Resumo
Abstract The bat genus Sturnira is widely distributed in the Neotropical region, from northwestern Mexico to northern Argentina, and four species occur in Brazil: Sturnira lilium, Sturnira giannae, Sturnira magna, and Sturnira tildae. The present study is the first to record Sturnira tildae in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, based on morphological and molecular diagnoses. The specimen was identified based on its cranial and morphometric traits. The diagnostic traits include discreetly bilobed inner upper incisors with a broad base, lower first and second molars with lingual cusps separated by shallow grooves, and forearm longer than 45 mm. The molecular sequences of Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (COI) and 16S rRNA genes confirmed the morphological identification and thus the occurrence of Sturnira tildae in the Amazon biome of Maranhão. This record represents an eastward extension of the known distribution of the species in the Amazonia, to Cândido Mendes, Maranhão, within an area dominated by dense rainforest and influenced by tides.
Resumo
Abstract The bat genus Sturnira is widely distributed in the Neotropical region, from northwestern Mexico to northern Argentina, and four species occur in Brazil: Sturnira lilium, Sturnira giannae, Sturnira magna, and Sturnira tildae. The present study is the first to record Sturnira tildae in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, based on morphological and molecular diagnoses. The specimen was identified based on its cranial and morphometric traits. The diagnostic traits include discreetly bilobed inner upper incisors with a broad base, lower first and second molars with lingual cusps separated by shallow grooves, and forearm longer than 45 mm. The molecular sequences of Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (COI) and 16S rRNA genes confirmed the morphological identification and thus the occurrence of Sturnira tildae in the Amazon biome of Maranhão. This record represents an eastward extension of the known distribution of the species in the Amazonia, to Cândido Mendes, Maranhão, within an area dominated by dense rainforest and influenced by tides.
Resumo
The bat genus Sturnira is widely distributed in the Neotropical region, from northwestern Mexico to northern Argentina, and four species occur in Brazil: Sturnira lilium, Sturnira giannae, Sturnira magna, and Sturnira tildae. The present study is the first to record Sturnira tildae in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, based on morphological and molecular diagnoses. The specimen was identified based on its cranial and morphometric traits. The diagnostic traits include discreetly bilobed inner upper incisors with a broad base, lower first and second molars with lingual cusps separated by shallow grooves, and forearm longer than 45 mm. The molecular sequences of Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (COI) and 16S rRNA genes confirmed the morphological identification and thus the occurrence of Sturnira tildae in the Amazon biome of Maranhão. This record represents an eastward extension of the known distribution of the species in the Amazonia, to Cândido Mendes, Maranhão, within an area dominated by dense rainforest and influenced by tides.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Quirópteros/classificação , Quirópteros/anatomia & histologia , Distribuição Animal , Quirópteros/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16SResumo
It was provide a hematological profile of Artibeus lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). Animals were collected from October 2017 to February 2018 in an urban forest in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil. Males and females showed similar overall mean values for the parameters analyzed. Males had higher values for erythrocytes (RBC), hematocrit and basophils. Females had higher levels of eosinophils than males. The hematological values reported here will serve as reference for future research on health conditions of free-living and captive populations of Artibeus lituratus, as well as for research on pathogens associated with these bats.
O presente trabalho estabeleceu o perfil hematológico de morcegos frugívoros de vida livre, A. lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). As amostragens foram realizadas de outubro de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018 em uma floresta urbana na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Sudeste do Brasil. Machos e fêmeas apresentaram valores médios gerais semelhantes para os parâmetros analisados. Os machos apresentaram valores de eritrócitos (RBC), hematócrito e basófilos mais altos. As fêmeas apresentaram níveis mais elevados de eosinófilos que os machos. Os valores hematológicos aqui reportados servirão de referência para pesquisas sobre condições de saúde de populações de Artibeus lituratus em vida livre e de cativeiro, assim como para pesquisas sobre patógenos associados a esses morcegos.
Resumo
It was provide a hematological profile of Artibeus lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). Animals were collected from October 2017 to February 2018 in an urban forest in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil. Males and females showed similar overall mean values for the parameters analyzed. Males had higher values for erythrocytes (RBC), hematocrit and basophils. Females had higher levels of eosinophils than males. The hematological values reported here will serve as reference for future research on health conditions of free-living and captive populations of Artibeus lituratus, as well as for research on pathogens associated with these bats.(AU)
O presente trabalho estabeleceu o perfil hematológico de morcegos frugívoros de vida livre, A. lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). As amostragens foram realizadas de outubro de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018 em uma floresta urbana na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Sudeste do Brasil. Machos e fêmeas apresentaram valores médios gerais semelhantes para os parâmetros analisados. Os machos apresentaram valores de eritrócitos (RBC), hematócrito e basófilos mais altos. As fêmeas apresentaram níveis mais elevados de eosinófilos que os machos. Os valores hematológicos aqui reportados servirão de referência para pesquisas sobre condições de saúde de populações de Artibeus lituratus em vida livre e de cativeiro, assim como para pesquisas sobre patógenos associados a esses morcegos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Quirópteros/sangue , Eosinófilos , Eritrócitos , Hematócrito , Testes Hematológicos/veterináriaResumo
It was provide a hematological profile of Artibeus lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). Animals were collected from October 2017 to February 2018 in an urban forest in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil. Males and females showed similar overall mean values for the parameters analyzed. Males had higher values for erythrocytes (RBC), hematocrit and basophils. Females had higher levels of eosinophils than males. The hematological values reported here will serve as reference for future research on health conditions of free-living and captive populations of Artibeus lituratus, as well as for research on pathogens associated with these bats.(AU)
O presente trabalho estabeleceu o perfil hematológico de morcegos frugívoros de vida livre, A. lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). As amostragens foram realizadas de outubro de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018 em uma floresta urbana na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Sudeste do Brasil. Machos e fêmeas apresentaram valores médios gerais semelhantes para os parâmetros analisados. Os machos apresentaram valores de eritrócitos (RBC), hematócrito e basófilos mais altos. As fêmeas apresentaram níveis mais elevados de eosinófilos que os machos. Os valores hematológicos aqui reportados servirão de referência para pesquisas sobre condições de saúde de populações de Artibeus lituratus em vida livre e de cativeiro, assim como para pesquisas sobre patógenos associados a esses morcegos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Quirópteros/sangue , Eosinófilos , Eritrócitos , Hematócrito , Testes Hematológicos/veterináriaResumo
Marmosops incanus (Lund, 1840) is an abundant marsupial species in the primary and secondary forests of the Atlantic Forest, similarly to the fruit-eating bat Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818), which is commonly recorded in forest regions and rural and urban areas. A new predation activity by the opportunistic marsupial species Marmosops incanus on the fruit-eating bat Artibeus lituratus, trapped in a mist-net, was recorded during a chiropterofauna study in the Atlantic Forest of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is known that bats are part of the diet of several vertebrates, many of which are mammals; however, the prey-predator relationship between Marmosops incanus and Artibeus lituratus recorded in this study describes a predation relationship never reported before, contributing to enhance the knowledge on this topic.
Assuntos
Animais , Caça , Marsupiais , QuirópterosResumo
Marmosops incanus (Lund, 1840) is an abundant marsupial species in the primary and secondary forests of the Atlantic Forest, similarly to the fruit-eating bat Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818), which is commonly recorded in forest regions and rural and urban areas. A new predation activity by the opportunistic marsupial species Marmosops incanus on the fruit-eating bat Artibeus lituratus, trapped in a mist-net, was recorded during a chiropterofauna study in the Atlantic Forest of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is known that bats are part of the diet of several vertebrates, many of which are mammals; however, the prey-predator relationship between Marmosops incanus and Artibeus lituratus recorded in this study describes a predation relationship never reported before, contributing to enhance the knowledge on this topic.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Quirópteros , Marsupiais , CaçaResumo
Leucism is a genetic disorder, which causes partial depigmentation on individuals. In mammals, leucism is characterized by individuals with partial or total discolored skin and fur. However, eyes and claws have normal pigmentation. The leucism in Neotropical bats has been reported in four families, also including four species of the genus Artibeus. The present work reports and provides characterization of the first record of leucism in Artibeus lituratus in Brazil. Between 2010 and 2012 we captured three specimens of A. lituratus with leucism in two different areas of Atlantic Forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The specimens exhibited partial bleaching of the pelage and patagia, and eyes and claws presented normal color, which confirm the diagnosis of leucism in the three cases presented here.
Assuntos
Animais , Piebaldismo/genética , Piebaldismo/veterinária , Pigmentação/genética , Quirópteros/anormalidades , Cor de Olho/genética , Fenômenos Genéticos/genéticaResumo
Leucism is a genetic disorder, which causes partial depigmentation on individuals. In mammals, leucism is characterized by individuals with partial or total discolored skin and fur. However, eyes and claws have normal pigmentation. The leucism in Neotropical bats has been reported in four families, also including four species of the genus Artibeus. The present work reports and provides characterization of the first record of leucism in Artibeus lituratus in Brazil. Between 2010 and 2012 we captured three specimens of A. lituratus with leucism in two different areas of Atlantic Forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The specimens exhibited partial bleaching of the pelage and patagia, and eyes and claws presented normal color, which confirm the diagnosis of leucism in the three cases presented here.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Quirópteros/anormalidades , Piebaldismo/genética , Piebaldismo/veterinária , Pigmentação/genética , Cor de Olho/genética , Fenômenos Genéticos/genéticaResumo
Documentamos el primer registro de consumo y dispersión de semillas de Solanum schlechtendalianum (Solanaceae) por el murciélago de charreteras de tierras altas (Sturnira ludovici). La ingesta representó el 13%, 4% y el 80% del contenido total de su dieta en tres diferentes localidades estudiadas. Mediante experimentos de germinación in situ, determinamos un porcentaje de germinación de 30% de un total de 80 semillas digeridas; esto sugiere que S. ludovici actuá como dispersor legítimo de S. schlechtendalianum.
Consumption and seed dispersion of Solanum schlechtendalianum (Solanaceae) by the fruit bat Sturnira ludovici (Phyllostomidae). We presented the first report of the consumption and seed dispersion of Solanum schlechtendalianum (Solanaceae) by the highland yellow-shouldered bat (Sturnira ludovici). Intake accounted for 13%, 4% and 80% of total diet respectively in three studied locations. In situ germination experiments had a 30% of the 80 digested seeds; suggesting that S. ludovici is acting as legitimate seed disperser of S. schlechtendalianum.
Resumo
It was provide a hematological profile of Artibeus lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). Animals were collected from October 2017 to February 2018 in an urban forest in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil. Males and females showed similar overall mean values for the parameters analyzed. Males had higher values for erythrocytes (RBC), hematocrit and basophils. Females had higher levels of eosinophils than males. The hematological values reported here will serve as reference for future research on health conditions of free-living and captive populations of Artibeus lituratus, as well as for research on pathogens associated with these bats.
O presente trabalho estabeleceu o perfil hematológico de morcegos frugívoros de vida livre, A. lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). As amostragens foram realizadas de outubro de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018 em uma floresta urbana na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Sudeste do Brasil. Machos e fêmeas apresentaram valores médios gerais semelhantes para os parâmetros analisados. Os machos apresentaram valores de eritrócitos (RBC), hematócrito e basófilos mais altos. As fêmeas apresentaram níveis mais elevados de eosinófilos que os machos. Os valores hematológicos aqui reportados servirão de referência para pesquisas sobre condições de saúde de populações de Artibeus lituratus em vida livre e de cativeiro, assim como para pesquisas sobre patógenos associados a esses morcegos.
Resumo
Documentamos el primer registro de consumo y dispersión de semillas de Solanum schlechtendalianum (Solanaceae) por el murciélago de charreteras de tierras altas (Sturnira ludovici). La ingesta representó el 13%, 4% y el 80% del contenido total de su dieta en tres diferentes localidades estudiadas. Mediante experimentos de germinación in situ, determinamos un porcentaje de germinación de 30% de un total de 80 semillas digeridas; esto sugiere que S. ludovici actuá como dispersor legítimo de S. schlechtendalianum.
Consumption and seed dispersion of Solanum schlechtendalianum (Solanaceae) by the fruit bat Sturnira ludovici (Phyllostomidae). We presented the first report of the consumption and seed dispersion of Solanum schlechtendalianum (Solanaceae) by the highland yellow-shouldered bat (Sturnira ludovici). Intake accounted for 13%, 4% and 80% of total diet respectively in three studied locations. In situ germination experiments had a 30% of the 80 digested seeds; suggesting that S. ludovici is acting as legitimate seed disperser of S. schlechtendalianum.