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1.
Rev. bras. zootec ; 51: e20210172, 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1442883

Resumo

We examined the effect of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets for late gestating sows on sow and litter performance, colostrum chemical composition, and sow behavior. Sixty gestating sows of 3.77±1.65 parity were divided into three groups of 20 animals, in a randomized block design with 0 (corn-soybean meal diet), 150, or 300 g kg−1 DDGS from 84 days of gestation until farrowing. Sows fed 300 g kg−1 DDGS presented a lower frequency of standing position and eating activity. The lying lateral position was more frequent in the first 40 min post-feeding for sows fed the highest DDGS level. There was no effect of diets on sow and litter performance; however, DDGS inclusion tended to increase lactation feed intake. Inclusion of DDGS was inclined to produce more lactose and less protein in colostrum, but did not affect colostrum fat, total solids, and ash contents. Inclusion of up to 300 g kg−1 DDGS in the diet of late gestation sows does not change sow and litter performance and colostrum composition compared with corn-soybean meal diets, but it favored animal welfare.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Suínos/fisiologia , Colostro/fisiologia , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Grão Comestível/fisiologia
2.
Acta Sci. Anim. Sci. ; 43: e52074, ago. 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-32104

Resumo

The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of 50% broken rice (BR) in diets for meat quail from 1 to 35 days old, starting at different ages. A total of 875 mixed quail were allocated to five treatments in a completely randomized design with five replicates of 35 birds. The treatments consisted of a maize- and soybean meal-based control diet and four other similar diets in which the inclusion of 50% BR was started at different ages, namely, 1st, 8th, 15th and 22nd days. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion and mortality rate were evaluated weekly. At 35 days, 10 quail per plot were weighed and selected to be slaughtered for evaluations of live weight, carcass yield and gizzard yield. Lastly, a study of economic viability was carried out. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was detected for the performance parameters, live weight or carcass yield, but a higher gizzard yield was found (p < 0.05) in the treatment without BR. The inclusion of BR from the first day of life provided better economic viability. Diets with a maximum inclusion of 50% BR can be formulated for meat quail at any age.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Coturnix/metabolismo , Ração Animal/análise , Oryza
3.
Acta sci., Anim. sci ; 43: e52074, 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1459965

Resumo

The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of 50% broken rice (BR) in diets for meat quail from 1 to 35 days old, starting at different ages. A total of 875 mixed quail were allocated to five treatments in a completely randomized design with five replicates of 35 birds. The treatments consisted of a maize- and soybean meal-based control diet and four other similar diets in which the inclusion of 50% BR was started at different ages, namely, 1st, 8th, 15th and 22nd days. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion and mortality rate were evaluated weekly. At 35 days, 10 quail per plot were weighed and selected to be slaughtered for evaluations of live weight, carcass yield and gizzard yield. Lastly, a study of economic viability was carried out. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was detected for the performance parameters, live weight or carcass yield, but a higher gizzard yield was found (p < 0.05) in the treatment without BR. The inclusion of BR from the first day of life provided better economic viability. Diets with a maximum inclusion of 50% BR can be formulated for meat quail at any age.


Assuntos
Animais , Coturnix/metabolismo , Oryza , Ração Animal/análise
4.
R. bras. Ci. avíc. ; 22(1): eRBCA-2019-1189, 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-29287

Resumo

This study evaluated the performance, egg quality, relative weight of the gastrointestinal organs, and the intestinal morphometry of laying quails fed diets containing levels of dried cassava residue (DCR). A total of 120 150-day-old Japanese quails were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments (0.0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5; and 10.0% of DCR), four replicates, and six birds per experimental unit. The dietary inclusion of DCR did not affect (p>0.05) performance, internal egg quality, yolk color, and the values of villus height, crypt depth, and villus height/crypt depth ratio for the segments of the small intestine. However, a linear increase (p 0.05) was found for eggshell thickness, relative weight of the gizzard, and small intestine with increased dietary levels of the residue. For the relative weight of the pancreas, a quadratic effect (p 0.05) was observed, with the lower relative weight estimated at 4.04% DCR inclusion. Comparing to the control group (0% of DRC inclusion) the quails fed 5% of DRC showed a lower relative weight of the pancreas. The inclusion of up to 10% of dried cassava residue in laying quails diets does not interfere with the performance. Among the organs of gastrointestinal tract, the inclusion of dried cassava residue increased the relative weight of gizzard and small intestine. In addition, it improves eggshell quality by increasing eggshell thickness.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Coturnix/metabolismo , Ração Animal/análise , Manihot , Fibras na Dieta
5.
Rev. bras. ciênc. avic ; 22(1): eRBCA, 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1490744

Resumo

This study evaluated the performance, egg quality, relative weight of the gastrointestinal organs, and the intestinal morphometry of laying quails fed diets containing levels of dried cassava residue (DCR). A total of 120 150-day-old Japanese quails were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments (0.0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5; and 10.0% of DCR), four replicates, and six birds per experimental unit. The dietary inclusion of DCR did not affect (p>0.05) performance, internal egg quality, yolk color, and the values of villus height, crypt depth, and villus height/crypt depth ratio for the segments of the small intestine. However, a linear increase (p 0.05) was found for eggshell thickness, relative weight of the gizzard, and small intestine with increased dietary levels of the residue. For the relative weight of the pancreas, a quadratic effect (p 0.05) was observed, with the lower relative weight estimated at 4.04% DCR inclusion. Comparing to the control group (0% of DRC inclusion) the quails fed 5% of DRC showed a lower relative weight of the pancreas. The inclusion of up to 10% of dried cassava residue in laying quails diets does not interfere with the performance. Among the organs of gastrointestinal tract, the inclusion of dried cassava residue increased the relative weight of gizzard and small intestine. In addition, it improves eggshell quality by increasing eggshell thickness.


Assuntos
Animais , Coturnix/metabolismo , Fibras na Dieta , Manihot , Ração Animal/análise
6.
Ciênc. anim. bras. (Impr.) ; 21: e, 23 mar. 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1473760

Resumo

Two trials were conducted: (1) to determine the chemical composition, digestibility of nutrients and energy of cashew nut meal (CNM); and (2) to evaluate the effects of increasing its levels (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) in diets for growing rabbits on performance, carcass characteristics and economic evaluation. The digestibility assay utilized 24 rabbits (55 days of age), distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments and 12 repetitions, with one reference and another test feed composed of 70% basal diet and 30% CNM. The digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy from CNM were, respectively, 76.61, 61.71 and 56.53%. The digestible dry matter, digestible protein and digestible energy were, respectively, 74.28, 16.97 and 3,549 kcal/kg. The performance assay utilized 120 rabbits, with an average of 45 days of age and weight 1090 ± 151g, distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and 10 repetitions with two rabbits of the same sex per cage. The inclusion of CNM above 5% promoted a linear reduction in feed intake and improved feed conversion, without affecting weight gain and carcass characteristics to the 20% level of inclusion. There was also a linear reduction in feed cost per kilogram of weight gain and linear improvement in rates of economic efficiency and cost index up to 25% CNM inclusion. Based on these findings - and to not hurt performance - it is recommended to include up to 20% CNM in rabbits' diet.


Dois ensaios foram realizados: (1) para determinar a composição química, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e energia do farelo de castanha de caju (FCC) e avaliar os efeitos do aumento dos níveis (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25%) em dietas para coelhos em crescimento sobre desempenho, características de carcaça e avaliação econômica. O ensaio de digestibilidade utilizou 24 coelhos (55 dias de idade), distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com dois tratamentos e 12 repetições, sendo uma ração referência e outra ração teste composta por 70% de dieta basal e 30% de FCC. A digestibilidade da matéria seca, proteína bruta e energia bruta do FCC foram, respectivamente, 76,61; 61,71 e 56,53%. A matéria seca digestível, a proteína digestível e a energia digestível foram, respectivamente, 74,28; 16,97 e 3,549 kcal / kg. O ensaio de desempenho utilizou 120 coelhos, com média de 45 dias de idade e peso de 1090 ± 151g, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos e 10 repetições com dois coelhos do mesmo sexo por gaiola. A inclusão de FCC acima de 5% promoveu uma redução linear no consumo de ração e melhor conversão alimentar, sem afetar as características de ganho de peso e carcaça para o nível de inclusão de 20%. Também foi observada redução linear no custo de alimentação por quilograma de ganho de peso e melhora linear nas taxas de eficiência econômica e índice de custos até 25% de inclusão do FCC. Com base nesses resultados - e para não prejudicar o desempenho - é recomendável incluir até 20% de FCC na dieta de coelhos.


Assuntos
Animais , Coelhos , Anacardium/química , Custos e Análise de Custo , Ração Animal , Manipulação de Alimentos
7.
Ci. Anim. bras. ; 21: e-61927, Sept. 28, 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-31997

Resumo

Two trials were conducted: (1) to determine the chemical composition, digestibility of nutrients and energy of cashew nut meal (CNM); and (2) to evaluate the effects of increasing its levels (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) in diets for growing rabbits on performance, carcass characteristics and economic evaluation. The digestibility assay utilized 24 rabbits (55 days of age), distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments and 12 repetitions, with one reference and another test feed composed of 70% basal diet and 30% CNM. The digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy from CNM were, respectively, 76.61, 61.71 and 56.53%. The digestible dry matter, digestible protein and digestible energy were, respectively, 74.28, 16.97 and 3,549 kcal/kg. The performance assay utilized 120 rabbits, with an average of 45 days of age and weight 1090 ± 151g, distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and 10 repetitions with two rabbits of the same sex per cage. The inclusion of CNM above 5% promoted a linear reduction in feed intake and improved feed conversion, without affecting weight gain and carcass characteristics to the 20% level of inclusion. There was also a linear reduction in feed cost per kilogram of weight gain and linear improvement in rates of economic efficiency and cost index up to 25% CNM inclusion. Based on these findings - and to not hurt performance - it is recommended to include up to 20% CNM in rabbits' diet.(AU)


Dois ensaios foram realizados: (1) para determinar a composição química, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e energia do farelo de castanha de caju (FCC) e avaliar os efeitos do aumento dos níveis (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25%) em dietas para coelhos em crescimento sobre desempenho, características de carcaça e avaliação econômica. O ensaio de digestibilidade utilizou 24 coelhos (55 dias de idade), distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com dois tratamentos e 12 repetições, sendo uma ração referência e outra ração teste composta por 70% de dieta basal e 30% de FCC. A digestibilidade da matéria seca, proteína bruta e energia bruta do FCC foram, respectivamente, 76,61; 61,71 e 56,53%. A matéria seca digestível, a proteína digestível e a energia digestível foram, respectivamente, 74,28; 16,97 e 3,549 kcal / kg. O ensaio de desempenho utilizou 120 coelhos, com média de 45 dias de idade e peso de 1090 ± 151g, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos e 10 repetições com dois coelhos do mesmo sexo por gaiola. A inclusão de FCC acima de 5% promoveu uma redução linear no consumo de ração e melhor conversão alimentar, sem afetar as características de ganho de peso e carcaça para o nível de inclusão de 20%. Também foi observada redução linear no custo de alimentação por quilograma de ganho de peso e melhora linear nas taxas de eficiência econômica e índice de custos até 25% de inclusão do FCC. Com base nesses resultados - e para não prejudicar o desempenho - é recomendável incluir até 20% de FCC na dieta de coelhos.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Coelhos , Ração Animal , Custos e Análise de Custo , Anacardium/química , Manipulação de Alimentos
8.
R. bras. Saúde Prod. Anim. ; 21: e2121102020, Aug. 7, 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-29072

Resumo

Two experimental tests were carried out to evaluate the inclusion of forage cactus meal in diets for rabbits during the growth phase. In the first test 14 male New Zealand red rabbits were used, housed in metal cages, and distributed in a completely randomly design with two treatments and seven replicates with one animal per experimental unit. The digestibility of the nutrients and the digestible energy of the forage cactus meal were determined by the total feces collection method. The forage cactus meal presented 92.24% of DM, 5.63% of CP and 2,347 kcal of DE/kg. In the second test the inclusion of 0, 10, 20 and 30% forage cactus meal in the rabbit diet was tested for productive performance, carcass characteristics, viscera and economic viability. Thus, 40 male rabbits of the New Zealand red breed were used, distributed in metal cages, completely random designed with four treatments, five replicates and two animals per experimental unit. No influence of inclusion levels (P>0.05) on performance variables, housing characteristics or economic viability was observed. The forage cactus meal can be included in up to 30% in the diets of growing rabbits.(AU)


Foram realizados dois ensaios experimentais para avaliar a inclusão do farelo de palma forrageira em dietas para coelhos durante a fase de crescimento. No primeiro ensaio foram utilizados 14 coelhos machos Nova Zelândia vermelha, alojados em gaiolas metálicas, e distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com dois tratamentos e sete repetições com um animal por unidade experimental. Foram determinadas a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e a energia digestível do farelo de palma pelo método da coleta total de fezes. O farelo de palma forrageira apresentou 92,24% de MS, 5,63% de PB e 2.347 kcal de ED/kg. No segundo ensaio foi testada a inclusão de 0, 10, 20 e 30% de farelo de palma forrageira na dieta de coelhos e avaliado o desempenho produtivo, as características de carcaça, vísceras e a viabilidade econômica. Para tanto, foram utilizados 40 coelhos machos da raça Nova Zelândia vermelha, distribuídos em gaiolas metálicas, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos, cinco repetições e dois animais por unidade experimental. Não se observou influência (P>0,05) da inclusão em níveis do farelo de palma sobre o desempenho produtivo, as características de carcaça e a viabilidade econômica. O farelo de palma pode ser incluído em até de 30% na dieta de coelhos em crescimento.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Coelhos , Opuntia , Ração Animal , Fibras na Dieta , Crescimento e Desenvolvimento
9.
Rev. bras. saúde prod. anim ; 21: e2121102020, Feb. 14, 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1493845

Resumo

Two experimental tests were carried out to evaluate the inclusion of forage cactus meal in diets for rabbits during the growth phase. In the first test 14 male New Zealand red rabbits were used, housed in metal cages, and distributed in a completely randomly design with two treatments and seven replicates with one animal per experimental unit. The digestibility of the nutrients and the digestible energy of the forage cactus meal were determined by the total feces collection method. The forage cactus meal presented 92.24% of DM, 5.63% of CP and 2,347 kcal of DE/kg. In the second test the inclusion of 0, 10, 20 and 30% forage cactus meal in the rabbit diet was tested for productive performance, carcass characteristics, viscera and economic viability. Thus, 40 male rabbits of the New Zealand red breed were used, distributed in metal cages, completely random designed with four treatments, five replicates and two animals per experimental unit. No influence of inclusion levels (P>0.05) on performance variables, housing characteristics or economic viability was observed. The forage cactus meal can be included in up to 30% in the diets of growing rabbits.


Foram realizados dois ensaios experimentais para avaliar a inclusão do farelo de palma forrageira em dietas para coelhos durante a fase de crescimento. No primeiro ensaio foram utilizados 14 coelhos machos Nova Zelândia vermelha, alojados em gaiolas metálicas, e distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com dois tratamentos e sete repetições com um animal por unidade experimental. Foram determinadas a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e a energia digestível do farelo de palma pelo método da coleta total de fezes. O farelo de palma forrageira apresentou 92,24% de MS, 5,63% de PB e 2.347 kcal de ED/kg. No segundo ensaio foi testada a inclusão de 0, 10, 20 e 30% de farelo de palma forrageira na dieta de coelhos e avaliado o desempenho produtivo, as características de carcaça, vísceras e a viabilidade econômica. Para tanto, foram utilizados 40 coelhos machos da raça Nova Zelândia vermelha, distribuídos em gaiolas metálicas, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos, cinco repetições e dois animais por unidade experimental. Não se observou influência (P>0,05) da inclusão em níveis do farelo de palma sobre o desempenho produtivo, as características de carcaça e a viabilidade econômica. O farelo de palma pode ser incluído em até de 30% na dieta de coelhos em crescimento.


Assuntos
Animais , Coelhos , Crescimento e Desenvolvimento , Fibras na Dieta , Opuntia , Ração Animal
10.
R. bras. Ci. avíc. ; 21(4): eRBCA-2019-1062, 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-25827

Resumo

The objective of this study was to evaluate different strategies for the oxidative stabilization of rice bran (RB) in the diet of broiler chickens using natural antioxidant additives, synthetic antioxidant additives and heat treatment on performance, breast meat quality and liver fat content and the nutrient digestibility coefficients. Furthermore, the study aimed to evaluate the effects of heat treatment and antioxidants, antioxidant additive treatments, without antioxidants, natural, and synthetic, and to three heat treatments, without heat, dry-heat and moist-heat, after the rice bran was stored for 90 days and then incorporated into the experimental diets. 1080 broilers were arranged in a 3 x 3-factorial randomized design with 10 replicates per treatments. The wet heat treatment of the meal resulted in a higher daily feed intake and body weight at 28 days and better feed conversion than did the meal without heat treatment. No significant interactions were observed between the tested factors on the apparent digestibility of dry matter and ether extract as well as the values of apparent metabolizable energy and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen. However, there was significant interaction between the tested factors on the nitrogen retention coefficient; the natural antioxidant and dry heat-treated meal combination presented a lower crude protein digestibility coefficient than those without heat treatment. In conclusion, thermal treatment of this bran proved to be more effective as demonstrated by the performance responses of the birds. Broiler chickens reared up to 28 days of age consuming diets containing 6.5% RB stabilized by heat treatment showed better performance, and the use of antioxidants was not necessary.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ração Animal/análise , Galinhas/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/análise , Tratamento Térmico/análise , Óleo de Farelo de Arroz/análise
11.
Rev. bras. ciênc. avic ; 21(4): eRBCA, 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1490692

Resumo

The objective of this study was to evaluate different strategies for the oxidative stabilization of rice bran (RB) in the diet of broiler chickens using natural antioxidant additives, synthetic antioxidant additives and heat treatment on performance, breast meat quality and liver fat content and the nutrient digestibility coefficients. Furthermore, the study aimed to evaluate the effects of heat treatment and antioxidants, antioxidant additive treatments, without antioxidants, natural, and synthetic, and to three heat treatments, without heat, dry-heat and moist-heat, after the rice bran was stored for 90 days and then incorporated into the experimental diets. 1080 broilers were arranged in a 3 x 3-factorial randomized design with 10 replicates per treatments. The wet heat treatment of the meal resulted in a higher daily feed intake and body weight at 28 days and better feed conversion than did the meal without heat treatment. No significant interactions were observed between the tested factors on the apparent digestibility of dry matter and ether extract as well as the values of apparent metabolizable energy and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen. However, there was significant interaction between the tested factors on the nitrogen retention coefficient; the natural antioxidant and dry heat-treated meal combination presented a lower crude protein digestibility coefficient than those without heat treatment. In conclusion, thermal treatment of this bran proved to be more effective as demonstrated by the performance responses of the birds. Broiler chickens reared up to 28 days of age consuming diets containing 6.5% RB stabilized by heat treatment showed better performance, and the use of antioxidants was not necessary.


Assuntos
Animais , Antioxidantes/análise , Galinhas/metabolismo , Ração Animal/análise , Tratamento Térmico/análise , Óleo de Farelo de Arroz/análise
12.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 40(1): 379-388, Jan.-Feb. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-19413

Resumo

The aim of this study was to evaluate poultry performance and diet metabolisability in slow- growing naked neck chickens fed different substitution levels of soybean meal protein with cottonseed cake protein. The trial was conducted in a completely randomized design with five treatments (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% substitution of soybean meal protein with cottonseed cake protein), six replicates and fifteen birds per replicate. The birds and diets of each experimental unit were weighed at one day old. At 30, 60 and 85 days old, the chickens and leftovers were weighed again to estimate the feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), feed conversion (FC) and final weight (FW) from 1 to 30 days, from 1 to 60 days and from 1 to 85 days old. To evaluate diet metabolisability, a three-day total excreta collection (26 to 28 days of age) was performed. A quadratic effect was reported for diet metabolisability, in which the minimum substitution level was 17.45% and 17.69% for apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolisable energy (AMEn), respectively. Based on performance, it is recommended to replace 40% soybean meal protein with cottonseed cake protein.(AU)


O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o desempenho das aves e a metabolizabilidade das dietas de frangos de crescimento lento, da linhagem pescoço pelado, alimentados níveis distintos de substituição da proteína do farelo de soja pela proteína da torta de algodão. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos (0, 10, 20, 30 e 40% de substituição da proteína do farelo de soja pela proteína da torta de algodão), seis repetições e quinze aves por repetição. Com um dia de idade foram pesadas as aves e as dietas de cada unidade experimental. E aos 30, 60 e 85 dias de idade as aves e as sobras das dietas foram pesadas novamente para contabilizar o consumo de ração (CR), ganho de peso (GP), conversão alimentar (CA) e peso final (PF) das aves no período de 1 a 30 dias, de 1 a 60 dias e de 1 a 85 dias de idade. Para avaliação da metabolizabilidade das dietas foi realizada a coleta total de excretas por três dias (26 a 28 dias de idade). Foi identificado efeito quadrático no ensaio de metabolizabilidade das dietas em que o nível mínimo de substituição foi de 17,45% e 17,69% para EMA e EMAn, respectivamente. Com base no desempenho recomenda-se 40% de substituição da proteína do farelo de soja pela proteína da torta de algodão.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Recém-Nascido , Galinhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Galinhas/fisiologia , Gossypium/efeitos adversos , Ração Animal/efeitos adversos , Proteínas Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Alimentos de Soja , Multimisturas
13.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(2): 563-569, mar.-abr. 2018. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-910715

Resumo

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o valor nutricional e energético da torta de mamona destoxificada por diferentes métodos para suínos em crescimento. Foram utilizados 24 suínos machos, castrados, distribuídos em seis tratamentos, sendo uma ração referência e cinco rações testes (75% da dieta referência e 25% das tortas de mamona) contendo a torta de mamona destoxificada pelos métodos do hidróxido de cálcio, da autoclavagem, do hidróxido de cálcio+ensilagem, da autoclavagem+ensilagem e da extrusão. As tortas de mamona submetidas aos processos de destoxificação com hidróxido de cálcio e autoclavagem resultaram em maior teor de proteína digestível. Para o valor de energia metabolizável, os processos de destoxificação com hidróxido de cálcio, autoclavagem, hidróxido de cálcio+ensilagem e extrusão não diferiram entre si. Considerando-se a valoração nutricional e energética da torta de mamona por meio dos processos de destoxificação, os métodos com uso de hidróxido de cálcio e autoclavagem são os mais eficientes.(AU)


The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and energy value of castor bean cake detoxified by different methods for growing pigs. A total of 24 barrows was distributed in six treatments, being in a reference diet and 5 test diets (75% of the reference diet and 25% of castor beam cake) containing castor bean cake detoxified by the method of calcium hydroxide, autoclaving, calcium hydroxide + silage, autoclaving + silage and extrusion. Castor bean cake subjected to detoxification processes with calcium hydroxide and autoclaving resulted in higher content of digestible protein. For the metabolizable energy value, the process of detoxification with calcium hydroxide, autoclaving, calcium hydroxide+silage, and extrusion did not differ. Considering the nutritional and energy valuation of castor bean cake detoxified by different procedures, the methods using calcium hydroxide and autoclaving were the most efficient.


Assuntos
Animais , Ricinus/toxicidade , Suínos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Suínos/metabolismo , Valor Nutritivo
14.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(2): 563-569, mar.-abr. 2018. tab
Artigo em Português | VETINDEX | ID: vti-19173

Resumo

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o valor nutricional e energético da torta de mamona destoxificada por diferentes métodos para suínos em crescimento. Foram utilizados 24 suínos machos, castrados, distribuídos em seis tratamentos, sendo uma ração referência e cinco rações testes (75% da dieta referência e 25% das tortas de mamona) contendo a torta de mamona destoxificada pelos métodos do hidróxido de cálcio, da autoclavagem, do hidróxido de cálcio+ensilagem, da autoclavagem+ensilagem e da extrusão. As tortas de mamona submetidas aos processos de destoxificação com hidróxido de cálcio e autoclavagem resultaram em maior teor de proteína digestível. Para o valor de energia metabolizável, os processos de destoxificação com hidróxido de cálcio, autoclavagem, hidróxido de cálcio+ensilagem e extrusão não diferiram entre si. Considerando-se a valoração nutricional e energética da torta de mamona por meio dos processos de destoxificação, os métodos com uso de hidróxido de cálcio e autoclavagem são os mais eficientes.(AU)


The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and energy value of castor bean cake detoxified by different methods for growing pigs. A total of 24 barrows was distributed in six treatments, being in a reference diet and 5 test diets (75% of the reference diet and 25% of castor beam cake) containing castor bean cake detoxified by the method of calcium hydroxide, autoclaving, calcium hydroxide + silage, autoclaving + silage and extrusion. Castor bean cake subjected to detoxification processes with calcium hydroxide and autoclaving resulted in higher content of digestible protein. For the metabolizable energy value, the process of detoxification with calcium hydroxide, autoclaving, calcium hydroxide+silage, and extrusion did not differ. Considering the nutritional and energy valuation of castor bean cake detoxified by different procedures, the methods using calcium hydroxide and autoclaving were the most efficient.


Assuntos
Animais , Suínos/metabolismo , Ricinus/toxicidade , Suínos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Valor Nutritivo
15.
R. bras. Ci. avíc. ; 19(1,n.esp): 91-96, jan.-mar. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-16995

Resumo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the dietary addition of different levels of glycerin on the performance, litter moisture, pododermatitis incidence, and carcass and parts yield of broilers. In total, 1,610 broilers were reared in 35 pens with 46 birds each. A completely randomized experimental design, with five treatments with seven replicates was applied. The experimental treatments were: T1: control diet; T2: dietary inclusion of 5% glycerin from 1-42 days of age; T3: dietary inclusion of 10% glycerin from 1-42 days of age; T4: dietary inclusion of 5% glycerin from 7-42 days of age; T5: dietary inclusion of 10% glycerin from 7-42 days of age. The diets containing glycerin fed since the pre-starter period improved broiler weight gain and feed conversion ratio, but did not influence feed intake or livability. At the end of the experiment, the production efficiency index of the broilers fed 10% glycerin during the entire rearing period was significantly reduced compared with the other treatments. Litter moisture in the pens of broilers fed 10% glycerin during the entire rearing period was higher compared to the other treatments since day 21.Diets containing 10% glycerin, both for the entire rearing period (1-42 days) or only after the pre-starter phase (7-42 days), influenced broiler performance and incidence of severe pododermatitis, reducing the production efficiency indexes at 42 days. Glycerin may be added up to 5% in broiler´s diets with no effect on performance, litter moisture and carcass yield, indicating that this co-product of the biodiesel industry can be used as an alternative feedstuff for broilers.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Dietética , Glicerol/efeitos adversos , Glicerol/análise , Galinhas/metabolismo , Ração Animal/análise , Ração Animal
16.
Rev. bras. ciênc. avic ; 19(1,n.esp): 91-96, jan.-mar. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1490380

Resumo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the dietary addition of different levels of glycerin on the performance, litter moisture, pododermatitis incidence, and carcass and parts yield of broilers. In total, 1,610 broilers were reared in 35 pens with 46 birds each. A completely randomized experimental design, with five treatments with seven replicates was applied. The experimental treatments were: T1: control diet; T2: dietary inclusion of 5% glycerin from 1-42 days of age; T3: dietary inclusion of 10% glycerin from 1-42 days of age; T4: dietary inclusion of 5% glycerin from 7-42 days of age; T5: dietary inclusion of 10% glycerin from 7-42 days of age. The diets containing glycerin fed since the pre-starter period improved broiler weight gain and feed conversion ratio, but did not influence feed intake or livability. At the end of the experiment, the production efficiency index of the broilers fed 10% glycerin during the entire rearing period was significantly reduced compared with the other treatments. Litter moisture in the pens of broilers fed 10% glycerin during the entire rearing period was higher compared to the other treatments since day 21.Diets containing 10% glycerin, both for the entire rearing period (1-42 days) or only after the pre-starter phase (7-42 days), influenced broiler performance and incidence of severe pododermatitis, reducing the production efficiency indexes at 42 days. Glycerin may be added up to 5% in broiler´s diets with no effect on performance, litter moisture and carcass yield, indicating that this co-product of the biodiesel industry can be used as an alternative feedstuff for broilers.


Assuntos
Animais , Dietética , Galinhas/metabolismo , Glicerol/análise , Glicerol/efeitos adversos , Ração Animal , Ração Animal/análise
17.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 38(1): 455-466, jan.-fev. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-24713

Resumo

The aim of this study was to evaluate feed intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance, water balance, and performance of lambs fed diets containing old man saltbush hay associated with a concentrate. Thirtytwo castrated feedlot Santa Inês lambs at approximately eight months of age, with 22 ± 1.97 kg body weight, were distributed into a completely randomized experimental design. Acid detergent fiber intake increased (P < 0.05), whereas non-fibrous carbohydrates intake decreased (P < 0.01). Inclusion of old man saltbush in the diet reduced (P < 0.01) the digestibility of dry and organic matter, neutral and acid detergent fiber, and non-fibrous carbohydrates. The intakes of digestible dry and organic matter, ether extract, total carbohydrates, and digestible non-fibrous carbohydrates also decreased (P < 0.01). Inclusion of old man saltbush did not influence water consumption from the trough by the sheep, averaging 4327.20 mL/day−1. Body weight at slaughter and daily weight gain decreased linearly (P < 0.05) and feed conversion worsened as old man saltbush hay was added to the diet. Inclusion of old man saltbush at up to 40% replacing the concentrate in feedlot lamb diets does not compromise the performance of these animals.(AU)


Objetivou-se avaliar o consumo, digestibilidade, balanço de nitrogênio, balanço hídrico e o desempenho de cordeiros alimentados com dietas contendo feno de erva-sal associado a concentrado. Utilizou-se 32 cordeiros Santa Inês, castrados, com aproximadamente oito meses de idade, peso corporal de 22 ± 1,97 kg, distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. O consumo de fibra em detergente ácido aumentou (P < 0,05), enquanto que o de carboidratos não fibrosos reduziu (P < 0,01). A inclusão do feno de erva-sal na dieta dos animais reduziu (P < 0,01) a digestibilidade da matéria seca e orgânica, extrato etéreo, fibra em detergente neutro e ácido e dos carboidratos não fibrosos. O consumo de matéria seca e orgânica digestível, assim como o de extrato etéreo, carboidratos totais e não fibrosos digestíveis também reduziram (P < 0,01). A inclusão da erva-sal não influenciou o consumo de água de bebida pelos ovinos com média de 4327,20 mL/dia-1. O peso corporal ao abate e ganho de peso diário apresentaram comportamento linear negativo (P < 0,05) e a conversão alimentar piorou com a inclusão do feno de erva-sal. A inclusão de feno de erva-sal em até 40% em substituição ao concentrado na dieta de cordeiros em confinamento não compromete o desempenho animal.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ovinos/metabolismo , Ovinos/fisiologia , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Aumento de Peso
18.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 38(2): 1009-1016, mar-abr. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-16272

Resumo

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vegetable glycerin on performance and egg quality of red-egg layers in the second production cycle. A total of 252 Hy-Line Brown layers weighing 1.919 ± 0.095 kg, at 90 weeks, were used in a completely randomized design with six treatments and seven birds per replication. The experiment lasted 84 days. Treatments consisted of a control diet (no glycerin) and five diets with increasing levels of vegetable glycerin (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10%). The following variables were evaluated: feed intake (g/bird/day); egg production (%); egg weight (g); egg mass (g/bird/day); conversion per egg mass (kg kg) and per dozen eggs (kg/dz); percentages of albumen, yolk, and shell; eggshell thickness (mm); and egg specific gravity. (Y = 67.69 + 54.23X, R2 = 0.78) and egg mass (Y = 44.84 + 42.87X, R2 = 0.66) improved linearly with the glycerin levels. A quadratic effect was observed (Y = 114.11 + 336.96 X 3,169.6 X2, R2 = 0.52) on feed intake. In conclusion, glycerin can be used to partially replace corn in diets for layers in the second production cycle at inclusion levels of up to 10%.(AU)


Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da glicerina vegetal sobre o desempenho e qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras de ovos vermelhos em segundo ciclo de produção. Foram utilizadas 252 poedeiras Hy-Line Brown, pesando 1,919 ± 0,095 kg com 90 semanas, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e sete aves por repetições. O experimento teve duração de 84 dias. Os tratamentos consistiram em uma dieta controle (sem glicerina), e cinco dietas com níveis de glicerina vegetal (2, 4, 6, 8 e 10%). As variáveis avaliadas foram: consumo de ração (g/ave/dia), produção de ovos (%), peso do ovo (g), massa de ovos (g/ave/dia), conversão por massa de ovos (kg/kg), conversão por dúzia de ovos (kg/dz), percentual de albúmen, gema e casca, espessura de casca (mm) e gravidade específica dos ovos. A produção (Y = 67.69 + 54.23X, R2 = 0.78) e massa de ovos (Y = 44.84 + 42.87X, R2 = 0.66) melhoraram linearmente com os níveis de glicerina. Foi observado efeito quadrático (Y = 114.11 + 336.96 X 3.169.6 X2, R2 = 0.52) sobre o consumo de ração. Conclui-se que a glicerina pode ser utilizada em substituição parcial ao milho, nas dietas para poedeiras em segundo ciclo de produção, no nível de até 10% de inclusão.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Glicerol/análise , Dieta/veterinária , Galinhas , Casca de Ovo , Ovos/análise , Ração Animal
19.
Rev. bras. ciênc. avic ; 18(n.esp 1): 07-12, Jul-Set. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1490329

Resumo

Bovine meat and bone meal (MBM) has been used as a low-cost protein source in corn- and soybean meal-based poultry diets. However, to date, no studies investigating the effect of the dietary inclusion of MBM on the performance of Japanese quails and on egg production costs were found in literature. In this study, 600 Japanese quails in lay were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design consisting of six treatments (replacement levels of soybean meal by MBM:0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%) with five replicates of 20 birds each to investigate if MBM is a viable alternative to maintain or to improve the live and economic performances of these birds. Treatments consisted of a control diet, based on corn and soybean meal, with no inclusion of MBM, and diets formulated with increasing levels (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%) of MBM inclusion at the expense of soybean meal. The studied parameters were evaluated in four periods of 28 days each. Live performance parameters (egg weight, g; average egg production, %; egg weight, g; feed intake, g; feed conversion ratio per egg mass, kg/kg and per dozen eggs, dz/kg; and livability, %); egg quality parameters (proportion of egg components, yolk, albumen, eggshell %; egg specific weight, g/cm3); and economic parameter (bio-economic nutritional index) were determined. Only egg weight, egg specific weight, and eggshell percentage were affected (p < 0.05) by the treatments. Our results show that inclusion of bovine meat and bone meal can be added to the diet of Japanese quails in lay, causing no performance losses and promoting feed cost savings up to 5.24%.


Assuntos
Animais , Aditivos Alimentares/análise , Carne Vermelha/análise , Coturnix/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ovos/análise , Dieta/economia , Ração Animal/análise
20.
R. bras. Ci. avíc. ; 18(n.esp 1): 07-12, Jul-Set. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-15528

Resumo

Bovine meat and bone meal (MBM) has been used as a low-cost protein source in corn- and soybean meal-based poultry diets. However, to date, no studies investigating the effect of the dietary inclusion of MBM on the performance of Japanese quails and on egg production costs were found in literature. In this study, 600 Japanese quails in lay were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design consisting of six treatments (replacement levels of soybean meal by MBM:0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%) with five replicates of 20 birds each to investigate if MBM is a viable alternative to maintain or to improve the live and economic performances of these birds. Treatments consisted of a control diet, based on corn and soybean meal, with no inclusion of MBM, and diets formulated with increasing levels (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%) of MBM inclusion at the expense of soybean meal. The studied parameters were evaluated in four periods of 28 days each. Live performance parameters (egg weight, g; average egg production, %; egg weight, g; feed intake, g; feed conversion ratio per egg mass, kg/kg and per dozen eggs, dz/kg; and livability, %); egg quality parameters (proportion of egg components, yolk, albumen, eggshell %; egg specific weight, g/cm3); and economic parameter (bio-economic nutritional index) were determined. Only egg weight, egg specific weight, and eggshell percentage were affected (p < 0.05) by the treatments. Our results show that inclusion of bovine meat and bone meal can be added to the diet of Japanese quails in lay, causing no performance losses and promoting feed cost savings up to 5.24%.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Coturnix/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Carne Vermelha/análise , Multimisturas , Aditivos Alimentares/análise , Ovos/análise , Dieta/economia , Ração Animal/análise
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