Linfoma com manifestações periorbitais em um cão da raça fox americano: relato de caso / Lymphoma with periorbital manifestations in an american fox dog: case report / Linfoma con manifestaciones periorbitarias en un perro zorro americano: reporte de caso

Caracterizado como uma neoplasia maligna, o linfoma avança inicialmente em tecidos linfoides, mas pode apresentar-se em tecidos distintos. Os cães em comparação as outras espécies, tendem a manifestar o linfoma de maneira mais agressiva, independente do seu local de expressão. O presente trabalho objetivou descrever um caso de um cão da raça Fox Americano que apresentou aumento de volume da região periorbital e terceira pálpebra, sendo diagnosticado com linfoma, após exames ultrassonográfico e histopatológico. Após o diagnóstico definitivo de linfoma, iniciou-se o tratamento quimioterápico que teve duração de 19 semanas. Ao término do protocolo, o paciente apresentou remissão completa das manifestações oftálmicas, porém, foi orientado o acompanhamento mensal, e durante 3 meses consecutivos nas avalições o paciente não apresentou nenhuma alteração clínica. Conclui-se que quadros de linfoma podem apresentar manifestações que acometam a região periorbital, sendo de suma importância a avaliação clínica e realização de exames complementares para exclusão de outras doenças oftálmicas, e adoção de medidas terapêuticas efetivas.(AU)

Characterized as a malignant neoplasm, lymphoma advances initially in lymphoid tissues, but can present itself in different tissues. Dogs, in comparison to other species, tend to manifest lymphoma in a more aggressive way, regardless of their place of expression. The present study aimed to describe a case of a dog of the Fox American breed that presented an increase in the volume of the periorbital region and third eyelid, being diagnosed with lymphoma, after ultrasound and histopathological exams. After the definitive diagnosis of lymphoma, chemotherapy treatment was started, which lasted 19 weeks. At the end of the protocol, the patient showed complete remission of the ophthalmic manifestations, however, monthly follow-up was advised, and for three consecutive months in the evaluations, the patient did not present any clinical changes. It is concluded that lymphoma pictures can present manifestations that affect the periorbital region, being extremely important the clinical evaluation and accomplishment of complementary exams for exclusion of other ophthalmic diseases, and adoption of effective therapeutic measures.(AU)

Caracterizado como una neoplasia maligna, el linfoma avanza inicialmente en los tejidos linfoides, pero puede presentarse en diferentes tejidos. Los perros, en comparación con otras especies, tienden a manifestar el linfoma de forma más agresiva, independientemente de su lugar de expresión. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo describir un caso de un perro de la raza Fox American que presentó aumento de volumen de la región periorbitaria y tercer párpado, siendo diagnosticado de linfoma, luego de exámenes ecográficos e histopatológicos. Tras el diagnóstico definitivo de linfoma se inició tratamiento de quimioterapia, que duró 19 semanas. Al final del protocolo, el paciente presentó remisión completa de las manifestaciones oftálmicas, sin embargo, se recomendó un seguimiento mensual y durante 3 meses consecutivos en las evaluaciones, el paciente no presentó cambios clínicos. Se concluye que los cuadros de linfoma pueden presentar manifestaciones que afecten a la región periorbitaria, siendo de suma importancia la evaluación clínica y la realización de exámenes complementarios para la exclusión de otras enfermedades oftálmicas y la adopción de medidas terapéuticas efectivas.(AU)

Innate immunity gene expression profiles in conjunctival membrane biopsies from Amazonian buffalo / Perfis de expressão de genes da imunidade inata em biopsias de membrana conjuntival de búfalos da Amazônia

Domestic buffalo production plays an economically important role in the Brazilian Amazon, but they are susceptible to many diseases favored by the tropical climate and annually flooded habitats, including ocular diseases. In this context, it is important to select genotypes that maximize innate ocular immunity in Amazonian herds. We aimed to characterise, for the first time, gene expression profiles of the innate immune system in the conjunctival membrane of buffalo. Ocular conjunctival tissue samples were collected from 60 clinically healthy slaughtered animals in the northern Brazilian state of Amapá. The samples were histologically processed for classification into three groups according to the quantitative degree of lymphoid tissue associated with the conjunctiva (discrete, G1; slight, G2; and moderate, G3 presence of lymphoid tissue). RT-PCR was used to quantify gene expression of inflammatory cytokine (IL6, IL10, TNFA, IFNG), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and Defensin beta 110 (DEFB110), relative to the endogenous GAPDH gene. G1 animals presented low expression for IL6, IL10, TNFA, and DEFB110, while G2 exhibited high expression for IL6, IL10, IFNG, and TLR4. All G3 animals showed high expression for all tested genes. These results suggest a greater resistance to pathogenic microorganisms of buffalos in the G3 group, and the proportion of lymphoid tissue associated with the conjunctiva may be related to the immune resistance of individuals.(AU)

A produção de búfalos domésticos desempenha um papel economicamente importante na Amazônia brasileira, mas eles são suscetíveis a muitas doenças favorecidas pelo clima tropical e habitats inundados anualmente, incluindo doenças oculares. Nesse contexto, é importante selecionar genótipos que maximizem a imunidade ocular inata em rebanhos amazônicos. Objetivamos caracterizar, pela primeira vez, perfis de expressão gênica do sistema imune inato na membrana conjuntival de búfalos. Amostras de tecido conjuntival ocular foram coletadas de 60 animais clinicamente saudáveis abatidos no estado do Amapá, norte do Brasil. As amostras foram processadas histologicamente para classificação em três grupos de acordo com o grau quantitativo de tecido linfoide associado à conjuntiva (discreta, G1; leve, G2; e moderada, G3 presença de tecido linfoide). RT-PCR foi utilizado para quantificar a expressão gênica de citocinas inflamatórias (IL6, IL10, TNFA, IFNG), receptor Toll-like 4 (TLR4) e Defensina beta 110 (DEFB110), em relação ao gene GAPDH endógeno. Os animais do G1 apresentaram baixa expressão para IL6, IL10, TNFA e DEFB110, enquanto G2 exibiu alta expressão para IL6, IL10, IFNG e TLR4. Todos os animais do G3 apresentaram alta expressão para todos os genes testados. Esses resultados sugerem maior resistência aos microrganismos patogênicos dos búfalos do grupo G3, e a proporção de tecido linfoide associado à conjuntiva pode estar relacionada à resistência imunológica dos indivíduos.(AU)

Análises anatomopatológica e imuno- histoquímica do baço e linfonodo de cães soropositivos para leishmaniose em testes sorológicos / Anatomomopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of the spleen and lymph node of dogs seropositives for leishmaniasis in serological tests

A leishmaniose canina (CanL) é uma zoonose causada pelo protozoário da espécie Leishmania infantum. O baço e os linfonodos sofrem alterações morfológicas durante o CanL. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar um estudo anatomopatológico e imuno-histoquímico desses órgãos em cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes de Imunoensaio Cromatográfico “Dual Path Platform” (DPP®) e Ensaio de Imunoabsorção Enzimática (ELISA). Vinte e sete cães foram avaliados ao exame anatomopatológico, com 92,6% exibindo alterações à avaliação macroscópica, especialmente esplenomegalia e linfadenomegalia. Todos os cães apresentaram alterações no baço não relacionadas à carga parasitária, sendo a esplenite granulomatosa a alteração mais grave. Hiperplasia cortical e paracortical difusa e hiperplasia e hipertrofia dos cordões medulares foram observadas nos linfonodos. Formas amastigotas de Leishmania spp. foram encontradas no baço e linfonodo às avaliações histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica, com boa concordância entre os métodos (k = 0,55, p = 0,00124), mas não foi observada diferença na intensidade parasitária entre esses órgãos à imuno-histoquímica (p = 0,23). Conclui-se que baço e linfonodo de cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes DPP® e ELISA apresentam alterações histomorfológicas decorrentes da doença, independente da carga parasitária, assim como esses órgãos apresentam carga parasitária semelhante ao método imuno-histoquímico.

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan of the species Leishmania infantum. The spleen and lymph nodes undergo morphological changes during CanL. This research aimed to perform an anatomopathological and immunohistochemical study of these organs in dogs reactive to leishmaniasis in the Dual-path Platform chromatographic immunoassay (DPP®) and Enzyme Immunoabsorption Assay (ELISA). Twenty-seven dogs were evaluated for anatomopathological examination with 92.6% showing changes at gross evaluation, specially splenomegaly and lymphadenomegaly. All dogs showed changes in the spleen unrelated to the parasitic load, with granulomatous splenitis being the most severe change. Diffuse cortical and paracortical hyperplasia, and hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the medullary cords were observed in the lymph node. Amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. were found in the spleen and lymph node at histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations, with good agreement between these evaluations (k = 0.55, p = 0.00124), but no difference was observed in the parasitic intensity of these organs at immunohistochemistry (p = 0.23). It was concluded that spleen and lymph node from dogs reactive to leishmaniasis on the DPP® and ELISA tests show histomorphological changes resulting from the disease, independent to the parasitic load, as well as these organs show similar parasitic load at immunohistochemical test.

Anatomomopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of the spleen and lymph node of dogs seropositives for leishmaniasis in serological tests / Análises anatomopatológica e imuno-histoquímica do baço e linfonodo de cães soropositivos para leishmaniose em testes sorológicos

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan of the species Leishmania infantum. The spleen and lymph nodes undergo morphological changes during CanL. This research aimed to perform an anatomopathological and immunohistochemical study of these organs in dogs reactive to leishmaniasis in the Dual-path Platform chromatographic immunoassay (DPP®) and Enzyme Immunoabsorption Assay (ELISA). Twenty-seven dogs were evaluated for anatomopathological examination with 92.6% showing changes at gross evaluation, specially splenomegaly and lymphadenomegaly. All dogs showed changes in the spleen unrelated to the parasitic load, with granulomatous splenitis being the most severe change. Diffuse cortical and paracortical hyperplasia, and hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the medullary cords were observed in the lymph node. Amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. were found in the spleen and lymph node at histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations, with good agreement between these evaluations (k = 0.55, p = 0.00124), but no difference was observed in the parasitic intensity of these organs at immunohistochemistry (p = 0.23). It was concluded that spleen and lymph node from dogs reactive to leishmaniasis on the DPP® and ELISA tests show histomorphological changes resulting from the disease, independent to the parasitic load, as well as these organs show similar parasitic load at immunohistochemical test.

A leishmaniose canina (CanL) é uma zoonose causada pelo protozoário da espécie Leishmania infantum. O baço e os linfonodos sofrem alterações morfológicas durante o CanL. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar um estudo anatomopatológico e imuno-histoquímico desses órgãos em cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes de Imunoensaio Cromatográfico "Dual Path Platform" (DPP®) e Ensaio de Imunoabsorção Enzimática (ELISA). Vinte e sete cães foram avaliados ao exame anatomopatológico, com 92,6% exibindo alterações à avaliação macroscópica, especialmente esplenomegalia e linfadenomegalia. Todos os cães apresentaram alterações no baço não relacionadas à carga parasitária, sendo a esplenite granulomatosa a alteração mais grave. Hiperplasia cortical e paracortical difusa e hiperplasia e hipertrofia dos cordões medulares foram observadas nos linfonodos. Formas amastigotas de Leishmania spp. foram encontradas no baço e linfonodo às avaliações histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica, com boa concordância entre os métodos (k = 0,55, p = 0,00124), mas não foi observada diferença na intensidade parasitária entre esses órgãos à imuno-histoquímica (p = 0,23). Conclui-se que baço e linfonodo de cães reativos para leishmaniose aos testes DPP® e ELISA apresentam alterações histomorfológicas decorrentes da doença, independente da carga parasitária, assim como esses órgãos apresentam carga parasitária semelhante ao método imuno-histoquímico.

Extranodal B cell lymphoma in the trachea of a domestic cat

Background: Primary tracheal tumors are considered uncommon in veterinary medicine and among them extranodal tracheal lymphoma, which is a neoplastic type, has rarely been described, especially with the use of immunophenotyping. Consequently, there is a lack of knowledge inherent to the characteristics of this tumor type in felines and as a result little information on how to deal with animals affected by this disease. Therefore, there is a need for more studies focusing on this matter. The objective of this work is to report a case of extranodal B cell lymphoma in the trachea of a domestic cat and point out the clinical and pathological characteristics of this neoplastic type. Case: A 5-year-old domestic cat, of an oriental breed, was taken to a veterinary clinic exclusively for cats in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The main complaint was difficulty in breathing and loss of appetite and historical data included intolerance to exercise. A clinical examination confirmed inspiratory dyspnea and upper respiratory sounds. Hematological and serum biochemical exams did not evidence any noteworthy changes and the cat was considered negative for feline viral leukemia and feline immunodeficiency viruses through serological and molecular testing. However, in the radiographic examination of the thoracic cervical region, an opacity was observed that occluded part of the tracheal lumen and this was suggestive of a mass in the initial third of the trachea, measuring 0.5 cm in diameter. The animal was stabilized and then 24 h after admission underwent inspection of the oral cavity and a biopsy of the tracheal mass was performed. Cytology of the specimen was suggestive of lymphoma. The treatment of choice was: lomustine with a single, oral dose of 10 mg; vincristine sulfate with a single intravenous dose of 0.75 mg/m²; and methylprednisolone acetate with a single...(AU)

Intravascular lymphoma in a dog: case report

Intravascular lymphoma is characterized by being a malignant neoplasm of extranodal T or B lymphocytes with exclusive proliferation within the vascular lumen, particularly of small vessels. The clinical signs vary due to the involvement of several organs, mainly the central nervous system. The diagnosis is difficult because many of the tests performed are not conclusive and, therefore, necropsy is the most efficient way to identify this tumor. This case report aims to describe the anatomopathological findings of a case of intravascular lymphoma in a mixed breed, 8 years old dog who presented neurological signs and was submitted to a necroscopic examination with clinical suspicion of granulomatous meningoencephalitis. The necropsy findings were not specific, but the presence of intravascular neoplastic lymphocytes int he brain, spleen, adrenal gland and stomach was verified by microscopy. These cells were positive for the CD3 antibody by immunohistochemistry, confirming the T lymphocyte phenotype. This neoplasm should be considered in the diagnosis of encephalopathies in dogs.(AU)

Intravascular lymphoma in a dog: case report

Intravascular lymphoma is characterized by being a malignant neoplasm of extranodal T or B lymphocytes with exclusive proliferation within the vascular lumen, particularly of small vessels. The clinical signs vary due to the involvement of several organs, mainly the central nervous system. The diagnosis is difficult because many of the tests performed are not conclusive and, therefore, necropsy is the most efficient way to identify this tumor. This case report aims to describe the anatomopathological findings of a case of intravascular lymphoma in a mixed breed, 8 years old dog who presented neurological signs and was submitted to a necroscopic examination with clinical suspicion of granulomatous meningoencephalitis. The necropsy findings were not specific, but the presence of intravascular neoplastic lymphocytes int he brain, spleen, adrenal gland and stomach was verified by microscopy. These cells were positive for the CD3 antibody by immunohistochemistry, confirming the T lymphocyte phenotype. This neoplasm should be considered in the diagnosis of encephalopathies in dogs.

Extranodal B cell lymphoma in the trachea of a domestic cat

Background: Primary tracheal tumors are considered uncommon in veterinary medicine and among them extranodal tracheal lymphoma, which is a neoplastic type, has rarely been described, especially with the use of immunophenotyping. Consequently, there is a lack of knowledge inherent to the characteristics of this tumor type in felines and as a result little information on how to deal with animals affected by this disease. Therefore, there is a need for more studies focusing on this matter. The objective of this work is to report a case of extranodal B cell lymphoma in the trachea of a domestic cat and point out the clinical and pathological characteristics of this neoplastic type. Case: A 5-year-old domestic cat, of an oriental breed, was taken to a veterinary clinic exclusively for cats in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The main complaint was difficulty in breathing and loss of appetite and historical data included intolerance to exercise. A clinical examination confirmed inspiratory dyspnea and upper respiratory sounds. Hematological and serum biochemical exams did not evidence any noteworthy changes and the cat was considered negative for feline viral leukemia and feline immunodeficiency viruses through serological and molecular testing. However, in the radiographic examination of the thoracic cervical region, an opacity was observed that occluded part of the tracheal lumen and this was suggestive of a mass in the initial third of the trachea, measuring 0.5 cm in diameter. The animal was stabilized and then 24 h after admission underwent inspection of the oral cavity and a biopsy of the tracheal mass was performed. Cytology of the specimen was suggestive of lymphoma. The treatment of choice was: lomustine with a single, oral dose of 10 mg; vincristine sulfate with a single intravenous dose of 0.75 mg/m²; and methylprednisolone acetate with a single...

Intradural extramedullary plasmacytoma in a dog

Background: Plasmacytoma is a neoplasm originating in plasma cells, derived from B lymphocytes. Extramedullary presentation is the most common form of plasmacytoma, mainly in the skin and rarely in other tissues, including the vertebral canal. Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) occurs more frequently in senile dogs and rarely in cats and some dog breeds have predisposition for this type of neoplasm. The aim of this study was to report plasmacytoma in a dog located adjacent to the thoracic vertebrae. Case: An approximately 5-year-old mongrel male with sudden paraplegia resulting from upper motor neuron injury was admitted to a University Hospital. The dog presented a six-centimeter diameter mass in the dorsal region, adjacent to the thoracic vertebrae. The leucogram presented mild leukopenia by eosinopenia and lymphopenia. Myelogram associated with epidurography showed a fill failure in the contrast column between the seventh and ninth thoracic vertebrae, and there were no osteolysis points in the thoracic vertebrae, adjacent to the neoplastic mass. The evaluation of the intervertebral spaces between the fourth to ninth thoracic vertebrae presented no increase in radiopacity, nor alterations in the size of intervertebral spaces, indicating intervertebral disc extrusion. The laterolateral radiographs showed an alignment of the vertebrae and vertebral canal, without presence of bone neoformations on the ventral face of the vertebral bodies. The animal was euthanized and fragments of mass were collected for histological analysis. Macroscopic findings presented a non-encapsulated well-delimited mass, with color ranging from white to reddish. Microscopically, there was proliferation of moderately differentiated round cells in bone and muscle tissues, arranged in mantle

Intradural extramedullary plasmacytoma in a dog

Background: Plasmacytoma is a neoplasm originating in plasma cells, derived from B lymphocytes. Extramedullary presentation is the most common form of plasmacytoma, mainly in the skin and rarely in other tissues, including the vertebral canal. Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) occurs more frequently in senile dogs and rarely in cats and some dog breeds have predisposition for this type of neoplasm. The aim of this study was to report plasmacytoma in a dog located adjacent to the thoracic vertebrae. Case: An approximately 5-year-old mongrel male with sudden paraplegia resulting from upper motor neuron injury was admitted to a University Hospital. The dog presented a six-centimeter diameter mass in the dorsal region, adjacent to the thoracic vertebrae. The leucogram presented mild leukopenia by eosinopenia and lymphopenia. Myelogram associated with epidurography showed a fill failure in the contrast column between the seventh and ninth thoracic vertebrae, and there were no osteolysis points in the thoracic vertebrae, adjacent to the neoplastic mass. The evaluation of the intervertebral spaces between the fourth to ninth thoracic vertebrae presented no increase in radiopacity, nor alterations in the size of intervertebral spaces, indicating intervertebral disc extrusion. The laterolateral radiographs showed an alignment of the vertebrae and vertebral canal, without presence of bone neoformations on the ventral face of the vertebral bodies. The animal was euthanized and fragments of mass were collected for histological analysis. Macroscopic findings presented a non-encapsulated well-delimited mass, with color ranging from white to reddish. Microscopically, there was proliferation of moderately differentiated round cells in bone and muscle tissues, arranged in mantle…(AU)

Topografia e morfometria do timo em aves (Gallus gallus domesticus) da linhagem Ross 308 AP (AP95) / Topography and morphometry of timo in fowl (Gallus domesticus) from Ross 308 AP LINEAGE (AP95)

Objetivou-se descrever a topografia e morfometria do timo em 30 aves domésticas da linhagem Ross 308 AP (AP95), 15 machos e 15 fêmeas, com idade de 14 a 16 semanas e massa corporal média de 2,1 kg e 1,7 kg, respectivamente nos machos e fêmeas. Após a fixação em solução aquosa de formol a 10%, as peças foram dissecadas. Os lobos tímicos localizavam-se desde o terço cranial do pescoço até os ossos claviculares, de forma linear, longitudinal e lateralmente no pescoço, paralelos ao nervo vago, veia jugular externa e artéria comum do nervo vago. Os lobos apresentaram formatos ovalados e triangulares e o número foi de quatro a oito. Agrupando os lobos de acordo com a localização no pescoço, nos terços cranial, médio e caudal, as médias de comprimento x largura x espessura variaram, nessa ordem, de 1,93 a 52,1 mm, 0,98 a 23,15 mm e 0,32 a 8,52 mm. O timo das aves AP95 apresentou características topográficas e morfológicas similares àquelas de outras linhagens, porém, quanto à morfometria, foram observadas características singulares.

The objective of this study was to describe the topography and morphometry of the thymus in 30 domestic fowl of the Ross 308 AP (AP95) lineage, 15 males and 15 females, with an approximate age of 15 weeks and a mean weight of 2.1 kg for males and 1.7 for females. After fixation in 10 % formalin aqueous solution, the specimens were dissected. The thymic lobes were located from the cranial third of neck to clavicular bones, linearly, longitudinally and laterally in neck, parallel to the vagus nerve, external jugular vein and common vagus nerve artery. The lobes presented oval and triangular shapes and the number varies from four to eight. Grouping the thymic lobes according to the location in neck in cranial, middle or caudal thirds, the averages of length x widths x thickness varied from 1.93 to 52.1 mm, 0.98 to 23.15 mm and 0.32 to 8.52 mm. The thymus of AP95 chicken presented topographic and morphological characteristics similar to those of other strains, but, regarding morphometry, unique characteristics were observed.

Topografia e morfometria do timo em aves (Gallus gallus domesticus) da linhagem Ross 308 AP (AP95) / Topography and morphometry of timo in fowl (Gallus domesticus) from Ross 308 AP LINEAGE (AP95)

Objetivou-se descrever a topografia e morfometria do timo em 30 aves domésticas da linhagem Ross 308 AP (AP95), 15 machos e 15 fêmeas, com idade de 14 a 16 semanas e massa corporal média de 2,1 kg e 1,7 kg, respectivamente nos machos e fêmeas. Após a fixação em solução aquosa de formol a 10%, as peças foram dissecadas. Os lobos tímicos localizavam-se desde o terço cranial do pescoço até os ossos claviculares, de forma linear, longitudinal e lateralmente no pescoço, paralelos ao nervo vago, veia jugular externa e artéria comum do nervo vago. Os lobos apresentaram formatos ovalados e triangulares e o número foi de quatro a oito. Agrupando os lobos de acordo com a localização no pescoço, nos terços cranial, médio e caudal, as médias de comprimento x largura x espessura variaram, nessa ordem, de 1,93 a 52,1 mm, 0,98 a 23,15 mm e 0,32 a 8,52 mm. O timo das aves AP95 apresentou características topográficas e morfológicas similares àquelas de outras linhagens, porém, quanto à morfometria, foram observadas características singulares.(AU)

The objective of this study was to describe the topography and morphometry of the thymus in 30 domestic fowl of the Ross 308 AP (AP95) lineage, 15 males and 15 females, with an approximate age of 15 weeks and a mean weight of 2.1 kg for males and 1.7 for females. After fixation in 10 % formalin aqueous solution, the specimens were dissected. The thymic lobes were located from the cranial third of neck to clavicular bones, linearly, longitudinally and laterally in neck, parallel to the vagus nerve, external jugular vein and common vagus nerve artery. The lobes presented oval and triangular shapes and the number varies from four to eight. Grouping the thymic lobes according to the location in neck in cranial, middle or caudal thirds, the averages of length x widths x thickness varied from 1.93 to 52.1 mm, 0.98 to 23.15 mm and 0.32 to 8.52 mm. The thymus of AP95 chicken presented topographic and morphological characteristics similar to those of other strains, but, regarding morphometry, unique characteristics were observed.(AU)

Multicentric lymphoma in sheep (case report) / Linfoma multicêntrico em ovino (relato de caso)

The present study describes a case report in sheep with multicentric lymphoma. Clinical examination revealed the animal presented tachycardia, tachypnea, congested ocular mucous membranes, fever, cachexia, mild dehydration, decreased ruminal motility, difficulty in standing, and dysuria. Supportive treatment and complementary examination (complete blood count, radiography, ultrasound and abdominocentesis) were performed. The results showed neutrophilic leukocytosis, persistent lymphocytosis, exudate with high cell concentration, and imaging examination showed abundant fluid in the abdominal cavity, and enlarged iliac and mesenteric lymph nodes. Due to the severe clinical condition, the animal died and referred for necropsy. Samples from different organs were collected for histopathological analysis. At necropsy, abundant light brown exudate was observed in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, multiple white lobulated masses in different organs, in addition to pink, irregular, multifocal and coalescent nodules in the omentum, with neoplastic cells arranged in cords and cloak of cells supported by a thin fibrovascular stroma. Macroscopic and microscopic findings are characteristic of multicentric lymphoma.(AU)

O presente trabalho descreve um relato de caso em ovino. No exame clínico o animal apresentou taquicardia, taquipnéia, mucosas oculares congestas, febre e caquexia, grau de desidratação leve, diminuição de motilidade ruminal, dificuldade em se manter em estação, além de disúria. Realizou-se tratamento de suporte e exames complementares (hemograma, radiografia, ultrassonografia e abdominocentese). Os resultados dos exames complementares demostraram leucocitose por neutrofilia e linfocitose persistente, presença de exsudato contendo elevada concentração celular, e exames de imagem indicando presença abundante de líquido na cavidade abdominal, e presença de linfonodos ilíacos e mesentéricos em tamanho aumentado. O animal veio a óbito em decorrência da severidade do quadro clínico, sendo encaminhado para necrópsia. Foram coletados fragmentos de diversos órgãos para análise histopatológica. Na necrópsia, observou-se grande quantidade de exsudato pardo-claro nas cavidades abdominal e torácica, múltiplas massas brancacentas e lobuladas em diferentes órgãos, além de nódulos rosados, irregulares, multifocais e coalescentes no omento com células neoplásicas que arranjavam-se em cordões e manto e, eram sustentadas por um fino estroma fibrovascular. Os achados macroscópicos e microscópicos são característicos de linfoma multicêntrico.(AU)

Multicentric lymphoma in sheep (case report) / Linfoma multicêntrico em ovino (relato de caso)

The present study describes a case report in sheep with multicentric lymphoma. Clinical examination revealed the animal presented tachycardia, tachypnea, congested ocular mucous membranes, fever, cachexia, mild dehydration, decreased ruminal motility, difficulty in standing, and dysuria. Supportive treatment and complementary examination (complete blood count, radiography, ultrasound and abdominocentesis) were performed. The results showed neutrophilic leukocytosis, persistent lymphocytosis, exudate with high cell concentration, and imaging examination showed abundant fluid in the abdominal cavity, and enlarged iliac and mesenteric lymph nodes. Due to the severe clinical condition, the animal died and referred for necropsy. Samples from different organs were collected for histopathological analysis. At necropsy, abundant light brown exudate was observed in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, multiple white lobulated masses in different organs, in addition to pink, irregular, multifocal and coalescent nodules in the omentum, with neoplastic cells arranged in cords and cloak of cells supported by a thin fibrovascular stroma. Macroscopic and microscopic findings are characteristic of multicentric lymphoma.

O presente trabalho descreve um relato de caso em ovino. No exame clínico o animal apresentou taquicardia, taquipnéia, mucosas oculares congestas, febre e caquexia, grau de desidratação leve, diminuição de motilidade ruminal, dificuldade em se manter em estação, além de disúria. Realizou-se tratamento de suporte e exames complementares (hemograma, radiografia, ultrassonografia e abdominocentese). Os resultados dos exames complementares demostraram leucocitose por neutrofilia e linfocitose persistente, presença de exsudato contendo elevada concentração celular, e exames de imagem indicando presença abundante de líquido na cavidade abdominal, e presença de linfonodos ilíacos e mesentéricos em tamanho aumentado. O animal veio a óbito em decorrência da severidade do quadro clínico, sendo encaminhado para necrópsia. Foram coletados fragmentos de diversos órgãos para análise histopatológica. Na necrópsia, observou-se grande quantidade de exsudato pardo-claro nas cavidades abdominal e torácica, múltiplas massas brancacentas e lobuladas em diferentes órgãos, além de nódulos rosados, irregulares, multifocais e coalescentes no omento com células neoplásicas que arranjavam-se em cordões e manto e, eram sustentadas por um fino estroma fibrovascular. Os achados macroscópicos e microscópicos são característicos de linfoma multicêntrico.

Aortic thrombosis in a dog with chronic lymphocytic leukemia / Trombose aórtica em cão com leucemia linfocítica crônica

The aim of this report was to describe a case of aortic thrombosis (AT) secondary to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Although, different types of neoplasms are described as possible causes of aortic thrombosis, CLL was not yet considered. The dog showed signs of lameness that worsened with exercise. The diagnosis of AT was made by ultrasound examination. The diagnosis of CLL was made by necropsy, which showed the presence of small lymphocytes with the appearance of mature lymphocytes in the bone marrow, spleen, liver and kidneys. The importance of including CLL in the possible causes of AT in dogs, in addition to the suspicion of AT in cases of neuromuscular disease, was highlighted.(AU)

O objetivo do presente relato é descrever um caso de trombose aórtica (AT) secundária a leucemia linfocítica crônica (LLC). Embora diferentes tipos de neoplasmas sejam descritos como possíveis causas de trombose aórtica, a LLC ainda não foi considerada. O cão mostrou sinais de claudicação que pioravam com o exercício. O diagnóstico de AT foi realizado por exame ultrassonográfico. O diagnóstico de LLC foi feito por necropsia, que mostrou a presença de pequenos linfócitos com aparência de linfócitos maduros na medula óssea, baço, fígado e rins. Destaca-se a importância da inclusão da LLC nas possíveis causas de AT em cães, além da suspeita de AT em casos de doença neuromuscular.(AU)

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Red Algae Powder (Chondrus crispus) on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Lymphoid Organ Weights and Intestinal pH in Broilers

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with red algae powder (Chondrus crispus) on the growth performance, carcass traits, lymphoid organ weights and intestinal pH y in broiler chickens. A total of 300 1-day-old B34 line male broiler chickens were randomly allotted to three treatments, four replicates per treatment and 25 birds per replicate. The experimental treatments consisted of a basal diet (T0) and dietary supplementation of 0.30 (T2) and 0.40% (T2) red algae powder. Body weight at 1, 21 and 32 days did not show significant differences (p>0.05) among treatments. At 21 days, T1decreased (p 0.05) the feed intake and feed conversion ratio. However, from 22 to up to 32 days, these productive indicators increased (p 0.05) with the use of the natural product (red algae powder) tested. Meanwhile, T1 improved (p 0.05) the carcass and breast yields and decreased the abdominal fat yield, and T2increased (p 0.05) the relative weights of the bursa of Fabricius and the thymus. The relative weight of the spleen, the other edible parts and the intestinal pH did not change (p>0.05) with the red algae supplementation. The dietary supplementation of 0.30% red algae improved the growth performance (at 21-day-old) and some edible parts; also, the dietary supplementation of 0.40% increased the relative weight of the lymphoid organs, without changing the intestinal pH of broilers.(AU)

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Red Algae Powder (Chondrus crispus) on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Lymphoid Organ Weights and Intestinal pH in Broilers

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with red algae powder (Chondrus crispus) on the growth performance, carcass traits, lymphoid organ weights and intestinal pH y in broiler chickens. A total of 300 1-day-old B34 line male broiler chickens were randomly allotted to three treatments, four replicates per treatment and 25 birds per replicate. The experimental treatments consisted of a basal diet (T0) and dietary supplementation of 0.30 (T2) and 0.40% (T2) red algae powder. Body weight at 1, 21 and 32 days did not show significant differences (p>0.05) among treatments. At 21 days, T1decreased (p 0.05) the feed intake and feed conversion ratio. However, from 22 to up to 32 days, these productive indicators increased (p 0.05) with the use of the natural product (red algae powder) tested. Meanwhile, T1 improved (p 0.05) the carcass and breast yields and decreased the abdominal fat yield, and T2increased (p 0.05) the relative weights of the bursa of Fabricius and the thymus. The relative weight of the spleen, the other edible parts and the intestinal pH did not change (p>0.05) with the red algae supplementation. The dietary supplementation of 0.30% red algae improved the growth performance (at 21-day-old) and some edible parts; also, the dietary supplementation of 0.40% increased the relative weight of the lymphoid organs, without changing the intestinal pH of broilers.

Characterization of immune and enteric systems of broilers after imunosupression with dexamethasone

Background: Bursa of Fabricius (BF) and the thymus are primary lymphoid organs of poultry and play a major role in avian immunity. Enteric system is also involved in immunity. Several pathologic conditions directly impact BF and thymus size, and also affect intestinal parameters. Besides, there are several immune system depressor agents which affect birds. The selection of glucocorticoid as inducer of immunosuppression is applied in many experiments; however there are few studies that are applied to the reality in the field. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dexamethasone as an inducer of immunosuppression on lymphoid organs and microscopic structures of the jejunum.Materials, Methods & Results: One-day-old chicks were used as a control group (n = 8) and the treated group (n = 25) received intramuscular dexamethasone on 21, 23, 24 and 26 day-old. Control birds and treated birds were euthanized 8, 16, 24, 32 and 40 h after inoculation; four control birds and six treated birds were euthanized on the eighth day after the last inoculation. Thymus, BF and jejunum were collected during the necropsy. The selected organs were processed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin and photographed. The BF and thymus cuts were evaluated by three histopathologists to determine the depletion score. Ten villi of each jejunum were evaluated for width and length of villi, depth crypt, microvillus length, enterocyte length of each villus, and wall thickness. Treated birds presented a mean weight lower than control group during all the experiment. The mean weight and the relative weight of the BF and thymus of control birds were significantly higher than treated ones. The lymphocyte depletion in BF and thymus scores differed significantly between groups, being higher in the group challenged with dexamethasone. There were no significant differences between groups for depth of crypt, height of core and height of microvilli.[...]

Characterization of immune and enteric systems of broilers after imunosupression with dexamethasone

Background: Bursa of Fabricius (BF) and the thymus are primary lymphoid organs of poultry and play a major role in avian immunity. Enteric system is also involved in immunity. Several pathologic conditions directly impact BF and thymus size, and also affect intestinal parameters. Besides, there are several immune system depressor agents which affect birds. The selection of glucocorticoid as inducer of immunosuppression is applied in many experiments; however there are few studies that are applied to the reality in the field. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dexamethasone as an inducer of immunosuppression on lymphoid organs and microscopic structures of the jejunum.Materials, Methods & Results: One-day-old chicks were used as a control group (n = 8) and the treated group (n = 25) received intramuscular dexamethasone on 21, 23, 24 and 26 day-old. Control birds and treated birds were euthanized 8, 16, 24, 32 and 40 h after inoculation; four control birds and six treated birds were euthanized on the eighth day after the last inoculation. Thymus, BF and jejunum were collected during the necropsy. The selected organs were processed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin and photographed. The BF and thymus cuts were evaluated by three histopathologists to determine the depletion score. Ten villi of each jejunum were evaluated for width and length of villi, depth crypt, microvillus length, enterocyte length of each villus, and wall thickness. Treated birds presented a mean weight lower than control group during all the experiment. The mean weight and the relative weight of the BF and thymus of control birds were significantly higher than treated ones. The lymphocyte depletion in BF and thymus scores differed significantly between groups, being higher in the group challenged with dexamethasone. There were no significant differences between groups for depth of crypt, height of core and height of microvilli.[...](AU)

Linfoma multicêntrico em cão, uma abordagem clinica e laboratorial / Multicenter lymphoma in dogs, a clinical and laboratory approach: a case report

O linfoma é uma forma de apresentação do distúrbio linfoproliferativo, em que o tumor se origina em um órgão hematopoiético sólido, como o linfonodo. É considerada uma neoplasia de maior incidência em cães e gatos. O trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um relato de caso sobre um linfoma multicêntrico, com abordagem clínica e laboratorial. Um cão sem raça definida, foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Estadual do CEARÁ (UHV-UECE), apresentando hematúria e uma discreta linfadenomegalia no exame físico. Foram solicitados hemograma completo (HC), análise de bioquímica sérica, sumário de urina e exame ultrassonográfico (US). As alterações no hemograma foram anemia normocítica normocrômica e trombocitopenia. A análise dos exames de bioquímica sérica revelou um aumento na enzima aspartato amino-transferase (AST). No sumário de urina (SU), observaram-se alterações das características físicas e da sedimentoscopia. O exame ultrassonográfico mostrou alterações de ecogenicidade na bexiga, próstata, testículo e baço. Houve piora do quadro clínico do animal, com perda de peso e aumento evidente dos linfonodos. Um exame citológico foi realizado com aspirado de linfonodos, que apresentou configuração celular compatível com linfoma; sendo também encontradas células neoplásicas no esfregaço de sangue periférico, no hemograma. Diante dos achados e do agravamento do quadro clínico, o animal veio a óbito.

Lymphoma is a form of presentation of the lymphoproliferative disorder which the tumor originates from a solid hematopoietic organ such as the lymph node. It is considered one of the neoplasia of higher incidence in dogs and cats. This paper aims to present a case report on a multicenter lymphoma with a clinical and laboratory approach. A dog without defined breed, at the Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Estadual do CEARÁ (UHV-UECE) presenting hematuria and a discrete lymphadenomegaly on physical examination. Complete blood counts (HC), serum biochemical analyzes, urine summary and ultrasound examination were requested. Changes in the hemogram were normocyclic normocytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Biochemical analysis revealed an increase in asparate amino transferase (AST). The urine summary (SU) showed changes in physical characteristics and sedimentation. Ultrasound examination (US) showed changes in the bladder, prostate, testis echogenicity and the spleen’s size. There was worsening of the animal's size over time with progression of weight loss and evident enlargement of the lymph nodes. A cytology was performed through a lymph node aspirate which had a lymphoma compatible cell configuration and neoplastic cells were also found in the hemogram peripheral blood smear. The animal died with deterioration of the clinical picture.