Plasmocitoma extramedular de terceira pálpebra em gato / Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the third eyelid in a cat

Background: Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a neoplasm originating from plasmacytes with benign behavior, althoughit can present malignant characteristics such as local invasion and metastases in some cases. Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma in the third eyelid is rare in humans and animals and has not yet been described in cats. Thus, the goal of thepresent study is to describe the cytological and histopathological findings of an extramedullary plasmacytoma in a cat’sthird eyelid.Case: A 5-year-old female feline patient with a history of ocular alteration for approximately 30 days was referred tothe ophthalmology service. Upon ophthalmic examination of the left eye, an increase in volume with tissue proliferationwas identified in the third eyelid’s conjunctiva. A collection of material for cytopathological examination was performed.Numerous plasmocytes and atypical lymphocytes with anisocytosis and anisokaryosis were observed, with a possible neoplastic injury being suggested and referred to the patient for surgical removal of the third eyelid. In the histopathologicalanalysis, it was possible to observe several plasma cells and vascular neoformation along the entire conjunctive marginbelow the epithelium. The glands, serous and mucous, present in the fragment, revealed areas of intervening plasmacyticinfiltrate and a large area close to the hyaline cartilage containing intense plasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate with rareneutrophils and macrophages. There was also a structural breakdown of glandular components and lymphocyte cells withmitosis figures and discrete cellular pleomorphism.Discussion: Plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm in both dogs and cats. The anatomical regions most frequently affected arethe digits, lips, and pinna. Concerning the 3rd eyelid tumor involvement, numerous...

Plasmocitoma extramedular de terceira pálpebra em gato / Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the third eyelid in a cat

Background: Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a neoplasm originating from plasmacytes with benign behavior, althoughit can present malignant characteristics such as local invasion and metastases in some cases. Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma in the third eyelid is rare in humans and animals and has not yet been described in cats. Thus, the goal of thepresent study is to describe the cytological and histopathological findings of an extramedullary plasmacytoma in a catsthird eyelid.Case: A 5-year-old female feline patient with a history of ocular alteration for approximately 30 days was referred tothe ophthalmology service. Upon ophthalmic examination of the left eye, an increase in volume with tissue proliferationwas identified in the third eyelids conjunctiva. A collection of material for cytopathological examination was performed.Numerous plasmocytes and atypical lymphocytes with anisocytosis and anisokaryosis were observed, with a possible neoplastic injury being suggested and referred to the patient for surgical removal of the third eyelid. In the histopathologicalanalysis, it was possible to observe several plasma cells and vascular neoformation along the entire conjunctive marginbelow the epithelium. The glands, serous and mucous, present in the fragment, revealed areas of intervening plasmacyticinfiltrate and a large area close to the hyaline cartilage containing intense plasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate with rareneutrophils and macrophages. There was also a structural breakdown of glandular components and lymphocyte cells withmitosis figures and discrete cellular pleomorphism.Discussion: Plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm in both dogs and cats. The anatomical regions most frequently affected arethe digits, lips, and pinna. Concerning the 3rd eyelid tumor involvement, numerous...(AU)

Imprint and spreading techniques for the isolation and identification of subungueal fungi in claws of healthy cats / Técnicas de imprint e espalhamento para isolamento e identificação de fungos subungueais em garras de gatos saudáveis

The aim of this study was to compare imprint and spreading techniques for the isolation and identification of colonies of pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungus in the claws of semidomiciliated cats. We evaluated 150 felines, subdivided into three groups. In the first and second groups, the animals were submitted to the imprint technique in Petri dishes containing Selective Mycobiotic Agar: 50 animals underwent antisepsis of the claws of the thoracic limbs and 50 underwent antisepsis of the claws of only one of the thoracic limbs. The third group (50 animals) was submitted to the spreading technique, whose material was collected by rubbing a sterile swab moistened with brain-heart infusion broth, in the claws of the forelimbs, where an aliquot of the material was transferred to Petri dishes containing Selective Mycobiotic Agar. The material was stored at 25ºC for 30 days. The readings were performed on days 05, 07, 15, and 30 post incubation. Using the imprint technique performed under the conditions of this experiment, we were not able to isolate and identify the colonies because since day 05, they were overlapped, making isolation and subsequent identification impossible. From the spreading technique, Mucor sp. (54,34%), Rhodotorula sp. (28,26%), Fusarium sp. (21,73%), Aspergillus sp. (21,73%), Trichoderma sp. (19,56%), Penicillium sp. (19,56%), Cladosporium sp. (10,86%), Rhizo

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as técnicas de imprint e espalhamento para o isolamento e identificação de colônias de fungos patogênicos e não patogênicos em garras de gatos semidomiciliados. Para tanto, foram avaliados 150 gatos, subdivididos em três grupos de 50 animais. No primeiro e segundo grupos, os gatos foram submetidos à técnica de imprint em placas de Petri contendo Agar Micobiótico Seletivo. No primeiro grupo, os gatos foram submetidos à antissepsia com eta-nol 70% das garras dos membros torácicos e no segundo grupo os animais foram submetidos à antissepsia com etanol 70% das garras de apenas um dos membros torácicos. O terceiro grupo foi submetido à técnica de espalhamento, cujo material foi coletado esfregando-se um swab estéril umedecido em caldo infusão cérebro-coração nas garras dos membros anteriores, a par-tir do qual uma alíquota do material foi transferida para placas de Petri contendo Ágar Micobiótico Seletivo. O material foi armazenado a 25 ° C por 30 dias. As leituras foram realizadas nos dias 5, 7, 15 e 30 após a incubação. Utilizando a técnica de imprint realizada nas condições deste experimento, não fomos capazes de isolar e identificar as colônias, uma vez que desde o dia 5 elas estavam sobrepostas. A partir da técnica de espalhamento, Mucor sp. (54,34%), Rhodotorula sp. (28,26%), Fusarium sp. (21,73%), Aspergillus sp. (21,73%), Trichoderma sp. (19,56%), Penicillium sp. (19,56%), Cladosporium sp. (10,86%), Rhizopussp. (8,68%), Acremonium sp. (6,5%), Exophialia sp. (6,5%), Paecilomyces sp. (4,34%), Trichosporon sp. (4,34%) e Geotrichumsp. (2,17%) foram isolados. Concluiu-se que a técnica de espalhamento mostrou-se útil no isolamento de colônias de fungos em garras felinas, e os animais não apresentam sintomas, o que sinaliza a importância deles como possíveis fontes de exposição para os tutores. Os gatos foram negativos para Sporothrix sp. pelas técnicas de imprint e espalhamento.

Imprint and spreading techniques for the isolation and identification of subungueal fungi in claws of healthy cats / Técnicas de imprint e espalhamento para isolamento e identificação de fungos subungueais em garras de gatos saudáveis

The aim of this study was to compare imprint and spreading techniques for the isolation and identification of colonies of pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungus in the claws of semidomiciliated cats. We evaluated 150 felines, subdivided into three groups. In the first and second groups, the animals were submitted to the imprint technique in Petri dishes containing Selective Mycobiotic Agar: 50 animals underwent antisepsis of the claws of the thoracic limbs and 50 underwent antisepsis of the claws of only one of the thoracic limbs. The third group (50 animals) was submitted to the spreading technique, whose material was collected by rubbing a sterile swab moistened with brain-heart infusion broth, in the claws of the forelimbs, where an aliquot of the material was transferred to Petri dishes containing Selective Mycobiotic Agar. The material was stored at 25ºC for 30 days. The readings were performed on days 05, 07, 15, and 30 post incubation. Using the imprint technique performed under the conditions of this experiment, we were not able to isolate and identify the colonies because since day 05, they were overlapped, making isolation and subsequent identification impossible. From the spreading technique, Mucor sp. (54,34%), Rhodotorula sp. (28,26%), Fusarium sp. (21,73%), Aspergillus sp. (21,73%), Trichoderma sp. (19,56%), Penicillium sp. (19,56%), Cladosporium sp. (10,86%), Rhizo(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as técnicas de imprint e espalhamento para o isolamento e identificação de colônias de fungos patogênicos e não patogênicos em garras de gatos semidomiciliados. Para tanto, foram avaliados 150 gatos, subdivididos em três grupos de 50 animais. No primeiro e segundo grupos, os gatos foram submetidos à técnica de imprint em placas de Petri contendo Agar Micobiótico Seletivo. No primeiro grupo, os gatos foram submetidos à antissepsia com eta-nol 70% das garras dos membros torácicos e no segundo grupo os animais foram submetidos à antissepsia com etanol 70% das garras de apenas um dos membros torácicos. O terceiro grupo foi submetido à técnica de espalhamento, cujo material foi coletado esfregando-se um swab estéril umedecido em caldo infusão cérebro-coração nas garras dos membros anteriores, a par-tir do qual uma alíquota do material foi transferida para placas de Petri contendo Ágar Micobiótico Seletivo. O material foi armazenado a 25 ° C por 30 dias. As leituras foram realizadas nos dias 5, 7, 15 e 30 após a incubação. Utilizando a técnica de imprint realizada nas condições deste experimento, não fomos capazes de isolar e identificar as colônias, uma vez que desde o dia 5 elas estavam sobrepostas. A partir da técnica de espalhamento, Mucor sp. (54,34%), Rhodotorula sp. (28,26%), Fusarium sp. (21,73%), Aspergillus sp. (21,73%), Trichoderma sp. (19,56%), Penicillium sp. (19,56%), Cladosporium sp. (10,86%), Rhizopussp. (8,68%), Acremonium sp. (6,5%), Exophialia sp. (6,5%), Paecilomyces sp. (4,34%), Trichosporon sp. (4,34%) e Geotrichumsp. (2,17%) foram isolados. Concluiu-se que a técnica de espalhamento mostrou-se útil no isolamento de colônias de fungos em garras felinas, e os animais não apresentam sintomas, o que sinaliza a importância deles como possíveis fontes de exposição para os tutores. Os gatos foram negativos para Sporothrix sp. pelas técnicas de imprint e espalhamento.(AU)

Prevalence of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Persian-related cats in Brazil / Prevalência da doença renal policística autossômica dominante em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas no Brasil

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available in Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1 gene to determine ADPKD prevalence in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was used to amplify exon 29 of PKD1 gene employing a PCR-RFLP methodology. From a total of 616 animals, 27/537 Persian and 1/17 Himalayan cats showed the single-nucleotide variant (C to A) at position 3284 in exon 29 of feline PKD1. This pathogenic variation has been identified only in heterozygous state. The prevalence of ADPKD in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds was 5.03% and 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant association between feline breed, gender or age with ADPKD prevalence. Of note, the observed ADPKD prevalence in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds in Brazil was lower than the ones reported in other parts of the world. This finding may be related to genetic counseling and consequent selection of ADPKD-free cats for reproduction.

A doença renal policística autossômica dominante (DRPAD) é a doença genética mais comum em gatos. No entanto, poucos dados sobre sua prevalência estão disponíveis no Brasil. Gatos Persas e de raças relacionadas foram avaliados por genotipagem molecular para a transversão C→A no exon 29 do gene PKD1 felino para determinar a prevalência de DRPAD. DNA genômico extraído de sangue total periférico ou amostras de swabs orais foram utilizados para amplificar o exon 29 do gene PKD1 pela técnica de PCR-RFLP. De um total de 616 gatos, 27/537 Persas e 1/17 Himalaia mostraram a variante de nucleotídeo único (C→A) na posição 3284 no exon 29 do gene PKD1. Esta variante patogênica foi identificada apenas em heterozigose. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas foram de 5,03% e 1,6%, respectivamente. Não houve associações significativas entre raça, gênero ou idade dos felinos e incidência de DRPAD. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas no Brasil foi menor do que em outras partes do mundo, o que pode estar relacionado ao aconselhamento genético e consequente seleção de gatos sem ADPKD para reprodução.

Prevalence of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Persian-related cats in Brazil / Prevalência da doença renal policística autossômica dominante em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas no Brasil

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available in Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1 gene to determine ADPKD prevalence in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was used to amplify exon 29 of PKD1 gene employing a PCR-RFLP methodology. From a total of 616 animals, 27/537 Persian and 1/17 Himalayan cats showed the single-nucleotide variant (C to A) at position 3284 in exon 29 of feline PKD1. This pathogenic variation has been identified only in heterozygous state. The prevalence of ADPKD in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds was 5.03% and 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant association between feline breed, gender or age with ADPKD prevalence. Of note, the observed ADPKD prevalence in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds in Brazil was lower than the ones reported in other parts of the world. This finding may be related to genetic counseling and consequent selection of ADPKD-free cats for reproduction.(AU)

A doença renal policística autossômica dominante (DRPAD) é a doença genética mais comum em gatos. No entanto, poucos dados sobre sua prevalência estão disponíveis no Brasil. Gatos Persas e de raças relacionadas foram avaliados por genotipagem molecular para a transversão CA no exon 29 do gene PKD1 felino para determinar a prevalência de DRPAD. DNA genômico extraído de sangue total periférico ou amostras de swabs orais foram utilizados para amplificar o exon 29 do gene PKD1 pela técnica de PCR-RFLP. De um total de 616 gatos, 27/537 Persas e 1/17 Himalaia mostraram a variante de nucleotídeo único (CA) na posição 3284 no exon 29 do gene PKD1. Esta variante patogênica foi identificada apenas em heterozigose. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas foram de 5,03% e 1,6%, respectivamente. Não houve associações significativas entre raça, gênero ou idade dos felinos e incidência de DRPAD. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas no Brasil foi menor do que em outras partes do mundo, o que pode estar relacionado ao aconselhamento genético e consequente seleção de gatos sem ADPKD para reprodução.(AU)

Pupillary membrane persistence in a feline

Background: Pupillary membrane persistence (PMP) is a congenital abnormality, which is not usually reported in felines.It is characterized by remnants of the fetal membrane that persist as filamentous tissue across the pupil. In general, thischange does not cause any clinical signs. However, the filaments may either attach to the cornea and cause small opacitiesin it or attach to the lens and cause cataracts. In most cases, there is no visual impairment, so treatment is not required.This report aims to describe a case of PMP in a domestic cat diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the State Universityof Santa Cruz (HV-UESC).Case: A two-and-a-half-year-old mixed-breed castrated male cat was brought to the HV-UESC with dermatological complaints. Upon physical examination, the animal was alert with a body temperature, heart, and respiratory rate within thenormal parameters for the feline species. The lymph nodes were non-reactive, and the coloration of the oral mucosa wasnormal. There was no ophthalmic complaint from the owner, nor any loss of visual acuity. In addition, the animal hadmoderate pruritus, redness, and alopecia in the region of the ears, head, neck, chest, and back. Bristle samples were collected for an optical microscope analysis and an infestation with lice (Felicola subrostratus) was confirmed. An endectocidecontaining selamectin (15 mg; single application every 30 days) was prescribed. During physical examination, filamentoustissue crossing from iris to iris through pupil was observed in both eyes. The eyelid, corneal, and pupillary reflexes werewithin normal ranges. An ophthalmic evaluation did not identify conjunctival hyperemia or episcleral vessel congestion,and the eyelid, corneal, and pupillary reflexes were determined to be within the normal range. A slit-lamp biomicroscopydid not detect any anterior chamber alteration besides the filamentous tissue previously mentioned...

Pupillary membrane persistence in a feline

Background: Pupillary membrane persistence (PMP) is a congenital abnormality, which is not usually reported in felines.It is characterized by remnants of the fetal membrane that persist as filamentous tissue across the pupil. In general, thischange does not cause any clinical signs. However, the filaments may either attach to the cornea and cause small opacitiesin it or attach to the lens and cause cataracts. In most cases, there is no visual impairment, so treatment is not required.This report aims to describe a case of PMP in a domestic cat diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the State Universityof Santa Cruz (HV-UESC).Case: A two-and-a-half-year-old mixed-breed castrated male cat was brought to the HV-UESC with dermatological complaints. Upon physical examination, the animal was alert with a body temperature, heart, and respiratory rate within thenormal parameters for the feline species. The lymph nodes were non-reactive, and the coloration of the oral mucosa wasnormal. There was no ophthalmic complaint from the owner, nor any loss of visual acuity. In addition, the animal hadmoderate pruritus, redness, and alopecia in the region of the ears, head, neck, chest, and back. Bristle samples were collected for an optical microscope analysis and an infestation with lice (Felicola subrostratus) was confirmed. An endectocidecontaining selamectin (15 mg; single application every 30 days) was prescribed. During physical examination, filamentoustissue crossing from iris to iris through pupil was observed in both eyes. The eyelid, corneal, and pupillary reflexes werewithin normal ranges. An ophthalmic evaluation did not identify conjunctival hyperemia or episcleral vessel congestion,and the eyelid, corneal, and pupillary reflexes were determined to be within the normal range. A slit-lamp biomicroscopydid not detect any anterior chamber alteration besides the filamentous tissue previously mentioned...(AU)

Prevalence of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Persian-related cats in Brazil

Abstract Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available in Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1 gene to determine ADPKD prevalence in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was used to amplify exon 29 of PKD1 gene employing a PCR-RFLP methodology. From a total of 616 animals, 27/537 Persian and 1/17 Himalayan cats showed the single-nucleotide variant (C to A) at position 3284 in exon 29 of feline PKD1. This pathogenic variation has been identified only in heterozygous state. The prevalence of ADPKD in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds was 5.03% and 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant association between feline breed, gender or age with ADPKD prevalence. Of note, the observed ADPKD prevalence in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds in Brazil was lower than the ones reported in other parts of the world. This finding may be related to genetic counseling and consequent selection of ADPKD-free cats for reproduction.

Resumo A doença renal policística autossômica dominante (DRPAD) é a doença genética mais comum em gatos. No entanto, poucos dados sobre sua prevalência estão disponíveis no Brasil. Gatos Persas e de raças relacionadas foram avaliados por genotipagem molecular para a transversão CA no exon 29 do gene PKD1 felino para determinar a prevalência de DRPAD. DNA genômico extraído de sangue total periférico ou amostras de swabs orais foram utilizados para amplificar o exon 29 do gene PKD1 pela técnica de PCR-RFLP. De um total de 616 gatos, 27/537 Persas e 1/17 Himalaia mostraram a variante de nucleotídeo único (CA) na posição 3284 no exon 29 do gene PKD1. Esta variante patogênica foi identificada apenas em heterozigose. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas foram de 5,03% e 1,6%, respectivamente. Não houve associações significativas entre raça, gênero ou idade dos felinos e incidência de DRPAD. A prevalência de DRPAD em gatos Persas e raças relacionadas no Brasil foi menor do que em outras partes do mundo, o que pode estar relacionado ao aconselhamento genético e consequente seleção de gatos sem ADPKD para reprodução.

Cryptococcosis in a cat

Background: Cryptococcosis is a mycosis that primarily affects domestic cats and is caused by fungi of the genus Cryptococcus, resulting in cutaneous, ocular, respiratory, and neurological manifestations. Diagnosis is based on the microscopicevaluation of the lesions and isolation of the causative agent. The aim of this study was to describe a case of feline cryptococcosis diagnosed by cytology and treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the State University of Santa Cruz (HV-UESC).Case: A 5-year-old uncastrated male cat was taken to the HV-UESC small animal clinic, owing to a gradual increase inthe volume of the nasal plane spanning over a year, accompanied by respiratory distress. Upon physical examination, theanimal was found to have regular nutritional status, dehydration, hypocorous mucosae, and enlarged popliteal lymph nodes.In addition, multifocal areas of ulceration on the body as well as increased volume in the nasal plane (clown nose) wereobserved. Peripheral blood samples were collected for complete blood count and biochemical analysis. Due to clinicalsuspicion of fungal lesions, fine needle aspiration of the nasal lesion was performed and cytological slides were sent tothe HV-UESC histopathology laboratory. Probable diagnoses included rhinosporidiosis, cryptococcosis, and histoplasmosis. The animal was subjected to thoracic radiography in the imaging division of the HV-UESC. Blood counts revealedthrombocytopenia (130,000/mm3) and biochemical tests presented hypoproteinemia (3.2 g/dL), with hypoalbuminemia(1.52 g/dL); however, chest radiography did not show pulmonary alterations. Results of cytological analysis indicatedpyogranulomatous inflammation associated with intracellular organisms, demonstrating a pathogen morphology similarto that of Cryptococcus spp. Before the diagnosis, itraconazole1 5 mg/kg (1 capsule, twice a day for 30 days) and fipronil2(1 ampoule 0.5 mL, on the back) were prescribed...

Cryptococcosis in a cat

Background: Cryptococcosis is a mycosis that primarily affects domestic cats and is caused by fungi of the genus Cryptococcus, resulting in cutaneous, ocular, respiratory, and neurological manifestations. Diagnosis is based on the microscopicevaluation of the lesions and isolation of the causative agent. The aim of this study was to describe a case of feline cryptococcosis diagnosed by cytology and treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the State University of Santa Cruz (HV-UESC).Case: A 5-year-old uncastrated male cat was taken to the HV-UESC small animal clinic, owing to a gradual increase inthe volume of the nasal plane spanning over a year, accompanied by respiratory distress. Upon physical examination, theanimal was found to have regular nutritional status, dehydration, hypocorous mucosae, and enlarged popliteal lymph nodes.In addition, multifocal areas of ulceration on the body as well as increased volume in the nasal plane (clown nose) wereobserved. Peripheral blood samples were collected for complete blood count and biochemical analysis. Due to clinicalsuspicion of fungal lesions, fine needle aspiration of the nasal lesion was performed and cytological slides were sent tothe HV-UESC histopathology laboratory. Probable diagnoses included rhinosporidiosis, cryptococcosis, and histoplasmosis. The animal was subjected to thoracic radiography in the imaging division of the HV-UESC. Blood counts revealedthrombocytopenia (130,000/mm3) and biochemical tests presented hypoproteinemia (3.2 g/dL), with hypoalbuminemia(1.52 g/dL); however, chest radiography did not show pulmonary alterations. Results of cytological analysis indicatedpyogranulomatous inflammation associated with intracellular organisms, demonstrating a pathogen morphology similarto that of Cryptococcus spp. Before the diagnosis, itraconazole1 5 mg/kg (1 capsule, twice a day for 30 days) and fipronil2(1 ampoule 0.5 mL, on the back) were prescribed...(AU)

Eficácia do oclacitinib no manejo da síndrome da atopia felinaˆipt / Efficacy of oclacitinib on feline atopic syndrome managementˆien

Background:The feline atopic syndrome (FAS) associated to environmental allergens is the third most common allergic dermatosis in domestic cats. In general, clinical signs are not pathognomonic and the exclusion of other pruritus causes is necessary to reach the diagnosis of FAS. The treatment is based on the use of drugs to control the pruritus, such as glucocorticoids, cyclosporine and, recently, oclacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor. This study aimed to report the efficacy of oclacitinib on the treatment of FAS associated to environmental allergens. Case:A 10-year-old female feline, crossbred, presented a history of pruritic dermatitis during ten months and diarrhea. The animal had been submitted to treatment for ectoparasites with pour-on selamectin and was fed with a commercial hypoallergenic diet in the last eight weeks or so. However, no improvement on the skin condition was observed. Physical examination revealed disseminated furfuraceous desquamation, excoriation and erythema on the right supraorbital region. Bilateral conjunctivitis was also observed. Complete blood cell count, biochemistry profile, urinalysis, immunochroma-thographic test for feline immunodeffiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV), fungic culture and abdominal ultrasonography were requested. The abnormalities observed were reduced urinary density and discrete loss of renal corticomedullary differentiation. Thus, based on physical examination and complementary exams, the animal was diag-nosis with FAS, since the main other causes of pruritus (hypersensitivity to ectoparasites and alimentary allergens) were excluded. The animal was also diagnosed with stage 1 chronic kidney disease. Therapy based on oclacitinib was instituted with an induction dose of 1 mg/kg twice daily for 14 days, followed by a maintenance dose of 1 mg/kg once daily. After 30 days of treatment, a satisfactory therapeutic response was observed, with complete remission of pruritus. The...(AU)

Seroprevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus in domestic cats of Fortaleza, Ceará / Soroprevalência do vírus da imunodeficiência felina e do vírus da leucemia felina em gatos domésticos de Fortaleza, Ceará

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) are important etiologic agents of immunosuppressive diseases in felines. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of these retroviruses in domestic cats in Fortaleza, Ceará and the epidemiological factors associated with these infections. Between 2015 and 2016, 138 blood samples were collected and tested for FIV and FeLV by the enzyme immunoadsorption assay (ELISA). Parameters such as breed, gender, age, reproductive status, multi-cat environment, outdoor access and clinical manifestations were evaluated. The results showed that 12.32% were positive for FIV, 5.80% for FeLV and 1.45% for co-infection (FIV/FeLV). FIV+ animals were mostly mixed breed, neutered male adult cats, with indoor lifestyle and living in a multi-cat household. The most common clinical manifestation observed was disorders of the oral cavity. Factors found to increase the risk for FeLV seropositivity include mixed breed, young, spayed female cats, indoor lifestyle living in a multi-cat household were the most common epidemiological factors observed. The most common clinical manifestation was anorexia and apathy. The prevalence of these viruses were relatively high, compared with other region of Brazil. This study demonstrated that mixed breed, castrated, multi-cat environment and indoor lifestyle animals are of greater relevance for FIV and FeLV infection diseases. Factors related to cat demographics and health such as age, sex and type of household are important predictors for seropositive status to FeLV or FIV in Fortaleza. High prevalence of FeLV or FIV observed in our study is of concern, in view of the immunosuppressive potential of the two pathogens.(AU)

O Vírus da Imunodeficiência Felina (FIV) e o Vírus da Leucemia Felina (FeLV) são importantes agentes etiológicos de doenças imunossupressoras em felinos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a prevalência desses retrovírus em gatos domésticos em Fortaleza, Ceará e os fatores epidemiológicos associados a essas infecções. Entre 2015 e 2016, foram coletadas 138 amostras de sangue e testadas para FIV e FeLV pelo ensaio de imunoadsorção enzimática (ELISA). Parâmetros como raça, gênero, idade, estado reprodutivo, ambiente com vários gatos, acesso ao ar livre e manifestações clínicas foram avaliados. Os resultados mostraram que 12,32% foram positivos para o FIV, 5,80% para o FeLV e 1,45% para a co-infecção (FIV/FeLV). Os animais FIV+ eram na sua maioria gatos machos castrados, adultos, de raça mista, com estilo de vida dentro de casa e vivendo em um ambiente com vários gatos. A manifestação clínica mais comum observada foi distúrbios da cavidade oral. Os fatores encontrados que aumentam o risco de soropositividade para FeLV incluem gatas fêmeas castradas, jovens, de raça mista, com estilo de vida dentro de casa e vivendo em um ambiente com vários gatos, foram os fatores epidemiológicos mais comuns observados. A manifestação clínica mais comum foi anorexia e apatia. A prevalência desses vírus foi relativamente alta em comparação com outras regiões do Brasil. Este estudo demonstrou que os animais de raça mista, castrados, vivendo em um ambiente com vários gatos e estilo de vida dentro de casa são de maior relevância para as doenças infecciosas por FIV e FeLV. Fatores relacionados à demografia e à saúde do gato, como idade, sexo e tipo de domicílio, são importantes preditores do estado soropositivo para FeLV ou FIV em Fortaleza. A alta prevalência de FeLV ou FIV observada em nosso estudo é preocupante, tendo em vista o potencial imunossupressor dos dois patógenos.(AU)

Sarcoma de sítio de aplicação em felinos / Feline injection-site sarcoma

Sarcomas de sítio de aplicação são neoplasias malignas de origem mesenquimal caracterizadas pelo comportamento biológico agressivo. Apesar da extensa pesquisa, a patogênese da doença ainda não está totalmente esclarecida, acredita-se que a administração de vacinas, medicamentos e outros injetáveis no tecido subcutâneo ou intramuscular em gatos predispostos, possa induzir uma reação inflamatória crônica e, posteriormente, a transformação neoplásica. O diagnóstico é realizado por meio da biópsia, porém deve ser feito avaliação da extensão do tumor primário, o estadiamento padrão e a avaliação geral da saúde desses pacientes. A abordagem terapêutica multimodal, associando a excisão cirúrgica radical à radioterapia, quimioterapia ou imunoterapia, tem demonstrado melhores resultados. A escolha do local de injeção, frequência de vacinação e recomendações para reduzir a reação inflamatória são considerações importantes para a prevenção. O objetivo desta revisão é fornecer uma visão geral do atual conhecimento sobre sarcoma de sítio de aplicação em felinos.

Injection-site sarcomas are malignant neoplasms whose mesenchymal origin is characterized by aggressive biological behavior, developing from various tissues, being fibrosarcoma the most common histological type in felines. Despite wide research, the pathogenesis of the disease is still not fully understood, the most accepted hypothesis suggests that administration of vaccines, medications and other injectables into the subcutaneous or intramuscular tissue of predisposed cats may induce a chronic inflammatory reaction and, subsequently, neoplastic transformation. Related to epidemiology, it presents low prevalence and high rates of regress even after aggressive treatments. The diagnosis is performed through biopsy and histopathological examination, assessmentof the extent of the primary tumor, the standard staging and general evaluation of the health of these patients. The multimodal therapeutic approach, associating radical surgical excision with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or immunotherapy, has shown better results. Choosing the injection site, frequency of vaccination and recommendations to reduce the inflammatory reaction are important considerations for prevention. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on feline application site sarcoma.

Seroprevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus in domestic cats of Fortaleza, Ceará / Soroprevalência do vírus da imunodeficiência felina e do vírus da leucemia felina em gatos domésticos de Fortaleza, Ceará

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) are important etiologic agents of immunosuppressive diseases in felines. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of these retroviruses in domestic cats in Fortaleza, Ceará and the epidemiological factors associated with these infections. Between 2015 and 2016, 138 blood samples were collected and tested for FIV and FeLV by the enzyme immunoadsorption assay (ELISA). Parameters such as breed, gender, age, reproductive status, multi-cat environment, outdoor access and clinical manifestations were evaluated. The results showed that 12.32% were positive for FIV, 5.80% for FeLV and 1.45% for co-infection (FIV/FeLV). FIV+ animals were mostly mixed breed, neutered male adult cats, with indoor lifestyle and living in a multi-cat household. The most common clinical manifestation observed was disorders of the oral cavity. Factors found to increase the risk for FeLV seropositivity include mixed breed, young, spayed female cats, indoor lifestyle living in a multi-cat household were the most common epidemiological factors observed. The most common clinical manifestation was anorexia and apathy. The prevalence of these viruses were relatively high, compared with other region of Brazil. This study demonstrated that mixed breed, castrated, multi-cat environment and indoor lifestyle animals are of greater relevance for FIV and FeLV infection diseases. Factors related to cat demographics and health such as age, sex and type of household are important predictors for seropositive status to FeLV or FIV in Fortaleza. High prevalence of FeLV or FIV observed in our study is of concern, in view of the immunosuppressive potential of the two pathogens.(AU)

O Vírus da Imunodeficiência Felina (FIV) e o Vírus da Leucemia Felina (FeLV) são importantes agentes etiológicos de doenças imunossupressoras em felinos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a prevalência desses retrovírus em gatos domésticos em Fortaleza, Ceará e os fatores epidemiológicos associados a essas infecções. Entre 2015 e 2016, foram coletadas 138 amostras de sangue e testadas para FIV e FeLV pelo ensaio de imunoadsorção enzimática (ELISA). Parâmetros como raça, gênero, idade, estado reprodutivo, ambiente com vários gatos, acesso ao ar livre e manifestações clínicas foram avaliados. Os resultados mostraram que 12,32% foram positivos para o FIV, 5,80% para o FeLV e 1,45% para a co-infecção (FIV/FeLV). Os animais FIV+ eram na sua maioria gatos machos castrados, adultos, de raça mista, com estilo de vida dentro de casa e vivendo em um ambiente com vários gatos. A manifestação clínica mais comum observada foi distúrbios da cavidade oral. Os fatores encontrados que aumentam o risco de soropositividade para FeLV incluem gatas fêmeas castradas, jovens, de raça mista, com estilo de vida dentro de casa e vivendo em um ambiente com vários gatos, foram os fatores epidemiológicos mais comuns observados. A manifestação clínica mais comum foi anorexia e apatia. A prevalência desses vírus foi relativamente alta em comparação com outras regiões do Brasil. Este estudo demonstrou que os animais de raça mista, castrados, vivendo em um ambiente com vários gatos e estilo de vida dentro de casa são de maior relevância para as doenças infecciosas por FIV e FeLV. Fatores relacionados à demografia e à saúde do gato, como idade, sexo e tipo de domicílio, são importantes preditores do estado soropositivo para FeLV ou FIV em Fortaleza. A alta prevalência de FeLV ou FIV observada em nosso estudo é preocupante, tendo em vista o potencial imunossupressor dos dois patógenos.(AU)

Eficácia do oclacitinib no manejo da síndrome da atopia felinaˆipt / Efficacy of oclacitinib on feline atopic syndrome managementˆien

Background:The feline atopic syndrome (FAS) associated to environmental allergens is the third most common allergic dermatosis in domestic cats. In general, clinical signs are not pathognomonic and the exclusion of other pruritus causes is necessary to reach the diagnosis of FAS. The treatment is based on the use of drugs to control the pruritus, such as glucocorticoids, cyclosporine and, recently, oclacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor. This study aimed to report the efficacy of oclacitinib on the treatment of FAS associated to environmental allergens. Case:A 10-year-old female feline, crossbred, presented a history of pruritic dermatitis during ten months and diarrhea. The animal had been submitted to treatment for ectoparasites with pour-on selamectin and was fed with a commercial hypoallergenic diet in the last eight weeks or so. However, no improvement on the skin condition was observed. Physical examination revealed disseminated furfuraceous desquamation, excoriation and erythema on the right supraorbital region. Bilateral conjunctivitis was also observed. Complete blood cell count, biochemistry profile, urinalysis, immunochroma-thographic test for feline immunodeffiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV), fungic culture and abdominal ultrasonography were requested. The abnormalities observed were reduced urinary density and discrete loss of renal corticomedullary differentiation. Thus, based on physical examination and complementary exams, the animal was diag-nosis with FAS, since the main other causes of pruritus (hypersensitivity to ectoparasites and alimentary allergens) were excluded. The animal was also diagnosed with stage 1 chronic kidney disease. Therapy based on oclacitinib was instituted with an induction dose of 1 mg/kg twice daily for 14 days, followed by a maintenance dose of 1 mg/kg once daily. After 30 days of treatment, a satisfactory therapeutic response was observed, with complete remission of pruritus. The...

Sarcoma de sítio de aplicação em felinos / Feline injection-site sarcoma

Sarcomas de sítio de aplicação são neoplasias malignas de origem mesenquimal caracterizadas pelo comportamento biológico agressivo. Apesar da extensa pesquisa, a patogênese da doença ainda não está totalmente esclarecida, acredita-se que a administração de vacinas, medicamentos e outros injetáveis no tecido subcutâneo ou intramuscular em gatos predispostos, possa induzir uma reação inflamatória crônica e, posteriormente, a transformação neoplásica. O diagnóstico é realizado por meio da biópsia, porém deve ser feito avaliação da extensão do tumor primário, o estadiamento padrão e a avaliação geral da saúde desses pacientes. A abordagem terapêutica multimodal, associando a excisão cirúrgica radical à radioterapia, quimioterapia ou imunoterapia, tem demonstrado melhores resultados. A escolha do local de injeção, frequência de vacinação e recomendações para reduzir a reação inflamatória são considerações importantes para a prevenção. O objetivo desta revisão é fornecer uma visão geral do atual conhecimento sobre sarcoma de sítio de aplicação em felinos.(AU)

Injection-site sarcomas are malignant neoplasms whose mesenchymal origin is characterized by aggressive biological behavior, developing from various tissues, being fibrosarcoma the most common histological type in felines. Despite wide research, the pathogenesis of the disease is still not fully understood, the most accepted hypothesis suggests that administration of vaccines, medications and other injectables into the subcutaneous or intramuscular tissue of predisposed cats may induce a chronic inflammatory reaction and, subsequently, neoplastic transformation. Related to epidemiology, it presents low prevalence and high rates of regress even after aggressive treatments. The diagnosis is performed through biopsy and histopathological examination, assessmentof the extent of the primary tumor, the standard staging and general evaluation of the health of these patients. The multimodal therapeutic approach, associating radical surgical excision with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or immunotherapy, has shown better results. Choosing the injection site, frequency of vaccination and recommendations to reduce the inflammatory reaction are important considerations for prevention. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on feline application site sarcoma.(AU)

Serological and molecular investigation of Leishmania spp. infection in cats from an area endemic for canine and human leishmaniasis in Northeast Brazil / Investigação sorológica e molecular da infecção por Leishmania spp. em gatos provenientes de uma área endêmica para leishmaniose canina e humana no nordeste brasileiro

The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Leishmania spp. antibodies, and its association with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV), in domestic cats from an area endemic for canine and human leishmaniasis in Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Ninety-one cats were subjected to a complete clinical exam, and blood samples were collected. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to investigate the risk factors. IgG anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies were detected by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), with a cut-off value of 1:40. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect genetic material of Leishmania spp. in the blood samples. The presence of antibodies against FIV and antigens of FeLV was evaluated using an immunochromatographic test. Seropositivity for Leishmania spp., FIV, and FeLV was observed in 14/91 (15.38%), 26/91 (28.57%), and 3/91 (3.29%) cats, respectively. All samples gave negative results on PCR analysis. Based on these data, no significant statistical association was observed between seropositivity for Leishmania spp., and sex, age, presence of clinical signs, evaluated risk factors, and positivity for retroviruses. These findings demonstrated for the first time that cats from Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, are being exposed to this zoonosis and might be part of the epidemiological chain of transmission of visceral leishmaniasis.(AU)

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a ocorrência de anticorpos contra Leishmania spp., e sua associação com o vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e o vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV), em felinos domésticos provenientes de uma área endêmica no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, para a leishmaniose visceral canina e humana. Noventa e um gatos foram submetidos a exame clínico completo e amostras de sangue foram coletadas. Um questionário epidemiológico foi feito para investigar fatores de risco. Anticorpos IgG anti-Leishmania spp. foram identificados por meio da imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), adotando-se como ponto de corte a diluição de 1:40. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foi executada visando detectar o material genético de Leishmania spp. a partir de amostras de sangue total. Para avaliar a presença de anticorpos contra o FIV e antígenos do FeLV foi utilizado um teste imunocromatográfico. Observou-se soropositividade em 14/91 (15,38%), 26/91 (28,57%) e 3/91 (3,29%) animais para Leishmania spp., FIV e FeLV, respectivamente. Nenhuma amostra foi positiva na PCR. Baseado nestes dados, não foi observada nenhuma associação estatística significativa entre a soropositividade para Leishmania spp. e gênero, idade, presença de sinais clínicos, fatores de risco avaliados e positividade para as retroviroses. Esses achados demonstram pela primeira vez que felinos da cidade Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, estão sendo expostos a esta zoonose, sugerindo que os mesmos podem estar participando da cadeia epidemiológica de transmissão da leishmaniose visceral.(AU)

Feline idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Background: Feline idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an irreversible disease that is rarely reported in veterinary clinicalroutine, with this case as the second reported in Brazil. This study aimed to describe a case of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosisin a domestic cat.Case: A 10-year-old female cat with a history of respiratory distress was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the StateUniversity of Santa Cruz (HV-UESC). The first signs were observed three months before clinical care, characterized mainlyby dyspnea that was more pronounced during nighttime. There was no history of previous illnesses or prior drug use. Thecat lived with two other domiciled cats, did not have access to the street, and had restricted access to the terrace of thebuilding, from where other animals could have possibly entered. Physical examination showed a poor body condition witha temperature of 37°C and dehydration estimated at 9%.The animal was observed to remain in an orthopedic position, withtachypnea (109 mvm), wheezing through the mouth, and severe expiratory dyspnea. Pulmonary auscultation detected finediscontinuous adventitious noises. There were no changes in the cardiac function in terms of rhythm, frequency, or auscultation. Oxygen therapy and slow administration of 0.9% NaCl solution were performed; moreover, blood was collectedfor complete blood count, in which no abnormalities were observed. Thoracic radiography was performed on the cat, andthe results showed a mixed pulmonary pattern characterized by bronchiectasis, thickening of the bronchiolar wall, and anunstructured interstitial pattern throughout the pulmonary area. Shortly after the beginning of the clinical care, the animaldied due to respiratory arrest and was necropsied. The main macroscopic finding was pulmonary edema. Lung sampleswere subjected to microscopic evaluation, which revealed extensive multifocal areas of alveolar...

Feline idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Background: Feline idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an irreversible disease that is rarely reported in veterinary clinicalroutine, with this case as the second reported in Brazil. This study aimed to describe a case of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosisin a domestic cat.Case: A 10-year-old female cat with a history of respiratory distress was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the StateUniversity of Santa Cruz (HV-UESC). The first signs were observed three months before clinical care, characterized mainlyby dyspnea that was more pronounced during nighttime. There was no history of previous illnesses or prior drug use. Thecat lived with two other domiciled cats, did not have access to the street, and had restricted access to the terrace of thebuilding, from where other animals could have possibly entered. Physical examination showed a poor body condition witha temperature of 37°C and dehydration estimated at 9%.The animal was observed to remain in an orthopedic position, withtachypnea (109 mvm), wheezing through the mouth, and severe expiratory dyspnea. Pulmonary auscultation detected finediscontinuous adventitious noises. There were no changes in the cardiac function in terms of rhythm, frequency, or auscultation. Oxygen therapy and slow administration of 0.9% NaCl solution were performed; moreover, blood was collectedfor complete blood count, in which no abnormalities were observed. Thoracic radiography was performed on the cat, andthe results showed a mixed pulmonary pattern characterized by bronchiectasis, thickening of the bronchiolar wall, and anunstructured interstitial pattern throughout the pulmonary area. Shortly after the beginning of the clinical care, the animaldied due to respiratory arrest and was necropsied. The main macroscopic finding was pulmonary edema. Lung sampleswere subjected to microscopic evaluation, which revealed extensive multifocal areas of alveolar...(AU)