Ocorrência de neoplasias cutâneas em cães com dermatite actínica em um Hospital Veterinário Escola (HCV - UFRGS) / Occurrence of cutaneous neoplasia in dogs with actinic dermatitis in a Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital - UFRGS, Brazil

Background: Actinic dermatitis is an environmental skin disease resulting from excessive exposure to ultraviolet light irradiated by thesun. This phototoxic reaction affects dogs and cats, particularly with short hair and lightly pigmented skin, exposed to sun light. Primarylesions are typical from a sunburn and chronic exposure, and may induce to a premalignant lesion known as actinic keratosis, whichmay develop to neoplasms. The aim of the present study was to describe a retrospective study of actinic dermatitis and the occurrenceof cutaneous neoplasia in dogs presented to a Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (HCV/UFRGS) in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande doSul, Brazil in a period of 10 years.Materials, Methods & Results: A retrospective review of medical records from January 2009 to December 2019 was performed toidentify dogs with actinic dermatitis. Twenty-eight dogs were diagnosed based on a history of sun exposure and skin lesions includingerythema, scaling, comedones, thickened skin, hyperpigmentation, ulceration and/or secondary infections on poorly pigmented skin. Inaddition, in twelve dogs (42.8%) the disease was also confirmed by histopathology. Cutaneous lesions locations were previously definedas head, limbs, neck and trunk. The head was subdivided in chin, ears, face, lips and nasal plane; the limbs in pelvic and thoracic; andthe trunk, in abdomen, dorsal pelvis, perianal and thorax. All 28 dogs diagnosed with actinic dermatitis in the study had been chronically exposed to solar radiation and had light skin and coat. Dogs were between 3 and 20 years old, mean 7.6 years and median 7 years,mostly female dogs (64.3%) and neutered or spayed (64.3%). The most affected breeds were American Pitbull Terrier (35.7%) andBoxers (28.5%). Other breeds were Bull Terrier, Dalmatian, Dogo Argentino and Scottish Terrier...

Ocorrência de neoplasias cutâneas em cães com dermatite actínica em um Hospital Veterinário Escola (HCV - UFRGS) / Occurrence of cutaneous neoplasia in dogs with actinic dermatitis in a Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital - UFRGS, Brazil

Background: Actinic dermatitis is an environmental skin disease resulting from excessive exposure to ultraviolet light irradiated by thesun. This phototoxic reaction affects dogs and cats, particularly with short hair and lightly pigmented skin, exposed to sun light. Primarylesions are typical from a sunburn and chronic exposure, and may induce to a premalignant lesion known as actinic keratosis, whichmay develop to neoplasms. The aim of the present study was to describe a retrospective study of actinic dermatitis and the occurrenceof cutaneous neoplasia in dogs presented to a Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (HCV/UFRGS) in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande doSul, Brazil in a period of 10 years.Materials, Methods & Results: A retrospective review of medical records from January 2009 to December 2019 was performed toidentify dogs with actinic dermatitis. Twenty-eight dogs were diagnosed based on a history of sun exposure and skin lesions includingerythema, scaling, comedones, thickened skin, hyperpigmentation, ulceration and/or secondary infections on poorly pigmented skin. Inaddition, in twelve dogs (42.8%) the disease was also confirmed by histopathology. Cutaneous lesions locations were previously definedas head, limbs, neck and trunk. The head was subdivided in chin, ears, face, lips and nasal plane; the limbs in pelvic and thoracic; andthe trunk, in abdomen, dorsal pelvis, perianal and thorax. All 28 dogs diagnosed with actinic dermatitis in the study had been chronically exposed to solar radiation and had light skin and coat. Dogs were between 3 and 20 years old, mean 7.6 years and median 7 years,mostly female dogs (64.3%) and neutered or spayed (64.3%). The most affected breeds were American Pitbull Terrier (35.7%) andBoxers (28.5%). Other breeds were Bull Terrier, Dalmatian, Dogo Argentino and Scottish Terrier...(AU)

Black hair follicular dysplasia in a fox paulistinha dog: clinical and histopathological features / Displasia folicular do pelo preto em um cão Fox paulistinha–características clínicas e histopatológicas

Black hair follicular dysplasia (BHFD) is an unusual canine skin disorder defined as alopecia confined to black regions of the hair coat. First clinical abnormalities are usually noted around four weeks of age and comprise fracture of hair shafts in black-coated regions, later resulting in partial alopecia, usually, on the head, ear pinnae, neck, and back, whereas some nonblack-coated areas may exhibit normal hair. The diagnosis is confirmed by histopathologic features. This article aims to report a case of black hair follicular dysplasia in a seven-month-old Fox Paulistinha male dog showing alopecia restricted to black-haired areas, in which diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological exams that showed follicular dysplasia associated with melanic accumulation in the hair shaft and in and deep dermal tissue.

A displasia folicular do cabelo preto (BHFD) é uma doença incomum da pele canina definida como alopecia confinada a regiões de pelo preto. As primeiras anormalidades clínicas são geralmente notadas em torno de quatro semanas de idade e compreendem fratura dos pelos em regiões cobertas de pelagem preta, resultando posteriormente em alopecia parcial, geralmente, na cabeça, orelha, pescoço e dorso, enquanto algumas áreas cobertas por pelos que não são pretos, podem ser normais. O diagnóstico é confirmado por características histopatológicas. Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de displasia folicular do pelo preto em um cão macho Fox Paulistinha de sete meses de idade mostrando alopecia restrita a áreas de pelos pretos, em que o diagnóstico foi confirmado por exames histopatológicos que mostraram displasia folicular associada ao acúmulo melânico no folículo piloso e no tecido dérmico profundo.

Black hair follicular dysplasia in a fox paulistinha dog: clinical and histopathological features / Displasia folicular do pelo preto em um cão Fox paulistinha–características clínicas e histopatológicas

Black hair follicular dysplasia (BHFD) is an unusual canine skin disorder defined as alopecia confined to black regions of the hair coat. First clinical abnormalities are usually noted around four weeks of age and comprise fracture of hair shafts in black-coated regions, later resulting in partial alopecia, usually, on the head, ear pinnae, neck, and back, whereas some nonblack-coated areas may exhibit normal hair. The diagnosis is confirmed by histopathologic features. This article aims to report a case of black hair follicular dysplasia in a seven-month-old Fox Paulistinha male dog showing alopecia restricted to black-haired areas, in which diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological exams that showed follicular dysplasia associated with melanic accumulation in the hair shaft and in and deep dermal tissue.

A displasia folicular do cabelo preto (BHFD) é uma doença incomum da pele canina definida como alopecia confinada a regiões de pelo preto. As primeiras anormalidades clínicas são geralmente notadas em torno de quatro semanas de idade e compreendem fratura dos pelos em regiões cobertas de pelagem preta, resultando posteriormente em alopecia parcial, geralmente, na cabeça, orelha, pescoço e dorso, enquanto algumas áreas cobertas por pelos que não são pretos, podem ser normais. O diagnóstico é confirmado por características histopatológicas. Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de displasia folicular do pelo preto em um cão macho Fox Paulistinha de sete meses de idade mostrando alopecia restrita a áreas de pelos pretos, em que o diagnóstico foi confirmado por exames histopatológicos que mostraram displasia folicular associada ao acúmulo melânico no folículo piloso e no tecido dérmico profundo.(AU)

Furunculose eosinofílica canina / Canine eosinophilic furunculosis

Background: The eosinophilic furunculosis is an uncommon skin disease that affects young dogs aged between two and five years. Sex predilections are not noted. Most reported cases have been in large breeds with abundant access to the outdoors like public gardens and parks. The exact pathogenesis remains unknown but the pattern of lesions development suggests involvement reaction to insect bites and arthropods. The time between contact with the agent and the appearance of lesions is short, often less than 24 h. The skin lesions appear suddenly in the face, usually on the dorsal muzzle and/ or periocular region, pinnae and lips. More rarely on the trunk, chest and legs and it is characterized by predominantly hemorrhagic ulcers with edema. Pustules, nodules and plaques rapidly fistulate and drain serosanguinous exudates. Pruritus is variable, but may be severe. Severely affected dogs may be febrile, lethargic and anoretic. Peripheral blood eosinophilia is seen in the majority of cases. Clinical differential diagnosis include demodicosis, dermatophytosis, nasal deep bacterial folliculitis and furunculosis, pemphigus foliaceus, pemphigus erythematosus and drug reactions. None of these diseases share the fulminant rapid onset of eosinophilic furunculosis. The diagnosis is based on history, clinical signs, cytology and skin biopsies. The treatment involves oral steroids until complete remission of lesions and the antibiotic therapy is indicated in cases of associated bacterial infection. Case: The patient was a 4-year-old, male Pit Bull dog attended in a small animal clinic in Niteroi-Rio de Janeiro, which presented ulcerated, exudative lesions on the dorsal muzzle and right leg. After sedation, clinical examination was performed and an exudate was collected from the ulcerated skin lesion for cytopathological analysis .The slide containing the lesion impression was stained by a quick panoptic method. In order to collect samples, the dog was sedated with a combination of ketamine hydrochloride and acepromazine and a skin fragment was collected from the nasal bridge lesion with a 6 mm punch after local anesthesia with 2% lidocaine hydrochloride. The specimen was fixed in 10% buffered formalin and sent for histopathological analysis. The cytopathological exam revealed a marked eosinophilic inflammation. Histopathological examination revealed ulcerated skin. The epidermis was moderately acanthotic with mild espongiosis and the dermis was characterized by intense eosinophilic folliculocentric inflammations. An extensive folicular rupture, eosinophilic mural foliculitis were presented and PAS staining did not identify fungal structures. Oral prednisone (2 mg/Kg) at 24h intervals was prescribed until complete remission of the lesions. After fifteen days of glucocorticoids therapy, involution of the skin lesions was observed by physical examination and was also reported by the owner. Discussion: The eosinophilic furunculosis is an acute, severe predominantly facial disease of outdoor dogs, which occurrence is rare. The diagnosis and treatment of this disease are frequently neglected because they are not included in the differential diagnosis of diverse cutaneous infections. In view of the scarcity of reports and to alert veterinarians that the disease should be included in the differential diagnosis with other bacterial diseases, this report described a case of canine eosinophilic furunculosis.

Canine eosinophilic furunculosis / Furunculose eosinofílica canina

Background: The eosinophilic furunculosis is an uncommon skin disease that affects young dogs aged between two and five years. Sex predilections are not noted. Most reported cases have been in large breeds with abundant access to the outdoors like public gardens and parks. The exact pathogenesis remains unknown but the pattern of lesions development suggests involvement reaction to insect bites and arthropods. The time between contact with the agent and the appearance of lesions is short, often less than 24 h. The skin lesions appear suddenly in the face, usually on the dorsal muzzle and/ or periocular region, pinnae and lips. More rarely on the trunk, chest and legs and it is characterized by predominantly hemorrhagic ulcers with edema. Pustules, nodules and plaques rapidly fistulate and drain serosanguinous exudates. Pruritus is variable, but may be severe. Severely affected dogs may be febrile, lethargic and anoretic. Peripheral blood eosinophilia is seen in the majority of cases. Clinical differential diagnosis include demodicosis, dermatophytosis, nasal deep bacterial folliculitis and furunculosis, pemphigus foliaceus, pemphigus erythematosus and drug reactions. None of these diseases share the fulminant rapid onset of eosinophilic furunculosis. The diagnosis is based on history, clinical signs, cytology and skin biopsies. The treatment involves oral steroids until complet

Background: The eosinophilic furunculosis is an uncommon skin disease that affects young dogs aged between two and five years. Sex predilections are not noted. Most reported cases have been in large breeds with abundant access to the outdoors like public gardens and parks. The exact pathogenesis remains unknown but the pattern of lesions development suggests involvement reaction to insect bites and arthropods. The time between contact with the agent and the appearance of lesions is short, often less than 24 h. The skin lesions appear suddenly in the face, usually on the dorsal muzzle and/ or periocular region, pinnae and lips. More rarely on the trunk, chest and legs and it is characterized by predominantly hemorrhagic ulcers with edema. Pustules, nodules and plaques rapidly fistulate and drain serosanguinous exudates. Pruritus is variable, but may be severe. Severely affected dogs may be febrile, lethargic and anoretic. Peripheral blood eosinophilia is seen in the majority of cases. Clinical differential diagnosis include demodicosis, dermatophytosis, nasal deep bacterial folliculitis and furunculosis, pemphigus foliaceus, pemphigus erythematosus and drug reactions. None of these diseases share the fulminant rapid onset of eosinophilic furunculosis. The diagnosis is based on history, clinical signs, cytology and skin biopsies. The treatment involves oral steroids until complet

Pênfigo Foliáceo em felino: relato de caso / Pemphigus Foliaceus in a feline: case report / Pénfigo Foliáceo en un gato: report de un caso

As dermatopatias estão entre as afecções mais comuns na rotina clínica veterinária. As dermatoses autoimunes em felinos são consideradas raras e dentre elas, o pênfigo foliáceo é o de maior incidência na espécie. Por não ser comum muitas vezes acaba não sendo uma suspeita durante a busca pelo diagnóstico, que é concluído somente após os achados histológicos. O tratamento com glucocorticoides pode ser efetivo, no entanto, estudos revelaram cerca de 35 a 50% de sucesso. O objetivo deste artigo foi apresentar o caso de um felino diagnosticado com pênfigo foliáceo e que obteve remissão completa das lesões após 30 dias de monoterapia com prednisolona na dose de 1mg/kg/dia. A dose foi reduzida gradualmente e não houve recidiva nem foram observadas reações adversas do uso de glucocorticoides até o presente momento.(AU)

The skin diseases are among the most common conditions in veterinary clinic routine. Feline autoimmune dermatoses are considered rare and among them, pemphigus foliaceus is the most prevalent in cats. Once it is unusual, the pemphigus is not always a suspect during the search for diagnosis, which is only completed after the histological findings. The glucocorticoids may be effective, however, have been reported about 35 to 50% of success. The aim of this research was to report a case of pemphigus foliaceus in a cat that achieved complete remission of the lesions after 30 days using prednisolone as monotherapy at 1 mg/kg/day. The dose was gradually reduced and adverse effects of glucocorticoids use or recurrence not occurred to date.(AU)

Las enfermedades de la piel son extremadamente comunes en la rutina clínica veterinaria. Enfermedades autoinmunes de la piel en gatos domésticos son considerados raros, entre ellos, el pénfigo foliáceo es el más frecuente en la especie. Por qué no es común frecuente termina no siendo un sospechoso durante la búsqueda de diagnóstico, que se concluye después de exámenes histológicos. Los glucocorticoides pueden ser eficaces, sin embargo, los estudios han revelado aproximadamente de 30 a 50% de éxito. el objetivo de este trabajo es exponer el caso de un gato con diagnóstico de pénfigo foliáceo y logró éxito con la remisión total de las lesiones después de 30 días de monoterapia con prednisolona a una dosis de 1 mg/kg. La dosis se redujo gradualmente y las reacciones adversas por el uso de glucocorticoides no ha vuelto a aparecer y no observado hasta la fecha.(AU)

Pênfigo Foliáceo em felino: relato de caso / Pemphigus Foliaceus in a feline: case report / Pénfigo Foliáceo en un gato: report de un caso

As dermatopatias estão entre as afecções mais comuns na rotina clínica veterinária. As dermatoses autoimunes em felinos são consideradas raras e dentre elas, o pênfigo foliáceo é o de maior incidência na espécie. Por não ser comum muitas vezes acaba não sendo uma suspeita durante a busca pelo diagnóstico, que é concluído somente após os achados histológicos. O tratamento com glucocorticoides pode ser efetivo, no entanto, estudos revelaram cerca de 35 a 50% de sucesso. O objetivo deste artigo foi apresentar o caso de um felino diagnosticado com pênfigo foliáceo e que obteve remissão completa das lesões após 30 dias de monoterapia com prednisolona na dose de 1mg/kg/dia. A dose foi reduzida gradualmente e não houve recidiva nem foram observadas reações adversas do uso de glucocorticoides até o presente momento.

The skin diseases are among the most common conditions in veterinary clinic routine. Feline autoimmune dermatoses are considered rare and among them, pemphigus foliaceus is the most prevalent in cats. Once it is unusual, the pemphigus is not always a suspect during the search for diagnosis, which is only completed after the histological findings. The glucocorticoids may be effective, however, have been reported about 35 to 50% of success. The aim of this research was to report a case of pemphigus foliaceus in a cat that achieved complete remission of the lesions after 30 days using prednisolone as monotherapy at 1 mg/kg/day. The dose was gradually reduced and adverse effects of glucocorticoids use or recurrence not occurred to date.

Las enfermedades de la piel son extremadamente comunes en la rutina clínica veterinaria. Enfermedades autoinmunes de la piel en gatos domésticos son considerados raros, entre ellos, el pénfigo foliáceo es el más frecuente en la especie. Por qué no es común frecuente termina no siendo un sospechoso durante la búsqueda de diagnóstico, que se concluye después de exámenes histológicos. Los glucocorticoides pueden ser eficaces, sin embargo, los estudios han revelado aproximadamente de 30 a 50% de éxito. el objetivo de este trabajo es exponer el caso de un gato con diagnóstico de pénfigo foliáceo y logró éxito con la remisión total de las lesiones después de 30 días de monoterapia con prednisolona a una dosis de 1 mg/kg. La dosis se redujo gradualmente y las reacciones adversas por el uso de glucocorticoides no ha vuelto a aparecer y no observado hasta la fecha.

Nevi and cutaneous hamartomas in dogs: retrospective clinical and epidemiologic study of 81 cases

In a period of eight years, nevic lesions were diagnosed in 81 cases. Fibroadnexal hamartoma (FH) occurred in 53 animals (65.4%), and it was clinically characterized by firm nodules located mainly on the limbs and digits. No sexual predisposition was present. Mongrels, Boxers and Cocker Spaniels were the breeds most affected by FH. The average age at which lesions appeared was 6.3 years. The collagenous nevi was the second most prevalent lesion, occurring in 18 dogs (22.2%). The lesions were usually single, alopecic and hyperpigmented. The main affected places were the dorso and limbs. The average age at which lesions appeared was 4.7 years. Mongrels, Rottweilers and Labradors were the breeds most affected by the collagenous nevi. Nodular dermatofibrosis was diagnosed in one dog. In this dog, multiple collagenous nevi were present alongside unilateral papillary renal cystadenoma. Sebaceous, follicule-apocrine and fibrolipomatous nevi were less frequently found (10 cases - 12.3%).

As lesões névicas foram diagnosticadas em 81 casos, em um período de oito anos. O Hamartoma fibroanexial (HF) ocorreu em 53 animais (65,43%) e caracterizou-se clinicamente por lesões nodulares, geralmente firmes, localizadas predominantemente nos membros e dígitos. Não houve predileção sexual. Os animais mestiços e os das raças Boxer e Cocker Spaniel foram os mais acometidos pelo HF. A idade média de aparecimento das lesões foi de 6,3 anos. O nevo colágeno foi a segunda lesão mais prevalente, ocorrendo em 18 cães (22,2%). As lesões foram, em geral, únicas, alopécicas e hiperpigmentadas, localizadas em sua maioria no tronco, no dorso e nos membros. A idade média de aparecimento das lesões foi de 4,7 anos. Os animais mestiços e os das raças Rottweiler e Labrador Retriever foram os mais acometidos. Em um dos cães, diagnosticou-se dermatofibrose nodular, onde foram observados múltiplos nevos colágenos em associação com cistadenoma renal papilar unilateral. Os demais tipos de nevos (sebáceo, folículo-apócrino, folicular e fibrolipomatoso) ocorreram com menor frequência (10 casos - 12,3%) dos casos.

Nevi and cutaneous hamartomas in dogs: retrospective clinical and epidemiologic study of 81 cases

In a period of eight years, nevic lesions were diagnosed in 81 cases. Fibroadnexal hamartoma (FH) occurred in 53 animals (65.4%), and it was clinically characterized by firm nodules located mainly on the limbs and digits. No sexual predisposition was present. Mongrels, Boxers and Cocker Spaniels were the breeds most affected by FH. The average age at which lesions appeared was 6.3 years. The collagenous nevi was the second most prevalent lesion, occurring in 18 dogs (22.2%). The lesions were usually single, alopecic and hyperpigmented. The main affected places were the dorso and limbs. The average age at which lesions appeared was 4.7 years. Mongrels, Rottweilers and Labradors were the breeds most affected by the collagenous nevi. Nodular dermatofibrosis was diagnosed in one dog. In this dog, multiple collagenous nevi were present alongside unilateral papillary renal cystadenoma. Sebaceous, follicule-apocrine and fibrolipomatous nevi were less frequently found (10 cases - 12.3%).

As lesões névicas foram diagnosticadas em 81 casos, em um período de oito anos. O Hamartoma fibroanexial (HF) ocorreu em 53 animais (65,43%) e caracterizou-se clinicamente por lesões nodulares, geralmente firmes, localizadas predominantemente nos membros e dígitos. Não houve predileção sexual. Os animais mestiços e os das raças Boxer e Cocker Spaniel foram os mais acometidos pelo HF. A idade média de aparecimento das lesões foi de 6,3 anos. O nevo colágeno foi a segunda lesão mais prevalente, ocorrendo em 18 cães (22,2%). As lesões foram, em geral, únicas, alopécicas e hiperpigmentadas, localizadas em sua maioria no tronco, no dorso e nos membros. A idade média de aparecimento das lesões foi de 4,7 anos. Os animais mestiços e os das raças Rottweiler e Labrador Retriever foram os mais acometidos. Em um dos cães, diagnosticou-se dermatofibrose nodular, onde foram observados múltiplos nevos colágenos em associação com cistadenoma renal papilar unilateral. Os demais tipos de nevos (sebáceo, folículo-apócrino, folicular e fibrolipomatoso) ocorreram com menor frequência (10 casos - 12,3%) dos casos.

Squamous cell carcinoma (Bowens disease) in situ in three cats / Carcinoma espinocelular in situ (doença de Bowen) em três gatos

Três casos de carcinoma multicêntrico in situ de células escamosas (doença de Bowen) são descritos na espécie felina. As neoplasias ocorreram em gatos idosos e acometeram a região pré-auricular, cervical, abdominal e flancos. Um gato apresentou lesão única e os demais apresentaram lesões multifocais, que se caracterizaram por placas que variavam de hiperceratóticas a verruco-crostosas e eram hiperpigmentadas. Algumas eram ulceradas, com fissuras que sangravam facilmente. Histologicamente, as células neoplásicas encontravam-se confinadas à epiderme e aos folículos pilosos, sem o envolvimento da membrana basal. Em um dos casos houve melhora significativa das lesões após terapia oral com acitretina.(AU)

Pênfigo foliáceo em felinos - relato de três casos / Pemphigus foliaceus in felines - three cases report

O pênfigo foliáceo é uma dermatopatia auto-imune de rara ocorrência na clínica dermatológica felina que acomete gatos adultos a idosos, sem predileção sexual e racial. O diagnóstico é realizado pelo histórico, exame clínico e histopatológico cutâneo. O tratamento consiste no uso de doses imunosupressoras de glicocorticóidesorais e em casos onde este não oferece resultados satisfatórios, o clorambucil pode ser utilizado. O uso daprednisolona na dosagem de 4 mg/kg a cada 24 horas foi eficaz em dois dos casos aqui descritos, sendo essamedicação preconizada na manutenção desses animais. No caso refratário ao tratamento com a prednisolona,instituiu-se o uso da dexametasona (0,2 mg/kg a cada 24 horas) e posteriormente o protocolo terapêutico com o clorambucil (0,1 mg/kg a cada 24 horas),ambos demonstrando pobre resposta terapêutica. O uso do deflazacort na dosagem de 0,3 mg/kg a cada 24 horas foi preconizado com excelente resposta terapêutica neste caso. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de relatar três casos de pênfigo foliáceo em felinos pela rara ocorrência da doença no Brasil, ressaltando a importância do exame clínico-dermatológico, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento. (AU)

Pemphigus foliaceus is an auto-immune skin disease of rare occurrence in feline dermatology practice that affects middle-aged and older cats. Sex and breed predilections are not noted. The diagnosis is based on the history, clinical examination and histopathology of skin biopsies. The treatment involves oral immunosuppressivedoses of corticosteroids and in cases where it does not give satisfactory results, chlorambucil may be used. The prednisolone use in dosage of 0.2 mg/kg every 24 hours was effective in two of the described cases being successful in the maintenance of these animals. When treating the disease with prednisolone, the dexamethasone dosage was 0.2 mg/kg every 24 hours and afterwards chlorambucil at 0.1 mg/kg every 24 hours, both of them showed poor therapeutic response. The use of deflazacort in dosage of 0.3 mg/kg at 24 hours was successful with excellent therapeutic response. The purpose of the current work is to relate three pemphigus foliaceus cases in felines, a disease which rarely occurs in Brazil. We highlight the importance of the clinical-dermatologic examination, the precocious diagnosis and the treatment. (AU)

Pênfigo foliáceo em felinos - relato de três casos / Pemphigus foliaceus in felines - three cases report

O pênfigo foliáceo é uma dermatopatia auto-imune de rara ocorrência na clínica dermatológica felina que acomete gatos adultos a idosos, sem predileção sexual e racial. O diagnóstico é realizado pelo histórico, exame clínico e histopatológico cutâneo. O tratamento consiste no uso de doses imunosupressoras de glicocorticóidesorais e em casos onde este não oferece resultados satisfatórios, o clorambucil pode ser utilizado. O uso daprednisolona na dosagem de 4 mg/kg a cada 24 horas foi eficaz em dois dos casos aqui descritos, sendo essamedicação preconizada na manutenção desses animais. No caso refratário ao tratamento com a prednisolona,instituiu-se o uso da dexametasona (0,2 mg/kg a cada 24 horas) e posteriormente o protocolo terapêutico com o clorambucil (0,1 mg/kg a cada 24 horas),ambos demonstrando pobre resposta terapêutica. O uso do deflazacort na dosagem de 0,3 mg/kg a cada 24 horas foi preconizado com excelente resposta terapêutica neste caso. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de relatar três casos de pênfigo foliáceo em felinos pela rara ocorrência da doença no Brasil, ressaltando a importância do exame clínico-dermatológico, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento.

Pemphigus foliaceus is an auto-immune skin disease of rare occurrence in feline dermatology practice that affects middle-aged and older cats. Sex and breed predilections are not noted. The diagnosis is based on the history, clinical examination and histopathology of skin biopsies. The treatment involves oral immunosuppressivedoses of corticosteroids and in cases where it does not give satisfactory results, chlorambucil may be used. The prednisolone use in dosage of 0.2 mg/kg every 24 hours was effective in two of the described cases being successful in the maintenance of these animals. When treating the disease with prednisolone, the dexamethasone dosage was 0.2 mg/kg every 24 hours and afterwards chlorambucil at 0.1 mg/kg every 24 hours, both of them showed poor therapeutic response. The use of deflazacort in dosage of 0.3 mg/kg at 24 hours was successful with excellent therapeutic response. The purpose of the current work is to relate three pemphigus foliaceus cases in felines, a disease which rarely occurs in Brazil. We highlight the importance of the clinical-dermatologic examination, the precocious diagnosis and the treatment.

Homeopatia e dermatoses por lambedura: estudo clínico

Foi realizado estudo clínico do atendimento de 56 cães e 21 gatos com diagnóstico de dermatose por lambedura, tratadoshomeopaticamente, no período de 1995 a 1999, no Serviço de Dermatologia do Departamento de Clínica Médica da FMVZ -USP, a fim de se caracterizar o perfil psicossomático destes animais. A caracterização epidemiológica e comportamentalrevelou como principais características o porte dos cães (a maioria acima de vinte quilos), e a intensa necessidade decompanhia humana e de afagos. Ao contrário do disposto na literatura, a limitação de espaço não foi uma variável significativana ocorrência da doença. Houve sucesso com o protocolo terapêutico homeopático adotado, pois se obteve total cicatrizaçãoe recobrimento piloso completo das áreas lesadas em 74% dos caninos e 89% dos felinos. Os medicamentos homeopáticosprescritos com maior freqüência foram Pulsatilla e Lachesis para os cães e Arsenicum e Phosphorus para os gatos, de acordocom as características avaliadas.

Homeopatia e dermatoses por lambedura: estudo clínico

Foi realizado estudo clínico do atendimento de 56 cães e 21 gatos com diagnóstico de dermatose por lambedura, tratadoshomeopaticamente, no período de 1995 a 1999, no Serviço de Dermatologia do Departamento de Clínica Médica da FMVZ -USP, a fim de se caracterizar o perfil psicossomático destes animais. A caracterização epidemiológica e comportamentalrevelou como principais características o porte dos cães (a maioria acima de vinte quilos), e a intensa necessidade decompanhia humana e de afagos. Ao contrário do disposto na literatura, a limitação de espaço não foi uma variável significativana ocorrência da doença. Houve sucesso com o protocolo terapêutico homeopático adotado, pois se obteve total cicatrizaçãoe recobrimento piloso completo das áreas lesadas em 74% dos caninos e 89% dos felinos. Os medicamentos homeopáticosprescritos com maior freqüência foram Pulsatilla e Lachesis para os cães e Arsenicum e Phosphorus para os gatos, de acordocom as características avaliadas.

Canine eosinophilic furunculosis / Furunculose eosinofílica canina

Background: The eosinophilic furunculosis is an uncommon skin disease that affects young dogs aged between two and five years. Sex predilections are not noted. Most reported cases have been in large breeds with abundant access to the outdoors like public gardens and parks. The exact pathogenesis remains unknown but the pattern of lesions development suggests involvement reaction to insect bites and arthropods. The time between contact with the agent and the appearance of lesions is short, often less than 24 h. The skin lesions appear suddenly in the face, usually on the dorsal muzzle and/ or periocular region, pinnae and lips. More rarely on the trunk, chest and legs and it is characterized by predominantly hemorrhagic ulcers with edema. Pustules, nodules and plaques rapidly fistulate and drain serosanguinous exudates. Pruritus is variable, but may be severe. Severely affected dogs may be febrile, lethargic and anoretic. Peripheral blood eosinophilia is seen in the majority of cases. Clinical differential diagnosis include demodicosis, dermatophytosis, nasal deep bacterial folliculitis and furunculosis, pemphigus foliaceus, pemphigus erythematosus and drug reactions. None of these diseases share the fulminant rapid onset of eosinophilic furunculosis. The diagnosis is based on history, clinical signs, cytology and skin biopsies. The treatment involves oral steroids until complet

Background: The eosinophilic furunculosis is an uncommon skin disease that affects young dogs aged between two and five years. Sex predilections are not noted. Most reported cases have been in large breeds with abundant access to the outdoors like public gardens and parks. The exact pathogenesis remains unknown but the pattern of lesions development suggests involvement reaction to insect bites and arthropods. The time between contact with the agent and the appearance of lesions is short, often less than 24 h. The skin lesions appear suddenly in the face, usually on the dorsal muzzle and/ or periocular region, pinnae and lips. More rarely on the trunk, chest and legs and it is characterized by predominantly hemorrhagic ulcers with edema. Pustules, nodules and plaques rapidly fistulate and drain serosanguinous exudates. Pruritus is variable, but may be severe. Severely affected dogs may be febrile, lethargic and anoretic. Peripheral blood eosinophilia is seen in the majority of cases. Clinical differential diagnosis include demodicosis, dermatophytosis, nasal deep bacterial folliculitis and furunculosis, pemphigus foliaceus, pemphigus erythematosus and drug reactions. None of these diseases share the fulminant rapid onset of eosinophilic furunculosis. The diagnosis is based on history, clinical signs, cytology and skin biopsies. The treatment involves oral steroids until complet

Parasitismo por Sarcoptes scabiei De Geer, 1778 e Lobalges trouessarti Fonseca, 1954 em Bradypus variegatus (preguiça)

Skin scrapings of three sloths Bradypus variegatus from the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, were analysed after lactophenol clarification. The mites Sarcoptes scabiei De Geer, 1778 and Lobalges trouessarti Fonseca, 1954 were identified. For the first time, S. scabiei and L. trouessarti are recorded as mange agents in B. variegatus.

Actualidades en tratamientos utilizados en dermatopatías en perros - revisión / Treatments for dermatopathies in dogs - A review / Atualidades em tratamentos utilizados em dermatopatias de cães - revisão

Las alteraciones dermatológicas en perros necesitan, además de un diagnóstico correcto, el uso de drogas que posean eficacia y produzcan pocos efectos colaterales. Por lo tanto, en esta revisión, presentaremos informaciones sobre las drogas que se están utilizando en dermatosis parasitarias, fúngicas y bacterianas más comunes en la actividad diaria de la clínica veterinaria.

Besides having a correct diagnosis, efficient drugs with few side effects need to be used in dermatological disorders of dogs. As a result, this review updates the information available on the drugs presently used in the parasitic, fungal and bacterial dermatosis most commonly found in veterinary practice.

As alterações dermatológicas em cães necessitam, além de um diagnóstico correto, da utilização de drogas que possuam eficácia e tragam poucos efeitos colaterais. Portanto, nesta revisão, apresentaremos informações a respeito de drogas que vêm sendo utilizadas em dermatoses parasitárias, fúngicas e bacterianas mais comuns no dia-a-dia da clínica veterinária.

Actualidades en tratamientos utilizados en dermatopatías en perros - revisión / Treatments for dermatopathies in dogs - A review / Atualidades em tratamentos utilizados em dermatopatias de cães - revisão

Las alteraciones dermatológicas en perros necesitan, además de un diagnóstico correcto, el uso de drogas que posean eficacia y produzcan pocos efectos colaterales. Por lo tanto, en esta revisión, presentaremos informaciones sobre las drogas que se están utilizando en dermatosis parasitarias, fúngicas y bacterianas más comunes en la actividad diaria de la clínica veterinaria.

Besides having a correct diagnosis, efficient drugs with few side effects need to be used in dermatological disorders of dogs. As a result, this review updates the information available on the drugs presently used in the parasitic, fungal and bacterial dermatosis most commonly found in veterinary practice.

As alterações dermatológicas em cães necessitam, além de um diagnóstico correto, da utilização de drogas que possuam eficácia e tragam poucos efeitos colaterais. Portanto, nesta revisão, apresentaremos informações a respeito de drogas que vêm sendo utilizadas em dermatoses parasitárias, fúngicas e bacterianas mais comuns no dia-a-dia da clínica veterinária.

Identificação e perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos de Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolados de piodermite canina

BOURGUIGNON, Elisa, M. Sc., Universidade Federal de Viçosa, fevereiro, 2012. Identificação e Perfil de Resistência a Antimicrobianos de Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolados de Piodermite Canina. Orientador: Lissandro Gonçalves Conceição. As piodermites são uma das afecções dermatológicas mais comumente encontradas nos cães sendo que o Staphylococcus pseudintermedius é a bactéria mais frequentemente isolada das lesões. Durante os últimos anos uma das maiores preocupações na dermatologia veterinária tem sido o crescente número de isolados de Staphylococcus spp. resistentes a meticilina ou seja, resistentes a vários antimicrobianos utilizados na clínica dermatológica. As infecções por estas bactérias resistentes são uma causa importante de morbidade em animais de companhia e podem ser fonte de transmissão para humanos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho rever a literatura acerca de Staphylococcus pseudintermedius e sobre a resistência nestas bactérias. Também foram objetivos isolar e identificar através de testes bioquímicos e de biologia molecular as bactérias causadoras da piodermite canina, determinando o perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos comumente utilizados para esta afecção através de antibiograma e da presença do gene de resistência, mecA. Dos 25 animais selecionados para o estudo foram obtidos 75 isolados bacterianos. Ao todo, 97,3% dos isolados avaliados pelos testes fenotípicos convencionais e pelo Kit API Staph e 96% dos avaliados pelo PCR Foram identificados como Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Dos 72 isolados submetidos ao PCR para a identificação do gene mecA apenas quatro não apresentaram o gene de resistência. O presente estudo alerta para o alto número de Staphylococcus pseudintermedius resistentes no Brasil e para a necessidade de se realizar antibiogramas a fim de determinar a melhor abordagem terapêutica, evitando o aparecimento de bactérias multi resistentes. ABSTRACT BOURGUIGNON, Elisa, M. Sc., Universidade Federal de Viçosa, February, 2012. Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance profile of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolated from Canine Pyoderma. Adviser: Lissandro Gonçalves Conceição. Pyoderma is one of the most common skin disorders in dogs and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the bacterium that is most often isolated from lesions. During recent years a major concern in veterinary dermatology has been the increasing number of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus spp. isolates, that are resistant to several antimicrobials used in dermatological clinic. Infections caused by these resistant bacteria are a major cause of morbidity in pets and can be a source of transmission to humans. The objectives of this work are to review the literature on Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and the resistance in these bacteria. It is also to isolate and identify through biochemical and molecular biology tests, bacteria that causes canine pyoderma, determining their resistance profile to antimicrobials commonly used for this condition by antimicrobial susceptibility test and by the presence of the resistance gene, mecA. Seventy five bacterial isolates were obtained from the 25 animals selected to this study. A total of 97.3% of the isolates submitted to conventional phenotypic tests and API Staph Kit and 96% of those submitted to PCR were identified as Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Of the 72 isolates submitted to PCR for the identification of the mecA gene, only four did not have this resistance gene. Th