Resumo
Background: The success of fixed-time artifi cial insemination (FTAI) is linked to several factors that affect pregnancy rates. The use of different hormones, estrus expression and body condition score (BCS) are variables that can infl uence the results of the technique. The increased production of calves provides greater amount of steers to slaughter. The productive intensifi cation of the beef cows breeding depends on factors related to reproductive technique used and the physiological conditioning of animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of GnRH, estrus manifestation, re-use of progesterone intravaginal devices and BCS on pregnancy rates of cows subjected to FTAI.Materials, Methods & Results: Were analyzed the effects of GnRH injection and re-use of intravaginal device, estrus manifestation and body condition score (BCS) on reproductive performance of 222 Montana beef cows subjected to fixedtime artifi cial insemination (FTAI). The FTAI protocol was based on the placement of intravaginal progesterone device (1st, 2nd or 3rd use) and application of estradiol benzoate (E.B.) (2 mg) on day 0. On day 8 was applied sodium cloprostenol (500 µg), removed the intravaginal device and performed the separation of calves. On day 9 was applied E.B. (1 mg) and started the observation of estrus in the morning, afternoon and morning of day 10
Background: The success of fixed-time artifi cial insemination (FTAI) is linked to several factors that affect pregnancy rates. The use of different hormones, estrus expression and body condition score (BCS) are variables that can infl uence the results of the technique. The increased production of calves provides greater amount of steers to slaughter. The productive intensifi cation of the beef cows breeding depends on factors related to reproductive technique used and the physiological conditioning of animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of GnRH, estrus manifestation, re-use of progesterone intravaginal devices and BCS on pregnancy rates of cows subjected to FTAI.Materials, Methods & Results: Were analyzed the effects of GnRH injection and re-use of intravaginal device, estrus manifestation and body condition score (BCS) on reproductive performance of 222 Montana beef cows subjected to fixedtime artifi cial insemination (FTAI). The FTAI protocol was based on the placement of intravaginal progesterone device (1st, 2nd or 3rd use) and application of estradiol benzoate (E.B.) (2 mg) on day 0. On day 8 was applied sodium cloprostenol (500 µg), removed the intravaginal device and performed the separation of calves. On day 9 was applied E.B. (1 mg) and started the observation of estrus in the morning, afternoon and morning of day 10
Resumo
Se analizaron cuarenta pares de ovarios de hembras adultas de Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Schweigger 1812), para establecer los cambios morfológicos mensuales producidos durante un año. Se llevaron a cabo exámenes macroscópicos de los oviductos y de los ovarios de especímenes que los habitantes ribereños del municipio de Barcelos, Amazonas, Brasil, utilizaron para su consumo, usando metodológicamente la medida del diámetro y conteo de los folículos ováricos y de los cuerpos lúteos. Los resultados muestran la presencia gradual de folículos acorde con la época reproductiva, resaltando que durante el último tercio del proceso, justo antes de la postura se hacen más evidentes; se analiza la relación existente entre el tamaño de la hembra y la masa ovárica, la cual es estadísticamente significativa (F (10,29)=3,655, p 0,05). Se hace evidente la existencia de una jerarquía ovario folicular que demuestra que para esta especie solo es posible fisiológicamente una postura por año.
Forty pairs of ovaries of mature female Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Schweigger 1812) were analyzed, to establish the morphologic monthly changes that take place during one year; we examined macroscopically the oviducts and the ovaries of specimens that the riverside inhabitants of the municipality of Barcelos, Amazons, Brazil, used for their consumption. We measured the diameter and recorded the number of enlarged ovarian follicles and corpora lutea. The results show the gradual enlargement of follicles in agreement with the reproductive period, observing that during the last third of the process; just before oviposition they become more evident. The positive relationship between the size of the female and the ovarian mass, is statistically significant (F (10.29)=3.655, p 0.05). Follicullar sizes suggest that this species nests only once a year.
Resumo
A larvicultura é uma das fases mais importantes no cultivo de peixes, sendo responsável pela obtenção de animais em quantidade e qualidade para a produção. A variedade GIFT originou-se de rigoroso processo de seleção genética, apresentando rusticidade e excelente desempenho produtivo. Atualmente, a utilização de levedura íntegra, autolisada e seus derivados são recomendados para comporem rações para organismos aquáticos. A partir do exposto, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho produtivo, composição bromatológica e efetividade da masculinização de alevinos de tilápia do Nilo, variedade GIFT. A pesquisa foi realizada no laboratório de tilapicultura do Centro de Aquicultura da Universidade Estadual Paulista (CAUNESP), Jaboticabal-SP. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualisado, composto por cinco tratamentos: 1,0 e 2,0% de levedura íntegra ou autolisada, além de um tratamento controle (ausente de suplementação de levedura), com quatro repetições. Os peixes foram alimentados cinco vezes ao dia, por 30 dias, sendo as dietas isoprotéicas, isoenergéticas e isoaminoacídicas para lisina, metionina, treonina e triptofano. Avaliou-se consumo de ração, biomassa final, peso e comprimento final, fator de condição corporal e sobrevivência; além da efetividade da masculinização e teores de matéria seca, matéria mineral e proteína bruta da carcaça. A suplementação
Resumo
Background: The success of fixed-time artifi cial insemination (FTAI) is linked to several factors that affect pregnancy rates. The use of different hormones, estrus expression and body condition score (BCS) are variables that can infl uence the results of the technique. The increased production of calves provides greater amount of steers to slaughter. The productive intensifi cation of the beef cows breeding depends on factors related to reproductive technique used and the physiological conditioning of animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of GnRH, estrus manifestation, re-use of progesterone intravaginal devices and BCS on pregnancy rates of cows subjected to FTAI.Materials, Methods & Results: Were analyzed the effects of GnRH injection and re-use of intravaginal device, estrus manifestation and body condition score (BCS) on reproductive performance of 222 Montana beef cows subjected to fixedtime artifi cial insemination (FTAI). The FTAI protocol was based on the placement of intravaginal progesterone device (1st, 2nd or 3rd use) and application of estradiol benzoate (E.B.) (2 mg) on day 0. On day 8 was applied sodium cloprostenol (500 µg), removed the intravaginal device and performed the separation of calves. On day 9 was applied E.B. (1 mg) and started the observation of estrus in the morning, afternoon and morning of day 10
Background: The success of fixed-time artifi cial insemination (FTAI) is linked to several factors that affect pregnancy rates. The use of different hormones, estrus expression and body condition score (BCS) are variables that can infl uence the results of the technique. The increased production of calves provides greater amount of steers to slaughter. The productive intensifi cation of the beef cows breeding depends on factors related to reproductive technique used and the physiological conditioning of animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of GnRH, estrus manifestation, re-use of progesterone intravaginal devices and BCS on pregnancy rates of cows subjected to FTAI.Materials, Methods & Results: Were analyzed the effects of GnRH injection and re-use of intravaginal device, estrus manifestation and body condition score (BCS) on reproductive performance of 222 Montana beef cows subjected to fixedtime artifi cial insemination (FTAI). The FTAI protocol was based on the placement of intravaginal progesterone device (1st, 2nd or 3rd use) and application of estradiol benzoate (E.B.) (2 mg) on day 0. On day 8 was applied sodium cloprostenol (500 µg), removed the intravaginal device and performed the separation of calves. On day 9 was applied E.B. (1 mg) and started the observation of estrus in the morning, afternoon and morning of day 10