causada por abcesso periapical em equino / Orofacial fistula caused by periapical abcession

Os problemas relacionados à odontologia equina são cada vez mais frequentes devido à sua domesticação e confinamento precoce, que alteram os hábitos e padrões alimentares, culminando principalmente em perda de peso e baixo desempenho do animal, além de prejudicar a digestibilidade dos alimentos. Isso pode causar, entre várias consequências, um abscesso alveolar crônico do dente, que se apresenta como uma fístula, que pode ser intraoral ou extraoralmente. Uma equina que apresentou alterações no padrão mastigatório, pontas do esmalte dentário e ulcerações vestibulares foi submetida à extração dentária do dente comprometido (206) pela técnica intraoral. O tratamento pós-operatório baseou-se na lavagem da boca do cavalo com água corrente, aplicação de mel de abelha adicionado de própolis e uso de antibiótico anti-inflamatório, para que houvesse remissão completa dos sinais clínicos de desconforto e fechamento bucais da fístula orofacial.

Problems related to equine dentistry are increasingly frequent due to its taming and early confinement that change eating habits and patterns, mainly culminating in weight loss and poor performance of the animal, as well as impairing the digestibility of food. This can cause, among several consequences, a chronic alveolar tooth abscess, which presents as a fistula, which may be intraorally or extraorally. A female horse that presented alterations in the chewing pattern, dental enamel tips and vestibular ulcerations was submitted to dental extraction of the compromised tooth (206) by the intraoral technique. The postoperative treatment was based on washing the horse's mouth with running water, applying bee honey added with propolis, and the use of anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, so that there was complete remission of clinical signs of oral discomfort and closure. of the orofacial fistula.

Fístula orofacial causada por abcesso periapical em equino / Orofacial fistula caused by periapical abcession

Os problemas relacionados à odontologia equina são cada vez mais frequentes devido à sua domesticação e confinamento precoce, que alteram os hábitos e padrões alimentares, culminando principalmente em perda de peso e baixo desempenho do animal, além de prejudicar a digestibilidade dos alimentos. Isso pode causar, entre várias consequências, um abscesso alveolar crônico do dente, que se apresenta como uma fístula, que pode ser intraoral ou extra oralmente. Uma equina que apresentou alterações no padrão mastigatório, pontas do esmalte dentário e ulcerações vestibulares foi submetida à extração dentária do dente comprometido (206) pela técnica intraoral. O tratamento pós-operatório baseou-se na lavagem da boca do cavalo com água corrente, aplicação de mel de abelha adicionado de própolis e uso de antibiótico anti-inflamatório, para que houvesse remissão completa dos sinais clínicos de desconforto e fechamento bucais da fístula orofacial.(AU)

Problems related to equine dentistry are increasingly frequent due to its taming and early confinement that change eating habits and patterns, mainly culminating in weight loss and poor performance of the animal, as well as impairing the digestibility of food. This can cause, among several consequences, a chronic alveolar tooth abscess, which presents as a fistula, which may be intraorally or extraorally. A female horse that presented alterations in the chewing pattern, dental enamel tips and vestibular ulcerations was submitted to dental extraction of the compromised tooth (206) by the intraoral technique. The postoperative treatment was based on washing the horse's mouth with running water, applying bee honey added with propolis, and the use of anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, so that there was complete remission of clinical signs of oral discomfort and closure. of the orofacial fistula.(AU)

Subcutaneous abscess caused by Trueperella pyogenes in a bovine in the Western Amazon: case report / Abscesso subcutâneo por Trueperella pyogenes em bovino na Amazônia Ocidental: relato de caso

Trueperella pyogenes is a pathogenic bacterium that causes suppurative infections in domestic and wild animals as well as humans. This paper describes a clinical case of subcutaneous abscess by T. pyogenes in a bovine in the Western Amazon, Brazil. During anamnesis, intramuscular injectable drug administration in the middle third of the left gluteal biceps muscle and the practice of reusing needles were reported. The clinical examination revealed edema, hyperthermia and high pain sensitivity to the touch in the region. A sample was collected through a puncture incision for the bacterial culture, during which T. pyogenes was isolated. The therapeutic approach was the use of a systemic antimicrobial and topical care, with a good prognosis. This report is the first description of infection by T. pyogenes in cattle in the Western Amazon and underscores the importance of appropriate sanitary management in herds, especially the use of disposable needles and hygiene at the site of parenteral drug application.

A Trueperella pyogenes é uma bactéria patogênica, causadora de infecções supurativas em animais domésticos e silvestres, além de seres humanos. Descreve-se um caso clínico de abscesso subcutâneo por T. pyogenes em bovino na Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil. Durante a anamnese, foi relatada a administração de fármaco injetável por via intramuscular no terço médio do músculo glúteo bíceps esquerdo, além da prática de reutilização de agulhas. No exame clínico, observou-se edema, hipertermia e elevada sensibilidade dolorosa ao toque da região. Foi realizada inciso-punção e colheita de amostra para cultivo bacteriano, no qual isolou-se a T. pyogenes. A conduta terapêutica instituída foi baseada no uso de antimicrobiano sistêmico e cuidados tópicos, apresentando bom prognóstico. O relato de caso apresentado denota a primeira descrição da infecção por Trueperella pyogenes em bovino na Amazônia Ocidental e alerta para a relevância do manejo sanitário adequado nas criações, sobretudo quanto à utilização de agulhas descartáveis e higienização no local da aplicação de fármacos por via parenteral.

Subcutaneous abscess caused by Trueperella pyogenes in a bovine in the Western Amazon: case report / Abscesso subcutâneo por Trueperella pyogenes em bovino na Amazônia Ocidental: relato de caso

Trueperella pyogenes is a pathogenic bacterium that causes suppurative infections in domestic and wild animals as well as humans. This paper describes a clinical case of subcutaneous abscess by T. pyogenes in a bovine in the Western Amazon, Brazil. During anamnesis, intramuscular injectable drug administration in the middle third of the left gluteal biceps muscle and the practice of reusing needles were reported. The clinical examination revealed edema, hyperthermia and high pain sensitivity to the touch in the region. A sample was collected through a puncture incision for the bacterial culture, during which T. pyogenes was isolated. The therapeutic approach was the use of a systemic antimicrobial and topical care, with a good prognosis. This report is the first description of infection by T. pyogenes in cattle in the Western Amazon and underscores the importance of appropriate sanitary management in herds, especially the use of disposable needles and hygiene at the site of parenteral drug application.(AU)

A Trueperella pyogenes é uma bactéria patogênica, causadora de infecções supurativas em animais domésticos e silvestres, além de seres humanos. Descreve-se um caso clínico de abscesso subcutâneo por T. pyogenes em bovino na Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil. Durante a anamnese, foi relatada a administração de fármaco injetável por via intramuscular no terço médio do músculo glúteo bíceps esquerdo, além da prática de reutilização de agulhas. No exame clínico, observou-se edema, hipertermia e elevada sensibilidade dolorosa ao toque da região. Foi realizada inciso-punção e colheita de amostra para cultivo bacteriano, no qual isolou-se a T. pyogenes. A conduta terapêutica instituída foi baseada no uso de antimicrobiano sistêmico e cuidados tópicos, apresentando bom prognóstico. O relato de caso apresentado denota a primeira descrição da infecção por Trueperella pyogenes em bovino na Amazônia Ocidental e alerta para a relevância do manejo sanitário adequado nas criações, sobretudo quanto à utilização de agulhas descartáveis e higienização no local da aplicação de fármacos por via parenteral.(AU)

Suppurative splenitis in a filly

Splenic abscess is an uncommon condition in humans and animals. The present report describes a rare case of suppurative splenitis in a 14-month-old filly, presented with signs of mild colic, depression and hyporexia. After clinical and laboratorial evaluation, a suppurative process of undetermined location was suspected. Medical therapy and supportive care were initiated, general condition has degraded in few days, and a paracentesis was performed diagnosing peritonitis. Given the poor prognosis, euthanasia was elected. At necropsy, multiple splenic abscess and diffuse peritonitis were identified. The etiology was not determined.

Suppurative splenitis in a filly

Splenic abscess is an uncommon condition in humans and animals. The present report describes a rare case of suppurative splenitis in a 14-month-old filly, presented with signs of mild colic, depression and hyporexia. After clinical and laboratorial evaluation, a suppurative process of undetermined location was suspected. Medical therapy and supportive care were initiated, general condition has degraded in few days, and a paracentesis was performed diagnosing peritonitis. Given the poor prognosis, euthanasia was elected. At necropsy, multiple splenic abscess and diffuse peritonitis were identified. The etiology was not determined.(AU)

Staphylococcus sciuri associated to subcutaneous abscess and dermatitis in ICR mouse / Staphylococcus sciuri associado a abcesso subcutâneo e dermatite em ratos

Subcutaneous mass was found in ICR mouse during daily health observation in the breeding colony of the National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, Thailand. The animal was subsequently culled and humanely sacrificed due to the institutional preventive medicine policy. Microbiological and histopathological studies were performed for definitive diagnosis. The results described that the case was subcutaneous abscess and chronic dermatitis in association with Staphylococcus sciuri infection without epizootic and mortality. This was determined as the first reported case in Thailand occurring in mouse. Reproductive stress and abrasion skin wound may be the predisposing factors. Although pathogenic staphylococci in laboratory animals are limited to S. aureus and S. xylosus, S. sciuri opportunistic properties, natural history, and heterogeneity should not be forgotten.(AU)

Uma massa subcutânea foi encontrada em um rato ICR durante uma observação diária de saúde na colônia reprodutora do Laboratório do Centro Animal Nacional, na Universidade de Mahidol, Tailândia. O animal foi selecionado e humanamente sacrificado devido à política institucional de medicina preventiva. Estudos microbiológicos e histopatológicos foram realizados para um diagnóstico definitivo. Os resultados descrevem que o caso foi um abcesso subcutâneo e dermatite crônica associado com infecção por Staphylococcus sciuri sem epizootia e mortalidade. Este foi determinado como o primeiro caso relatado em ratos na Tailândia. Estresse reprodutivo e ferida abrasiva na pele podem ser os fatores de predisposição. Apesar de staphylococci patogênicos em animais de laboratório serem limitados a S. aureus E S. xylosus, as propriedades oportunistas, história natural e heterogeneidade do S. sciuri não devem ser esquecidos.(AU)

Staphylococcus sciuri associated to subcutaneous abscess and dermatitis in ICR mouse / Staphylococcus sciuri associado a abcesso subcutâneo e dermatite em ratos

Subcutaneous mass was found in ICR mouse during daily health observation in the breeding colony of the National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, Thailand. The animal was subsequently culled and humanely sacrificed due to the institutional preventive medicine policy. Microbiological and histopathological studies were performed for definitive diagnosis. The results described that the case was subcutaneous abscess and chronic dermatitis in association with Staphylococcus sciuri infection without epizootic and mortality. This was determined as the first reported case in Thailand occurring in mouse. Reproductive stress and abrasion skin wound may be the predisposing factors. Although pathogenic staphylococci in laboratory animals are limited to S. aureus and S. xylosus, S. sciuri opportunistic properties, natural history, and heterogeneity should not be forgotten.(AU)

Uma massa subcutânea foi encontrada em um rato ICR durante uma observação diária de saúde na colônia reprodutora do Laboratório do Centro Animal Nacional, na Universidade de Mahidol, Tailândia. O animal foi selecionado e humanamente sacrificado devido à política institucional de medicina preventiva. Estudos microbiológicos e histopatológicos foram realizados para um diagnóstico definitivo. Os resultados descrevem que o caso foi um abcesso subcutâneo e dermatite crônica associado com infecção por Staphylococcus sciuri sem epizootia e mortalidade. Este foi determinado como o primeiro caso relatado em ratos na Tailândia. Estresse reprodutivo e ferida abrasiva na pele podem ser os fatores de predisposição. Apesar de staphylococci patogênicos em animais de laboratório serem limitados a S. aureus E S. xylosus, as propriedades oportunistas, história natural e heterogeneidade do S. sciuri não devem ser esquecidos.(AU)

ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS, EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS E MORFOLÓGICOS DE TROMBOFLEBITE DE VEIA CAVA CAUDAL EM BOVINOS

A tromboflebite de veia cava caudal (TVCC) é um distúrbio grave, geralmente fatal, que acomete bovinos causando perdas econômicas para produtores e para a pecuária nacional. A doença muitas vezes está associada a dietas rica em grãos introduzidas sem adaptação, que resultam em acidose ruminal. Esta, por sua vez, favorece a formação de abscessos hepáticos, os quais aumentam de volume e, ao atingirem a parede da veia cava caudal ou hepática, rompem para o seu interior, provocando embolização séptica e morte. O melhor conhecimento dos aspectos epidemiológicos e morfológicos da doença permite aumentar a probabilidade de conclusão correta do diagnóstico dos casos de morte. Para isso foram levantados os casos de TVCC diagnosticados em bovinos no Setor de Patologia da UFLA no período de 2004 a 2020. Foram avaliados os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos, macroscópicos e microscópicos de dezesseis casos de TVCC. A doença foi diagnosticada em bovinos com aptidão para produção de leite, sendo constatada ocorrência predominante em fêmeas, a idade média dos animais afetados foi de dois anos e oito meses e, quanto à ocorrência ao longo do ano, mais casos ocorreram no período seco, que na Região Sudeste se estende de abril a setembro. Os casos avaliados provinham de 12 propriedades da Região de Lavras e em todas havia informação de suplementação alimentar com concentrado, no entanto, em uma delas o caso foi associado a uso de palhada de milho. Em quatro casos houve observação de eliminação de sangue vivo pelas vias respiratórias, em quantidades variáveis e foram registrados três casos de morte súbita. Abscessos hepáticos foram descritos na necrópsia de onze bovinos, com grande trombo oclusivo em dez. A avaliação histoquímica de Brown-Hopps modificada revelou bactérias cocoides, cocobacilares e bacilares, Gram positivas e Gram negativas nos trombos e êmbolos, evidenciando a participação de diferentes tipos de bactérias. A doença precisa ser mais conhecida para ser melhor diagnosticada e evitada, o que motivou a realização deste trabalho.

Thrombophlebitis of caudal vena cava is a serious disorder of cattle, usually fatal, that causes economic losses to farmers and the Brazilian livestock. The disease is often associated with diets rich in grain introduced without adaptation, resulting in ruminal acidosis. This, in turn, favors liver abscesses formation, which increases in volume and, upon reaching the wall of the caudal vena cava or vena hepatica, ruptures into them, causing septic embolization and death. Better knowledge of the disease's epidemiological and morphological aspects of increases the likelihood of a correct diagnosis of vena cava thrombophlebitis. For this purpose, cases of the disease diagnosed in the Veterinary Pathology Sector of UFLA from 2004 to 2020 were studied. Clinical, epidemiological, gross, and histologic aspects of sixteen cases of caudal vena cava thrombophlebitis in cattle were evaluated. The disease was diagnosed in dairy cattle, with a major occurrence in females and an age average of two years and eight months. Analyzing the occurrence throughout the year, more cases occurred in the dry season, which extends from April to September in the Southeast Region of Brazil. The studied cases were from 12 farms in the Lavras Region and all of them used food supplementation with grain concentrate; however, in one case the disease was associated with the use of corn straw. In four cases, there were observed elimination of varying amounts of blood through the upper respiratory tract and mouth. At necropsy, liver abscesses were seen in eleven bovines, and large thrombi occluding the vena cava were seen in ten. The histochemical evaluation highlighted bacteria in the lesions. The disease needs to be most known to be better diagnosed and prevented, which motivated this study.

Pododermatite infecciosa e outras doenças podais em caprinos / Foot rot and other foot lesions in goats

Descrevem-se neste artigo aspectos relacionados a doenças podais em caprinos com ênfase na pododermatite infecciosa. São discutidos os aspectos epidemiológicos, sinais clínicos, patogenia e medidas de controle e erradicação da pododermatite infecciosa. Outras doenças podais menos frequentes em caprinos, incluindo abscesso do pé, doença da linha branca e lesões traumáticas do casco são também mencionadas.

This paper reviews foot diseases in small ruminants, mainly goats, with emphasis on foot rot. Epidemiology, clinical signs, pathogenesis, diagnostic, and control and eradication of foot rot are reviewed. Also other less frequent foot diseases of goats including foot abscesses, white line disease and traumatic injury to the hull are mentioned.

Pododermatite infecciosa e outras doenças podais em caprinos / Foot rot and other foot lesions in goats

Descrevem-se neste artigo aspectos relacionados a doenças podais em caprinos com ênfase na pododermatite infecciosa. São discutidos os aspectos epidemiológicos, sinais clínicos, patogenia e medidas de controle e erradicação da pododermatite infecciosa. Outras doenças podais menos frequentes em caprinos, incluindo abscesso do pé, doença da linha branca e lesões traumáticas do casco são também mencionadas.(AU)

This paper reviews foot diseases in small ruminants, mainly goats, with emphasis on foot rot. Epidemiology, clinical signs, pathogenesis, diagnostic, and control and eradication of foot rot are reviewed. Also other less frequent foot diseases of goats including foot abscesses, white line disease and traumatic injury to the hull are mentioned.(AU)