Minimally Invasive Approach to Renal Artery Using Different Types of Catheter by Conventional Radiology

Background: Several routes of administration have been used for cell and gene therapy delivery in kidney disease in the last years. Moreover, a more homogenous distribution and a higher response was observed when administered intra-arterially. The main objective of the present study was to describe and to compare the use of Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter with angiographic catheter through the femoral artery by using conventional radiology as a guide.Materials, Methods & Results: Seven healthy dogs were used in these experiments. First, a Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter was introduced followed by an angiographic catheter. The primary outcome was the number of attempts for the placement of the introducer and the number of radiographic studies to carry out nephrography. Preceding the surgical procedure, ultrasonographic evaluation was performed in all animals in order to measure the diameter of the left and right femoral arteries, left and right renal and abdominal aorta at the renal level. After trichotomy and antisepsis of the medial face of the two pelvic limbs, the 6F valve introducer was placed based on the modified Seldinger technique. Thereafter, aortography was performed, showing its collateral arteries, with contrast injection, and it was estimated how much of the Fogarty 5,5F catheter had to be introduced. Subsequently, a guidewire was inserted throu

Acesso minimamente invasivo da artéria renal com diferentes tipos de cateteres por radiologia convencional / Minimally invasive approach to renal artery using different types of catheter by conventional radiology

Background: Several routes of administration have been used for cell and gene therapy delivery in kidney disease in the last years. Moreover, a more homogenous distribution and a higher response was observed when administered intra-arterially. The main objective of the present study was to describe and to compare the use of Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter with angiographic catheter through the femoral artery by using conventional radiology as a guide.Materials, Methods & Results: Seven healthy dogs were used in these experiments. First, a Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter was introduced followed by an angiographic catheter. The primary outcome was the number of attempts for the placement of the introducer and the number of radiographic studies to carry out nephrography. Preceding the surgical procedure, ultrasonographic evaluation was performed in all animals in order to measure the diameter of the left and right femoral arteries, left and right renal and abdominal aorta at the renal level. After trichotomy and antisepsis of the medial face of the two pelvic limbs, the 6F valve introducer was placed based on the modified Seldinger technique. Thereafter, aortography was performed, showing its collateral arteries, with contrast injection, and it was estimated how much of the Fogarty 5,5F catheter had to be introduced. Subsequently, a guidewire was inserted through the catheter followed by the Fogarty catheter. Another x-ray was taken to show the position of the catheter. It was observed whether the catheter was positioned correctly and the cuff was filled, and then another contrasting radiograph was performed. If the contrast was not going to the kidneys, the cuff of the catheter was deflated, the catheter was repositioned and a new contrast radiography was performed.[...]

Acesso minimamente invasivo da artéria renal com diferentes tipos de cateteres por radiologia convencional / Minimally invasive approach to renal artery using different types of catheter by conventional radiology

Background: Several routes of administration have been used for cell and gene therapy delivery in kidney disease in the last years. Moreover, a more homogenous distribution and a higher response was observed when administered intra-arterially. The main objective of the present study was to describe and to compare the use of Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter with angiographic catheter through the femoral artery by using conventional radiology as a guide.Materials, Methods & Results: Seven healthy dogs were used in these experiments. First, a Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter was introduced followed by an angiographic catheter. The primary outcome was the number of attempts for the placement of the introducer and the number of radiographic studies to carry out nephrography. Preceding the surgical procedure, ultrasonographic evaluation was performed in all animals in order to measure the diameter of the left and right femoral arteries, left and right renal and abdominal aorta at the renal level. After trichotomy and antisepsis of the medial face of the two pelvic limbs, the 6F valve introducer was placed based on the modified Seldinger technique. Thereafter, aortography was performed, showing its collateral arteries, with contrast injection, and it was estimated how much of the Fogarty 5,5F catheter had to be introduced. Subsequently, a guidewire was inserted through the catheter followed by the Fogarty catheter. Another x-ray was taken to show the position of the catheter. It was observed whether the catheter was positioned correctly and the cuff was filled, and then another contrasting radiograph was performed. If the contrast was not going to the kidneys, the cuff of the catheter was deflated, the catheter was repositioned and a new contrast radiography was performed.[...](AU)

Vascularização arterial do membro pélvico do carcará (carcará plancus) e da garça-branca-grande (Ardea alba)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a vascularização arterial do membro pélvico entre carcará (Caracara plancus) e garça-branca-grande (Ardea alba) por meio da dissecação e de exames radiográficos. Foram utilizados cinco exemplares de carcarás, sendo três machos e duas fêmeas, e sete de garças-brancas-grandes, sendo cinco machos e duas fêmeas. Foi injetado uma solução de látex corado em vermelho com sulfato de bário no ventrículo esquerdo do coração das aves. Os membros pélvicos foram radiografados nas projeções ventrodorsal, dorsoplantar, mediolateral e lateromedial. Posteriomente, o material foi fixado em solução aquosa de formaldeído a 10% e dissecado. O suprimento arterial dos membros pélvicos do carcará e da garça-branca-grande foi proveniente principalmente da artéria isquiática. A artéria ilíaca externa representou a segunda fonte de irrigação do membro pélvico nestas aves. São descritos os principais ramos arteriais destas fontes de irrigação. Não se observaram diferenças em relação ao sexo em ambas as espécies. As artérias identificadas foram semelhantes ao reportado para a galinha. De acordo com os resultados deste estudo, sugere-se que o carcará apresente membro pélvico com mais ramificações arteriais e diâmetro arterial maior que o encontrado na garças-branca-grande, o que provavelmente esteja relacionado ao comportamento específico destas aves, já que o carcará é uma ave que exercita mais esses membros no campo, enquanto a garça-branca-grande permanence mais tempo parada espreitando suas presas.

The aim of this study was to compare the arterial vascularization of the pelvic limb between southern caracara (Caracara plancus) and great egret (Ardea alba) by dissection and radiographic examinations. Five specimens of caracaras were used, three males and two females, and seven great egrets, five males and two females. A red barium sulfate-stained latex solution was injected into the left ventricle of the birds' hearts. The pelvic limbs were radiographed in the ventrodorsal, dorsoplantar, mediolateral and lateromedial projections. Thereafter, the material was fixed in 10% aqueous formaldehyde solution and dissected. The blood supply of the pelvic limbs leaved the aorta through two great vessels, the ischiadic and external iliac arteries. The ischiadic artery was the principal artery of pelvic limbs in the caracara and great egret. Several branches arised from the ischiadic and external iliac arteries were described. No differences were observed in the arteries regarding sex in both species. The caracara and great egret showed arteries similar to those reported for the chicken. According to the results of this study, it is suggested that the caracara has a pelvic limb with more arterial branches and larger arterial diameter than the great egret, which is probably related to the specific behavior of these birds, since the caracara it is a bird that exercises more these limbs to capture its prey when compared with the great egret that stays longer stalking prey.

ARTERIOGRAFIA CEREBRAL EM GATO DOMÉSTICO BRASILEIRO (Felis silvestris catus)

A arteriografia é um exame radiográfico com a utilização de contraste para a visualização de estruturas que não poderiam ser identificadas na radiografia convencional. Para a vascularização encefálica ela é de grande importância principalmente para a identificação de lesões isquêmicas e hemorrágicas. Objetivou-se realizar a arteriografia encefálica em gatos e avaliar a eficácia da técnica de angiografia com o contraste ioxitalamato de meglumina para demonstrar o padrão angiográfico normal e contribuir no diagnóstico de alterações vasculares. Foram utilizados dez gatos adultos para a cateterização cirúrgica da artéria carótida comum direita e administração de 6,0ml de contraste sendo 3,0ml para realização da projeção latero-lateral direita e 3,0ml para projeção ventro-dorsal do crânio. Foram identificados na projeção látero-lateral direita a artéria cerebral média direita e na projeção ventro-dorsal as artérias carótida interna direita e artéria cerebral média direita. A função renal foi avaliada por mensuração da ureia e creatinina em três momentos (24 horas pré-operatório, 24 horas pós-operatório e sete dias de pós-operatório) não havendo diferença estatística entre os tempos (p-valor creatinina= 0,2831, p-valor ureia = 0,6848).

Arteriography is a radiographic examination using contrast to visualize structures that could not be identified on conventional radiography. For cerebral vasculature it is of great importance mainly for the identification of ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the angiography technique with the meglumine ioxitalamate test to demonstrate the normal angiographic pattern and to contribute to the diagnosis of vascular alterations. Ten adult cats were used for the surgical catheterization of the right common carotid artery and administration of 6.0 ml of contrast medium, 3.0 ml for the right lateral-lateral projection and 3.0 ml for the ventro-dorsal skull projection. The right middle cerebral artery was identified in the right lateral cerebral artery and in the ventro-dorsal projection the right internal carotid arteries and the right middle cerebral artery. Renal function was assessed by measuring urea and creatinine at three times (24 hours pre-operatively, 24 hours post-operatively and seven postoperative days). There was no statistical difference between the times (p-value creatinine = 0.2831 , p-value urea = 0.6848).

Minimally Invasive Approach to Renal Artery Using Different Types of Catheter by Conventional Radiology

Background: Several routes of administration have been used for cell and gene therapy delivery in kidney disease in the last years. Moreover, a more homogenous distribution and a higher response was observed when administered intra-arterially. The main objective of the present study was to describe and to compare the use of Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter with angiographic catheter through the femoral artery by using conventional radiology as a guide.Materials, Methods & Results: Seven healthy dogs were used in these experiments. First, a Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter was introduced followed by an angiographic catheter. The primary outcome was the number of attempts for the placement of the introducer and the number of radiographic studies to carry out nephrography. Preceding the surgical procedure, ultrasonographic evaluation was performed in all animals in order to measure the diameter of the left and right femoral arteries, left and right renal and abdominal aorta at the renal level. After trichotomy and antisepsis of the medial face of the two pelvic limbs, the 6F valve introducer was placed based on the modified Seldinger technique. Thereafter, aortography was performed, showing its collateral arteries, with contrast injection, and it was estimated how much of the Fogarty 5,5F catheter had to be introduced. Subsequently, a guidewire was inserted throu

Minimally Invasive Approach to Renal Artery Using Different Types of Catheter by Conventional Radiology

Background: Several routes of administration have been used for cell and gene therapy delivery in kidney disease in the last years. Moreover, a more homogenous distribution and a higher response was observed when administered intra-arterially. The main objective of the present study was to describe and to compare the use of Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter with angiographic catheter through the femoral artery by using conventional radiology as a guide.Materials, Methods & Results: Seven healthy dogs were used in these experiments. First, a Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter was introduced followed by an angiographic catheter. The primary outcome was the number of attempts for the placement of the introducer and the number of radiographic studies to carry out nephrography. Preceding the surgical procedure, ultrasonographic evaluation was performed in all animals in order to measure the diameter of the left and right femoral arteries, left and right renal and abdominal aorta at the renal level. After trichotomy and antisepsis of the medial face of the two pelvic limbs, the 6F valve introducer was placed based on the modified Seldinger technique. Thereafter, aortography was performed, showing its collateral arteries, with contrast injection, and it was estimated how much of the Fogarty 5,5F catheter had to be introduced. Subsequently, a guidewire was inserted throu

Minimally Invasive Approach to Renal Artery Using Different Types of Catheter by Conventional Radiology

Background: Several routes of administration have been used for cell and gene therapy delivery in kidney disease in the last years. Moreover, a more homogenous distribution and a higher response was observed when administered intra-arterially. The main objective of the present study was to describe and to compare the use of Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter with angiographic catheter through the femoral artery by using conventional radiology as a guide.Materials, Methods & Results: Seven healthy dogs were used in these experiments. First, a Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter was introduced followed by an angiographic catheter. The primary outcome was the number of attempts for the placement of the introducer and the number of radiographic studies to carry out nephrography. Preceding the surgical procedure, ultrasonographic evaluation was performed in all animals in order to measure the diameter of the left and right femoral arteries, left and right renal and abdominal aorta at the renal level. After trichotomy and antisepsis of the medial face of the two pelvic limbs, the 6F valve introducer was placed based on the modified Seldinger technique. Thereafter, aortography was performed, showing its collateral arteries, with contrast injection, and it was estimated how much of the Fogarty 5,5F catheter had to be introduced. Subsequently, a guidewire was inserted throu

Minimally Invasive Approach to Renal Artery Using Different Types of Catheter by Conventional Radiology

Background: Several routes of administration have been used for cell and gene therapy delivery in kidney disease in the last years. Moreover, a more homogenous distribution and a higher response was observed when administered intra-arterially. The main objective of the present study was to describe and to compare the use of Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter with angiographic catheter through the femoral artery by using conventional radiology as a guide.Materials, Methods & Results: Seven healthy dogs were used in these experiments. First, a Fogarty thru-lumen embolectomy catheter was introduced followed by an angiographic catheter. The primary outcome was the number of attempts for the placement of the introducer and the number of radiographic studies to carry out nephrography. Preceding the surgical procedure, ultrasonographic evaluation was performed in all animals in order to measure the diameter of the left and right femoral arteries, left and right renal and abdominal aorta at the renal level. After trichotomy and antisepsis of the medial face of the two pelvic limbs, the 6F valve introducer was placed based on the modified Seldinger technique. Thereafter, aortography was performed, showing its collateral arteries, with contrast injection, and it was estimated how much of the Fogarty 5,5F catheter had to be introduced. Subsequently, a guidewire was inserted throu