The Effects of Adding Juniper Berry in Broiler Diets on Performance, Parameters of Serum, Carcass, Histopathology and Jejunum Villi Lengths

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of adding fruit of juniper berry (Juniperus communis) on performance, some carcass characteristics, serum parameters, histopathological features and jejunum villi lengths in broiler diets. A total of 150 male chicks were used in the study. The chicks were housed for 42 days. One of the experimental groups was a control group, and the diets of the 4 treatment groups included 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% dried natural juniper berries, respectively. Addition of fruit of juniper berry to the diets had positive effects on body weight, average daily weight gain, feed conversion rate and slaughter weight, feed intake, hot carcass yield and serum calcium and phosphorus levels. Juniper berry addition in the diets also increased the length of the jejunum villi. As a result, it can be recommended to add up to 1% of juniper berry in broiler diet.(AU)

Reproductive biology aspects of Alopias pelagicus and A. superciliosus (Lamniformes: Alopiidae) in the Ecuadorian Pacific

ABSTRACT The reproductive biology of thresher shark species of the Ecuadorian Pacific was analysed based on 1236 specimens of Alopias pelagicus (711 females and 525 males) and 354 of A. superciliosus (164 females and 190 males) landed in Playita Mía, from January to December of 2019. The length of A. pelagicus females ranged between 67.2 and 184 cm PCL (precaudal length) and the males between 69.0 and 178.4 cm PCL, A. superciliosus registered a minimum and maximum size of 76.0 and 202.2 cm PCL for females and 94.0 and 204.8 cm PCL for males. The most frequently captured size class for A. pelagicus was 147.2157.2 cm PCL and for A. superciliosus was 156.0-166.0 cm PCL. The sex ratio (F:M) for A. pelagicus and A. superciliosus was 1.35F:1M and 0.86F:1M respectively. For A. pelagicus males the inflection point of the clasper length adjustment, was 134.2 cm PCL and size at first sexual maturity (L 50 ) was estimated at 136.0 cm PCL. For A. superciliosus males the inflection point of the clasper length adjustment, was 136.8 cm PCL, and the first sexual maturity (L 50 ) was estimated at 138.7 cm PCL.

RESUMO A biologia reprodutiva de espécies de tubarão debulhador do Pacífico Equador foi analisada com base em 1236 exemplares de Alopias pelagicus (711 fêmeas e 525 machos) e 354 de A. superciliosus (164 fêmeas e 190 machos) desembarcados em Playita Mía, entre janeiro e dezembro de 2019. O comprimento das fêmeas de A. pelagicus variou entre 67,2 e 184 cm PCL (comprimento pré-corte) e os machos entre 69,0 e 178,4 cm PCL, A. superciliosus registrou um tamanho mínimo e máximo de 76,0 e 202,2 cm PCL para as fêmeas e 94,0 e 204,8 cm PCL para machos. A classe de tamanho mais frequentemente capturada para A. pelagicus foi 147,2157,2 cm PCL e para A. superciliosus foi 156,0-166,0 cm PCL. A proporção sexual (F:M) para A. pelagicus e A. superciliosus foi de 1,35F:1M e 0,86F:1M, respectivamente. Para machos de A. pelagicus, o ponto de inflexão do ajuste do comprimento do grampo foi de 134,2 cm PCL e o tamanho na primeira maturidade sexual (L 50 ) foi estimado em 136,0 cm PCL. Para machos de A. superciliosus o ponto de inflexão do ajuste do comprimento do grampo foi de 136,8 cm PCL, e a primeira maturidade sexual (L 50 ) foi estimada em 138,7 cm PCL.