Estudo retrospectivo e comparativo da prevalência de Giardia sp. em cães, gatos e pequenos ruminantes em áreas endêmicas em diferentes estados brasileiros / Retrospective and comparative study of Giardia sp. prevalence in dogs, cats, and small ruminants in endemic areas in different Brazilian states

Background: Giardia, an intestinal parasite of asexual reproduction, is an important etiologic agent of diarrhea in animals andhumans, transmitted by orofecal route. The disease caused by this agent, giardiasis, is endemic in the world and representingan important public health problem. The aim of the present study was do a retrospective study to determine the prevalence ofGiardia sp. in fecal samples from dogs, cats, sheep and goats (small ruminants) evaluated at FMVZ Unesp, Botucatu, SP. Inaddition, this study presents a review of the literature on the prevalence of this protozoan in dogs, cats and small ruminants indifferent states of Brazil, according to the environmental of these animals.Materials, Methods & Results: During 2011 to 2017, 2,698 fecal samples of dogs, 359 fecal samples of cats and 320 fecalsamples of goats and sheep were analyzed. A total of 18.9% of the dogs, 24.8% of the cats, and 6.6% of the goats and sheep werepositive for Giardia sp. Only previous studies that used the zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation (Faust technique) were includedfor comparation of prevalence. The prevalence of Giardia sp. in samples of centrifugation-fluctuation in zinc sulfate was similarin dogs, higher in cats and lower for small ruminants when compared to previous investigations. 4.4% and 6.7% of the positivesamples from dogs and cats, respectively, were associated with some co-infection. Co-infections by Cystoisospora spp., Ancylostoma spp. and/ or Toxocara spp. were the most common for dogs and cats.Discussion: This study reveals the presence of Giardia sp. in different animal species...

Estudo retrospectivo e comparativo da prevalência de Giardia sp. em cães, gatos e pequenos ruminantes em áreas endêmicas em diferentes estados brasileiros / Retrospective and comparative study of Giardia sp. prevalence in dogs, cats, and small ruminants in endemic areas in different Brazilian states

Background: Giardia, an intestinal parasite of asexual reproduction, is an important etiologic agent of diarrhea in animals andhumans, transmitted by orofecal route. The disease caused by this agent, giardiasis, is endemic in the world and representingan important public health problem. The aim of the present study was do a retrospective study to determine the prevalence ofGiardia sp. in fecal samples from dogs, cats, sheep and goats (small ruminants) evaluated at FMVZ Unesp, Botucatu, SP. Inaddition, this study presents a review of the literature on the prevalence of this protozoan in dogs, cats and small ruminants indifferent states of Brazil, according to the environmental of these animals.Materials, Methods & Results: During 2011 to 2017, 2,698 fecal samples of dogs, 359 fecal samples of cats and 320 fecalsamples of goats and sheep were analyzed. A total of 18.9% of the dogs, 24.8% of the cats, and 6.6% of the goats and sheep werepositive for Giardia sp. Only previous studies that used the zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation (Faust technique) were includedfor comparation of prevalence. The prevalence of Giardia sp. in samples of centrifugation-fluctuation in zinc sulfate was similarin dogs, higher in cats and lower for small ruminants when compared to previous investigations. 4.4% and 6.7% of the positivesamples from dogs and cats, respectively, were associated with some co-infection. Co-infections by Cystoisospora spp., Ancylostoma spp. and/ or Toxocara spp. were the most common for dogs and cats.Discussion: This study reveals the presence of Giardia sp. in different animal species...(AU)

Brucellosis outbreak in a commercial kennel: a case report / Surto de brucelose em canil comercial: relato de caso

Brucella canis is a facultative intracellular bacterium responsible for brucellosis in dogs, a chronic and zoonotic infectious disease endemic in Brazil, which promotes reproductive failure and involvement of the lymphoid and articular systems. The infection has been commonly described in breeding kennels, being difficult to treat and control. This study reports an outbreak of brucellosis in a commercial kennel in Guarulhos, SP, Brazil, comprised of 32 dogs (four males and 28 females) from five different breeds, where episodes of abortion had been happening since October 2015. Brucellosis was considered a potential cause of reproductive impairment only a year and a half after the first episode. Anamnesis, clinical examination and serological and bacteriological tests were conducted in all dogs. Of the 32 dogs, 28 had at least one clinical sign compatible with brucellosis, with increased lymph node volume and abortion being the most frequently observed signs. Twenty-six dogs had positive results in at least one of the laboratory tests used for the diagnosis, indicating the infections prevalence to be 81.25% in the kennel. Regarding microbiological diagnosis, B. canis was isolated in blood samples of 22 dogs, in vaginal swabs of nine females and in semen or preputial swabs of two males. Twenty-three dogs had positive results in the serological test.

A Brucella canis é uma bactéria intracelular facultativa responsável pela brucelose nos cães, uma doença infectocontagiosa de caráter crônico e zoonótico, endêmica no Brasil e associada a problemas reprodutivos e comprometimento dos sistemas linfoide e articular. A infecção é comumente descrita em canis de reprodutores, sendo de difícil tratamento e controle. Este trabalho relata um surto de brucelose em um canil comercial localizado em Guarulhos (São Paulo), composto por 32 cães (4 machos e 28 fêmeas) de 5 raças distintas, no qual episódios de abortamento foram relatados desde outubro de 2015. A suspeita de brucelose foi aventada apenas um ano e meio após a ocorrência do primeiro episódio de abortamento, sendo realizados anamnese, exames clínicos e diagnósticos sorológico e bacteriológico em todos os cães do plantel. Dos 32 cães, 28 apresentaram pelo menos um sinal clínico compatível com brucelose, sendo o aumento de linfonodos e o abortamento os sinais mais frequentemente observados. Vinte e seis animais apresentaram resultado positivo em pelo menos um dos testes laboratoriais usados para o diagnóstico, indicando prevalência de 81,25% na criação. No diagnóstico microbiológico, houve isolamento de B. canis em amostras de sangue de 22 cães, em amostras de swab vaginal de 9 fêmeas e em sêmen ou swab prepucial de 2 machos.

Brucellosis outbreak in a commercial kennel: a case report / Surto de brucelose em canil comercial: relato de caso

Brucella canis is a facultative intracellular bacterium responsible for brucellosis in dogs, a chronic and zoonotic infectious disease endemic in Brazil, which promotes reproductive failure and involvement of the lymphoid and articular systems. The infection has been commonly described in breeding kennels, being difficult to treat and control. This study reports an outbreak of brucellosis in a commercial kennel in Guarulhos, SP, Brazil, comprised of 32 dogs (four males and 28 females) from five different breeds, where episodes of abortion had been happening since October 2015. Brucellosis was considered a potential cause of reproductive impairment only a year and a half after the first episode. Anamnesis, clinical examination and serological and bacteriological tests were conducted in all dogs. Of the 32 dogs, 28 had at least one clinical sign compatible with brucellosis, with increased lymph node volume and abortion being the most frequently observed signs. Twenty-six dogs had positive results in at least one of the laboratory tests used for the diagnosis, indicating the infections prevalence to be 81.25% in the kennel. Regarding microbiological diagnosis, B. canis was isolated in blood samples of 22 dogs, in vaginal swabs of nine females and in semen or preputial swabs of two males. Twenty-three dogs had positive results in the serological test.(AU)

A Brucella canis é uma bactéria intracelular facultativa responsável pela brucelose nos cães, uma doença infectocontagiosa de caráter crônico e zoonótico, endêmica no Brasil e associada a problemas reprodutivos e comprometimento dos sistemas linfoide e articular. A infecção é comumente descrita em canis de reprodutores, sendo de difícil tratamento e controle. Este trabalho relata um surto de brucelose em um canil comercial localizado em Guarulhos (São Paulo), composto por 32 cães (4 machos e 28 fêmeas) de 5 raças distintas, no qual episódios de abortamento foram relatados desde outubro de 2015. A suspeita de brucelose foi aventada apenas um ano e meio após a ocorrência do primeiro episódio de abortamento, sendo realizados anamnese, exames clínicos e diagnósticos sorológico e bacteriológico em todos os cães do plantel. Dos 32 cães, 28 apresentaram pelo menos um sinal clínico compatível com brucelose, sendo o aumento de linfonodos e o abortamento os sinais mais frequentemente observados. Vinte e seis animais apresentaram resultado positivo em pelo menos um dos testes laboratoriais usados para o diagnóstico, indicando prevalência de 81,25% na criação. No diagnóstico microbiológico, houve isolamento de B. canis em amostras de sangue de 22 cães, em amostras de swab vaginal de 9 fêmeas e em sêmen ou swab prepucial de 2 machos.(AU)

Estudo do destino dos cães no canil municipal de Botucatu antes e após a Lei nº 12916 que dispõe sobre o controle da reprodução de cães / Study of the destination of dogs in the municipal kennel of Botucatu before and after the Law n° 12916 which establishes the control of dog reproduction / Estudio del destino de los perros en la perrera municipal de Botucatu antes y después de la Ley n° 12916 que establece el control de reproducción canina

Apesar do recolhimento de cães em via pública, domicílios ou do acolhimento pelos Centros de Controle de Zoonoses ser uma prática adotada que não controla a população canina, é uma atividade considerada medida primária e complementar de controle de zoonoses. O excedente populacional canino, além de sua importância na cadeia de transmissão de diversas doenças, representa também problemas em decorrência das agressões, acidentes de trânsito e impactos ambientais. Considerando a falta de informações sobre a dinâmica do destino de cães em canis após a Lei Estadual número 12.916/08 (dispõe sobre o controle da reprodução de cães e dá providências correlatas), o presente trabalho objetivou analisar o destino dos cães recolhidos pela Prefeitura Municipal de Botucatu e transportados ao Canil Municipal e também os doados pela população, comparativamente antes e depois da implementação da Lei. Foram analisadas 4038 fichas de entrada de cães do Canil, as quais foram armazenadas no banco de dados gerados pela planilha EXCEL e analisados por meio de Censo. Antes da Lei, eram eutanasiados 2193 (70%) cães e após, 639 (69%), percentualmente os valores são similares, entretanto, há uma diferença de 1557 cães eutanasiados. Esta diferença pode ser explicada pelos cuidados médicos veterinários oferecidos aos cães recolhidos, após a Lei, para posterior adoção, uma vez que antes a única medida adotada era a eutanásia. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a Lei impôs mudanças nos procedimentos no Canil, principalmente a diminuição do número de eutanásias realizadas, consequentemente aumentou a permanência desses animais. Também os motivos predominantes para o recolhimento dos cães.

Despite the gathering of dogs on public streets, homes and by the Centers for Zoonoses Control is a practice adopted that does not control the dog population, it is an activity considered as primary and supplementary of the zoonoses control. The canine surplus population, besides the important role in the chain of transmission of various diseases, is also due to problems of aggressions, traffic accidents and environmental impacts. Considering the lack of information on the dynamics destination of dogs in kennels after the State Law number 12.916/08 (provides for the control of dog reproduction and gives related provisions), the present study aimed to analyze the destination of dogs gathered by the Municipality Botucatu and transported to the Municipal Kennel and also donated by the population comparison before and after the implementation of the Law. Were analyzed 4038 input records of the dogs of the kennel, which were stored in the database generated by EXCEL spreadsheet and analyzed through Census. Before the Law, were euthanized 2193 (70%) and after 639 dogs (69%), percentage terms values are similar, however, there is a difference of 1557 dogs euthanized. This difference can be explained by the veterinary medical care offered to dogs gathered after the Law, for subsequent adoption. Since before the only measure taken was euthanasia. The results concluded that the law imposes considerable changes in behaviors and procedures performed in the kennel, especially the decrease in the number of euthanized dogs and the adoption of more selective criteria for the gathering of dogs on public roads.

A pesar de la recogida de perros en las calles, domicilios y la acogida por el Centro de Control de Zoonosis no ser una práctica adoptada para controlar la población de perros, es una actividad que se considera medida primaria y complementaria para controlar las zoonosis. El exceso de población canina, y su importancia en la cadena transmisión de diversas enfermedades también representa problemas como consecuencia de las agresiones, accidentes de tránsito e impactos ambientales. Teniendo en cuenta la falta de información sobre la dinámica del destino de los perros en las perreras después de la Ley del Estado número 12.916/08 (que dispone sobre control de reproducción canina y disposiciones conexas), el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el destino de los perros de la Intendencia Municipal de Botucatu y transportados a la perrera Municipal, y también los donados por la población en comparación anterior y posterior a la implementación de la ley. Fueron analizadas 4038 fichas de entrada de perros en la perrera, las cuales se almacenaron en la base de datos generada en EXCEL y analizadas mediante Censo. Antes de la ley, fueron sacrificados 2193 (70%) perros y después de la ley, 639 (69%); los valores porcentuales son similares, sin embargo, hay una diferencia de 1.557 perros eutanasiados. Esta diferencia se explica por la atención médica veterinaria que se ofrece a los perros recogidos después de la ley para su posterior adopción, una vez que antes la única medida tomada era la eutanasia. Los resultados concluyeron que la ley impuso cambios en los procedimientos en la perrera, principalmente para reducir el número de perros eutanasiados, como consecuencia, se incrementó la permanencia de estos animales. También las razones predominantes para la recogida de los perros de las calles son los que tenían algún tipo de riesgo para la población.