Polycystic ovary syndrome in nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus / Síndrome do ovário policístico em tilápia do nilo, Oreochromis niloticus

This study presented a case report of a female of Oreochromis niloticus in the reproductive age. In the clinical analysis, the animal showed intense abdominal distension, severe cachexia, retraction of the eyeball and lethargic behavior. At the necropsy, it was observed the presence of neoplastic mass in the peritoneal cavity which presented smooth surface, circular appearance, soft consistency and reddish-blackened focal regions. There was the formation of multiple cysts, which presented a yellowish-green liquid content in the cut. In the histopathological examination, multiple dilatations were observed, filled with amorphous eosinophilic material with a delicate fibrocolagenous wall, as well as detachment of the granulosa and theca cells. The presence of macrophage infiltrates with hemosiderin pigments was also observed. The macroscopic and microscopic findings confirm the diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome; however the causes of this cystic disease were not understood.

Este estudo apresentou um relato de caso de uma fêmea de Oreochromis niloticus na idade reprodutiva. Na análise clínica, o animal apresentava intensa distensão abdominal, caquexia severa, retração do globo ocular e comportamento letárgico. Na necropsia, observou-se a presença de massa neoplásica na cavidade peritoneal, apresentando superfície lisa, aspecto circular, consistência mole e regiões focais escurecidas de vermelho. Existia a formação de múltiplos cistos, que ao corte apresentavam um conteúdo líquido verde-amarelado. No exame histopatológico, foram observadas dilatações múltiplas, preenchidas com material eosinofílico amorfo com delicada parede fibrocolagenosa, além de descolamento das células da granulosa e da teca. A presença de infiltrados de macrófagos com pigmentos de hemossiderina também foi observada. Os achados macroscópicos e microscópicos confirmam o diagnóstico de síndrome do ovário policístico; no entanto, as causas desta doença cística não foram compreendidas.

Polycystic ovary syndrome in nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus / Síndrome do ovário policístico em tilápia do nilo, Oreochromis niloticus

This study presented a case report of a female of Oreochromis niloticus in the reproductive age. In the clinical analysis, the animal showed intense abdominal distension, severe cachexia, retraction of the eyeball and lethargic behavior. At the necropsy, it was observed the presence of neoplastic mass in the peritoneal cavity which presented smooth surface, circular appearance, soft consistency and reddish-blackened focal regions. There was the formation of multiple cysts, which presented a yellowish-green liquid content in the cut. In the histopathological examination, multiple dilatations were observed, filled with amorphous eosinophilic material with a delicate fibrocolagenous wall, as well as detachment of the granulosa and theca cells. The presence of macrophage infiltrates with hemosiderin pigments was also observed. The macroscopic and microscopic findings confirm the diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome; however the causes of this cystic disease were not understood.(AU)

Este estudo apresentou um relato de caso de uma fêmea de Oreochromis niloticus na idade reprodutiva. Na análise clínica, o animal apresentava intensa distensão abdominal, caquexia severa, retração do globo ocular e comportamento letárgico. Na necropsia, observou-se a presença de massa neoplásica na cavidade peritoneal, apresentando superfície lisa, aspecto circular, consistência mole e regiões focais escurecidas de vermelho. Existia a formação de múltiplos cistos, que ao corte apresentavam um conteúdo líquido verde-amarelado. No exame histopatológico, foram observadas dilatações múltiplas, preenchidas com material eosinofílico amorfo com delicada parede fibrocolagenosa, além de descolamento das células da granulosa e da teca. A presença de infiltrados de macrófagos com pigmentos de hemossiderina também foi observada. Os achados macroscópicos e microscópicos confirmam o diagnóstico de síndrome do ovário policístico; no entanto, as causas desta doença cística não foram compreendidas.(AU)

Effects of body condition score and daily milk yield on reproduction traits of Czech Fleckvieh cows

The objective of this study was to Evaluate the effects of body condition score (BCS) and daily milk yield (DMY) on reproductive characteristics of dairy cows. A total of 1249 records of Czech Fleckvieh cows raised at a private farm in Prague were enrolled. Dairy cows were grouped according toBCS (1 = ≤3.75, 2= 4-4.25 and 3 =≥ 4.50) and DMY groups (30kg). Number of inseminations per pregnancy (NI), days open (DO), service period (SP) and ovarian cyst (OC) cases were evaluated as reproduction characteristics. While the group with BCS ≥4.50 presented higher DO, the group with BCS≤ 3.75 had lower OC cases when compared with other BCS groups. The group with DMY ˂20 kg had higher DO but lower OC cases than other DMY groups. Significant correlations were estimated between SP and NI (r = 0.843) or DO (r = 0.256), and between OC and DO (r = 0.546). The results revealed the effects of BCS and DMY on DO and OC and associations of reproduction traits each other. Therefore, close tracking production and reproduction data is suggested as a major process to prevent fertility problems and to obtain high productivity in dairy cows.

Effects of body condition score and daily milk yield on reproduction traits of Czech Fleckvieh cows

The objective of this study was to Evaluate the effects of body condition score (BCS) and daily milk yield (DMY) on reproductive characteristics of dairy cows. A total of 1249 records of Czech Fleckvieh cows raised at a private farm in Prague were enrolled. Dairy cows were grouped according toBCS (1 = ≤3.75, 2= 4-4.25 and 3 =≥ 4.50) and DMY groups (<20kg, 20-30 kg and >30kg). Number of inseminations per pregnancy (NI), days open (DO), service period (SP) and ovarian cyst (OC) cases were evaluated as reproduction characteristics. While the group with BCS ≥4.50 presented higher DO, the group with BCS≤ 3.75 had lower OC cases when compared with other BCS groups. The group with DMY ˂20 kg had higher DO but lower OC cases than other DMY groups. Significant correlations were estimated between SP and NI (r = 0.843) or DO (r = 0.256), and between OC and DO (r = 0.546). The results revealed the effects of BCS and DMY on DO and OC and associations of reproduction traits each other. Therefore, close tracking production and reproduction data is suggested as a major process to prevent fertility problems and to obtain high productivity in dairy cows.(AU)

Fatores predisponentes a incidência de cisto folicular e retorno à ciclicidade em vacas holandesas em lactação / The influence os factors predisposing for the implications of cyst follicular

Foi estudada a incidência de cistos foliculares em vacas leiteiras da raça Holandesa, de uma propriedade comercial localizada em Uberlândia -MG. Foram analisadas 304 vacas lactantes, com média de produção de 20,45kg de leite/dia, no período de um ano. As avaliações foram realizadas a cada 21 dias, totalizando 423 exames ginecológicos. Nas visitas foram procedidos: anotação de dias pós-parto, avaliações ultrassonográficas e estação do ano relativa ao parto e diagnóstico. Foram consideradas vacas císticas, aquelas que nas avaliações apresentavam folículo com, no mínimo, 25 mm de diâmetro, na ausência de corpo lúteo. Os efeitos dos dias pós-parto, estação do diagnóstico e estação de parição sob a ocorrência de cistos ovarianos foram analisadas por regressão logística, com o programa MINITAB. A incidência encontrada foi de 2,63%. Não foi encontrado efeito de dias pós-parto, da estação do ano de diagnóstico e estação da parição na incidência de cistos foliculares; porém, a ciclicidade foi afetada pela estação da parição.

We studied the incidence of follicular cysts in dairy cows of Holstein in a commercial farm, which is localized in the Uberlândia-MG. We analyzed 304 lactation cows with average production of milk was 20,45kg, for the period of one year. The diagnosis were made every 21 days, totaling 423 gynecological examinations. In the visits were collected: days postpartum, ultrasound evaluations and relationship between cysts and date of parturition and diagnosis. Cows were considered cystic whose had follicles with at least 25mm of diameter, in the absence of corpus luteum. The effects of the postpartum, the diagnosis station and the calving season under the occurrence of ovarian cysts were analyzed by logistic regression with the program MINITAB. Ovarian follicular cysts incidence was 2.63%. There were no effects of days postpartum, season of diagnosis and 56 Ciência Animal 27(1), 2017 season of calving on incidence of follicular cysts, but cyclicity was affected by season of calving.

Fatores predisponentes a incidência de cisto folicular e retorno à ciclicidade em vacas holandesas em lactação / The influence os factors predisposing for the implications of cyst follicular

Foi estudada a incidência de cistos foliculares em vacas leiteiras da raça Holandesa, de uma propriedade comercial localizada em Uberlândia -MG. Foram analisadas 304 vacas lactantes, com média de produção de 20,45kg de leite/dia, no período de um ano. As avaliações foram realizadas a cada 21 dias, totalizando 423 exames ginecológicos. Nas visitas foram procedidos: anotação de dias pós-parto, avaliações ultrassonográficas e estação do ano relativa ao parto e diagnóstico. Foram consideradas vacas císticas, aquelas que nas avaliações apresentavam folículo com, no mínimo, 25 mm de diâmetro, na ausência de corpo lúteo. Os efeitos dos dias pós-parto, estação do diagnóstico e estação de parição sob a ocorrência de cistos ovarianos foram analisadas por regressão logística, com o programa MINITAB. A incidência encontrada foi de 2,63%. Não foi encontrado efeito de dias pós-parto, da estação do ano de diagnóstico e estação da parição na incidência de cistos foliculares; porém, a ciclicidade foi afetada pela estação da parição.(AU)

We studied the incidence of follicular cysts in dairy cows of Holstein in a commercial farm, which is localized in the Uberlândia-MG. We analyzed 304 lactation cows with average production of milk was 20,45kg, for the period of one year. The diagnosis were made every 21 days, totaling 423 gynecological examinations. In the visits were collected: days postpartum, ultrasound evaluations and relationship between cysts and date of parturition and diagnosis. Cows were considered cystic whose had follicles with at least 25mm of diameter, in the absence of corpus luteum. The effects of the postpartum, the diagnosis station and the calving season under the occurrence of ovarian cysts were analyzed by logistic regression with the program MINITAB. Ovarian follicular cysts incidence was 2.63%. There were no effects of days postpartum, season of diagnosis and 56 Ciência Animal 27(1), 2017 season of calving on incidence of follicular cysts, but cyclicity was affected by season of calving.(AU)

Ovarian cysts in dairy cows: old and new concepts for definition, diagnosis and therapy

Ovarian Cyst (OC) is an important ovarian dysfunction and a major cause of reproductive failure in dairy cattle. Previously defined as enlarged an ovulatory follicle like structures (< 2.5 cm) and persisting for 10 or more days OC in dairy cows are currently defined as cystic ovarian follicular structures of at least 17 mm that persist for more than 6 days in the absence of corpus luteum. However, clear cut definitions of this disorder are yet to be made. Past evaluations of OC using transrectal palpations have increased, and accurate diagnosis currently employs a combination of transrectal palpation, transrectal ultrasonography and plasma progesterone assay. However, the accurate diagnosis of the type of OC seems less important as therapies are similar for both the types of OC and clinicians often evaluate the OC again under conditions of pregnancy failures. During earlier time s, the manual rupture of OC was advocated, yet during the past several years single or combination hCG, GnRH, progesterone and prostaglandins have been frequent in clinical practice. Other therapies include estrogen receptor blocker clomiphene citrate and transvaginal ultrasound guided cystic follicle aspiration. Among the various therapies suggested the OvSynch treatment appears to be the most logical approach, yet the pregnancy rates with timed inseminations following therapy with the OvSynch treatment are low , as with other hormonal treatments. The success of therapy is governed by many confounding variables such as persistence of the cystic follicles and initiation of therapy as pathological alterations that occur following OC persistence require some time for spontaneous recovery. It can be concluded that OC can be diagnosed easily yet in spite of many therapeutic options the establishment of pregnancy in cows with OC requires a longer time.

Ovarian cysts in dairy cows: old and new concepts for definition, diagnosis and therapy

Ovarian Cyst (OC) is an important ovarian dysfunction and a major cause of reproductive failure in dairy cattle. Previously defined as enlarged an ovulatory follicle like structures (< 2.5 cm) and persisting for 10 or more days OC in dairy cows are currently defined as cystic ovarian follicular structures of at least 17 mm that persist for more than 6 days in the absence of corpus luteum. However, clear cut definitions of this disorder are yet to be made. Past evaluations of OC using transrectal palpations have increased, and accurate diagnosis currently employs a combination of transrectal palpation, transrectal ultrasonography and plasma progesterone assay. However, the accurate diagnosis of the type of OC seems less important as therapies are similar for both the types of OC and clinicians often evaluate the OC again under conditions of pregnancy failures. During earlier time s, the manual rupture of OC was advocated, yet during the past several years single or combination hCG, GnRH, progesterone and prostaglandins have been frequent in clinical practice. Other therapies include estrogen receptor blocker clomiphene citrate and transvaginal ultrasound guided cystic follicle aspiration. Among the various therapies suggested the OvSynch treatment appears to be the most logical approach, yet the pregnancy rates with timed inseminations following therapy with the OvSynch treatment are low , as with other hormonal treatments. The success of therapy is governed by many confounding variables such as persistence of the cystic follicles and initiation of therapy as pathological alterations that occur following OC persistence require some time for spontaneous recovery. It can be concluded that OC can be diagnosed easily yet in spite of many therapeutic options the establishment of pregnancy in cows with OC requires a longer time. (AU)