Bloqueio do plexo braquial com uso de neuroestimulador em coruja-orelhuda (Asio clamator) submetida à amputação de asa / Brachial plexus block with use of a neurostimulator in a striped owl (Asio clamator) undergoing wing amputation

Background: The use of distinct drugs and techniques for establishing balanced anesthesia protocols has shown promisingresults in birds. The techniques of locoregional block can be incorporated to these protocols, thereby providing intra- andpost-operative analgesia and reducing the requirement for general anesthesia. Additionally, the use of neurostimulatorsincreases the chances of success and reduces the risk of toxicity; however, there are limited reports in the literature of itsapplicability in wild birds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the brachial plexus block technique guidedusing a neurolocalizer in a striped owl (Asio clamator) submitted for right wing amputation.Case: A striped owl weighing 400 g with a history of exposed fracture of the right wing was supplied by the clinical sectorat the Veterinarian Hospital of the Federal University of Bahia. Following hydration and stabilization of vital signs, theanimal was referred to the surgical center for amputation of the limb. Dexmedetomidine (10 µg.kg−1 IM) was administeredas premedication, and after 20 min, anesthetic induction was performed using sevoflurane (FiO2 = 100%) via a mask followed by maintenance using the same drug. The animal was positioned in a left lateral decubitus position with access to thebrachial plexus determined by palpation and identification of the border of the following muscles: pectoral, cranial branchof the brachial biceps, and dorsal branch of the ventral serratus. The brachial plexus nerves are situated in the subcutaneous site craniodorsal to the axillary depression. For the block, a neurolocalizer was used, fixing the positive electrode toapproximately 5 cm from the needle insertion site (21G × 2’”) in the axillary depression, which remained connected to theneurostimulator by the second electrode. At first, the needle was attached to the peripheral nerve stimulator using a pulsefrequency of 1 Hz with an...

Bloqueio do plexo braquial com uso de neuroestimulador em coruja-orelhuda (Asio clamator) submetida à amputação de asa / Brachial plexus block with use of a neurostimulator in a striped owl (Asio clamator) undergoing wing amputation

Background: The use of distinct drugs and techniques for establishing balanced anesthesia protocols has shown promisingresults in birds. The techniques of locoregional block can be incorporated to these protocols, thereby providing intra- andpost-operative analgesia and reducing the requirement for general anesthesia. Additionally, the use of neurostimulatorsincreases the chances of success and reduces the risk of toxicity; however, there are limited reports in the literature of itsapplicability in wild birds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the brachial plexus block technique guidedusing a neurolocalizer in a striped owl (Asio clamator) submitted for right wing amputation.Case: A striped owl weighing 400 g with a history of exposed fracture of the right wing was supplied by the clinical sectorat the Veterinarian Hospital of the Federal University of Bahia. Following hydration and stabilization of vital signs, theanimal was referred to the surgical center for amputation of the limb. Dexmedetomidine (10 µg.kg−1 IM) was administeredas premedication, and after 20 min, anesthetic induction was performed using sevoflurane (FiO2 = 100%) via a mask followed by maintenance using the same drug. The animal was positioned in a left lateral decubitus position with access to thebrachial plexus determined by palpation and identification of the border of the following muscles: pectoral, cranial branchof the brachial biceps, and dorsal branch of the ventral serratus. The brachial plexus nerves are situated in the subcutaneous site craniodorsal to the axillary depression. For the block, a neurolocalizer was used, fixing the positive electrode toapproximately 5 cm from the needle insertion site (21G × 2”) in the axillary depression, which remained connected to theneurostimulator by the second electrode. At first, the needle was attached to the peripheral nerve stimulator using a pulsefrequency of 1 Hz with an... (AU)

BLOQUEIO DOS NERVOS FEMORAL E ISQUIÁTICO COM AUXÍLIO DE NEUROELETROESTIMULAÇÃO EM GALINHAS (GALLUS GALLUS DOMESTICUS)

Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos dos bloqueios perineurais dos nervos femoral e isquiático com auxílio de neuroeletroestimulação em galinhas clinicamente saudáveis. Após determinados os pontos de referência anatômicos para o bloqueio de cada nervo, foram utilizadas 10 galinhas jovens, 4 meses de idade, pesando em média 1,22 ± 0,25 kg. Após a indução anestésica com sevoflurano, foram realizados os bloqueios nos nervos femoral e isquiático, sempre nesta ordem, com 10 mg/kg de lidocaína 2% com vasoconstritor em cada nervo. As variáveis frequência cardíaca, frequência respiratória e temperatura [FC, f e Tº(C)] foram avaliadas antes da indução anestésica e a cada 10 minutos após o último bloqueio durante 120 minutos (M10, M20, M30, M40, M50, M60, M70, M80, M90, M100, M110, M120), juntamente com as avaliações para bloqueio sensitivo e motor. Os bloqueios perineurais foram avaliados com classificação em escores, por meio de pinçamento nas regiões de fêmur, tibiotarso proximal, tibiotarso distal, tarsometatarso, dígitos (F, TTP, TTD, TM, D) para bloqueio sensorial, e observação de relaxamento muscular (RM) por correção proprioceptiva para bloqueio motor. Foi notada ausência de reação ou de mudança comportamental durante os pinçamentos e dificuldade de reposicionamento da região do joelho aos dígitos. Observando os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que os bloqueios perineurais dos nervos femoral e isquiático proporcionaram analgesia e ataxia nas regiões avaliadas do membro pélvico em galinhas.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of perineural blocks of the femoral and sciatic nerves with electrical nerve stimulation aid in clinically healthy chickens. After defined anatomical landmarks for each nerve block, ten young chickens, 4 months old, weighing 1,22 ± 0,25 kg were used. After anesthetic induction with sevoflurane, femoral and sciatic nerve blocks were performed, always in this order, with 10 mg/kg of 2% lidocaine with vasoconstrictor on each nerve. The heart rate, respiratory rate and temperature variables [HR, RR and T(ºC)] were assessed before anesthetic induction and every 10 minutes after the last blockade for 120 minutes (M10, M20, M30, M40, M50, M60, M70, M80, M90, M100, M110, M120) together with evaluations for sensory and motor blocks. Perineural blocks were assessed with score classification, by clamping the regions of the femur, proximal tibiotarsus, distal tibiotarsus, tarsometatarsus, digits (F, PTT, DTT, TM, D) for sensory block, and observation of muscle relaxation (RM) by repositioning of the limb or withdrawal reflex for motor block. There was an absence of reaction or behavioral change during the clamping and difficulty in repositioning of the knee region all the way to the digits. Observing the results, it can be concluded that the perineural blocks of the femoral and sciatic nerves provided analgesia and ataxia in the evaluated areas of the pelvic limb in chickens.