Reconstrução prepucial com uso de enxerto combinado em cães / Preputial reconstruction combined with graft in dogs

Background: Preputial injuries are significant in the clinical routine. Traumas, conditions, and mass excision result in extensive and full-thickness defects that lead to chronic penile exposure and consequential injuries. Severe injuries may require preputial reconstructive surgery to restore function and aesthetics. The objective is to report the use of the preputial reconstruction technique using the caudal superficial epigastric axial standard flap associated with a single-stage, full-thickness oral mucosa graft in 3 dogs where the loss of the prepuce was significant. Cases: Three dogs were admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of UFMT with preputial lesions of different etiologies. All cases were referred for preventive reconstruction using a flap in the caudal axial epigastric pattern associated with a single-stage oral mucosa graft. In the 3 reported cases, changes that compromised surgical success, such as suture dehiscence, necrosis, or infection, were not observed during hospitalization. Cutaneous stitch dehiscence, however, was observed in all 3 cases. Dog 1. A small point of dehiscence and tissue necrosis was found and treated with chemical debridement and healed by second intention, which proved to be sufficient on the 30th day. Dog 2. A half-moon rotation flap was performed, which closed the defect. Dog 3. A new procedure using the reporting theme technique was necessary in order to cover the cranial portion of the foreskin. The dehiscence present in dogs 2 and 3 was significant. Flap retraction was observed in all 3 cases. In dogs 1 and 3, the retraction was slight, and the exposure of a small portion of the penile glans were observed, showing no changes that required intervention. In dog 2, retraction was important, leading to partial stenosis of the preputial ostium. A larger ostium was obtained by suturing the mucosa to the edge of the wedge. Considering the possibility of adhesion formation, "captons" were made in sterile silicone tubes, and sutures were placed in the dorsal and ventral aspects to prevent adherence of the oral mucosa graft located on the inside of the new foreskin. The captons were removed on the tenth post-operative day, revealing a good opening of the preputial orifice and adequate penile exposure. Discussion: The absence of a foreskin caused by trauma or surgical excision leads to chronic penile exposure, dryness, and ulcerations. The simple covering of the skin with an axial-type flap of the caudal superficial epigastric region tends to fail since only the graft edges are sutured into the abdominal skin. In these circumstances, the subcutaneous region on the penis is exposed and comes in direct contact with urine and the penile mucosa, causing the flap skin to grow to exacerbated retraction. The transplantation of a free-lip mucosa graft allows the subcutaneous region of the transposed skin flap to create adhesions in the fenestrated regions of the lip tissue through the formation of granulation tissue buds, which is performed in a single stage. The permanence of the penis protects the lower urinary system from the occurrence of infections relative to what is normally observed in cases where partial or total penile amputation is practiced in combination with adjunctive scrotal urethrostomy. Given the observations of the 3 cases described here, the technique of pre-facial reconstruction with an axial skin flap of the caudal superficial epigastric region, combined with free-labial mucosa graft, was found to be feasible for the single-stage foreskin technique, but that paraphimosis remanagement may be necessary when cutaneous portions of the penile skin caudal to the glans are removed.

A clinical trial and oral wound treated by essential oil of Lippia sidoides mouthrinse in horses

Background: Frequently the equine oral cavity is target of dental alterations, irregular wear of the dentition, tartar accumulation, gums inflammation, and other oral mucosa lesions. Therapeutically, active plants have been proposed to actpreventively against oral infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate a mouthrinse prepared with Lippia sidoidesCham. essential oil in equine dental diseases and oral wound healing treatment.Materials, Methods & Results: The experimental protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Use of Animals(CEUA) of the State University of Ceara (UECE), n° 1158255-0/75. Mouthrinse was prepared with essential oil extractedfrom leaves of L. sidoides (EOLS). Thymol was the main constituent of the oil, up to 70%. Horses were chosen basedon clinical and oral examination. Dental calculus and gingivitis grade from incisor and canine teeth were scored duringevaluation. Two groups were used; OELS group (n = 10), and control group (n = 6), treated with mouthwash without EO(MR). A surgical scar (0.5 x 2 cm) was made near tooth 106 with the animals sedated. The lesions were observed on days 0(D0), 3 (D3), 7 (D7), and 14 (D14) after treatment that was applied once in 48 h for 14 days. Recovery of oral mucosa was,blindly, evaluated in tissue samples. EOLS treatment reduced teeth calculus scores from D0 to D14 (P ≤ 0.05). In relationto histological parameters, EOLS treatment induced discreet proliferation of fibroblasts and a moderated inflammation onD3; moderated proliferation of fibroblasts and moderated inflammation, intense angiogenesis and re-epithelization on D7,and intense fibroblast proliferation, intense angiogenesis, and reduced inflammation with complete...(AU)

A clinical trial and oral wound treated by essential oil of Lippia sidoides mouthrinse in horses

Background: Frequently the equine oral cavity is target of dental alterations, irregular wear of the dentition, tartar accumulation, gums inflammation, and other oral mucosa lesions. Therapeutically, active plants have been proposed to actpreventively against oral infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate a mouthrinse prepared with Lippia sidoidesCham. essential oil in equine dental diseases and oral wound healing treatment.Materials, Methods & Results: The experimental protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Use of Animals(CEUA) of the State University of Ceara (UECE), n° 1158255-0/75. Mouthrinse was prepared with essential oil extractedfrom leaves of L. sidoides (EOLS). Thymol was the main constituent of the oil, up to 70%. Horses were chosen basedon clinical and oral examination. Dental calculus and gingivitis grade from incisor and canine teeth were scored duringevaluation. Two groups were used; OELS group (n = 10), and control group (n = 6), treated with mouthwash without EO(MR). A surgical scar (0.5 x 2 cm) was made near tooth 106 with the animals sedated. The lesions were observed on days 0(D0), 3 (D3), 7 (D7), and 14 (D14) after treatment that was applied once in 48 h for 14 days. Recovery of oral mucosa was,blindly, evaluated in tissue samples. EOLS treatment reduced teeth calculus scores from D0 to D14 (P ≤ 0.05). In relationto histological parameters, EOLS treatment induced discreet proliferation of fibroblasts and a moderated inflammation onD3; moderated proliferation of fibroblasts and moderated inflammation, intense angiogenesis and re-epithelization on D7,and intense fibroblast proliferation, intense angiogenesis, and reduced inflammation with complete...

Human T-Lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type I in vivo integration in oral keratinocytes

Although the infection of HTLV-1 to cell components of the mouth have been previously reported, there was not until this report, a detailed study to show the characteristics of such infection. From 14 Tropical Spastic Paraparesis/ HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy (HAM/TSP) patients and 11 asymptomatic carrier individuals (AC) coming from HTLV-1 endemic areas of southwest Pacific of Colombia, infected oral mucosa cells were primary cultured during five days. These cell cultures were immunophenotyped by dual color fluorescence cell assortment using different lymphocyte CD markers and also were immunohistochemically processed using a polyclonal anti-keratin antibody. Five days old primary cultures were characterized as oral keratinocytes, whose phenotype was CD3- /CD4-/CD8-/CD19-/CD14-/CD45-/A575-keratin+. From DNA extracted of primary cultures LTR, pol, env and tax HTLV-1 proviral DNA regions were differentially amplified by PCR showing proviral integration. Using poly A+ RNA obtained of these primary cultures, we amplify by RT-PCR cDNA of tax and pol in 57.14% (8/14) HAM/TSP patients and 27.28% (3/11) AC. Tax and pol poly A+ RNA were expressed only in those sIgA positive subjects. Our results showed that proviral integration and viral gene expression in oral keratinocytes are associated with a HTLV-1 specific local mucosal immune response only in those HTLV-1 infected individuals with detectable levels of sIgA in their oral fluids. Altogether the results gave strong evidence that oral mucosa infection would be parte of the systemic spreading of HTLV-1 infection.

Antifungal suscepitibility profile of candida spp. oral isolates obtained from denture wearers

Denture stomatitis is an inflammatory condition that occurs in denture wearers and is frequently associated with Candida yeasts. Antifungal susceptibility profiles have been extensively evaluated for candidiasis patients or immunosupressed individuals, but not for healthy Candida carriers. In the present study, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, terbinafine and 5-flucytosin were tested against 109 oral Candida spp. isolates. All antifungal agents were effective against the samples tested except for terbinafine. This work might provide epidemiological information about Candida spp. drug susceptibility in oral healthy individuals.

A estomatite protética é uma condição inflamatória que ocorre em usuários de prótese total e está frequentemente associada a leveduras do gênero Candida, Os perfis de suscetibilidade a antifúngicos têm sido extensivamente estudados em pacientes com candidíase ou em indivíduos imunossuprimidos, mas não em portadores sadios de Candida. No presente estudo, fluconazol, itraconazol, voriconazol, terbinafina e 5-flucitosina foram testados contra 109 isolados orais de Candida spp. Todos os agentes antifúngicos mostraram-se eficazes contra as amostras avaliadas, exceto a Terbinafina. O presente trabalho pode fornecer dados epidemiológicos com relação à susceptibilidade a antifúngicos de Candida spp em indivíduos com saúde oral.

Low prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus in normal oral mucosa by hybrid capture 2

High risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are recognized as a necessary factor to development cervical cancer. During the last decade many studies have found HR-HPV in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal oral mucosa, however the association between HR-HPV and OSCC is still uncertain. The aim of the study was to determine DNA HR-HPV in normal oral cavity of healthy adults. A cross-sectional study was performed; samples from 77 patients with normal oral cavity were collected at the Dentistry school, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, México. HR-HPV was detected by hybrid capture 2. One sample out of 77(1.2%) was positive for HR-PVH. It was from a man of 50 years old. HR-HPV is present in low rate among healthy oral mucosa. Hybrid capture 2 could be a good methodology for large epidemiology studies.

Papilomavírus humano de alto risco (HR-HPV) é um fator reconhecido como necessário para o desenvolvimento de câncer cervical. Na última década vários estudos encontraram HR-HPV em OSCC (oral squamous cell carcinoma) e em mucosa oral normal, mas a associação entre HR-HPV e OSCC não é bem conhecida. O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar DNA de HR-HPV na cavidade oral normal de adultos saudáveis. Realizou-se um estudo cross-sectional com amostras da cavidade oral normal de 77 pacientes da Escola de Odontologia da Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, México. HR-HPV foi detectado através de Captura Híbrida 2. Uma amostra em 77 (1,2%) foi positiva para HR-PVH e era proveniente de um homem de 50 anos de idade. Concluiu-se que HR-HPV tem baixa prevalência na mucosa oral normal e a Captura Híbrida 2 pode ser um método adequado para estudos epidemiológicos.

Repercussões morfológicas dos efeitos da subnutrição protéica pré e pós-natal e da renutrição pós-natal sobre a mucosa palatina de ratos Wistar na fase púbere: avaliações morfométricas e da expressão do IGF-I e IGF-IR e da insulina e seu receptor / Morphologic repercussions of the protein malnutrition pre and postnatal and postnatal refeeding on the palatal mucosa of Wistar rats in the pubescent phase: structural evaluations and the expressions of the IGF-I and IGF-IR, Insulin and your receptor

Atualmente reagrupou-se sob o nome de subnutrição calórico-protéica uma série de afecções de carência antigamente descritas com diversos nomes e que tinham uma etiologia comum, a insuficiência alimentar, acarretando, ao mesmo tempo um emagrecimento e um esgotamento progressivo do estoque de proteínas do organismo. A partir de alterações na quantidade e qualidades dos alimentos ingeridos, o organismo busca regular seu metabolismo visando atingir a homeostase, na qual os hormônios desempenham papel fundamental. Dessa maneira, a desnutrição protéica e a secreção de insulina foram aqui correlacionados na avaliação morfológica e funcional do epitélio oral, representando, respectivamente, grave alteração nutricional (à semelhança da que acomete a população, especialmente, de países subdesenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento) e resposta produzida pela alteração do metabolismo energético das células. Os fatores de crescimento insulino-símile tipos 1 e 2 (IGF-I e IGF-II) são os principais fatores endócrinos determinantes do crescimento fetal. A maioria das ações conhecidas do IGF-I é mediada via um receptor tirosina-quinase, conhecido como IGF-IR. Recentemente, a insensibilidade ao IGF-I foi identificada como uma das causas de retardo de crescimento sem recuperação espontânea do desenvolvimento na vida pós-natal. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de estudar, através de métodos morfométricos, na mucosa palatina de ratos Wistar na fase púbere submetidos à desnutrição protéica pré e pós-natal e a renutrição pós-natal, o padrão celular e o componente colágeno da lâmina própria, bem como a expressão do IGF-I, do IGF-IR e da insulina e seu receptor, no intuito de encontrar possível correspondência entre as alterações metabólicas e morfofuncionais, decorrentes da depleção protéica. Para tanto, foram formados os seguintes grupos experimentais constituídos por animais heterogênicos (n=3) de acordo com a ração oferecida, protéica ou hipoprotéica: nutridos (N) e desnutridos (D) com 60 dias de idade, por ser essa a fase do final do período púbere, e renutridos (R), formado por animais do grupo D que, a partir do 21º dia (época do desmame) foram submetidos à ração protéica até atingirem 60 dias de idade. Os espécimes foram processados rotineiramente para microscopia de luz (HE, Azo-carmin e Pircro-sírius) e para imunohistoquímica (IGF-I, IGF-IR e insulina e seu receptor) e os dados morfoquantitativos analisados estatisticamente. Os resultados demonstraram que os parâmetros metabólicos tais como: alimentar, massa corporal, excreção de fezes, urina e ingestão de água, diferiram em todos os grupos semana após semana (S1≠S2≠S3≠S4≠S5≠S6). A densidade de células epiteliais fora constatada pelo método de coloração H.E. e imunomarcadas com insulina e IGF-I e seus respectivos receptores. A subnutrição determinou...

Currently it has been grouped and named protein-caloric under nutrition a series of deficiency described in the past under several denominations with similar etiology, the food deficiency which leads simultaneously to a weight loss and progressive decrease of protein storage in the body. From the changes in the quantity and quality of ingested food, the organism tries to regulate its metabolism in order to homeostasis, in which the hormones play a fundamental role. This way, the protein under nutrition and the insulin secretion were here correlated in the morphological and functional evaluation of the oral epithelium representing high nutritional change (similarly to one which affect people specially from under developed countries) and response produced by changes in the energetic metabolism of the cells respectively. The grown factors insuline-símile type 1 and 2 (IGF-I and IGF-II) are the principal endocrine factors which determine the fetal growth. Many known actions of the IGF-I are mediated via tyrosine-kinase receptor known as IGF-IR. Recently, the insensibility to IGF-I was identified as one of the reason for the regrowth without abrupt recovery of the development in the post-natal life. Therefore, the present work aims to study, the cellular standard and the collagen of lamina propria, as well as the expression of the IGF-I, of the IGF-IR and the insulin and its receptor, using morphometric methods in the palatine mucosa of wistar rats in the pubertal phase subject to protein under nutrition pre and post natal and post-natal re-feeding with the objective of finding possible association between metabolic and morph functional changes coming from protein depletion. For this purpose, the following experimental groups were formed: heterogenic animals (n=3) according to the diet offered protein or hyperprotein diet: nourished (N) and undernourished (D) with 60 days of age (finish of pubertal phase), and re-nourished (R), formed by animals of D group that, from the 21st day (weaning day) were subject to protein diet up to 60 days of age. The specimens were processed routinely for light microscopy (HE, Azo-carmin and Pircro-sírius) and for immunohistochemistry (IGF-I, IGF-IR and insulin and its receptor) and the morph quantitative data statistically analyzed. The results demonstrate that the metabolic parameters such as: food, body mass, feces excretion, urine and water ingestion differ in all groups weekly (S1≠S2≠S3≠S4≠S5≠S6). The density of epithelial was observed by HE method and immune-marked with insulin and IGF-I and their respective receptors. The under nutrition determined a significant increase of the cells reacting to insulin (I) and its receptor (IR) in relation to re-nourished and nourished groups (I: S ≠R; p<0.05) and (IR: S≠N; S≠R; p<0.05). No significant increase of immune...

Repercussões morfológicas dos efeitos da subnutrição protéica pré e pós-natal e da renutrição pós-natal sobre a mucosa palatina de ratos Wistar na fase púbere: avaliações morfométricas e da expressão do IGF-I e IGF-IR e da insulina e seu receptor / Morphologic repercussions of the protein malnutrition pre and postnatal and postnatal refeeding on the palatal mucosa of Wistar rats in the pubescent phase: structural evaluations and the expressions of the IGF-I and IGF-IR, Insulin and your receptor

Atualmente reagrupou-se sob o nome de subnutrição calórico-protéica uma série de afecções de carência antigamente descritas com diversos nomes e que tinham uma etiologia comum, a insuficiência alimentar, acarretando, ao mesmo tempo um emagrecimento e um esgotamento progressivo do estoque de proteínas do organismo. A partir de alterações na quantidade e qualidades dos alimentos ingeridos, o organismo busca regular seu metabolismo visando atingir a homeostase, na qual os hormônios desempenham papel fundamental. Dessa maneira, a desnutrição protéica e a secreção de insulina foram aqui correlacionados na avaliação morfológica e funcional do epitélio oral, representando, respectivamente, grave alteração nutricional (à semelhança da que acomete a população, especialmente, de países subdesenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento) e resposta produzida pela alteração do metabolismo energético das células. Os fatores de crescimento insulino-símile tipos 1 e 2 (IGF-I e IGF-II) são os principais fatores endócrinos determinantes do crescimento fetal. A maioria das ações conhecidas do IGF-I é mediada via um receptor tirosina-quinase, conhecido como IGF-IR. Recentemente, a insensibilidade ao IGF-I foi identificada como uma das causas de retardo de crescimento sem recuperação espontânea do desenvolvimento na vida pós-natal. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de estudar, através de métodos morfométricos, na mucosa palatina de ratos Wistar na fase púbere submetidos à desnutrição protéica pré e pós-natal e a renutrição pós-natal, o padrão celular e o componente colágeno da lâmina própria, bem como a expressão do IGF-I, do IGF-IR e da insulina e seu receptor, no intuito de encontrar possível correspondência entre as alterações metabólicas e morfofuncionais, decorrentes da depleção protéica. Para tanto, foram formados os seguintes grupos experimentais constituídos por animais heterogênicos (n=3) de acordo com a ração oferecida, protéica ou hipoprotéica: nutridos (N) e desnutridos (D) com 60 dias de idade, por ser essa a fase do final do período púbere, e renutridos (R), formado por animais do grupo D que, a partir do 21º dia (época do desmame) foram submetidos à ração protéica até atingirem 60 dias de idade. Os espécimes foram processados rotineiramente para microscopia de luz (HE, Azo-carmin e Pircro-sírius) e para imunohistoquímica (IGF-I, IGF-IR e insulina e seu receptor) e os dados morfoquantitativos analisados estatisticamente. Os resultados demonstraram que os parâmetros metabólicos tais como: alimentar, massa corporal, excreção de fezes, urina e ingestão de água, diferiram em todos os grupos semana após semana (S1≠S2≠S3≠S4≠S5≠S6). A densidade de células epiteliais fora constatada pelo método de coloração H.E. e imunomarcadas com insulina e IGF-I e seus respectivos receptores. A subnutrição determinou... (AU)

Currently it has been grouped and named protein-caloric under nutrition a series of deficiency described in the past under several denominations with similar etiology, the food deficiency which leads simultaneously to a weight loss and progressive decrease of protein storage in the body. From the changes in the quantity and quality of ingested food, the organism tries to regulate its metabolism in order to homeostasis, in which the hormones play a fundamental role. This way, the protein under nutrition and the insulin secretion were here correlated in the morphological and functional evaluation of the oral epithelium representing high nutritional change (similarly to one which affect people specially from under developed countries) and response produced by changes in the energetic metabolism of the cells respectively. The grown factors insuline-símile type 1 and 2 (IGF-I and IGF-II) are the principal endocrine factors which determine the fetal growth. Many known actions of the IGF-I are mediated via tyrosine-kinase receptor known as IGF-IR. Recently, the insensibility to IGF-I was identified as one of the reason for the regrowth without abrupt recovery of the development in the post-natal life. Therefore, the present work aims to study, the cellular standard and the collagen of lamina propria, as well as the expression of the IGF-I, of the IGF-IR and the insulin and its receptor, using morphometric methods in the palatine mucosa of wistar rats in the pubertal phase subject to protein under nutrition pre and post natal and post-natal re-feeding with the objective of finding possible association between metabolic and morph functional changes coming from protein depletion. For this purpose, the following experimental groups were formed: heterogenic animals (n=3) according to the diet offered protein or hyperprotein diet: nourished (N) and undernourished (D) with 60 days of age (finish of pubertal phase), and re-nourished (R), formed by animals of D group that, from the 21st day (weaning day) were subject to protein diet up to 60 days of age. The specimens were processed routinely for light microscopy (HE, Azo-carmin and Pircro-sírius) and for immunohistochemistry (IGF-I, IGF-IR and insulin and its receptor) and the morph quantitative data statistically analyzed. The results demonstrate that the metabolic parameters such as: food, body mass, feces excretion, urine and water ingestion differ in all groups weekly (S1≠S2≠S3≠S4≠S5≠S6). The density of epithelial was observed by HE method and immune-marked with insulin and IGF-I and their respective receptors. The under nutrition determined a significant increase of the cells reacting to insulin (I) and its receptor (IR) in relation to re-nourished and nourished groups (I: S ≠R; p<0.05) and (IR: S≠N; S≠R; p<0.05). No significant increase of immune... (AU)